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Al Enezy-Ulbrich MA, Belthle T, Malyaran H, Kučikas V, Küttner H, de Lange RD, van Zandvoort M, Neuss S, Pich A. Fibrin Hydrogels Reinforced by Reactive Microgels for Stimulus-Triggered Drug Administration. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2309912. [PMID: 38898722 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202309912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Tissue engineering is a steadily growing field of research due to its wide-ranging applicability in the field of regenerative medicine. Application-dependent mechanical properties of a scaffold material as well as its biocompatibility and tailored functionality represent particular challenges. Here the properties of fibrin-based hydrogels reinforced by functional cytocompatible poly(N-vinylcaprolactam)-based (PVCL) microgels are studied and evaluated. The employment of temperature-responsive microgels decorated by epoxy groups for covalent binding to the fibrin is studied as a function of cross-linking degree within the microgels, microgel concentration, as well as temperature. Rheology reveals a strong correlation between the mechanical properties of the reinforced fibrin-based hydrogels and the microgel rigidity and concentration. The incorporated microgels serve as cross-links, which enable temperature-responsive behavior of the hydrogels, and slow down the hydrogel degradation. Microgels can be additionally used as carriers for active drugs, as demonstrated for dexamethasone. The microgels' temperature-responsiveness allows for triggered release of payload, which is monitored using a bioassay. The cytocompatibility of the microgel-reinforced fibrin-based hydrogels is demonstrated by LIVE/DEAD staining experiments using human mesenchymal stem cells. The microgel-reinforced hydrogels are a promising material for tissue engineering, owing to their superior mechanical performance and stability, possibility of drug release, and retained biocompatibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Aischa Al Enezy-Ulbrich
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Research Area Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomke Belthle
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Research Area Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hanna Malyaran
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vytautas Kučikas
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Hannah Küttner
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Research Area Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Robert Dirk de Lange
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Research Area Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc van Zandvoort
- Institute for Molecular Cardiovascular Research (IMCAR), RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Cardiovascular Research Institute Maastricht (CARIM), Department of Genetics and Cell Biology, Maastricht University, Universiteitssingel 50, Maastricht, 6229 ER, Netherlands
| | - Sabine Neuss
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Research Area Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Aachen-Maastricht Institute for Biobased Materials (AMIBM), Maastricht University, Urmonderbaan 22, 6167 RD Geleen, the Netherlands
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Al Enezy-Ulbrich MA, Kreuels K, Simonis M, Milvydaitė I, Reineke AT, Schemmer C, Gillner A, Pich A. Enhancing Adhesion of Fibrin-Based Hydrogel to Polythioether Polymer Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:14371-14381. [PMID: 38445533 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
The development of stable (bio)hybrid constructs composed of scaffolds and (bio)matrices is a major challenge in the field of tissue engineering. In the present work, the adhesion of fibrin-based hydrogels to the surface of polythioether-based polymers relevant to the 3D printing of polymer scaffolds produced by thiol-ene click chemistry was investigated. Adhesion properties were characterized by single-lap tensile shear testing. Both the sample preparation and the test method were optimized for the analysis of fibrin gel bonding to the polythioether surface. Our experimental results show that even without further modification, an adhesion between the fibrin hydrogel and polythioether is substantial, with an adhesion strength of 4.9 ± 1.0 kPa. To further improve the bonding, linear functional poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone-co-glycidyl methacrylate) (PVP-co-GMA) copolymers were used that are known for covalently binding to fibrin. The maximum adhesion strength in our study was found to be 18.4 ± 3.4 kPa. The pure PVP-co-GMA copolymers also demonstrate covalent binding to the thiol-ene-based polymers with a maximum adhesion strength of 32.2 ± 2.7 kPa. Therefore, compared to pure fibrin, the presence of copolymer coating both on the polythioether surface and in the fibrin gel led to a significant increase of the adhesion strength by a factor of 1.6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Aischa Al Enezy-Ulbrich
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Klaus Kreuels
- Chair for Laser Technology LLT, RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstraße 15, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Marc Simonis
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Indrė Milvydaitė
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Chair for Laser Technology LLT, RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstraße 15, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna Theresa Reineke
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Chair for Laser Technology LLT, RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstraße 15, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Carina Schemmer
- Chair for Laser Technology LLT, RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstraße 15, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Arnold Gillner
- Chair for Laser Technology LLT, RWTH Aachen University, Steinbachstraße 15, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Laser Technology ILT, Steinbachstraße 15, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Andrij Pich
- Institute for Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Functional and Interactive Polymers, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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Fabrication of Fibrin/Polyvinyl Alcohol Scaffolds for Skin Tissue Engineering via Emulsion Templating. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051151. [PMID: 36904392 PMCID: PMC10006947 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
In the search for a novel and scalable skin scaffold for wound healing and tissue regeneration, we fabricated a class of fibrin/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) scaffolds using an emulsion templating method. The fibrin/PVA scaffolds were formed by enzymatic coagulation of fibrinogen with thrombin in the presence of PVA as a bulking agent and an emulsion phase as the porogen, with glutaraldehyde as the cross-linking agent. After freeze drying, the scaffolds were characterized and evaluated for biocompatibility and efficacy of dermal reconstruction. SEM analysis showed that the formed scaffolds had interconnected porous structures (average pore size e was around 330 µm) and preserved the nano-scale fibrous architecture of the fibrin. Mechanical testing showed that the scaffolds' ultimate tensile strength was around 0.12 MPa with an elongation of around 50%. The proteolytic degradation of scaffolds could be controlled over a wide range by varying the type or degree of cross-linking and by fibrin/PVA composition. Assessment of cytocompatibility by human mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) proliferation assays shows that MSC can attach, penetrate, and proliferate into the fibrin/PVA scaffolds with an elongated and stretched morphology. The efficacy of scaffolds for tissue reconstruction was evaluated in a murine full-thickness skin excision defect model. The scaffolds were integrated and resorbed without inflammatory infiltration and, compared to control wounds, promoted deeper neodermal formation, greater collagen fiber deposition, facilitated angiogenesis, and significantly accelerated wound healing and epithelial closure. The experimental data showed that the fabricated fibrin/PVA scaffolds are promising for skin repair and skin tissue engineering.
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Sanz-Horta R, Matesanz A, Gallardo A, Reinecke H, Jorcano JL, Acedo P, Velasco D, Elvira C. Technological advances in fibrin for tissue engineering. J Tissue Eng 2023; 14:20417314231190288. [PMID: 37588339 PMCID: PMC10426312 DOI: 10.1177/20417314231190288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrin is a promising natural polymer that is widely used for diverse applications, such as hemostatic glue, carrier for drug and cell delivery, and matrix for tissue engineering. Despite the significant advances in the use of fibrin for bioengineering and biomedical applications, some of its characteristics must be improved for suitability for general use. For example, fibrin hydrogels tend to shrink and degrade quickly after polymerization, particularly when they contain embedded cells. In addition, their poor mechanical properties and batch-to-batch variability affect their handling, long-term stability, standardization, and reliability. One of the most widely used approaches to improve their properties has been modification of the structure and composition of fibrin hydrogels. In this review, recent advances in composite fibrin scaffolds, chemically modified fibrin hydrogels, interpenetrated polymer network (IPN) hydrogels composed of fibrin and other synthetic or natural polymers are critically reviewed, focusing on their use for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Sanz-Horta
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Matesanz
- Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Electronic Technology, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
| | - Alberto Gallardo
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Helmut Reinecke
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - José Luis Jorcano
- Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pablo Acedo
- Department of Electronic Technology, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
| | - Diego Velasco
- Department of Bioengineering, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid (UC3M), Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain
- Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de la Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Carlos Elvira
- Department of Applied Macromolecular Chemistry, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish National Research Council (ICTP-CSIC), Madrid, Spain
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Li F, Nguyen GTM, Vancaeyzeele C, Vidal F, Plesse C. Photopolymerizable Ionogel with Healable Properties Based on Dioxaborolane Vitrimer Chemistry. Gels 2022; 8:gels8060381. [PMID: 35735725 PMCID: PMC9222776 DOI: 10.3390/gels8060381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Ionogels are solid polymer gel networks loaded with ionic liquid (IL) percolating throughout each other, giving rise to ionically conducting solid electrolytes. They combine the mechanical properties of polymer networks with the ionic conductivity, non-volatility, and non-flammability of ILs. In the frame of their applications in electrochemical-based flexible electronics, ionogels are usually subjected to repeated deformation, making them susceptible to damage. It appears critical to devise a simple and effective strategy to improve their durability and lifespan by imparting them with healing ability through vitrimer chemistry. In this work, we report the original in situ synthesis of polythioether (PTE)-based vitrimer ionogels using fast photopolymerization through thiol-acrylate Michael addition. PTE-based vitrimer was prepared with a constant amount of the trithiol crosslinker and varied proportions of static dithiol spacers and dynamic chain extender BDB containing dynamic exchangeable boronic ester groups. The dynamic ionogels were prepared using 50 wt% of either 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide or 1-Ethyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate, both of which were selected for their high ionic conductivity. They are completely amorphous (Tg below -30 °C), suggesting they can be used at low temperatures. They are stretchable with an elongation at break around 60%, soft with Young's modulus between 0.4 and 0.6 MPa, and they have high ionic conductivities for solid state electrolytes in the order of 10-4 S·cm-1 at room temperature. They display dynamic properties typical of the vitrimer network, such as stress relaxation and healing, retained despite the large quantity of IL. The design concept illustrated in this work further enlarges the library of vitrimer ionogels and could potentially open a new path for the development of more sustainable, flexible electrochemical-based electronics with extended service life through repair or reprocessing.
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Rodin M, Li J, Kuckling D. Dually cross-linked single networks: structures and applications. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:8147-8177. [PMID: 34059857 DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01585g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cross-linked polymers have attracted an immense attention over the years, however, there are many flaws of these systems, e.g. softness and brittleness; such materials possess non-adjustable properties and cannot recover from damage and thus are limited in their practical applications. Supramolecular chemistry offers a variety of dynamic interactions that when integrated into polymeric gels endow the systems with reversibility and responsiveness to external stimuli. A combination of different cross-links in a single gel could be the key to tackle these drawbacks, since covalent or chemical cross-linking serve to maintain the permanent shape of the material and to improve overall mechanical performance, whereas non-covalent cross-links impart dynamicity, reversibility, stimuli-responsiveness and often toughness to the material. In the present review we sought to give a comprehensive overview of the progress in design strategies of different types of dually cross-linked single gels made by researchers over the past decade as well as the successful implementations of these advances in many demanding fields where versatile multifunctional materials are required, such as tissue engineering, drug delivery, self-healing and adhesive systems, sensors as well as shape memory materials and actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maksim Rodin
- Department of Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany.
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Gsib O, Eggermont LJ, Egles C, Bencherif SA. Engineering a macroporous fibrin-based sequential interpenetrating polymer network for dermal tissue engineering. Biomater Sci 2021; 8:7106-7116. [PMID: 33089849 DOI: 10.1039/d0bm01161d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The success of skin tissue engineering for deep wound healing relies predominantly on the design of innovative and effective biomaterials. This study reports the synthesis and characterization of a new type of naturally-derived and macroporous interpenetrating polymer network (IPN) for skin repair. These biomaterials consist of a biologically active fibrous fibrin network polymerized within a mechanically robust and macroporous construct made of polyethylene glycol and biodegradable serum albumin (PEGDM-co-SAM). First, mesoporous PEGDM-co-SAM hydrogels were synthesized and subjected to cryotreatment to introduce an interconnected macroporous network. Subsequently, fibrin precursors were incorporated within the cryotreated PEG-based network and then allowed to spontaneously polymerize and form a sequential IPN. Rheological measurements indicated that fibrin-based sequential IPN hydrogels exhibited improved and tunable mechanical properties when compared to fibrin hydrogels alone. In vitro data showed that human dermal fibroblasts adhere, infiltrate and proliferate within the IPN constructs, and were able to secrete endogenous extracellular matrix proteins, namely collagen I and fibronectin. Furthermore, a preclinical study in mice demonstrated that IPNs were stable over 1-month following subcutaneous implantation, induced a minimal host inflammatory response, and displayed a substantial cellular infiltration and tissue remodeling within the constructs. Collectively, these data suggest that macroporous and mechanically reinforced fibrin-based sequential IPN hydrogels are promising three-dimensional platforms for dermal tissue regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfat Gsib
- Laboratoire de BioMécanique et BioIngénierie (BMBI), UMR CNRS 7388, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie of Compiègne (UTC), Compiègne, France.
| | - Loek J Eggermont
- Departments of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Christophe Egles
- Laboratoire de BioMécanique et BioIngénierie (BMBI), UMR CNRS 7388, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie of Compiègne (UTC), Compiègne, France.
| | - Sidi A Bencherif
- Laboratoire de BioMécanique et BioIngénierie (BMBI), UMR CNRS 7388, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie of Compiègne (UTC), Compiègne, France. and Departments of Chemical Engineering and Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA and Department of Bioengineering, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, USA and Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, USA
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Kupikowska-Stobba B, Lewińska D. Polymer microcapsules and microbeads as cell carriers for in vivo biomedical applications. Biomater Sci 2020; 8:1536-1574. [PMID: 32110789 DOI: 10.1039/c9bm01337g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Polymer microcarriers are being extensively explored as cell delivery vehicles in cell-based therapies and hybrid tissue and organ engineering. Spherical microcarriers are of particular interest due to easy fabrication and injectability. They include microbeads, composed of a porous matrix, and microcapsules, where matrix core is additionally covered with a semipermeable membrane. Microcarriers provide cell containment at implantation site and protect the cells from host immunoresponse, degradation and shear stress. Immobilized cells may be genetically altered to release a specific therapeutic product directly at the target site, eliminating side effects of systemic therapies. Cell microcarriers need to fulfil a number of extremely high standards regarding their biocompatibility, cytocompatibility, immunoisolating capacity, transport, mechanical and chemical properties. To obtain cell microcarriers of specified parameters, a wide variety of polymers, both natural and synthetic, and immobilization methods can be applied. Yet so far, only a few approaches based on cell-laden microcarriers have reached clinical trials. The main issue that still impedes progress of these systems towards clinical application is limited cell survival in vivo. Herein, we review polymer biomaterials and methods used for fabrication of cell microcarriers for in vivo biomedical applications. We describe their key limitations and modifications aiming at improvement of microcarrier in vivo performance. We also present the main applications of polymer cell microcarriers in regenerative medicine, pancreatic islet and hepatocyte transplantation and in the treatment of cancer. Lastly, we outline the main challenges in cell microimmobilization for biomedical purposes, the strategies to overcome these issues and potential future improvements in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Kupikowska-Stobba
- Laboratory of Electrostatic Methods of Bioencapsulation, Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnological Systems, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dorota Lewińska
- Laboratory of Electrostatic Methods of Bioencapsulation, Department of Biomaterials and Biotechnological Systems, Nalecz Institute of Biocybernetics and Biomedical Engineering, Polish Academy of Sciences, Trojdena 4, 02-109 Warsaw, Poland.
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9
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da Silva Morais A, Vieira S, Zhao X, Mao Z, Gao C, Oliveira JM, Reis RL. Advanced Biomaterials and Processing Methods for Liver Regeneration: State-of-the-Art and Future Trends. Adv Healthc Mater 2020; 9:e1901435. [PMID: 31977159 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201901435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Liver diseases contribute markedly to the global burden of mortality and disease. The limited organ disposal for orthotopic liver transplantation results in a continuing need for alternative strategies. Over the past years, important progress has been made in the field of tissue engineering (TE). Many of the early trials to improve the development of an engineered tissue construct are based on seeding cells onto biomaterial scaffolds. Nowadays, several TE approaches have been developed and are applied to one vital organ: the liver. Essential elements must be considered in liver TE-cells and culturing systems, bioactive agents or growth factors (GF), and biomaterials and processing methods. The potential of hepatocytes, mesenchymal stem cells, and others as cell sources is demonstrated. They need engineered biomaterial-based scaffolds with perfect biocompatibility and bioactivity to support cell proliferation and hepatic differentiation as well as allowing extracellular matrix deposition and vascularization. Moreover, they require a microenvironment provided using conventional or advanced processing technologies in order to supply oxygen, nutrients, and GF. Herein the biomaterials and the conventional and advanced processing technologies, including cell-sheets process, 3D bioprinting, and microfluidic systems, as well as the future trends in these major fields are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain da Silva Morais
- 3B's Research GroupI3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/ Guimarães Portugal
| | - Sílvia Vieira
- 3B's Research GroupI3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/ Guimarães Portugal
| | - Xinlian Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Zhengwei Mao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Changyou Gao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang University Hangzhou 310027 China
| | - Joaquim M. Oliveira
- 3B's Research GroupI3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/ Guimarães Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision MedicineUniversity of Minho 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
| | - Rui L. Reis
- 3B's Research GroupI3Bs – Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and BiomimeticsUniversity of MinhoHeadquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
- ICVS/3B's–PT Government Associate Laboratory Braga/ Guimarães Portugal
- The Discoveries Centre for Regenerative and Precision MedicineUniversity of Minho 4805‐017 Barco Guimarães Portugal
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10
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da Silva Morais A, Oliveira JM, Reis RL. Biomaterials and Microfluidics for Liver Models. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1230:65-86. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-36588-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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11
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Wang Z, Detrembleur C, Debuigne A. Reversible deactivation radical (co)polymerization of dimethyl methylene oxazolidinone towards responsive vicinal aminoalcohol-containing copolymers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01255f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined oxazolidinone-containing copolymers produced by controlled radical polymerization give access to multi-responsive vicinal amino-alcohol functional poly(vinyl alcohol)s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqun Wang
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- CESAM Research Unit
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- CESAM Research Unit
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM)
- CESAM Research Unit
- University of Liege
- 4000 Liege
- Belgium
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12
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Roberts IV, Bukhary D, Valdivieso CYL, Tirelli N. Fibrin Matrices as (Injectable) Biomaterials: Formation, Clinical Use, and Molecular Engineering. Macromol Biosci 2019; 20:e1900283. [PMID: 31769933 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201900283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on fibrin, starting from biological mechanisms (its production from fibrinogen and its enzymatic degradation), through its use as a medical device and as a biomaterial, and finally discussing the techniques used to add biological functions and/or improve its mechanical performance through its molecular engineering. Fibrin is a material of biological (human, and even patient's own) origin, injectable, adhesive, and remodellable by cells; further, it is nature's most common choice for an in situ forming, provisional matrix. Its widespread use in the clinic and in research is therefore completely unsurprising. There are, however, areas where its biomedical performance can be improved, namely achieving a better control over mechanical properties (and possibly higher modulus), slowing down degradation or incorporating cell-instructive functions (e.g., controlled delivery of growth factors). The authors here specifically review the efforts made in the last 20 years to achieve these aims via biomimetic reactions or self-assembly, as much via formation of hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwan Vaughan Roberts
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Science, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK
| | - Deena Bukhary
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Science, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Faculty of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, 21955, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nicola Tirelli
- Division of Pharmacy and Optometry, School of Health Science, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.,Laboratory of Polymers and Biomaterials, Fondazione Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
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Wang K, Trichet L, Rieu C, Peccate C, Pembouong G, Bouteiller L, Coradin T. Interactions of Organosilanes with Fibrinogen and Their Influence on Muscle Cell Proliferation in 3D Fibrin Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:3684-3695. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.9b00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Léa Trichet
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Clément Rieu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Cécile Peccate
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm UMRS974, Association Institut de Myologie, Centre de Recherche en Myologie, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Gaëlle Pembouong
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Laurent Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thibaud Coradin
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 75005 Paris, France
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Goczkowski M, Gobin M, Hindié M, Agniel R, Larreta-Garde V. Properties of interpenetrating polymer networks associating fibrin and silk fibroin networks obtained by a double enzymatic method. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 104:109931. [PMID: 31499978 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.109931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2018] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Fibrin gels are of interest as biomaterials for regenerative medicine but present poor mechanical properties, undergo fast degradation and strongly contract in presence of cells. To face these drawbacks, a fibrin network can be associated with another polymer network, in an Interpenetrating Polymer Network (IPN) architecture. In this study, we report the properties of an IPN comprising a fibrin (Fb) network and a silk fibroin (SF) network. This IPN is synthesized through the action of 2 enzymes, each one being specific of one protein gelation, i.e. thrombin (Tb) for Fb gelation, and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) for SF gelation. The effective formation of both Fb and SF networks in an IPN architecture was first verified at qualitative and quantitative levels. The resulting IPN was easily manipulable, displayed high viscoelastic properties and showed homogeneous macro- and micro-structure. Then the degradability of the IPN by two proteases, thermolysin (TL) and trypsin (TRY), obeying different mechanisms was presented. Finally, two-dimensional culture of human fibroblasts on the IPN surface induced little material contraction, while fibroblasts showed healthy morphology, displayed high viability and produced mature extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins. Taken together, the results suggest that this new IPN have a strong potential for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathieu Goczkowski
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire Cellules (ERRMECe), Institut des Matériaux, Cergy-Pontoise University, Cergy-Pontoise, France; Celogos, Paris, France
| | - Maxime Gobin
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire Cellules (ERRMECe), Institut des Matériaux, Cergy-Pontoise University, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Mathilde Hindié
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire Cellules (ERRMECe), Institut des Matériaux, Cergy-Pontoise University, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Rémy Agniel
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire Cellules (ERRMECe), Institut des Matériaux, Cergy-Pontoise University, Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Véronique Larreta-Garde
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire Cellules (ERRMECe), Institut des Matériaux, Cergy-Pontoise University, Cergy-Pontoise, France.
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15
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Juger J, Vancaeyzeele C, Plesse C, Nguyen G, Ribeiro FB, Teyssié D, Vidal F. Polymeric ionic liquid based interpenetrating polymer network for all-solid self-standing polyelectrolyte material. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.07.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Pajorova J, Bacakova M, Musilkova J, Broz A, Hadraba D, Lopot F, Bacakova L. Morphology of a fibrin nanocoating influences dermal fibroblast behavior. Int J Nanomedicine 2018; 13:3367-3380. [PMID: 29922057 PMCID: PMC5997127 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s162644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Our study focuses on the fabrication of appropriate scaffolds for skin wound healing. This research brings valuable insights into the molecular mechanisms of adhesion, proliferation, and control of cell behavior through the extracellular matrix represented by synthetic biodegradable nanofibrous membranes coated by biomolecules. METHODS Nanofibrous polylactic acid (PLA) membranes were prepared by a needle-less electrospinning technology. These membranes were coated with fibrin according to two preparation protocols, and additionally they were coated with fibronectin in order to increase the cell affinity for colonizing the PLA membranes. The adhesion, growth, and extracellular matrix protein production of neonatal human dermal fibroblasts were evaluated on the nanofibrous membranes. RESULTS Our results showed that fibrin-coated membranes improved the adhesion and proliferation of human dermal fibroblasts. The morphology of the fibrin nanocoating seems to be crucial for the adhesion of fibroblasts, and consequently for their phenotypic maturation. Fibrin either covered the individual fibers in the membrane (F1 nanocoating), or covered the individual fibers and also formed a fine homogeneous nanofibrous mesh on the surface of the membrane (F2 nanocoating), depending on the mode of fibrin preparation. The fibroblasts on the membranes with the F1 nanocoating remained in their typical spindle-like shape. However, the cells on the F2 nanocoating were spread mostly in a polygon-like shape, and their proliferation was significantly higher. Fibronectin formed an additional mesh attached to the surface of the fibrin mesh, and further enhanced the cell adhesion and growth. The relative gene expression and protein production of collagen I and fibronectin were higher on the F2 nanocoating than on the F1 nanocoating. CONCLUSION A PLA membrane coated with a homogeneous fibrin mesh seems to be promising for the construction of temporary full-thickness skin tissue substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Pajorova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marketa Bacakova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Musilkova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Antonin Broz
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Daniel Hadraba
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Frantisek Lopot
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Bacakova
- Department of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Institute of Physiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
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Deneufchâtel M, Larreta-Garde V, Fichet O. Polyethylene glycol-albumin/fibrin interpenetrating polymer networks with adaptable enzymatic degradation for tissue engineering applications. Polym Degrad Stab 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Gsib O, Deneufchatel M, Goczkowski M, Trouillas M, Resche-Guigon M, Bencherif S, Fichet O, Lataillade JJ, Larreta-Garde V, Egles C. FibriDerm: Interpenetrated Fibrin Scaffolds for the Construction of Human Skin Equivalents for Full Thickness Burns. Ing Rech Biomed 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.irbm.2017.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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Gsib O, Duval JL, Goczkowski M, Deneufchatel M, Fichet O, Larreta-Garde V, Bencherif SA, Egles C. Evaluation of Fibrin-Based Interpenetrating Polymer Networks as Potential Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2017; 7:E436. [PMID: 29232876 PMCID: PMC5746926 DOI: 10.3390/nano7120436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Revised: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Interpenetrating polymer networks (IPNs) have gained great attention for a number of biomedical applications due to their improved properties compared to individual components alone. In this study, we investigated the capacity of newly-developed naturally-derived IPNs as potential biomaterials for tissue engineering. These IPNs combine the biologic properties of a fibrous fibrin network polymerized at the nanoscale and the mechanical stability of polyethylene oxide (PEO). First, we assessed their cytotoxicity in vitro on L929 fibroblasts. We further evaluated their biocompatibility ex vivo with a chick embryo organotypic culture model. Subcutaneous implantations of the matrices were subsequently conducted on nude mice to investigate their biocompatibility in vivo. Our preliminary data highlighted that our biomaterials were non-cytotoxic (viability above 90%). The organotypic culture showed that the IPN matrices induced higher cell adhesion (across all the explanted organ tissues) and migration (skin, intestine) than the control groups, suggesting the advantages of using a biomimetic, yet mechanically-reinforced IPN-based matrix. We observed no major inflammatory response up to 12 weeks post implantation. All together, these data suggest that these fibrin-based IPNs are promising biomaterials for tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olfat Gsib
- Laboratoire de BioMécanique et de BioIngénierie (BMBI) UMR CNRS 7388, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie of Compiègne (UTC), 60200 Compiègne, France.
| | - Jean-Luc Duval
- Laboratoire de BioMécanique et de BioIngénierie (BMBI) UMR CNRS 7388, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie of Compiègne (UTC), 60200 Compiègne, France.
| | - Mathieu Goczkowski
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire Cellules (Errmece), Institut des Matériaux, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95000 Cergy-Pontoise, France.
| | - Marie Deneufchatel
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire Cellules (Errmece), Institut des Matériaux, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95000 Cergy-Pontoise, France.
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Institut des Matériaux, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95000 Cergy-Pontoise, France.
| | - Odile Fichet
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI), Institut des Matériaux, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95000 Cergy-Pontoise, France.
| | - Véronique Larreta-Garde
- Equipe de Recherche sur les Relations Matrice Extracellulaire Cellules (Errmece), Institut des Matériaux, Université de Cergy-Pontoise, 95000 Cergy-Pontoise, France.
| | - Sidi Ahmed Bencherif
- Laboratoire de BioMécanique et de BioIngénierie (BMBI) UMR CNRS 7388, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie of Compiègne (UTC), 60200 Compiègne, France.
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
| | - Christophe Egles
- Laboratoire de BioMécanique et de BioIngénierie (BMBI) UMR CNRS 7388, Sorbonne Universités, Université de Technologie of Compiègne (UTC), 60200 Compiègne, France.
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Vancaeyzeele C, Olivier F, Petroffe G, Peralta S, Vidal F. Nanostructured Thermal Responsive Materials Synthesized by Soft Templating. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:12706-12718. [PMID: 28304154 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We capitalized herein the inherent tortuosity of bicontinuous microemulsion to conceive nanostructured drug-delivery devices. First, we show that it is possible to synthesize bicontinuous materials with continuous hydrophilic domains of the poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) network entangled with continuous hydrophobic polymer domains, with dual-phase continuity being imposed by the bicontinuous microemulsions used as a soft template. Particular attention is paid to the microemulsion formulations using a surfmer to preserve the one-to-one replication of the bicontinuous nanostructure after polymerization. These materials keep a volume phase transition with temperature that allows considering them as drug carriers for controlled release. PNIPAM, which plays the role of the active ingredient reservoir, is confined in the bicontinuous structure. As expected, the PNIPAM enclosure limits the surface area in contact with the releasing aqueous solution and thus slows down the desorption of aspirin, which is used as a model drug. The hydrophobic polymers play the role of in situ-created transport barriers without hindering it as all the loaded aspirin in this bicontinuous structure still remains available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cedric Vancaeyzeele
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI - EA 2528), I-Mat, Université de Cergy-Pontoise , 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Florian Olivier
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI - EA 2528), I-Mat, Université de Cergy-Pontoise , 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Gwendoline Petroffe
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI - EA 2528), I-Mat, Université de Cergy-Pontoise , 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Sebastien Peralta
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI - EA 2528), I-Mat, Université de Cergy-Pontoise , 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
| | - Frederic Vidal
- Laboratoire de Physicochimie des Polymères et des Interfaces (LPPI - EA 2528), I-Mat, Université de Cergy-Pontoise , 5 mail Gay-Lussac, 95031 Cergy-Pontoise, France
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Hyaluronic acid-fibrin interpenetrating double network hydrogel prepared in situ by orthogonal disulfide cross-linking reaction for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2016; 38:23-32. [PMID: 27134013 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2015] [Revised: 04/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED To strengthen the mechanical properties of a fibrin gel and improve its applicability as a scaffold for tissue engineering (TE) applications, a strategy for the in situ preparation of the interpenetrating network (IPN) of fibrin and hyaluronic acid (HA) was developed on the basis of simultaneous and orthogonal fibrinogenesis and disulfide cross-linking. The synthetic pathway included the preparation of mutually reactive HA derivatives bearing thiol and 2-dithiopyridyl groups. Combining thiol-derivatized HA with thrombin and 2-dithiopyridyl-modified HA with fibrinogen and then mixing the obtained liquid formulations afforded IPNs with fibrin-resembling fibrillar architectures at different ratios between fibrin and HA networks. The formation of two networks was confirmed by conducting reference experiments with the compositions lacking one of the four components. The composition of 2% (w/v) fibrin and 1% (w/v) HA showed the highest storage modulus (G'), as compared with the single network counterparts. The degradation of fibrin in IPN hydrogels was slower than that in pure fibrin gels both during incubation of the hydrogels in a fibrin-cleaving nattokinase solution and during the culturing of cells after their encapsulation in the hydrogels. Together with the persistence of HA network, it permitted longer cell culturing time in the IPN. Moreover, the proliferation and spreading of MG63 cells that express the hyaluronan receptor CD44 in IPN hydrogel was increased, as compared with its single network analogues. These results are promising for tunable ECM-based materials for TE and regenerative medicine. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The present work is devoted to in situ fabrication of injectable extracellular matrix hydrogels through simultaneous generation of networks of fibrin and hyaluronic acid (HA) that interpenetrate each other. This is accomplished by combination of enzymatic fibrin cross-linking with orthogonal disulphide cross-linking of HA. High hydrophilicity of HA prevents compaction of the fibrin network, while fibrin provides an adhesive environment for in situ encapsulated cells. The interpenetrating network hydrogel shows an increased stiffness along with a lower degradation rate of fibrin in comparison to the single fibrin network. As a result, the cells have sufficient time for the remodelling of the scaffold. This new approach can be applied for modular construction of in vitro tissue models and tissue engineering scaffolds in vivo.
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Schneider-Barthold C, Baganz S, Wilhelmi M, Scheper T, Pepelanova I. Hydrogels based on collagen and fibrin – frontiers and applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1515/bnm-2015-0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AbstractHydrogels are a versatile tool for a multitude of applications in biomedical research and clinical practice. Especially collagen and fibrin hydrogels are distinguished by their excellent biocompatibility, natural capacity for cell adhesion and low immunogenicity. In many ways, collagen and fibrin represent an ideal biomaterial, as they can serve as a scaffold for tissue regeneration and promote the migration of cells, as well as the ingrowth of tissues. On the other hand, pure collagen and fibrin materials are marked by poor mechanical properties and rapid degradation, which limits their use in practice. This paper will review methods of modification of natural collagen and fibrin materials to next-generation materials with enhanced stability. A special focus is placed on biomedical products from fibrin and collagen already on the market. In addition, recent research on the in vivo applications of collagen and fibrin-based materials will be showcased.
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Bidault L, Deneufchatel M, Hindié M, Vancaeyzeele C, Fichet O, Larreta-Garde V. Fibrin-based interpenetrating polymer network biomaterials with tunable biodegradability. POLYMER 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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