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Kommineni N, Chaudhari R, Conde J, Tamburaci S, Cecen B, Chandra P, Prasad R. Engineered Liposomes in Interventional Theranostics of Solid Tumors. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023; 9:4527-4557. [PMID: 37450683 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Engineered liposomal nanoparticles have unique characteristics as cargo carriers in cancer care and therapeutics. Liposomal theranostics have shown significant progress in preclinical and clinical cancer models in the past few years. Liposomal hybrid systems have not only been approved by the FDA but have also reached the market level. Nanosized liposomes are clinically proven systems for delivering multiple therapeutic as well as imaging agents to the target sites in (i) cancer theranostics of solid tumors, (ii) image-guided therapeutics, and (iii) combination therapeutic applications. The choice of diagnostics and therapeutics can intervene in the theranostics property of the engineered system. However, integrating imaging and therapeutics probes within lipid self-assembly "liposome" may compromise their overall theranostics performance. On the other hand, liposomal systems suffer from their fragile nature, site-selective tumor targeting, specific biodistribution and premature leakage of loaded cargo molecules before reaching the target site. Various engineering approaches, viz., grafting, conjugation, encapsulations, etc., have been investigated to overcome the aforementioned issues. It has been studied that surface-engineered liposomes demonstrate better tumor selectivity and improved therapeutic activity and retention in cells/or solid tumors. It should be noted that several other parameters like reproducibility, stability, smooth circulation, toxicity of vital organs, patient compliance, etc. must be addressed before using liposomal theranostics agents in solid tumors or clinical models. Herein, we have reviewed the importance and challenges of liposomal medicines in targeted cancer theranostics with their preclinical and clinical progress and a translational overview.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagavendra Kommineni
- Center for Biomedical Research, Population Council, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Ruchita Chaudhari
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - João Conde
- ToxOmics, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, NMS|FCM, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa; Lisboa 1169-056, Portugal
| | - Sedef Tamburaci
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Gulbahce Campus, Izmir 35430, Turkey
| | - Berivan Cecen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Rowan University, Glassboro, New Jersey 08028, United States
| | - Pranjal Chandra
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Rajendra Prasad
- School of Biochemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
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2
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Javia A, Vanza J, Bardoliwala D, Ghosh S, Misra A, Patel M, Thakkar H. Polymer-drug conjugates: Design principles, emerging synthetic strategies and clinical overview. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121863. [PMID: 35643347 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Adagen, an enzyme replacement treatment for adenosine deaminase deficiency, was the first protein-polymer conjugate to be approved in early 1990s. Post this regulatory approval, numerous polymeric drugs and polymeric nanoparticles have entered the market as advanced or next-generation polymer-based therapeutics, while many others have currently been tested clinically. The polymer conjugation to therapeutic moiety offers several advantages, like enhanced solubilization of drug, controlled release, reduced immunogenicity, and prolonged circulation. The present review intends to highlight considerations in the design of therapeutically effective polymer-drug conjugates (PDCs), including the choice of linker chemistry. The potential synthetic strategies to formulate PDCs have been discussed along with recent advancements in the different types of PDCs, i.e., polymer-small molecular weight drug conjugates, polymer-protein conjugates, and stimuli-responsive PDCs, which are under clinical/preclinical investigation. Current impediments and regulatory hurdles hindering the clinical translation of PDC into effective therapeutic regimens for the amelioration of disease conditions have been addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Javia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India
| | - Jigar Vanza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat-388421, India
| | - Denish Bardoliwala
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India
| | - Saikat Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India
| | - Ambikanandan Misra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, Shirpur, Maharashtra-425405, Indi
| | - Mrunali Patel
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Ramanbhai Patel College of Pharmacy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat-388421, India
| | - Hetal Thakkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kalabhavan Campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat-390001, India.
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3
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Li Y, Chang R, Chen YX. Recent advances in post-polymerization modifications on polypeptides: synthesis and applications. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200318. [PMID: 35576055 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Polypeptides, a kind of very promising biomaterial, have shown a wide range of applications due to their excellent biocompatibility, easy accessibility, and structural variability. To synthesize polypeptides with desired functions, post-polymerization modification (PPM) plays an important role in introducing novel chemical structure on their side-chains. The key of PPM strategy is to develop highly selective and efficient reactions that can couple the additional functional moieties with pre-installed side-chain functionalities on polypeptides. In this minireview, classic PPM reactions and especially their recent progresses are summarized, including different modification approaches for unsaturated alkyl group, oxygen-containing functional group, nitrogen-containing functional group, sulfur-containing functional group and other special functional group on side chains. In addition, this review also highlights the applications of structure-diversified polypeptides generated via PPM strategy in the field of biomaterial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Li
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry, Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Rong Chang
- Tsinghua University Department of Chemistry, Chemistry, CHINA
| | - Yong-Xiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, 100084, China, 100084, Beiing, CHINA
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4
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Gharibkandi NA, Gierałtowska J, Wawrowicz K, Bilewicz A. Nanostructures as Radionuclide Carriers in Auger Electron Therapy. MATERIALS 2022; 15:ma15031143. [PMID: 35161087 PMCID: PMC8839301 DOI: 10.3390/ma15031143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The concept of nanoparticle-mediated radionuclide delivery in the cancer treatment has been widely discussed in the past decade. In particular, the use of inorganic and organic nanostructures in the development of radiopharmaceuticals enables the delivery of medically important radioisotopes for radionuclide therapy. In this review, we present the development of nanostructures for cancer therapy with Auger electron radionuclides. Following that, different types of nanoconstructs that can be used as carriers for Auger electron emitters, design principles, nanoparticle materials, and target vectors that overcame the main difficulties are described. In addition, systems in which high-Z element nanoparticles are used as radionuclide carriers, causing the emission of photoelectrons from the nanoparticle surface, are presented. Finally, future research opportunities in the field are discussed as well as issues that must be addressed before nanoparticle-based Auger electron radionuclide therapy can be transferred to clinical use.
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Le PJ, Miersch S, Forbes MW, Jarvik N, Ku A, Sidhu SS, Reilly RM, Winnik MA. Site-Specific Conjugation of Metal-Chelating Polymers to Anti-Frizzled-2 Antibodies via Microbial Transglutaminase. Biomacromolecules 2021; 22:2491-2504. [PMID: 33961407 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.1c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Metal-chelating polymer-based radioimmunoconjugates (RICs) are effective agents for radioimmunotherapy but are currently limited by nonspecific binding and off-target organ uptake. Nonspecific binding appears after conjugation of the polymer to the antibody and may be related to random lysine conjugation since the polymers themselves do not bind to cells. To investigate the role of conjugation sites on nonspecific binding of polymer RICs, we developed a microbial transglutaminase reaction to prepare site-specific antibody-polymer conjugates. The reaction was enabled by introducing a Q-tag (i.e., 7M48) into antibody (i.e., Fab) fragments and synthesizing a polyglutamide-based metal-chelating polymer with a PEG amine block to yield substrates. Mass spectrometric analyses confirmed that the microbial transglutaminase conjugation reaction was site-specific. For comparison, random lysine conjugation analogs with an average of one polymer per Fab were prepared by bis-aryl hydrazone conjugation. Conjugates were prepared from an anti-frizzled-2 Fab to target the Wnt pathway, along with a nonbinding specificity control, anti-Luciferase Fab. Fabs were engineered from a trastuzumab-based IgG1 framework and lack lysines in the antigen-binding site. Conjugates were analyzed for thermal conformational stability by differential scanning fluorimetry, which showed that the site-specific conjugate had a similar melting temperature to the parent Fab. Binding assays by biolayer interferometry showed that the site-specific anti-frizzled-2 conjugate maintained high affinity to the antigen, while the random conjugate showed a 10-fold decrease in affinity, which was largely due to changes in association rates. Radioligand cell-binding assays on frizzled-2+ PANC-1 cells and frizzled-2- CHO cells showed that the site-specific anti-frizzled-2 conjugate had ca. 4-fold lower nonspecific binding compared to the random conjugate. Site-specific conjugation appeared to reduce nonspecific binding associated with random conjugation of the polymer in polymer RICs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Penny J Le
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1H6, Canada
| | - Shane Miersch
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Matthew W Forbes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1H6, Canada
| | - Nick Jarvik
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Anthony Ku
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Sachdev S Sidhu
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E1, Canada
| | - Raymond M Reilly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada.,Joint Department of Medical Imaging and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Mitchell A Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S 1H6, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering and Applied Chemistry, University of Toronto, 200 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3E2, Canada
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6
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Pei P, Liu T, Shen W, Liu Z, Yang K. Biomaterial-mediated internal radioisotope therapy. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:1348-1366. [PMID: 34846446 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01761b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Radiation therapy (RT), including external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) and internal radioisotope therapy (RIT), has been an indispensable strategy for cancer therapy in clinical practice in recent years. Ionized atoms and free radicals emitted from the nucleus of radioisotopes can cleave a single strand of DNA, inducing the apoptosis of cancer cells. Thus far, nuclides used for RIT could be classified into three main types containing alpha (α), beta (β), and Auger particle emitters. In order to enhance the bioavailability and reduce the physiological toxicity of radioisotopes, various biomaterials have been utilized as multifunctional nanocarriers, including targeting molecules, macromolecular monoclonal antibodies, peptides, inorganic nanomaterials, and organic and polymeric nanomaterials. Therapeutic radioisotopes have been labeled onto these nanocarriers via different methods (chelating, chemical doping, encapsulating, displacement) to inhibit or kill cancer cells. With the continuous development of research in this respect, more promising biomaterials as well as novel therapeutic strategies have emerged to achieve the high-performance RIT of cancer. In this review article, we summarize recent advances in biomaterial-mediated RIT of cancer and provide guidance for non-experts to understand nuclear medicine and to conduct cancer radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School of Radiation Medicine and Protection & School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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7
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White JM, Escorcia FE, Viola NT. Perspectives on metals-based radioimmunotherapy (RIT): moving forward. Theranostics 2021; 11:6293-6314. [PMID: 33995659 PMCID: PMC8120204 DOI: 10.7150/thno.57177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) is FDA-approved for the clinical management of liquid malignancies, however, its use for solid malignancies remains a challenge. The putative benefit of RIT lies in selective targeting of antigens expressed on the tumor surface using monoclonal antibodies, to systemically deliver cytotoxic radionuclides. The past several decades yielded dramatic improvements in the quality, quantity, recent commercial availability of alpha-, beta- and Auger Electron-emitting therapeutic radiometals. Investigators have created new or improved existing bifunctional chelators. These bifunctional chelators bind radiometals and can be coupled to antigen-specific antibodies. In this review, we discuss approaches to develop radiometal-based RITs, including the selection of radiometals, chelators and antibody platforms (i.e. full-length, F(ab')2, Fab, minibodies, diabodies, scFv-Fc and nanobodies). We cite examples of the performance of RIT in the clinic, describe challenges to its implementation, and offer insights to address gaps toward translation.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antigens, Neoplasm/immunology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Chelating Agents/administration & dosage
- Chelating Agents/metabolism
- Click Chemistry
- Clinical Trials as Topic
- Dose Fractionation, Radiation
- Drug Delivery Systems
- Forecasting
- Humans
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/administration & dosage
- Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments/therapeutic use
- Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin/radiotherapy
- Mice
- Molecular Targeted Therapy
- Neoplasm Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Neoplasms, Experimental/diagnostic imaging
- Neoplasms, Experimental/radiotherapy
- Organ Specificity
- Precision Medicine
- Radiation Tolerance
- Radioimmunotherapy/methods
- Radiopharmaceuticals/administration & dosage
- Radiopharmaceuticals/therapeutic use
- Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Single-Chain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Chain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Single-Domain Antibodies/administration & dosage
- Single-Domain Antibodies/therapeutic use
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/administration & dosage
- Yttrium Radioisotopes/therapeutic use
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Affiliation(s)
- Jordan M. White
- Cancer Biology Graduate Program, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
| | - Freddy E. Escorcia
- Molecular Imaging Branch, Radiation Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20814
| | - Nerissa T. Viola
- Department of Oncology, Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI 48201
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8
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Forsythe NL, Maynard HD. Synthesis of Disulfide-Bridging Trehalose Polymers for Antibody and Fab Conjugation Using a Bis-Sulfone ATRP Initiator. Polym Chem 2021; 12:1217-1223. [PMID: 34211593 PMCID: PMC8240515 DOI: 10.1039/d0py01579b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Antibodies and antigen binding fragments (FABs) are widely used as therapeutics and conjugated polymers can enhance the properties of these important biomolecules. However, limitations to the selectivity and stability of current conjugation methodologies can inhibit the exploration of new antibody-polymer conjugates. Herein, we describe a new strategy for the synthesis of these conjugates that forms a stable thioether bond and can be directly incorporated into an atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) initiator. Specifically, a bis-sulfone alkyl bromide initiator was synthesized and utilized in the activators generated by electron transfer (AGET) ATRP of ethylene glycol methacrylate and trehalose methacrylate to form the respective polymers. The trehalose polymer was then irreversibly inserted into the disulfide bonds of Herceptin and Herceptin FAB after mild reduction to form the conjugates with quantitative conversions as verified by Western Blot and mass spectrometry after cleavage of the polymer. The binding of the Herceptin and Herceptin Fab conjugates to the receptor was investigated by indirect ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) and the EC50's were 0.90 and 2.74 nM, respectively, compared to Herceptin (0.26 nM) and the Fab (0.56 nM). The conjugates were subjected to heating studies at a constant 75 °C, the temperature determined in a heat ramp to be the threshold of stability for the antibody and FAB; the trehalose polymer was found to considerably increase the thermal stability of both Herceptin and Herceptin Fab. This work provides a new way to prepare polymer-antibody/Fab conjugates utilizing bis-sulfone end groups installed by atom transfer radical polymerization of the functionalized initiators and a way to stabilize these important molecules by conjugation to trehalose polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil L. Forsythe
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and
California NanoSystems Institute, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, University of
California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569
| | - Heather D. Maynard
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and
California NanoSystems Institute, 607 Charles E. Young Drive East, University of
California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569
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9
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Grenier L, Beyler M, Closson T, Zabinyakov N, Bouzekri A, Zhang Y, Pichaandi JM, Winnik MA, Liu P, Ornatsky OI, Baranov V, Tripier R. Enabling Indium Channels for Mass Cytometry by Using Reinforced Cyclam-Based Chelating Polylysine. Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:2103-2115. [PMID: 32567844 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.0c00267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a polylysine polymer functionalized with the previously reported astonishingly inert [In(cb-te2pa)]+ chelate was performed. A biotin end group allowed the conjugation to biotinylated beads by the intermediary of a fluorescein isothiocyanate/neutravidin receptor. High quality imaging mass cytometry trials, based on 115In detection were performed to highlight the behavior of the material. Anti-CD20 antibody was labeled by the so-obtained In(III)-modified polylysine using the biotin/neutravidin interaction. Ramos (CD20[+]) and HL-60 (CD20[-]) cell lines were costained with the In(III)-modified bioconjugate by finding the best staining conditions. Both immunofluorescence microscopy (IF-M) and mass cytometry analyses confirmed the specific binding of anti-CD20 onto Ramos cells. CyTOF histograms constructed on the 115In detection allowed us to define and to separate, with a good signal-to-noise ratio, two populations (Ramos and HL-60). The inertness of In(III)-MCP-NAv over a three-month storage period was proved by performing new functionality tests involving Jurkat cells (CD20[-]) and multiparametric trials involving the 115In channel. The results ensure a promising future use of the previously announced [In(cb-te2pa)]+ complex-based polymers for mass cytometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Grenier
- Univ Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29200 BREST, France
| | - Maryline Beyler
- Univ Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29200 BREST, France
| | - Taunia Closson
- Fluidigm Canada Inc., 1380 Rodick Street, Markham, Ontario L3R 4G5, Canada
| | - Nick Zabinyakov
- Fluidigm Canada Inc., 1380 Rodick Street, Markham, Ontario L3R 4G5, Canada
| | - Alexandre Bouzekri
- Fluidigm Canada Inc., 1380 Rodick Street, Markham, Ontario L3R 4G5, Canada
| | - Yefeng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | | | - Mitchell A Winnik
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Peng Liu
- Fluidigm Canada Inc., 1380 Rodick Street, Markham, Ontario L3R 4G5, Canada
| | - Olga I Ornatsky
- Fluidigm Canada Inc., 1380 Rodick Street, Markham, Ontario L3R 4G5, Canada
| | - Vladimir Baranov
- Fluidigm Canada Inc., 1380 Rodick Street, Markham, Ontario L3R 4G5, Canada
| | - Raphaël Tripier
- Univ Brest, UMR-CNRS 6521 CEMCA, 6 Avenue Victor le Gorgeu, 29200 BREST, France
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10
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Synthesis of a metal-chelating polymer with NOTA pendants as a carrier for 64Cu, intended for radioimmunotherapy. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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11
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Yu Q, Roberts MG, Pearce S, Oliver AM, Zhou H, Allen C, Manners I, Winnik MA. Rodlike Block Copolymer Micelles of Controlled Length in Water Designed for Biomedical Applications. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Samuel Pearce
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | - Alex M. Oliver
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
| | | | - Christine Allen
- Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Ian Manners
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqin Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Hou Y, Zhou Y, Wang H, Sun J, Wang R, Sheng K, Yuan J, Hu Y, Chao Y, Liu Z, Lu H. Therapeutic Protein PEPylation: The Helix of Nonfouling Synthetic Polypeptides Minimizes Antidrug Antibody Generation. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2019; 5:229-236. [PMID: 30834311 PMCID: PMC6396190 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.8b00548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Polymer conjugation is a clinically proven approach to generate long acting protein drugs with decreased immune responses. Although poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) is one of the most commonly used conjugation partners due to its unstructured conformation, its therapeutic application is limited by its poor biodegradability, propensity to induce an anti-PEG immune response, and the resultant accelerated blood clearance (ABC) effect. Moreover, the prevailing preference of unstructured polymers for protein conjugation still lacks strong animal data support with appropriate control reagents. By using two biodegradable synthetic polypeptides with similar structural compositions (l-P(EG3Glu) and dl-P(EG3Glu)) for site-specific protein modification, in the current study, we systematically investigate the effect of the polymer conformation on the in vivo pharmacological performances of the resulting conjugates. Our results reveal that the conjugate l20K-IFN, interferon (IFN) modified with the helical polypeptide l-P(EG3Glu) shows improved binding affinity, in vitro antiproliferative activity, and in vivo efficacy compared to those modified with the unstructured polypeptide analogue dl-P(EG3Glu) or PEG. Moreover, l20K-IFN triggered significantly less antidrug and antipolymer antibodies than the other two. Importantly, the unusual findings observed in the IFN series are reproduced in a human growth hormone (GH) conjugate series. Subcutaneously infused l20K-GH, GH modified with l-P(EG3Glu), evokes considerably less anti-GH and antipolymer antibodies compared to those modified with dl-P(EG3Glu) or PEG (dl20K-GH or PEG20K-GH). As a result, repeated injections of dl20K-GH or PEG20K-GH, but not l20K-GH, result in a clear ABC effect and significantly diminished drug availability in the blood. Meanwhile, immature mouse bone marrow cells incubated with the helical l20K-GH exhibit decreased drug uptake and secretion of proinflammatory cytokines compared to those treated with one of the other two GH conjugates bearing unstructured polymers. Taken together, the current study highlights an urgent necessity to systematically reassess the pros and cons of choosing unstructured polymers for protein conjugation. Furthermore, our results also lay the foundation for the development of next-generation biohybrid drugs based on helical synthetic polypeptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqin Hou
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jialing Sun
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruijue Wang
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Kai Sheng
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingsong Yuan
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yali Hu
- Peking-Tsinghua Center
for Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Chao
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation
Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- Institute
of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Collaborative Innovation
Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China
| | - Hua Lu
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science
and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of
Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
- E-mail:
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14
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Tulli LG, Miranda D, Lee CC, Sullivan Y, Grotzfeld R, Hollingworth G, Kneuer R, Karpov AS. Modular synthesis and modification of novel bifunctional dendrons. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:2906-2912. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02988a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The modular synthesis of two generations of highly branched bifunctional dendrons is reported. The first generation dendron–antibody conjugate is shown to selectively detect CD4+ T cells in the PBMC culture.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniela Miranda
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- 4002 Basel
- Switzerland
| | | | - Yang Sullivan
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- Cambridge
- USA
| | - Robert Grotzfeld
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- 4002 Basel
- Switzerland
| | | | - Rainer Kneuer
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- 4002 Basel
- Switzerland
| | - Alexei S. Karpov
- Novartis Institutes for BioMedical Research
- 4002 Basel
- Switzerland
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15
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Cook BE, Membreno R, Zeglis BM. Dendrimer Scaffold for the Amplification of In Vivo Pretargeting Ligations. Bioconjug Chem 2018; 29:2734-2740. [PMID: 29969558 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.8b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
The development of immunoconjugates requires a careful balance between preserving the functionality of the antibody and modifying the immunoglobulin with the desired cargo. Herein, we describe the synthesis, development, and in vivo evaluation of a novel bifunctional dendrimeric scaffold and its application in pretargeted PET imaging. The site-specific modification of the huA33 antibody with this dendrimeric scaffold yields an immunoconjugate-sshuA33-DEN-TCO-decorated with ∼8 trans-cyclooctene (TCO) moieties, a marked increase compared to the ∼2 TCO/mAb of a nondendrimeric control immunoconjugate (sshuA33-PEG12-TCO). Pretargeted PET imaging and biodistribution experiments were used to compare the in vivo performance of these two immunoconjugates in athymic nude mice bearing subcutaneous SW1222 human colorectal cancer xenografts. To this end, the mice were administered 100 μg of each immunoconjugate followed 120 h later by the injection of a tetrazine-bearing radioligand, [64Cu]Cu-SarAr-Tz. Pretargeting with sshuA33-DEN-TCO produced excellent tumoral uptake at 24 h (8.9 ± 1.9 %ID/g), more than double that created by sshuA33-PEG12-TCO (4.1 ± 1.3 %ID/g). Critically-and somewhat surprisingly-the attachment of the G0.5 dendrimeric structures did not hamper the in vivo behavior of the immunoconjugate, suggesting that this versatile bifunctional scaffold may have applications beyond pretargeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendon E Cook
- Department of Chemistry , Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10065 , United States.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry , The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10016 , United States.,Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York 10065 , United States
| | - Rosemery Membreno
- Department of Chemistry , Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10065 , United States.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry , The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10016 , United States
| | - Brian M Zeglis
- Department of Chemistry , Hunter College of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10065 , United States.,Ph.D. Program in Chemistry , The Graduate Center of the City University of New York , New York , New York 10016 , United States.,Department of Radiology , Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center , New York , New York 10065 , United States.,Department of Radiology , Weill Cornell Medical College , New York , New York 10065 , United States
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16
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Dzhardimalieva GI, Uflyand IE. Design Strategies of Metal Complexes Based on Chelating Polymer Ligands and Their Application in Nanomaterials Science. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-018-0841-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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17
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Aghevlian S, Lu Y, Winnik MA, Hedley DW, Reilly RM. Panitumumab Modified with Metal-Chelating Polymers (MCP) Complexed to 111In and 177Lu-An EGFR-Targeted Theranostic for Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:1150-1159. [PMID: 29314858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.7b01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A metal-chelating polymer (MCP) with a polyglutamide (PGlu) backbone presenting on average 13 DOTA (tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid) chelators for complexing 111In or 177Lu and 10 polyethylene glycol (PEG) chains to minimize liver and spleen uptake was conjugated to antiepidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) monoclonal antibody (mAb), panitumumab. Because panitumumab-MCP may be dual-labeled with 111In and 177Lu for SPECT, or radioimmunotherapy (RIT) exploiting the Auger electrons or β-particle emissions, respectively, we propose that panitumumab-MCP could be a useful theranostic agent for EGFR-positive PnCa. Bioconjugation was achieved by reaction of a hydrazine nicotinamide (HyNIC) group on the MCP with an aryl aromatic aldehyde introduced into panitumumab by reaction with succinimidyl-4-formylbenzamide (S-4FB). The conjugation reaction was monitored by measurement of the chromophoric bis-aryl hydrazone bond formed (ε350 nm = 24 500 M-1 cm-1) to achieve two MCPs/panitumumab. Labeling of panitumumab-MCP with 111In or 177Lu demonstrated that masses as small as 0.1 μg were labeled to >90% labeling efficiency (L.E.) and a specific activity (SA) of >70 MBq/μg. Panitumumab-DOTA incorporating two DOTA per mAb was labeled with 111In or 177Lu to a maximum SA of 65 MBq/μg and 46 MBq/μg, respectively. Panitumumab-MCP-177Lu exhibited saturable binding to EGFR-overexpressing MDA-MB-468 human breast cancer cells. The Kd for binding of panitumumab-MCP-177Lu to EGFR (2.2 ± 0.6 nmol/L) was not significantly different than panitumumab-DOTA-177Lu (1.0 ± 0.4 nmol/L). 111In and 177Lu were stably complexed to panitumumab-MCP. Panitumumab-MCP-111In exhibited similar whole body retention (55-60%) as panitumumab-DOTA-111In in NOD-scid mice up to 72 h postinjection (p.i.) and equivalent excretion of radioactivity into the urine and feces. The uptake of panitumumab-MCP-111In in most normal tissues in NOD-scid mice with EGFR-positive PANC-1 human pancreatic cancer (PnCa) xenografts at 72 h p.i. was not significantly different than panitumumab-DOTA-111In, except for the liver which was 3-fold greater for panitumumab-MCP-111In. Tumor uptake of panitumumab-MCP-111In (6.9 ± 1.3%ID/g) was not significantly different than panitumumab-DOTA-11In (6.6 ± 3.3%ID/g). Tumor uptake of panitumumab-MCP-111In and panitumumab-DOTA-111In were reduced by preadministration of excess panitumumab, suggesting EGFR-mediated uptake. Tumor uptake of nonspecific IgG-MCP (5.4 ± 0.3%ID/g) was unexpectedly similar to panitumumab-MCP-111In. An increased hydrodynamic radius of IgG when conjugated to an MCP may encourage tumor uptake via the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Tumor uptake of panitumumab-DOTA-111In was 3.5-fold significantly higher than IgG-DOTA-111In. PANC-1 tumors were imaged by microSPECT/CT at 72 h p.i. of panitumumab-MCP-111In or panitumumab-DOTA-111In. Tumors were not visualized with preadministration of excess panitumumab to block EGFR, or with nonspecific IgG radioimmunoconjugates. We conclude that linking panitumumab to an MCP enabled higher SA labeling with 111In and 177Lu than DOTA-conjugated panitumumab, with preserved EGFR binding in vitro and comparable tumor localization in vivo in mice with s.c. PANC-1 human PnCa xenografts. Normal tissue distribution was similar except for the liver which was higher for the polymer radioimmunoconjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Aghevlian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toronto , 144 College Street , Toronto , ON M5S 3M2 , Canada
| | - Yijie Lu
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , ON M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - Mitchell A Winnik
- Department of Chemistry , University of Toronto , 80 St. George Street , Toronto , ON M5S 3H6 , Canada
| | - David W Hedley
- Department of Medical Oncology, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre , 610 University Avenue , Toronto , ON M5G 2M9 , Canada
| | - Raymond M Reilly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , University of Toronto , 144 College Street , Toronto , ON M5S 3M2 , Canada.,Department of Medical Imaging , University of Toronto , 263 McCaul Street , Toronto , ON M5T 1W7 , Canada.,Toronto General Research Institute and Joint Department of Medical Imaging , University Health Network , 200 Elizabeth Street , Toronto , ON M5G 2C4 , Canada
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18
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Hou Y, Zhou Y, Wang H, Wang R, Yuan J, Hu Y, Sheng K, Feng J, Yang S, Lu H. Macrocyclization of Interferon-Poly(α-amino acid) Conjugates Significantly Improves the Tumor Retention, Penetration, and Antitumor Efficacy. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:1170-1178. [PMID: 29262256 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Cyclization and polymer conjugation are two commonly used approaches for enhancing the pharmacological properties of protein drugs. However, cyclization of parental proteins often only affords a modest improvement in biochemical or cell-based in vitro assays. Moreover, very few studies have included a systematic pharmacological evaluation of cyclized protein-based therapeutics in live animals. On the other hand, polymer-conjugated proteins have longer circulation half-lives but usually show poor tumor penetration and suboptimal pharmacodynamics due to increased steric hindrance. We herein report the generation of a head-to-tail interferon-poly(α-amino acid) macrocycle conjugate circ-P(EG3Glu)20-IFN by combining the aforementioned two approaches. We then compared the antitumor pharmacological activity of this macrocycle conjugate against its linear counterparts, N-P(EG3Glu)20-IFN, C-IFN-P(EG3Glu)20, and C-IFN-PEG. Our results found circ-P(EG3Glu)20-IFN to show considerably greater stability, binding affinity, and in vitro antiproliferative activity toward OVCAR3 cells than the three linear conjugates. More importantly, circ-P(EG3Glu)20-IFN exhibited longer circulation half-life, remarkably higher tumor retention, and deeper tumor penetration in vivo. As a result, administration of the macrocyclic conjugate could effectively inhibit tumor progression and extend survival in mice bearing established xenograft human OVCAR3 or SKOV3 tumors without causing severe paraneoplastic syndromes. Taken together, our study provided until now the most relevant experimental evidence in strong support of the in vivo benefit of macrocyclization of protein-polymer conjugates and for its application in next-generation therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqin Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijue Wang
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities , Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingsong Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yali Hu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China.,Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Sheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Feng
- School of Life Science and Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China , Chengdu 610054, People's Republic of China
| | - Shengtao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest University for Nationalities , Chengdu 610041, People's Republic of China
| | - Hua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University , Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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19
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Liu Z, Li X, Xiao G, Chen B, He M, Hu B. Application of inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in the quantitative analysis of biomolecules with exogenous tags: A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Kascholke C, Loth T, Kohn-Polster C, Möller S, Bellstedt P, Schulz-Siegmund M, Schnabelrauch M, Hacker MC. Dual-Functional Hydrazide-Reactive and Anhydride-Containing Oligomeric Hydrogel Building Blocks. Biomacromolecules 2017; 18:683-694. [PMID: 28125209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.6b01355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Biomimetic hydrogels are advanced biomaterials that have been developed following different synthetic routes. Covalent postfabrication functionalization is a promising strategy to achieve efficient matrix modification decoupled of general material properties. To this end, dual-functional macromers were synthesized by free radical polymerization of maleic anhydride with diacetone acrylamide (N-(1,1-dimethyl-3-oxobutyl)acrylamide) and pentaerythritol diacrylate monostearate. Amphiphilic oligomers (Mn < 7.5 kDa) with anhydride contents of 7-20% offered cross-linking reactivity to yield rigid hydrogels with gelatinous peptides (E = 4-13 kPa) and good cell adhesion properties. Mildly reactive methyl ketones as second functionality remained intact during hydrogel formation and potential of covalent matrix modification was shown using hydrazide and hydrazine model compounds. Successful secondary dihydrazide cross-linking was demonstrated by an increase of hydrogel stiffness (>40%). Efficient hydrazide/hydrazine immobilization depending on solution pH, hydrogel ketone content as well as ligand concentration for bioconjugation was shown and reversibility of hydrazone formation was indicated by physiologically relevant hydrazide release over 7 days. Proof-of-concept experiments with hydrazido-functionalized hyaluronan demonstrated potential for covalent aECM immobilization. The presented dual-functional macromers have perspective as reactive hydrogel building blocks for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Kascholke
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University , Eilenburger Straße 15 a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB/Transregio 67), Matrixengineering, Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Tina Loth
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University , Eilenburger Straße 15 a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB/Transregio 67), Matrixengineering, Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Caroline Kohn-Polster
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University , Eilenburger Straße 15 a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB/Transregio 67), Matrixengineering, Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephanie Möller
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V. , Prüssingstraße 27 b, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB/Transregio 67), Matrixengineering, Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Peter Bellstedt
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich-Schiller University Jena , Humboldtstraße 10, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Michaela Schulz-Siegmund
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University , Eilenburger Straße 15 a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB/Transregio 67), Matrixengineering, Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Matthias Schnabelrauch
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V. , Prüssingstraße 27 b, 07745 Jena, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB/Transregio 67), Matrixengineering, Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
| | - Michael C Hacker
- Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, Leipzig University , Eilenburger Straße 15 a, 04317 Leipzig, Germany.,Collaborative Research Center (SFB/Transregio 67), Matrixengineering, Leipzig and Dresden, Germany
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21
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Lu Y, Boyle AJ, Cao PJ, Hedley D, Reilly RM, Winnik MA. EGFR-Targeted Metal Chelating Polymers (MCPs) Harboring Multiple Pendant PEG2K Chains for MicroPET/CT Imaging of Patient-Derived Pancreatic Cancer Xenografts. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:279-290. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.6b00649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Amanda J. Boyle
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | | | | | - Raymond M. Reilly
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
- Toronto
General Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
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22
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Aghevlian S, Boyle AJ, Reilly RM. Radioimmunotherapy of cancer with high linear energy transfer (LET) radiation delivered by radionuclides emitting α-particles or Auger electrons. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 109:102-118. [PMID: 26705852 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Radioimmunotherapy (RIT) aims to selectively deliver radionuclides emitting α-particles, β-particles or Auger electrons to tumors by conjugation to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) that recognize tumor-associated antigens/receptors. The approach has been most successful for treatment of non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma but challenges have been encountered in extending these promising results to the treatment of solid malignancies. These challenges include the low potency of β-particle emitters such as 131I, 177Lu or 90Y which have been commonly conjugated to the mAbs, due to their low linear energy transfer (LET=0.1-1.0keV/μm). Furthermore, since the β-particles have a 2-10mm range, there has been dose-limiting non-specific toxicity to hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow (BM) due to the cross-fire effect. Conjugation of mAbs to α-particle-emitters (e.g. 225Ac, 213Bi, 212Pb or 211At) or Auger electron-emitters (e.g. 111In, 67Ga, 123I or 125I) would increase the potency of RIT due to their high LET (50-230keV/μm and 4 to 26keV/μm, respectively). In addition, α-particles have a range in tissues of 28-100μm and Auger electrons are nanometer in range which greatly reduces or eliminates the cross-fire effect compared to β-particles, potentially reducing their non-specific toxicity to the BM. In this review, we describe the results of preclinical and clinical studies of RIT of cancer using radioimmunoconjugates emitting α-particles or Auger electrons, and discuss the potential of these high LET forms of radiation to improve the outcome of cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadaf Aghevlian
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda J Boyle
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Raymond M Reilly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Department of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada; Toronto General Research Institute and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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23
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Adumeau P, Sharma SK, Brent C, Zeglis BM. Site-Specifically Labeled Immunoconjugates for Molecular Imaging--Part 1: Cysteine Residues and Glycans. Mol Imaging Biol 2016; 18:1-17. [PMID: 26754790 PMCID: PMC4722084 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-015-0919-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Due to their remarkable selectivity and specificity for cancer biomarkers, immunoconjugates have emerged as extremely promising vectors for the delivery of diagnostic radioisotopes and fluorophores to malignant tissues. Paradoxically, however, these tools for precision medicine are synthesized in a remarkably imprecise way. Indeed, the vast majority of immunoconjugates are created via the random conjugation of bifunctional probes (e.g., DOTA-NCS) to amino acids within the antibody (e.g., lysines). Yet antibodies have multiple copies of these residues throughout their macromolecular structure, making control over the location of the conjugation reaction impossible. This lack of site specificity can lead to the formation of poorly defined, heterogeneous immunoconjugates with suboptimal in vivo behavior. Over the past decade, interest in the synthesis and development of site-specifically labeled immunoconjugates—both antibody-drug conjugates as well as constructs for in vivo imaging—has increased dramatically, and a number of reports have suggested that these better defined, more homogeneous constructs exhibit improved performance in vivo compared to their randomly modified cousins. In this two-part review, we seek to provide an overview of the various methods that have been developed to create site-specifically modified immunoconjugates for positron emission tomography, single photon emission computed tomography, and fluorescence imaging. We will begin with an introduction to the structure of antibodies and antibody fragments. This is followed by the core of the work: sections detailing the four different approaches to site-specific modification strategies based on cysteine residues, glycans, peptide tags, and unnatural amino acids. These discussions will be divided into two installments: cysteine residues and glycans will be detailed in Part 1 of the review, while peptide tags and unnatural amino acids will be addressed in Part 2. Ultimately, we sincerely hope that this review fosters interest and enthusiasm for site-specific immunoconjugates within the nuclear medicine and molecular imaging communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Adumeau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Sai Kiran Sharma
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY10065, NY, USA
| | - Colleen Brent
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA
| | - Brian M Zeglis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Hunter College and the Graduate Center of the City University of New York, 413 East 69th Street, New York, NY, 10021, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY10065, NY, USA.
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24
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Hou Y, Yuan J, Zhou Y, Yu J, Lu H. A Concise Approach to Site-Specific Topological Protein–Poly(amino acid) Conjugates Enabled by in Situ-Generated Functionalities. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:10995-1000. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b05413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingqin Hou
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingsong Yuan
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua Lu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering,
Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education,
College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
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25
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Guo M, Her S, Keunen R, Zhang S, Allen C, Winnik MA. Functionalization of Cellulose Nanocrystals with PEG-Metal-Chelating Block Copolymers via Controlled Conjugation in Aqueous Media. ACS OMEGA 2016; 1:93-107. [PMID: 30023474 PMCID: PMC6044632 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.6b00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/30/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Elongated nanoparticles have recently been shown to have distinct advantages over their spherical counterparts in drug delivery applications. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) have rodlike shapes in nature and have demonstrated biocompatibility in a variety of mammalian cell lines. In this report, CNCs are put forward as a modular platform for the production of multifunctional rod-shaped nanoparticles for cancer imaging and therapy. For the first time, PEGylated metal-chelating polymers containing diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (DTPA) (i.e., mPEG-PGlu(DPTA)18-HyNic and PEG-PGlu(DPTA)25-HyNic) are conjugated to CNCs to enable the chelation of radionuclides for diagnostic and therapeutic applications. The entire conjugation is based on UV/vis-quantifiable bis-aryl hydrazone-bond formation, which allows direct quantification of the polymers grafted onto the CNCs. Moreover, it has been shown that the mean number of polymers grafted per CNC could be controlled. The CNCs are also fluorescently labeled with rhodamine and Alexa Fluor 488 by embedding the probes in the polymer corona. Preliminary evaluation in a human ovarian cancer cell line (HEYA8) demonstrated that these CNCs are nontoxic and their penetration properties can be readily assessed in multicellular tumor spheroids (MCTSs) by optical imaging. These findings provide support for biomedical applications of CNCs, and further in vitro and in vivo studies are warranted to evaluate their potential as imaging and therapeutic agents for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melinda Guo
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Sohyoung Her
- Leslie
Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Rachel Keunen
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
| | - Shengmiao Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- E-mail: (S.Z.)
| | - Christine Allen
- Leslie
Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3M2, Canada
- E-mail: (C.A.)
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Street George Street, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H6, Canada
- E-mail: (M.A.W.)
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26
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Kim JS. Combination Radioimmunotherapy Approaches and Quantification of Immuno-PET. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2016; 50:104-11. [PMID: 27275358 PMCID: PMC4870465 DOI: 10.1007/s13139-015-0392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which play a prominent role in cancer therapy, can interact with specific antigens on cancer cells, thereby enhancing the patient's immune response via various mechanisms, or mAbs can act against cell growth factors and, thereby, arrest the proliferation of tumor cells. Radionuclide-labeled mAbs, which are used in radioimmunotherapy (RIT), are effective for cancer treatment because tumor associated-mAbs linked to cytotoxic radionuclides can selectively bind to tumor antigens and release targeted cytotoxic radiation. Immunological positron emission tomography (immuno-PET), which is the combination of PET with mAb, is an attractive option for improving tumor detection and mAb quantification. However, RIT remains a challenge because of the limited delivery of mAb into tumors. The transport and uptake of mAb into tumors is slow and heterogeneous. The tumor microenvironment contributed to the limited delivery of the mAb. During the delivery process of mAb to tumor, mechanical drug resistance such as collagen distribution or physiological drug resistance such as high intestinal pressure or absence of lymphatic vessel would be the limited factor of mAb delivery to the tumor at a potentially lethal mAb concentration. When α-emitter-labeled mAbs were used, deeper penetration of α-emitter-labeled mAb inside tumors was more important because of the short range of the α emitter. Therefore, combination therapy strategies aimed at improving mAb tumor penetration and accumulation would be beneficial for maximizing their therapeutic efficacy against solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Su Kim
- />Molecular Imaging Research Center, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, 75 Nowon-Gil, Gongneung-Dong, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, 01812 Korea
- />Korea Drug Development Platform using Radio-Isotope(KDePRI), Seoul, Korea
- />Radiologcial and Medico-Oncological Sciences, University of Science and Technology (UST), Seoul, Korea
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27
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He X, Fan J, Wooley KL. Stimuli-Triggered Sol-Gel Transitions of Polypeptides Derived from α-Amino Acid N
-Carboxyanhydride (NCA) Polymerizations. Chem Asian J 2015; 11:437-47. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201500957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xun He
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering; and Materials Science and Engineering; Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Jingwei Fan
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering; and Materials Science and Engineering; Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering; and Materials Science and Engineering; Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions; Texas A&M University; 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77842 USA
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28
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Liu P, Boyle AJ, Lu Y, Adams J, Chi Y, Reilly RM, Winnik MA. Metal-Chelating Polymers (MCPs) with Zwitterionic Pendant Groups Complexed to Trastuzumab Exhibit Decreased Liver Accumulation Compared to Polyanionic MCP Immunoconjugates. Biomacromolecules 2015; 16:3613-23. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Amanda J. Boyle
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College
Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 3M2
| | - Yijie Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Jarrett Adams
- Terrence
Donnelly Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, 160 College Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 3E1
| | - Yuechuan Chi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Raymond M. Reilly
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College
Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5S 3M2
- Department
of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, 263 McCaul Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada M5T1W7
- Toronto
General Research Institute and Joint Department of Medical Imaging, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario Canada, M5G 2M9
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada, M5S 3H6
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29
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Ngo Ndjock Mbong G, Lu Y, Chan C, Cai Z, Liu P, Boyle AJ, Winnik MA, Reilly RM. Trastuzumab Labeled to High Specific Activity with 111In by Site-Specific Conjugation to a Metal-Chelating Polymer Exhibits Amplified Auger Electron-Mediated Cytotoxicity on HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells. Mol Pharm 2015; 12:1951-60. [DOI: 10.1021/mp5007618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghislaine Ngo Ndjock Mbong
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College
Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Yijie Lu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S
3H6, Canada
| | - Conrad Chan
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College
Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Zhongli Cai
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College
Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Peng Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S
3H6, Canada
| | - Amanda J. Boyle
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College
Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
| | - Mitchell A. Winnik
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 St. George Street, Toronto, ON M5S
3H6, Canada
| | - Raymond M. Reilly
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toronto, 144 College
Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada
- Department
of Medical Imaging, University of Toronto, 263 McCaul Street, Toronto, ON M5T
1W7, Canada
- Toronto
General Research Institute, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth
Street, Toronto, ON M5G 2C4, Canada
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30
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Boutureira
- Departament de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili , C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
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31
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Xia X, Li G, Zheng J, Wu J, Kan J. Immune activity of sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) glycoprotein after enzymatic and chemical modifications. Food Funct 2015; 6:2026-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c5fo00314h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Immune activity of SPG-1 after its protein or carbohydrate portions modified by enzymatic or chemical treatments. Note: a and b: P < 0.01 and 0.05 compared with NC group, respectivily; c and d: P < 0.01 and 0.05 compared with untreated group, respectivily.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejuan Xia
- College of Food Science
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- China
| | - Guannan Li
- College of Biotechnology
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- China
| | - Jiong Zheng
- College of Food Science
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing)
| | - Jinsong Wu
- College of Food Science
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- China
| | - Jianquan Kan
- College of Food Science
- Southwest University
- Chongqing 400715
- China
- Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Preservation (Chongqing)
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