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Miwa K, Guo Y, Hata M, Hirano Y, Yamamoto N, Hoshino T. In Silico Identification of Inhibitory Compounds for SARS-Cov-2 Papain-Like Protease. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2023; 71:897-905. [PMID: 38044142 DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c23-00622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Virtual screening with high-performance computers is a powerful and cost-effective technique in drug discovery. A chemical database is searched to find candidate compounds firmly bound to a target protein, judging from the binding poses and/or binding scores. The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-Cov-2) infectious disease has spread worldwide for the last three years, causing severe slumps in economic and social activities. SARS-Cov-2 has two viral proteases: 3-chymotrypsin-like (3CL) and papain-like (PL) protease. While approved drugs have already been released for the 3CL protease, no approved agent is available for PL protease. In this work, we carried out in silico screening for the PL protease inhibitors, combining docking simulation and molecular mechanics calculation. Docking simulations were applied to 8,820 molecules in a chemical database of approved and investigational compounds. Based on the binding poses generated by the docking simulations, molecular mechanics calculations were performed to optimize the binding structures and to obtain the binding scores. Based on the binding scores, 57 compounds were selected for in vitro assay of the inhibitory activity. Five inhibitory compounds were identified from the in vitro measurement. The predicted binding structures of the identified five compounds were examined, and the significant interaction between the individual compound and the protease catalytic site was clarified. This work demonstrates that computational virtual screening by combining docking simulation with molecular mechanics calculation is effective for searching candidate compounds in drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Miwa
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Yan Guo
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
| | - Masayuki Hata
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Matsuyama University
| | | | - Norio Yamamoto
- Department of Virology, Division of Host Defense Mechanism, Tokai University School of Medicine
| | - Tyuji Hoshino
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University
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Discovery of New Ginsenol-Like Compounds with High Antiviral Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26226794. [PMID: 34833886 PMCID: PMC8619001 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
A number of framework amides with a ginsenol backbone have been synthesized using the Ritter reaction. We named the acetamide as Ginsamide. A method was developed for the synthesis of the corresponding amine and thioacetamide. The new compounds revealed a high activity against H1N1 influenza, which was confirmed using an animal model. Biological experiments were performed to determine the mechanism of action of the new agents, a ginsamide-resistant strain of influenza virus was obtained, and the pathogenicity of the resistant strain and the control strain was studied. It was shown that the emergence of resistance to Ginsamide was accompanied by a reduction in the pathogenicity of the influenza virus.
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Tian Z, Gong Q, Huang T, Liu L, Chen T. Practical Electro-Oxidative Sulfonylation of Phenols with Sodium Arenesulfinates Generating Arylsulfonate Esters. J Org Chem 2021; 86:15914-15926. [PMID: 33789426 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
A practical and sustainable synthesis of arylsulfonate esters has been developed through electro-oxidation. This reaction employed the stable and readily available phenols and sodium arenesulfinates as the starting materials and took place under mild reaction conditions without additional oxidants. A wide range of arylsulfonate esters including those bearing functional groups were produced in good to excellent yields. This reaction could also be conducted at a gram scale without a decrease of reaction efficiency. Those results well demonstrated the potential synthetic value of this reaction in organic synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Qihang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tianzeng Huang
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Long Liu
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Tieqiao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Advanced Materials in Tropical Island Resources, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemicals, Hainan Provincial Fine Chemical Engineering Research Center, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
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Kannan S, Shankar R, Kolandaivel P. Insights into structural and inhibitory mechanisms of low pH-induced conformational change of influenza HA2 protein: a computational approach. J Mol Model 2019; 25:99. [PMID: 30904969 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-019-3982-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 03/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Though oseltamivir and zanamivir are the active anti-influenza drugs, the emergence of different strains of influenza A virus with mutations creates drug-resistance to these drugs. Therefore, it is essential to find a suitable approach to stop the viral infection. The present study focuses on understanding the conformational changes of the HA2 protein at different pH levels (pH 7, pH 6, pH 5) and on blocking the low pH-induced conformational changes of the HA2 protein with a suitable ligand using molecular docking and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation methods. As the pH value decreases to pH 5, the protein undergoes large conformational changes with less stability in the order of pH 7 > pH 6 > pH 5. The fusion peptide (residues 1-20) and the extended loop (residues 58-75) deviate more at pH 5. The ligand stachyflin bound between the N- and C-terminal helix regions retains the stability of the HA2 protein at pH 5 and blocks the low pH-induced conformational transition. The performance of stachyflin is increased when it directly interacts with residues at the intramonomer binding site rather than the intermonomer binding site. The susceptibility of the HA2 protein of different subtypes to stachyflin is in the order of H1 > H7 > H5 > H2 > H3. Stachflin has a higher binding affinity for H1 (at pH 7, pH 6, pH 5) and H7 subtypes than others. Lys47, Lys58, and Glu103 are the key residues that favor the binding and highly stabilize the HA2 protein at low pH. Graphical abstract Low pH-induced conformational change of influenza HA2 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Kannan
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - R Shankar
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India
| | - P Kolandaivel
- Department of Physics, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, 641 046, India. .,Periyar University, Salem, 636 011, India.
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5
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Analysis of Physicochemical Interaction of Aβ40 with a GM1 Ganglioside-Containing Lipid Membrane. J Phys Chem B 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b00139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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6
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Cho E, Kim M, Jayaraman A, Kim J, Lee S. Synthesis of α,α-Dichloroketones through Sequential Reaction of Decarboxylative Coupling and Chlorination. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201701640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eunjeong Cho
- Department of Chemistry; Chonnam National University; 61186 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Myungjin Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Chonnam National University; 61186 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Aravindan Jayaraman
- Department of Chemistry; Chonnam National University; 61186 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Jimin Kim
- Department of Chemistry; Chonnam National University; 61186 Gwangju Republic of Korea
| | - Sunwoo Lee
- Department of Chemistry; Chonnam National University; 61186 Gwangju Republic of Korea
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A modular synthesis of tetracyclic meroterpenoid antibiotics. Nat Commun 2017; 8:2083. [PMID: 29234008 PMCID: PMC5727219 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-017-02061-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Stachyflin, aureol, smenoqualone, strongylin A, and cyclosmenospongine belong to a family of tetracyclic meroterpenoids, which, by nature of their unique molecular structures and various biological properties, have attracted synthetic and medicinal chemists alike. Despite their obvious biosynthetic relationship, only scattered reports on the synthesis and biological investigation of individual meroterpenoids have appeared so far. Herein, we report a highly modular synthetic strategy that enabled the synthesis of each of these natural products and 15 non-natural derivatives. The route employs an auxiliary-controlled Diels-Alder reaction to enable the enantioselective construction of the decalin subunit, which is connected to variously substituted arenes by either carbonyl addition chemistry or sterically demanding sp2-sp3 cross-coupling reactions. The selective installation of either the cis- or trans-decalin stereochemistry is accomplished by an acid-mediated cyclization/isomerization reaction. Biological profiling reveals that strongylin A and a simplified derivative thereof have potent antibiotic activity against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.
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Nishiyama K. Exploration of peptides that fit into the thermally vibrating active site of cathepsin K protease by alternating artificial intelligence and molecular simulation. Chem Phys Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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9
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Yan L, Zhang L, Zhang Y, Qiao X, Pan J, Liu H, Lu S, Xiang B, Lu T, Yuan H. Insight into the key features for ligand binding in Y1230 mutated c-Met kinase domain by molecular dynamics simulations. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2017; 36:2015-2031. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2017.1340852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Libo Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yanmin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Xin Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Jing Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Haichun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Shuai Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Bingren Xiang
- Center for instrument analysis, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Tao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
| | - Haoliang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Disease and Laboratory of Molecular Design and Drug Discovery, China Pharmaceutical University, 24 Tongjiaxiang, Nanjing 210009, P.R. China
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Igarashi M. [Antiviral Drugs Targeting Influenza Virus Surface Proteins: A Computational Structural Biology Approach]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2016; 135:1015-21. [PMID: 26329546 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.15-00175-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
For the prevention and control of infectious viral diseases, vaccines and antiviral drugs targeting viral proteins are of great importance. Amino acid substitutions in viral proteins occasionally cause the emergence of antibody-escape and drug-resistant mutants. With regard to this, we have studied the proteins of several viruses, especially the influenza A virus, by using techniques of computational chemistry and biology such as molecular modeling, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulations. Influenza A virus is a zoonotic pathogen that is transmitted from animals to humans. This virus has two surface glycoproteins, hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA). The HA of influenza viruses plays a key role in the initiation of viral infection. And HA is also the major target of antibodies that neutralize viral infectivity. Some amino acid substitutions in the antigenic epitope on HA could decrease the interaction between HA and antibodies, leading to the generation of antigenic variants with novel antigenic structures of HA. In addition, HA protein seems to be a favorable target for anti-influenza drugs, but effective HA inhibitors have not been developed due to the emergence of drug-resistant viruses with amino acid substitutions on the HA. To understand how amino acid substitutions affect changes in drug susceptibility, we have been computationally analyzing the three-dimensional structures of influenza virus proteins. In this paper, we review the results obtained through our current analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manabu Igarashi
- Division of Global Epidemiology, Hokkaido University Research Center for Zoonosis Control
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11
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Decision tree for the binding of dipeptides to the thermally fluctuating surface of cathepsin K. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.01.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Structural and computational study on inhibitory compounds for endonuclease activity of influenza virus polymerase. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:5466-75. [PMID: 26252962 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.07.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal epidemics and occasional pandemics caused by influenza viruses are global threats to humans. Since the efficacy of currently approved drugs is limited by the emerging resistance of the viruses, the development of new antiviral drugs is still demanded. Endonuclease activity, which lies in the influenza polymerase acidic protein N-terminal domain (PA(N)), is a potent target for novel antiviral agents. Here, we report the identification of some novel inhibitors for PA(N) endonuclease activity. The binding mode of one of the inhibitory compounds to PA(N) was investigated in detail by means of X-ray crystal structure analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation. It was observed in the crystal structure that three molecules of the same kind of inhibitor were bound to one PA(N). One of the three molecules is located at the active site and makes a chelation to metal ions. Another molecule is positioned at the space adjacent to the metal-chelated site. The other molecule is located at a site slightly apart from the metal-chelated site, causing a conformational change of Arg124. The last binding site was not observed in previous crystallographic studies. Hence, the stability of inhibitor binding was examined by performing 100-ns MD simulation. During the MD simulation, the three inhibitor molecules fluctuated at the respective binding sites at different amplitudes, while all of the molecules maintained interactions with the protein. Molecular mechanics/generalized Born surface area (MM/GBSA) analysis suggested that the molecule in the last binding site has a higher affinity than the others. Structural information obtained in this study will provide a hint for designing and developing novel potent agents against influenza viruses.
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Dependence of glycine peptide behavior on thermal fluctuations on the surface of cathepsin K. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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14
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Sun L, Tian F, Feng B, Liu Z, Zhang L, Pei J. Computational Identification of a New Binding Site in Influenza Virus Hemagglutinin for Membrane Fusion Inhibitors. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 82:267-74. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Feng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Baosheng Feng
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
| | - Zhenming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Liangren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | - Jianfeng Pei
- Center for Quantitative Biology; AAIS; Peking University; Beijing 100871 China
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Hoshino T, Mahmood MI, Mori K, Matsuzaki K. Binding and Aggregation Mechanism of Amyloid β-Peptides onto the GM1 Ganglioside-Containing Lipid Membrane. J Phys Chem B 2013; 117:8085-94. [DOI: 10.1021/jp4029062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tyuji Hoshino
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Md. Iqbal Mahmood
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mori
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Chiba University, Inohana 1-8-1,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Katsumi Matsuzaki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto
606-8501, Japan
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Motohashi Y, Igarashi M, Okamatsu M, Noshi T, Sakoda Y, Yamamoto N, Ito K, Yoshida R, Kida H. Antiviral activity of stachyflin on influenza A viruses of different hemagglutinin subtypes. Virol J 2013; 10:118. [PMID: 23587221 PMCID: PMC3648499 DOI: 10.1186/1743-422x-10-118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 04/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The hemagglutinin (HA) of influenza viruses is a possible target for antiviral drugs because of its key roles in the initiation of infection. Although it was found that a natural compound, Stachyflin, inhibited the growth of H1 and H2 but not H3 influenza viruses in MDCK cells, inhibitory activity of the compound has not been assessed against H4-H16 influenza viruses and the precise mechanism of inhibition has not been clarified. Methods Inhibitory activity of Stachyflin against H4-H16 influenza viruses, as well as H1-H3 viruses was examined in MDCK cells. To identify factors responsible for the susceptibility of the viruses to this compound, Stachyflin-resistant viruses were selected in MDCK cells and used for computer docking simulation. Results It was found that in addition to antiviral activity of Stachyflin against influenza viruses of H1 and H2 subtypes, it inhibited replication of viruses of H5 and H6 subtypes, as well as A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in MDCK cells. Stachyflin also inhibited the virus growth in the lungs of mice infected with A/WSN/1933 (H1N1) and A/chicken/Ibaraki/1/2005 (H5N2). Substitution of amino acid residues was found on the HA2 subunit of Stachyflin-resistant viruses. Docking simulation indicated that D37, K51, T107, and K121 are responsible for construction of the cavity for the binding of the compound. In addition, 3-dimensional structure of the cavity of the HA of Stachyflin-susceptible virus strains was different from that of insusceptible virus strains. Conclusion Antiviral activity of Stachyflin was found against A(H1N1)pdm09, H5, and H6 viruses, and identified a potential binding pocket for Stachyflin on the HA. The present results should provide us with useful information for the development of HA inhibitors with more effective and broader spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yurie Motohashi
- Department of Disease Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
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Nishiyama K. Local fluctuation control of papain by changing a highly fluctuating residue. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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