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Wang XH, Liu X, Xue YW, Wei XH, Wang YB, Su Q. Acid-Promoted Multicomponent Reaction To Synthesize 4-Phosphorylated 4 H-Chromenes. J Org Chem 2024; 89:8531-8536. [PMID: 38838346 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
An effective multicomponent reaction for the synthesis of 4-phosphorylated 4H-chromenes via a tandem phosphorylation/alkylation/cyclization/dehydration sequence with water as the only byproduct was developed. Extensive mechanistic investigations involving in situ NMR experiments, time control experiments, and in situ HRMS experiment allowed us to elucidate the order of each subreaction to arrive at a complete understanding of the underlying mechanism of this multicomponent reaction. Mechanistic data confirm that the reaction begins with a phospha-aldol-elimination, followed by addition of a ketone enolate, intermolecular alkylation, intramolecular cyclization, and dehydration under acidic conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Hong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No. 1, Northwest Xincun, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No. 1, Northwest Xincun, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Ya-Wen Xue
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No. 1, Northwest Xincun, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No. 1, Northwest Xincun, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Yan-Bin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No. 1, Northwest Xincun, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
| | - Qiong Su
- Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials of the State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Key Laboratory for Utility of Environment-Friendly Composite Materials and Biomass in University of Gansu Province, Gansu Provincial Biomass Function Composites Engineering Research Center, College of Chemical Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, No. 1, Northwest Xincun, Lanzhou, 730030, P. R. China
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2
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Guo W, Wang M, Yang Z, Liu D, Ma B, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Hu Y. Recent advances in small molecule and peptide inhibitors of glucose-regulated protein 78 for cancer therapy. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 261:115792. [PMID: 37690265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) is one of key endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone proteins that regulates the unfolded protein response (UPR) to maintain ER homeostasis. As a core factor in the regulation of the UPR, GRP78 takes a critical part in the cellular processes required for tumorigenesis, such as proliferation, metastasis, anti-apoptosis, immune escape and chemoresistance. Overexpression of GRP78 is closely correlated with tumorigenesis and poor prognosis in various malignant tumors. Targeting GRP78 is regarded as a potentially promising therapeutic strategy for cancer therapy. Although none of the GRP78 inhibitors have been approved to date, there have been several studies of GRP78 inhibitors. Herein, we comprehensively review the structure, physiological functions of GRP78 and the recent progress of GRP78 inhibitors, and discuss the structures, in vitro and in vivo efficacies, and merits and demerits of these inhibitors to inspire further research. Additionally, the feasibility of GRP78-targeting proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs), disrupting GRP78 cochaperone interactions, or covalent inhibition are also discussed as novel strategies for drugs discovery targeting GRP78, with the hope that these strategies can provide new opportunities for targeted GRP78 antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weikai Guo
- The Jointed National Laboratory of Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Manjie Wang
- The Jointed National Laboratory of Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Zhengfan Yang
- The Jointed National Laboratory of Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Danyang Liu
- The Jointed National Laboratory of Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Borui Ma
- The Jointed National Laboratory of Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yanqun Zhao
- The Jointed National Laboratory of Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Yihua Chen
- Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Genome Editing and Cell Therapy, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, The Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Yanzhong Hu
- The Jointed National Laboratory of Antibody Drug Engineering, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China.
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3
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Wen Z, Yang KC, Zheng SL, Zhang YS, Wang SJ, Ni HL, Chen L. Tandem phospha-Michael addition/cyclization/dehydration of 2-hydroxychalcones with H-phosphine oxides for the synthesis of 4-phosphorylated 4 H-chromenes. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:9076-9081. [PMID: 37941412 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01562a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
A Hg(OTf)2-catalyzed tandem phospha-Michael addition/cyclization/dehydration of 2-hydroxychalcones with H-phosphine oxides is presented. This protocol provides a new and supplementary approach for the preparation of 4-phosphorylated 4H-chromenes in good yields (up to 99%). In addition, this domino reaction allows the successful construction of two new C-P and C-O bonds in a one-pot operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong Wen
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610016, P. R. China.
| | - Kai-Cheng Yang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610016, P. R. China.
| | - Shi-Lu Zheng
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610016, P. R. China.
| | - Yu-Shan Zhang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610016, P. R. China.
| | - Sheng-Jun Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610016, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Liang Ni
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Sichuan Normal University, 5 Jing An Road, Chengdu 610066, P. R. China
| | - Long Chen
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, 2025 Chengluo Avenue, Chengdu 610016, P. R. China.
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Chronic exposure to the gibberellin derivative GA-13315 sensitizes breast cancer MCF-7 cells but not colon cancer HCT116 cells to irinotecan. Oncol Lett 2020; 20:281. [PMID: 33014159 PMCID: PMC7520751 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2020.12144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
13-Chlorine-3,15-dioxy-gibberellic acid methyl ester (GA-13315) is a gibberellin derivative that exhibits selective cytotoxicity to multidrug resistant MCF-7/ADR cells and reverses drug resistance when administered at subtoxic doses in combination with chemotherapy drugs. The present study aimed to investigate the impact of chronic GA-13315 exposure on the chemosensitivity of MCF-7 and HCT116 cell lines. Cells were administered a subtoxic dose of 1 µM GA-13315 for 12 weeks and the sensitivity of the cells to GA-13315, irinotecan and cisplatin, was assessed. The Cell Counting Kit-8 assay results demonstrated that the chronic exposure did not induce resistance to GA-13315, in either MCF-7 or HCT116 cells. Notably, MCF-7 cells were sensitized to irinotecan following exposure to GA-13315; however, HCT116 cells were not. The sensitizing effect of GA-13315 was associated with the alterations of topoisomerase 1 (Top1) protein expression, tyrosyl DNA phosphodiesterase 1 and checkpoint kinase 1. Further analysis indicated that GA-13315 caused DNA fragmentation; however, DNA damage was not mediated by a Top1-dependent molecular mechanism, as GA-13315 was revealed not to be a Top1 poison, despite inhibiting the catalytic activity of Top1. Taken together, the results of the present study indicated that GA-13315 may be used for sensitizing MCF-7 cells to irinotecan, as the chronic exposure of GA-13315 to MCF-7 cells still showed sensitizing effects to irinotecan.
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Almasi S, El Hiani Y. Exploring the Therapeutic Potential of Membrane Transport Proteins: Focus on Cancer and Chemoresistance. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12061624. [PMID: 32575381 PMCID: PMC7353007 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12061624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 06/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Improving the therapeutic efficacy of conventional anticancer drugs represents the best hope for cancer treatment. However, the shortage of druggable targets and the increasing development of anticancer drug resistance remain significant problems. Recently, membrane transport proteins have emerged as novel therapeutic targets for cancer treatment. These proteins are essential for a plethora of cell functions ranging from cell homeostasis to clinical drug toxicity. Furthermore, their association with carcinogenesis and chemoresistance has opened new vistas for pharmacology-based cancer research. This review provides a comprehensive update of our current knowledge on the functional expression profile of membrane transport proteins in cancer and chemoresistant tumours that may form the basis for new cancer treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shekoufeh Almasi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON KIH 8M5, Canada;
| | - Yassine El Hiani
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS B3H 4R2, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Bian T, Tagmount A, Vulpe C, Vijendra KC, Xing C. CXL146, a Novel 4 H-Chromene Derivative, Targets GRP78 to Selectively Eliminate Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Cells. Mol Pharmacol 2020; 97:402-408. [PMID: 32276963 DOI: 10.1124/mol.119.118745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2019] [Accepted: 03/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78), an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone, is a master regulator of the ER stress. A number of studies revealed that high levels of GRP78 protein in cancer cells confer multidrug resistance (MDR) to therapeutic treatment. Therefore, drug candidate that reduces GRP78 may represent a novel approach to eliminate MDR cancer cells. Our earlier studies showed that a set of 4H-chromene derivatives induced selective cytotoxicity in MDR cancer cells. In the present study, we elucidated its selective mechanism in four MDR cancer cell lines with one lead candidate (CXL146). Cytotoxicity results confirmed the selective cytotoxicity of CXL146 toward the MDR cancer cell lines. We noted significant overexpression of GRP78 in all four MDR cell lines compared with the parental cell lines. Unexpectedly, CXL146 treatment rapidly and dose-dependently reduced GRP78 protein in MDR cancer cell lines. Using human leukemia (HL) 60/mitoxantrone (MX) 2 cell line as the model, we demonstrated that CXL146 treatment activated the unfolded protein response (UPR); as evidenced by the activation of inositol-requiring enzyme 1α, protein kinase R-like ER kinase, and activating transcription factor 6. CXL146-induced UPR activation led to a series of downstream events, including extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase activation, which contributed to CXL146-induced apoptosis. Targeted reduction in GRP78 resulted in reduced sensitivity of HL60/MX2 toward CXL146. Long-term sublethal CXL146 exposure also led to reduction in GRP78 in HL60/MX2. These data collectively support GRP78 as the target of CXL146 in MDR treatment. Interestingly, HL60/MX2 upon long-term sublethal CXL146 exposure regained sensitivity to mitoxantrone treatment. Therefore, further exploration of CXL146 as a novel therapy in treating MDR cancer cells is warranted. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Multidrug resistance is one major challenge to cancer treatment. This study provides evidence that cancer cells overexpress 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78) as a mechanism to acquire resistance to standard cancer therapies. A chromene-based small molecule, CXL146, selectively eliminates cancer cells with GRP78 overexpression via activating unfolded protein response-mediated apoptosis. Further characterization indicates that CXL146 and standard therapies complementarily target different populations of cancer cells, supporting the potential of CXL146 to overcome multidrug resistance in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (T.B., K.C.V., C.X.) and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (A.T., C.V.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; and Department of Chemistry, Government College for Women Mandya, University of Mysore, Karnataka, India (K.C.V.)
| | - Abderrahmane Tagmount
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (T.B., K.C.V., C.X.) and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (A.T., C.V.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; and Department of Chemistry, Government College for Women Mandya, University of Mysore, Karnataka, India (K.C.V.)
| | - Christopher Vulpe
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (T.B., K.C.V., C.X.) and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (A.T., C.V.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; and Department of Chemistry, Government College for Women Mandya, University of Mysore, Karnataka, India (K.C.V.)
| | - Kavitha Chandagirikoppal Vijendra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (T.B., K.C.V., C.X.) and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (A.T., C.V.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; and Department of Chemistry, Government College for Women Mandya, University of Mysore, Karnataka, India (K.C.V.)
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy (T.B., K.C.V., C.X.) and Department of Physiological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine (A.T., C.V.), University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida; and Department of Chemistry, Government College for Women Mandya, University of Mysore, Karnataka, India (K.C.V.)
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7
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Ali TE, Assiri MA, El-Shaaer HM, Hassan MM, Fouda AM, Hassanin NM. Reaction of 2-imino-2H-chromene-3-carboxamide with some phosphorus esters: Synthesis of some novel chromenes containing phosphorus heterocycles and phosphonate groups and their antioxidant and cytotoxicity properties. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2019.1652323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tarik E. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed A. Assiri
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Research Center for Advanced Materials Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hafez M. El-Shaaer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Hassan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Fouda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noha M. Hassanin
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
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8
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Cong H, Zhao X, Castle BT, Pomeroy EJ, Zhou B, Lee J, Wang Y, Bian T, Miao Z, Zhang W, Sham YY, Odde DJ, Eckfeldt CE, Xing C, Zhuang C. An Indole-Chalcone Inhibits Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Cell Growth by Targeting Microtubules. Mol Pharm 2018; 15:3892-3900. [PMID: 30048137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.8b00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance and toxic side effects are the major challenges in cancer treatment with microtubule-targeting agents (MTAs), and thus, there is an urgent clinical need for new therapies. Chalcone, a common simple scaffold found in many natural products, is widely used as a privileged structure in medicinal chemistry. We have previously validated tubulin as the anticancer target for chalcone derivatives. In this study, an α-methyl-substituted indole-chalcone (FC77) was synthesized and found to exhibit an excellent cytotoxicity against the NCI-60 cell lines (average concentration causing 50% growth inhibition = 6 nM). More importantly, several multidrug-resistant cancer cell lines showed no resistance to FC77, and the compound demonstrated good selective toxicity against cancer cells versus normal CD34+ blood progenitor cells. A further mechanistic study demonstrated that FC77 could arrest cells that relate to the binding to tubulin and inhibit the microtubule dynamics. The National Cancer Institute COMPARE analysis and molecular modeling indicated that FC77 had a mechanism of action similar to that of colchicine. Overall, our data demonstrate that this indole-chalcone represents a novel MTA template for further development of potential drug candidates for the treatment of multidrug-resistant cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Cong
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , China
| | - Xinghua Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States.,College of Veterinary Medicine , Hebei Agricultural University , Baoding , China
| | - Brian T Castle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Emily J Pomeroy
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - John Lee
- Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology and Biophysics , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Tengfei Bian
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Zhenyuan Miao
- School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Wannian Zhang
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , China.,School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yuk Yin Sham
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - David J Odde
- Department of Biomedical Engineering , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Craig E Eckfeldt
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology, Oncology, and Transplantation , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Chengguo Xing
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry , University of Florida , Gainesville , Florida 32611 , United States
| | - Chunlin Zhuang
- School of Pharmacy , Ningxia Medical University , Yinchuan , China.,School of Pharmacy , Second Military Medical University , Shanghai , China
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9
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Bian T, Chandagirikoppal Vijendra K, Wang Y, Meacham A, Hati S, Cogle CR, Sun H, Xing C. Exploring the Structure-Activity Relationship and Mechanism of a Chromene Scaffold (CXL Series) for Its Selective Antiproliferative Activity toward Multidrug-Resistant Cancer Cells. J Med Chem 2018; 61:6892-6903. [PMID: 29995404 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.8b00813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Multidrug resistance (MDR) is one major barrier in cancer management, which urges for new drugs to help treat MDR malignancies and elucidate MDR mechanisms. A series of chromene compounds (the CXL series) demonstrate increased antiproliferative activity toward MDR acute-myeloid-leukemia (AML) cells. The structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the antiproliferative potency has been partly characterized, whereas the structural determinants contributing to selectivity have not been investigated. In this study, three series of CXL compounds were synthesized and evaluated in HL60 and HL60/MX2 leukemia cells. The results not only confirmed previous SAR studies but also, for the first time, provided structural insights into the selectivity for MDR HL60/MX2 cells. Using the lead compounds as probes, we demonstrated that their modulation of intracellular-calcium homeostasis results in their antiproliferative potency and selectivity. Three candidates also demonstrate excellent in vitro safety profiles between cancer cells and normal cells, which will be evaluated in vivo in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Haifeng Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy , University of Minnesota , Minneapolis , Minnesota 55455 , United States
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10
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Sreenivasulu C, Satyanarayana G. Zinc-Chloride-Promoted Domino Reaction of Phenols with Terminal Alkynes under Solvent-Free Conditions: An Efficient Synthesis of Chromenes. European J Org Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201800391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Gedu Satyanarayana
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Hyderabad; 502 285 Kandi, Sangareddy Telangana India
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11
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Banerjee B. Bismuth(III) triflate: An Efficient Catalyst for the Synthesis of Diverse Biologically Relevant Heterocycles. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bubun Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry; Indus International University, V.P.O. Bathu, Distt. Una; Himachal Pradesh- 174301 India
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12
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Pandey K, Saroj, Choudhary S, Kumar A. A Facile and Convenient Synthesis of Chromenes using Reusable Sulfonic Acid Functionalized Imidazolium Salt. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201700928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Khima Pandey
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani; Pilani 333031 Rajasthan India
| | - Saroj
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani; Pilani 333031 Rajasthan India
| | - Sunita Choudhary
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani; Pilani 333031 Rajasthan India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani; Pilani 333031 Rajasthan India
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13
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Puppala M, Zhao X, Casemore D, Zhou B, Aridoss G, Narayanapillai S, Xing C. 4H-Chromene-based anticancer agents towards multi-drug resistant HL60/MX2 human leukemia: SAR at the 4th and 6th positions. Bioorg Med Chem 2016; 24:1292-7. [PMID: 26867486 PMCID: PMC6131690 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.01.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2015] [Revised: 01/22/2016] [Accepted: 01/29/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
4H-Chromene-based compounds, for example, CXL017, CXL035, and CXL055, have a unique anticancer potential that they selectively kill multi-drug resistant cancer cells. Reported herein is the extended structure-activity relationship (SAR) study, focusing on the ester functional group at the 4th position and the conformation at the 6th position. Sharp SARs were observed at both positions with respect to cellular cytotoxic potency and selectivity between the parental HL60 and the multi-drug resistant HL60/MX2 cells. These results provide critical guidance for future medicinal optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manohar Puppala
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Xinghua Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Agricultural University of Hebei, Baoding, Hebei 071001, People's Republic of China
| | - Denise Casemore
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Gopalakrishnan Aridoss
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; LG Life Sciences Ltd, 104-1, Munji-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 305-380, South Korea
| | - Sreekanth Narayanapillai
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Chengguo Xing
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 2231 6th Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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14
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Rao VK, Kaswan P, Parang K, Kumar A. Indium triflate catalyzed microwave-assisted alkenylation of methoxyphenols: synthesis of indenes and chromenes. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:11072-11077. [PMID: 26395017 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob01734c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
In(OTf)3 catalyzed microwave-assisted alkenylation of methoxyphenols was investigated. Exclusive formation of either indenes or chromenes was observed depending on the position of the methoxy group on phenol. The structures of 1H-inden-4-ol derivatives (4a-e) and 4H-chromene derivatives (5a-j) were established by NMR ((1)H & (13)C) and high-resolution mass spectra, which were further supported by single crystal X-ray analysis of 4c and 5a.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Kameswara Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Birla Institute of Technology and Science, Pilani, 333031, Rajasthan, India.
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15
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Dubois C, Prevarskaya N, Vanden Abeele F. The calcium-signaling toolkit: Updates needed. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2015; 1863:1337-43. [PMID: 26658643 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2015.11.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Revised: 11/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we review the role of Ca(2+) in apoptosis, namely that ER Ca(2+) depletion or a sustained elevation of cytosolic or mitochondrial Ca(2+) concentration are sufficient to trigger apoptosis. These concepts have emerged by the use of ER stressor agents that decrease the ER Ca(2+) pool by inhibiting SERCA pumps. However, aside from their well-known actions on Ca(2+) homeostasis disruption leading to apoptosis, new evidence show that some ER Ca(2+) modulators have significant implications in other Ca(2+)-mediated or Ca(2+)-independent pathways determining cell fate suggesting a more complex regulation of apoptosis by intracellular Ca(2+). Here, we discuss the crucial interplay between Ca(2+) mediated apoptosis, the Unfold Protein Response and autophagy determining cell fate, and the molecular compounds that have been used to depict these pathways. This review of the literature clearly shows the need for new inhibitors that do not interfere concomitantly with autophagy and Ca(2+) signaling. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Calcium and Cell Fate. Guest Editors: Jacques Haiech, Claus Heizmann, Joachim Krebs, Thierry Capiod and Olivier Mignen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Dubois
- Inserm U1003, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, SIRIC ONCOLille, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (USTL), Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59650 France, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, France
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- Inserm U1003, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, SIRIC ONCOLille, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (USTL), Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59650 France, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, France
| | - Fabien Vanden Abeele
- Inserm U1003, Equipe labellisée par la Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, SIRIC ONCOLille, Université des Sciences et Technologies de Lille (USTL), Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59650 France, Laboratory of Excellence, Ion Channels Science and Therapeutics, France
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16
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Klukovits A, Krajcsi P. Mechanisms and therapeutic potential of inhibiting drug efflux transporters. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2015; 11:907-20. [DOI: 10.1517/17425255.2015.1028917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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17
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A rapid and sensitive UPLC–MS/MS method for determination of HZ08 in rat plasma and tissues: Application to a pharmacokinetic study of liposome injections. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 102:246-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.09.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Revised: 08/28/2014] [Accepted: 09/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Bi(OTf)3-catalyzed tandem reaction of naphthols with β,γ-unsaturated α-ketoesters. Efficient synthesis of functionalized 4H-chromenes. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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19
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Szakács G, Hall MD, Gottesman MM, Boumendjel A, Kachadourian R, Day BJ, Baubichon-Cortay H, Di Pietro A. Targeting the Achilles heel of multidrug-resistant cancer by exploiting the fitness cost of resistance. Chem Rev 2014; 114:5753-74. [PMID: 24758331 PMCID: PMC4059772 DOI: 10.1021/cr4006236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gergely Szakács
- Institute of Enzymology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences , Magyar tudósok körútja 2, Budapest 1117, Hungary
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20
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Li HJ, Deng K, Luo DH, Liu DH, Wang JL, Lin CH, Wu YC. Synthesis of functional 4H-chromenes from phenols and acetophenones under solvent- and metal-free conditions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra03950e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfuric-acid-promoted tandem reaction of phenols with acetophenones under solvent- and metal-free conditions has been developed, which afforded functional 4H-chromenes in good yields with water as the side product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Jing Li
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Shandong 264209, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)
- and Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function
| | - Kai Deng
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Shandong 264209, China
| | - Dong-Hui Luo
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Shandong 264209, China
| | - De-Hui Liu
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Shandong 264209, China
| | - Jun-Li Wang
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Shandong 264209, China
| | - Chun-Hua Lin
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Shandong 264209, China
| | - Yan-Chao Wu
- School of Marine Science and Technology
- Harbin Institute of Technology at Weihai
- Shandong 264209, China
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21
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Bleeker NP, Cornea RL, Thomas DD, Xing C. A novel SERCA inhibitor demonstrates synergy with classic SERCA inhibitors and targets multidrug-resistant AML. Mol Pharm 2013; 10:4358-66. [PMID: 24079514 DOI: 10.1021/mp400458u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance exists as a major obstacle in the treatment of cancer, and drug molecules that retain effectiveness against resistant cancers are a high clinical priority. Ethyl 2-amino-6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate (CXL017) was recently identified as a promising lead for the treatment of multidrug-resistant leukemia, which elicits its cytotoxic effect, in part, through inhibition of the sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA). Herein initial experiments with SERCA1a and CXL017 demonstrated no significant effect on calcium affinity, competed with ATP, and induced a dose-dependent decrease in ATPase activity. Among all CXLs tested, (-)-CXL017 exhibited the greatest SERCA inhibition with an IC50 = 13.5 ± 0.5 μM. Inhibitor combination studies were used to assess potential interactions between (-)-CXL017 and well-known SERCA inhibitors: thapsigargin, cyclopiazonic acid, and 2,5-di-tert-butylhydroquinone. Surprisingly, (-)-CXL017 exhibited marked synergy with each of the known SERCA inhibitors, whereas all combinations of the known inhibitors yielded additive effects, indicating that (-)-CXL017 may bind at a unique allosteric site. Treatment of parental (HL60) and multidrug-resistant (HL60/MX2) acute myeloid leukemia cells with the known SERCA inhibitors revealed that all of these inhibitors demonstrate selective cytotoxicity (7.7-400-fold) for the resistant cell line. Within the CXL series, a positive correlation exists between SERCA inhibition and cytotoxicity in HL60/MX2 but not HL60. (-)-CXL017 was also shown to enhance the cytotoxicity of thapsigargin in HL60/MX2 cells. Given the elevated SERCA levels and ER calcium content in HL60/MX2, SERCA likely plays a significant role in the collateral sensitivity of this multidrug-resistance cell line to CXL molecules as well as known SERCA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas P Bleeker
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 2231 Sixth St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Hermanson DL, Das SG, Li Y, Xing C. Overexpression of Mcl-1 confers multidrug resistance, whereas topoisomerase IIβ downregulation introduces mitoxantrone-specific drug resistance in acute myeloid leukemia. Mol Pharmacol 2013; 84:236-43. [PMID: 23696245 DOI: 10.1124/mol.113.086140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a serious challenge in cancer treatment and can be acquired through multiple mechanisms. These molecular changes may introduce varied extents of resistance to different therapies and need to be characterized for optimal therapy choice. A recently discovered small molecule, ethyl-2-amino-6-(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-4-(2-ethoxy-2-oxoethyl)-4H-chromene-3-carboxylate) (CXL017), reveals selective cytotoxicity toward drug-resistant leukemia. A drug-resistant acute myeloid leukemia cell line, HL60/MX2, also failed to acquire resistance to CXL017 upon chronic exposure and regained sensitivity toward standard therapies. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms responsible for HL60/MX2 cells' drug resistance and the molecular basis for its resensitization. Results show that the HL60/MX2 cell line has an elevated level of Mcl-1 protein relative to the parental cell line, HL60, and its resensitized cell line, HL60/MX2/CXL017, whereas it has a reduced level of topoisomerase IIβ. Mcl-1 overexpression in HL60/MX2 cells is mainly regulated through phospho-extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases 1 and 2-mediated Mcl-1 stabilization, whereas the reduction of topoisomerase IIβ in HL60/MX2 cells is controlled through genetic downregulation. Upregulating Mcl-1 introduces multidrug resistance to standard therapies, whereas its downregulation results in significant cell death. Downregulating topoisomerase IIβ confers resistance specifically to mitoxantrone, not to other topoisomerase II inhibitors. Overall, these data suggest that Mcl-1 overexpression is a critical determinant for cross-resistance to standard therapies, whereas topoisomerase IIβ downregulation is specific to mitoxantrone resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- David L Hermanson
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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