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Beregoi M, Oprea D, Bunea MC, Enculescu M, Enache TA. Electrospun fibrillary scaffold for electrochemical cell biomarkers detection. Mikrochim Acta 2024; 191:435. [PMID: 38949689 PMCID: PMC11217050 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-024-06523-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
A novel scaffold for in situ electrochemical detection of cell biomarkers was developed using electrospun nanofibers and commercial adhesive polymeric membranes. The electrochemical sensing of cell biomarkers requires the cultivation of the cells on/near the (bio)sensor surface in a manner to preserve an appropriate electroactive available surface and to avoid the surface passivation and sensor damage. This can be achieved by employing biocompatible nanofiber meshes that allow the cells to have a normal behavior and do not alter the electrochemical detection. For a better mechanical stability and ease of handling, nylon 6/6 nanofibers were collected on commercial polymeric membranes, at an optimal fiber density, obtaining a double-layered platform. To demonstrate the functionality of the fabricated scaffold, the screening of cellular stress has been achieved integrating melanoma B16-F10 cells and the (bio)sensor components on the transducer whereas the melanin exocytosis was successfully quantified using a commercial electrode. Either directly on the surface of the (bio)sensor or spatially detached from it, the integration of cell cultures in biosensing platforms based on electrospun nanofibers represents a powerful bioanalytical tool able to provide real-time information about the biomarker release, enzyme activity or inhibition, and monitoring of various cellular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Beregoi
- Functional Nanostructures Laboratory, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Str. 405A, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Daniela Oprea
- Functional Nanostructures Laboratory, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Str. 405A, 077125, Magurele, Romania
- Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, Atomistilor Str. 405, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Mihaela Cristina Bunea
- Functional Nanostructures Laboratory, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Str. 405A, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Monica Enculescu
- Functional Nanostructures Laboratory, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Str. 405A, 077125, Magurele, Romania
| | - Teodor Adrian Enache
- Functional Nanostructures Laboratory, National Institute of Materials Physics, Atomistilor Str. 405A, 077125, Magurele, Romania.
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2
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Zhu B, Sun L, Li Z, Shang P, Yang C, Li K, Li J, Zhi Q, Hua Z. Zinc as a potential regulator of the BCR-ABL oncogene in chronic myelocytic leukemia cells. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2024; 83:127407. [PMID: 38325182 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2024.127407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Generally, decreased zinc in the serum of tumor patients but increased zinc in tumor cells can be observed. However, the role of zinc homeostasis in myeloid leukemia remains elusive. BCR-ABL is essential for the initiation, maintenance, and progression of chronic myelocytic leukemia (CML). We are currently investigating the association between zinc homeostasis and CML. METHODS Genes involved in zinc homeostasis were examined using three GEO datasets. Western blotting and qPCR were used to investigate the effects of zinc depletion on BCR-ABL expression. Furthermore, the effect of TPEN on BCR-ABL promoter activity was determined using the dual-luciferase reporter assay. MRNA stability and protein stability of BCR-ABL were assessed using actinomycin D and cycloheximide. RESULTS Transcriptome data mining revealed that zinc homeostasis-related genes were associated with CML progression and drug resistance. Several zinc homeostasis genes were affected by TPEN. Additionally, we found that zinc depletion by TPEN decreased BCR-ABL mRNA stability and transcriptional activity in K562 CML cells. Zinc supplementation and sodium nitroprusside treatment reversed BCR-ABL downregulation by TPEN, suggesting zinc- and nitric oxide-dependent mechanisms. CONCLUSION Our in vitro findings may help to understand the role of zinc homeostasis in BCR-ABL regulation and thus highlight the importance of zinc homeostasis in CML.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Apoptosis
- Ethylenediamines/pharmacology
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/genetics
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/metabolism
- Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl/pharmacology
- Genes, abl
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/genetics
- Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive/pathology
- Zinc/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhu
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China.
| | - Longshuo Sun
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Zhonghua Li
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Pengyou Shang
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Chunhao Yang
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Kaiqiang Li
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Jiahuang Li
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China
| | - Qi Zhi
- Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, PR China
| | - Zichun Hua
- School of Biopharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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3
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Görg R, Büttgenbach A, Jakobs J, Kurtoğlu Babayev FH, Rolles B, Rink L, Wessels I. Leukemia cells accumulate zinc for oncofusion protein stabilization. J Nutr Biochem 2024; 123:109482. [PMID: 37839758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) and chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) are both hematological malignancies characterized by genetic alterations leading to the formation of oncofusion proteins. The classical chromosomal aberrations in APL and CML result in the PML-RARα and BCR-ABL1 oncofusion proteins, respectively. Interestingly, our flow cytometric analyses revealed elevated free intracellular zinc levels in various leukemia cells, which may play a role in stabilizing oncofusion proteins in leukemia and thus support cell proliferation and malignancy. Long-term zinc deficiency resulted in the degradation of PML-RARα in NB4 cells (APL cell line) and of BCR-ABL1 in K562 cells (CML cell line). This degradation may be explained by increased caspase 3 activity observed in zinc deficient cells, whereas zinc reconstitution normalized the caspase 3 activity and abolished zinc deficiency-induced oncofusion protein degradation. In NB4 cells, fluorescence microscopic images further indicated enlarged and enriched lysosomes during zinc deficiency, suggesting increased rates of autophagy. Moreover, NB4 cells exhibited increased expression of the zinc transporters ZIP2, ZIP10 and ZnT3 during zinc deficiency and revealed excessive accumulation of zinc in contrast to healthy peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), when zinc was abundantly available extracellularly. Our results highlight the importance of altered zinc homeostasis for some characteristics in leukemia cells, uncover potential pathways underlying the effects of zinc deficiency in leukemia cells, and provide potential alternative strategies by which oncofusion proteins can be degraded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Görg
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna Büttgenbach
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Jana Jakobs
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | | | - Benjamin Rolles
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Department of Hematology, Oncology, Hemostaseology and Stem Cell Transplantation, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center for Integrated Oncology Aachen Bonn Cologne Duesseldorf (CIO ABCD), Aachen, Germany; Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Lothar Rink
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Inga Wessels
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany; Center of Allergy & Environment (ZAUM), Technical University and Helmholtzzentrum Munich, Munich, Germany.
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4
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Somogyi A, Kirkham ED, Lloyd-Evans E, Winston J, Allen ND, Mackrill JJ, Anderson KE, Hawkins PT, Gardiner SE, Waller-Evans H, Sims R, Boland B, O'Neill C. The synthetic TRPML1 agonist ML-SA1 rescues Alzheimer-related alterations of the endosomal-autophagic-lysosomal system. J Cell Sci 2023; 136:jcs259875. [PMID: 36825945 PMCID: PMC10112969 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.259875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Abnormalities in the endosomal-autophagic-lysosomal (EAL) system are an early event in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. However, the mechanisms underlying these abnormalities are unclear. The transient receptor potential channel mucolipin 1(TRPML1, also known as MCOLN1), a vital endosomal-lysosomal Ca2+ channel whose loss of function leads to neurodegeneration, has not been investigated with respect to EAL pathogenesis in late-onset AD (LOAD). Here, we identify pathological hallmarks of TRPML1 dysregulation in LOAD neurons, including increased perinuclear clustering and vacuolation of endolysosomes. We reveal that induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human cortical neurons expressing APOE ε4, the strongest genetic risk factor for LOAD, have significantly diminished TRPML1-induced endolysosomal Ca2+ release. Furthermore, we found that blocking TRPML1 function in primary neurons by depleting the TRPML1 agonist PI(3,5)P2 via PIKfyve inhibition, recreated multiple features of EAL neuropathology evident in LOAD. This included increased endolysosomal Ca2+ content, enlargement and perinuclear clustering of endolysosomes, autophagic vesicle accumulation and early endosomal enlargement. Strikingly, these AD-like neuronal EAL defects were rescued by TRPML1 reactivation using its synthetic agonist ML-SA1. These findings implicate defects in TRPML1 in LOAD EAL pathogenesis and present TRPML1 as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Somogyi
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre (CNSC), University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Emily D Kirkham
- School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans building, Cardiff University, CF10 3AX Cardiff, UK
| | - Emyr Lloyd-Evans
- School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans building, Cardiff University, CF10 3AX Cardiff, UK
| | - Jincy Winston
- UK Dementia Research Institute, Hadyn Ellis Building, Cardiff University, CF24 4HQ Cardiff, UK
| | - Nicholas D Allen
- School of Biosciences, Sir Martin Evans building, Cardiff University, CF10 3AX Cardiff, UK
| | - John J Mackrill
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Karen E Anderson
- The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, CB22 3AT Cambridge, UK
| | - Phillip T Hawkins
- The Babraham Institute, Babraham Research Campus, CB22 3AT Cambridge, UK
| | - Sian E Gardiner
- Medicines Discovery Institute, Main Building, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT Cardiff, UK
| | - Helen Waller-Evans
- Medicines Discovery Institute, Main Building, Cardiff University, CF10 3AT Cardiff, UK
| | - Rebecca Sims
- Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neuroscience, Cardiff University, C14 4XN Cardiff, UK
| | - Barry Boland
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, T12 XF62 Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre (CNSC), University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
| | - Cora O'Neill
- School of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, BioSciences Institute, University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
- Cork Neuroscience Centre (CNSC), University College Cork, T12 YT20 Cork, Ireland
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5
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Ratiometric Zinc Biosensor Based on Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer: Trace Metal Ion Determination with Tunable Response. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314936. [PMID: 36499262 PMCID: PMC9738544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Determination of metal ions such as zinc in solution remains an important task in analytical and biological chemistry. We describe a novel zinc ion biosensing approach using a carbonic anhydrase-Oplophorus luciferase fusion protein that employs bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) to transduce the level of free zinc as a ratio of emission intensities in the blue and orange portions of the spectrum. In addition to high sensitivity (below nanomolar levels) and selectivity, this approach allows both quantitative determination of "free" zinc ion (also termed "mobile" or "labile") using bioluminescence ratios and determination of the presence of the ion above a threshold simply by the change in color of bioluminescence, without an instrument. The carbonic anhydrase metal ion sensing platform offers well-established flexibility in sensitivity, selectivity, and response kinetics. Finally, bioluminescence labeling has proven an effective approach for molecular imaging in vivo since no exciting light is required; the expressible nature of this sensor offers the prospect of imaging zinc fluxes in vivo.
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6
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Zhang C, Dischler A, Glover K, Qin Y. Neuronal signalling of zinc: from detection and modulation to function. Open Biol 2022; 12:220188. [PMID: 36067793 PMCID: PMC9448499 DOI: 10.1098/rsob.220188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element that stabilizes protein structures and allosterically modulates a plethora of enzymes, ion channels and neurotransmitter receptors. Labile zinc (Zn2+) acts as an intracellular and intercellular signalling molecule in response to various stimuli, which is especially important in the central nervous system. Zincergic neurons, characterized by Zn2+ deposits in synaptic vesicles and presynaptic Zn2+ release, are found in the cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, olfactory bulb and spinal cord. To provide an overview of synaptic Zn2+ and intracellular Zn2+ signalling in neurons, the present paper summarizes the fluorescent sensors used to detect Zn2+ signals, the cellular mechanisms regulating the generation and buffering of Zn2+ signals, as well as the current perspectives on their pleiotropic effects on phosphorylation signalling, synapse formation, synaptic plasticity, as well as sensory and cognitive function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Anna Dischler
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Kaitlyn Glover
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Yan Qin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, CO 80210, USA
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7
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Hao M, Zhang L, Chen P. Membrane Internalization Mechanisms and Design Strategies of Arginine-Rich Cell-Penetrating Peptides. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169038. [PMID: 36012300 PMCID: PMC9409441 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) have been discovered to deliver chemical drugs, nucleic acids, and macromolecules to permeate cell membranes, creating a novel route for exogenous substances to enter cells. Up until now, various sequence structures and fundamental action mechanisms of CPPs have been established. Among them, arginine-rich peptides with unique cell penetration properties have attracted substantial scientific attention. Due to the positively charged essential amino acids of the arginine-rich peptides, they can interact with negatively charged drug molecules and cell membranes through non-covalent interaction, including electrostatic interactions. Significantly, the sequence design and the penetrating mechanisms are critical. In this brief synopsis, we summarize the transmembrane processes and mechanisms of arginine-rich peptides; and outline the relationship between the function of arginine-rich peptides and the number of arginine residues, arginine optical isomers, primary sequence, secondary and ternary structures, etc. Taking advantage of the penetration ability, biomedical applications of arginine-rich peptides have been refreshed, including drug/RNA delivery systems, biosensors, and blood-brain barrier (BBB) penetration. Understanding the membrane internalization mechanisms and design strategies of CPPs will expand their potential applications in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minglu Hao
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (P.C.)
| | - Pu Chen
- Advanced Materials Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON N2L3G1, Canada
- Correspondence: (L.Z.); (P.C.)
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8
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PC-12 Cell Line as a Neuronal Cell Model for Biosensing Applications. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12070500. [PMID: 35884303 PMCID: PMC9313070 DOI: 10.3390/bios12070500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
PC-12 cells have been widely used as a neuronal line study model in many biosensing devices, mainly due to the neurogenic characteristics acquired after differentiation, such as high level of secreted neurotransmitter, neuron morphology characterized by neurite outgrowth, and expression of ion and neurotransmitter receptors. For understanding the pathophysiology processes involved in brain disorders, PC-12 cell line is extensively assessed in neuroscience research, including studies on neurotoxicity, neuroprotection, or neurosecretion. Various analytical technologies have been developed to investigate physicochemical processes and the biosensors based on optical and electrochemical techniques, among others, have been at the forefront of this development. This article summarizes the application of different biosensors in PC-12 cell cultures and presents the modern approaches employed in neuronal networks biosensing.
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9
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Rozenberg JM, Kamynina M, Sorokin M, Zolotovskaia M, Koroleva E, Kremenchutckaya K, Gudkov A, Buzdin A, Borisov N. The Role of the Metabolism of Zinc and Manganese Ions in Human Cancerogenesis. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10051072. [PMID: 35625809 PMCID: PMC9139143 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10051072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal ion homeostasis is fundamental for life. Specifically, transition metals iron, manganese and zinc play a pivotal role in mitochondrial metabolism and energy generation, anti-oxidation defense, transcriptional regulation and the immune response. The misregulation of expression or mutations in ion carriers and the corresponding changes in Mn2+ and Zn2+ levels suggest that these ions play a pivotal role in cancer progression. Moreover, coordinated changes in Mn2+ and Zn2+ ion carriers have been detected, suggesting that particular mechanisms influenced by both ions might be required for the growth of cancer cells, metastasis and immune evasion. Here, we present a review of zinc and manganese pathophysiology suggesting that these ions might cooperatively regulate cancerogenesis. Zn and Mn effects converge on mitochondria-induced apoptosis, transcriptional regulation and the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, mediating the immune response. Both Zn and Mn influence cancer progression and impact treatment efficacy in animal models and clinical trials. We predict that novel strategies targeting the regulation of both Zn and Mn in cancer will complement current therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Markovich Rozenberg
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Margarita Kamynina
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostic, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Maksim Sorokin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostic, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Marianna Zolotovskaia
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- OmicsWay Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
| | - Elena Koroleva
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Kristina Kremenchutckaya
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
| | - Alexander Gudkov
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostic, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.G.)
| | - Anton Buzdin
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- Group of Experimental Biotherapy and Diagnostic, Institute for Regenerative Medicine, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (M.K.); (A.G.)
- OmicsWay Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117997 Moscow, Russia
- Oncobox Ltd., 121205 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nicolas Borisov
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, National Research University, 141700 Moscow, Russia; (M.S.); (M.Z.); (E.K.); (K.K.); (A.B.); (N.B.)
- OmicsWay Corporation, Walnut, CA 91789, USA
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10
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Gaburjakova J, Gaburjakova M. The Cardiac Ryanodine Receptor Provides a Suitable Pathway for the Rapid Transport of Zinc (Zn2+). Cells 2022; 11:cells11050868. [PMID: 35269490 PMCID: PMC8909583 DOI: 10.3390/cells11050868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) in cardiac muscle is suggested to act as a dynamic storage for Zn2+ release and reuptake, albeit it is primarily implicated in the Ca2+ signaling required for the cardiac cycle. A large Ca2+ release from the SR is mediated by the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RYR2), and while this has a prominent conductance for Ca2+ in vivo, it also conducts other divalent cations in vitro. Since Zn2+ and permeant Mg2+ have similar physical properties, we tested if the RYR2 channel also conducts Zn2+. Using the method of planar lipid membranes, we evidenced that the RYR2 channel is permeable to Zn2+ with a considerable conductance of 81.1 ± 2.4 pS, which was significantly lower than the values for Ca2+ (127.5 ± 1.8 pS) and Mg2+ (95.3 ± 1.4 pS), obtained under the same asymmetric conditions. Despite similar physical properties, the intrinsic Zn2+ permeability (PCa/PZn = 2.65 ± 0.19) was found to be ~2.3-fold lower than that of Mg2+ (PCa/PMg = 1.146 ± 0.071). Further, we assessed whether the channel itself could be a direct target of the Zn2+ current, having the Zn2+ finger extended into the cytosolic vestibular portion of the permeation pathway. We attempted to displace Zn2+ from the RYR2 Zn2+ finger to induce its structural defects, which are associated with RYR2 dysfunction. Zn2+ chelators were added to the channel cytosolic side or strongly competing cadmium cations (Cd2+) were allowed to permeate the RYR2 channel. Only the Cd2+ current was able to cause the decay of channel activity, presumably as a result of Zn2+ to Cd2+ replacement. Our findings suggest that the RYR2 channel can provide a suitable pathway for rapid Zn2+ escape from the cardiac SR; thus, the channel may play a role in local and/or global Zn2+ signaling in cardiomyocytes.
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11
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Perrin D, Paul S, Wong AAWL, Liu LT. Selection of M2+-independent RNA-cleaving DNAzymes with Sidechains Mimicking Arginine and Lysine. Chembiochem 2021; 23:e202100600. [PMID: 34881502 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202100600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Sequence-specific cleavage of RNA by nucleic acid catalysts in the absence of a divalent metal cation (M 2+ ) has remained an important goal in biomimicry with potential therapeutic applications. Given the lack of functional group diversity in canonical nucleotides, modified nucleotides with amino acid-like side chains were used to enhance self-cleavage rates at a single embedded ribonucleoside site. Previous works relied on three functional groups: an amine, a guanidine and an imidazole ensconced on three different nucleosides. However, to date, few studies have systematically addressed the necessity of all three modifications, as the value of any single modified nucleoside is contextualized at the outset of selection. Herein, we report on the use of only two modified dNTPs, excluding an imidazole, i.e. 5-(3-guanidinoallyl)-2'-dUTP (dU ga TP) and 5-aminoallyl-2'-dCTP (dC aa TP), to select in-vitro self-cleaving DNAzymes that cleave in the absence of M 2+ in a pH-independent fashion. Cleavage shows biphasic kinetics with rate constants that are significantly higher than in unmodified DNAzymes and compare favorably to certain DNAzymes involving an imidazole. This work is the first report of a M2+-independent DNAzyme with two cationic modifications; as such it shows appreciable self-cleaving activity in the absence of an imidazole modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Perrin
- U. British Columbia, Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, V6T-1Z1, Vancouver, CANADA
| | - Somdeb Paul
- The University of British Columbia, Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, V6T1Z1, Vancouver, CANADA
| | - Antonio A W L Wong
- The University of British Columbia, Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, V6T1Z1, Vancouver, CANADA
| | - Leo T Liu
- The University of British Columbia, Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, UBC, Vancouver, V6T-1Z1, Vancouver, CANADA
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12
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Mahim A, Karim M, Petering DH. Zinc trafficking 1. Probing the roles of proteome, metallothionein, and glutathione. Metallomics 2021; 13:6362609. [PMID: 34472617 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfab055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The cellular trafficking pathways that conduct zinc to its sites of binding in functional proteins remain largely unspecified. In this study, the hypothesis was investigated that nonspecific proteomic binding sites serve as intermediates in zinc trafficking. Proteome from pig kidney LLC-PK1 cells contains a large concentration of such sites, displaying an average conditional stability constant of 1010-11, that are dependent on sulfhydryl ligands to achieve high-affinity binding of zinc. As a result, the proteome competes effectively with induced metallothionein for Zn2+ upon exposure of cells to extracellular Zn2+ or during in vitro direct competition. The reaction of added Zn2+ bound to proteome with apo-carbonic anhydrase was examined as a potential model for intracellular zinc trafficking. The extent of this reaction was inversely dependent upon proteome concentration and under cellular conditions thought to be negligible. The rate of reaction was strictly first order in both Zn2+ and apo-carbonic anhydrase, and also considered to be insignificant in cells. Adding the low molecular weight fraction of cell supernatant to the proteome markedly enhanced the speed of this reaction, a phenomenon dependent on the presence of glutathione (GSH). In agreement, inclusion of GSH accelerated the reaction in a concentration-dependent manner. The implications of abundant high-affinity binding sites for Zn2+ within the proteome are considered in relation to their interaction with GSH in the efficient delivery of Zn2+ to functional binding sites and in the operation of fluorescent zinc sensors as a tool to observe zinc trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsana Mahim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
| | - Mohammad Karim
- Department of Cell and Gene Therapy, PPD, Middleton, WI, USA
| | - David H Petering
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA
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13
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Si D, Nie G, Hurst TK, Fierke CA, Kopelman R. Combining Active Carbonic Anhydrase with Nanogels: Enzyme Protection and Zinc Sensing. Int J Nanomedicine 2021; 16:6645-6660. [PMID: 34611401 PMCID: PMC8486011 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s321099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Due to its excellent biocompatibility, the polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel has shown great potential for the immobilization of enzymes used in biomedical applications. The major challenge involved is to preserve, during the immobilization process, both the biological activity and the structural integrity of the enzymes. Here we report, for the first time, a proof-of-concept study for embedding active carbonic anhydrase (CA) into polyacrylamide (PAAm) nanogels. By immobilizing CA in these nanogels, we hope to provide important advantages, such as matrix protection of the CA as well as its targeted delivery, and also for potentially using these nanogels as zinc nano-biosensors, both in-vitro and in-vivo. Methods and Results Two methods are reported here for CA immobilization: encapsulation and surface conjugation. In the encapsulation method, the common process was improved, so as to best preserve the CA, by 1) using a novel biofriendly nonionic surfactant system (Span 80/Tween 80/Brij 30) and 2) using an Al2O3 adsorptive filtration purification procedure. In the surface conjugation method, blank PAAm nanogels were activated by N-hydroxysuccinimide and the CA was cross-linked to the nanogels. The amount of active CA immobilized in the nanoparticles was quantified for both methods. Per 1 g nanogels, the CA encapsulated nanogels contain 11.3 mg active CA, while the CA conjugated nanogels contain 22.5 mg active CA. Also, the CA conjugated nanoparticles successfully measured free Zn2+ levels in solution, with the Zn2+ dissociation constant determined to be 9 pM. Conclusion This work demonstrates universal methods for immobilizing highly fragile bio-macromolecules inside nanoparticle carriers, while preserving their structural integrity and biological activity. The advantages and limitations are discussed, as well as the potential biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Si
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Guochao Nie
- School of Physics and Telecommunication Engineering, Yulin Normal University, Yulin, People's Republic of China.,China-Ukraine Joint Research Center for Nano Carbon Black, Yulin, People's Republic of China.,Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, Yulin, People's Republic of China
| | - Tamiika K Hurst
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Carol A Fierke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Raoul Kopelman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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14
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Grifagni D, Calderone V, Giuntini S, Cantini F, Fragai M, Banci L. SARS-CoV-2 M pro inhibition by a zinc ion: structural features and hints for drug design. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:7910-7913. [PMID: 34278402 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc02956h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Structural data on the SARS-CoV-2 main protease in complex with a zinc-containing organic inhibitor are already present in the literature and gave hints on the presence of a zinc binding site involving the catalytically relevant cysteine and histidine residues. In this paper, the structural basis of ionic zinc binding to the SARS-CoV-2 main protease has been elucidated by X-ray crystallography. The zinc binding affinity and its ability to inhibit the SARS-CoV-2 main protease have been investigated. These findings provide solid ground for the design of potent and selective metal-conjugated inhibitors of the SARS-CoV-2 main protease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Grifagni
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy.
| | - Vito Calderone
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy. and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Stefano Giuntini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy.
| | - Francesca Cantini
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy. and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Marco Fragai
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy. and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Lucia Banci
- Magnetic Resonance Center (CERM), University of Florence, via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy. and Department of Chemistry "Ugo Schiff", University of Florence, via della Lastruccia 3, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy and Consorzio Interuniversitario Risonanze Magnetiche MetalloProteine (CIRMMP), via Sacconi 6, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
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15
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Kambe T, Taylor KM, Fu D. Zinc transporters and their functional integration in mammalian cells. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100320. [PMID: 33485965 PMCID: PMC7949119 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is a ubiquitous biological metal in all living organisms. The spatiotemporal zinc dynamics in cells provide crucial cellular signaling opportunities, but also challenges for intracellular zinc homeostasis with broad disease implications. Zinc transporters play a central role in regulating cellular zinc balance and subcellular zinc distributions. The discoveries of two complementary families of mammalian zinc transporters (ZnTs and ZIPs) in the mid-1990s spurred much speculation on their metal selectivity and cellular functions. After two decades of research, we have arrived at a biochemical description of zinc transport. However, in vitro functions are fundamentally different from those in living cells, where mammalian zinc transporters are directed to specific subcellular locations, engaged in dedicated macromolecular machineries, and connected with diverse cellular processes. Hence, the molecular functions of individual zinc transporters are reshaped and deeply integrated in cells to promote the utilization of zinc chemistry to perform enzymatic reactions, tune cellular responsiveness to pathophysiologic signals, and safeguard cellular homeostasis. At present, the underlying mechanisms driving the functional integration of mammalian zinc transporters are largely unknown. This knowledge gap has motivated a shift of the research focus from in vitro studies of purified zinc transporters to in cell studies of mammalian zinc transporters in the context of their subcellular locations and protein interactions. In this review, we will outline how knowledge of zinc transporters has been accumulated from in-test-tube to in-cell studies, highlighting new insights and paradigm shifts in our understanding of the molecular and cellular basis of mammalian zinc transporter functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiho Kambe
- Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kathryn M Taylor
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom
| | - Dax Fu
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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16
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Dejous C, Krishnan UM. Sensors for diagnosis of prostate cancer: Looking beyond the prostate specific antigen. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 173:112790. [PMID: 33190047 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer represents one of the most common forms of cancer affecting men across the globe. Due to late diagnosis of this disease, the mortality of this condition is very high. Conventional diagnostic methods like the direct rectal examination are uncomfortable and, in most cases, delayed, and further confirmation is required with biopsies and Gleason score. The most common biomarker approved by the FDA (United States Food and Drug Administration) is the prostate specific antigen (PSA) that is detected by conventional biochemical assays which require expensive reagents, is time-consuming and more often is only indicative and cannot be considered confirmative as it is susceptible to erroneous conclusions. The prostate health index employs quantification of PSA in its free and bound forms to enumerate the risk of prostate cancer and has found acceptance with clinicians though the methods used to determine these quantities are slow and require additional sensitivity. Search for novel biomarkers other than PSA has resulted in the identification of several promising candidates. However, their detection is still heavily dependent upon conventional biochemical assays that retain the challenges of being time-consuming, poorly sensitive and expensive. Development of specific sensor technologies integrating nanomaterials offers a viable alternative for rapid and sensitive determination of these non-PSA markers. This review summarizes the major advances in the development of sensors for diagnosis of prostate cancer using non-PSA markers. It also highlights some of the emerging paradigms in cancer diagnosis that may transform the diagnostic field in the context of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corinne Dejous
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, IMS, UMR 5218, Talence, F-33400, France
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- School of Arts, Science & Humanities, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University, Thanjavur, India; Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University, Thanjavur, India; School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed-to-be University, Thanjavur, India.
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17
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Aristocratic human papillomavirus drove cervical cancer: a study of the therapeutic potential of the combination of interferon with zinc. Mol Cell Biochem 2020; 476:757-765. [PMID: 33099745 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-020-03941-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is related to cancer growth of vaginal, cervical, vulva, penile, anogenital, and non-genital oropharyngeal sites. HPV, as a sexually transmitted virus, infects all sexes similarly but with more significant pathological risks in women. This accounts for high mortality due to late detection and poor prognosis. The initial development and eventual progress of this cancer type depend entirely on three main oncogenes E5, E6 and E7, constitutively expressed to lead to carcinogenesis. Despite an opportunity for pharmacological therapy, there is still a shortage of medical treatment that may remove HPV from infected lesions. This study offers a concise summary of the nature of the issue and the current status of work on potential lead molecules and therapeutic approaches that show the capacity of HPV therapies to counteract the roles of deregulation of E5, E6, and E7.
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18
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Kim YH, Eom JW, Koh JY. Mechanism of Zinc Excitotoxicity: A Focus on AMPK. Front Neurosci 2020; 14:577958. [PMID: 33041769 PMCID: PMC7522467 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2020.577958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last 20 years, it has been shown that complex signaling cascades are involved in zinc excitotoxicity. Free zinc rapidly induces PKC activation, which causes reactive oxygen species (ROS) production at least in part through NADPH oxidase. It also promotes neuronal nitric oxide synthase, thereby increasing nitric oxide (NO) production. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase activation and Egr-1 transcription factor activity were quickly induced by zinc, too. These concurrent actions of kinases consequently produce oxygen free radical, ROS, and NO, which may cause severe DNA damage. Following the excessive activity of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 depletes NAD+/ATP in the cells. Zinc excitotoxicity exhibits distinct characteristics of apoptosis, too. Activation of caspase-3 is induced by liver kinase B1 (LKB1)-AMP-activated kinase (AMPK)-Bim cascade signaling and induction of p75NTR receptors and p75NTR-associated Death Executor. Thus, zinc excitotoxicity is a mechanism of neuronal cell death showing various cell death patterns. In addition to the above signaling cascades, individual intracellular organelles also play a crucial role in zinc excitotoxicity. Mitochondria and lysosomes function as zinc reservoirs, and as such, are capable of regulating zinc concentration in the cytoplasm. However, when loaded with too much zinc, they may undergo mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) opening, and lysosomal membrane permeabilization (LMP), both of which are well-established mechanisms of cell death. Since zinc excitotoxicity has been reported to be associated with acute brain injuries, including stroke, trauma, and epilepsy, we performed to find the novel AMPK inhibitors as therapeutic agents for these diseases. Since we thought acute brain injury has complicated neuronal death pathways, we tried to see the neuroprotection against zinc excitotoxicity, calcium-overload excitotoxicity, oxidative damage, and apoptosis. We found that two chemicals showed significant neuroprotection against all cellular neurotoxic models we tested. Finally, we observed the reduction of infarct volume in a rat model of brain injury after middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). In this review, we introduced the AMPK-mediated cell death mechanism and novel strategy for the development of stroke therapeutics. The hope is that this understanding would provide a rationale for acute brain injury and eventually find new therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hee Kim
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Won Eom
- Department of Integrative Bioscience and Biotechnology, Sejong University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Young Koh
- Neural Injury Research Laboratory, Department of Neurology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
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19
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Hu L, Wang C, Lu W, Lu H, Chen H, Tan C. BaeSR activates type VI secretion system expression in porcine extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli to enhance bacterial resistance to zinc stress. Microb Pathog 2020; 147:104357. [PMID: 32603765 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2020.104357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The two-component system BaeSR is an extra-cytoplasmic stress response system in Escherichia coli, whose function is to be adapted to environmental stress. Recently, we have identified an active type VI secretion system in porcine extra-intestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli PCN033. DNA-protein interactions shows that BaeR directly binds to the promoter region of the T6SS and then induces its expression. Deletion of baeR/baeSR decreased zinc resistance of bacteria. Moreover, T6SS mutant Δhcp1/hcp2/hcp3 is more sensitive than wild type after exposure to external zinc, and complementation of hcp1 largely restored growth defect. Our study uncovers a new regulation mechanism of BaeSR system in response to metal stress. It reveals that BaeR-regulated T6SS is critical for bacteria survival under toxic zinc condition. In conclusion, T6SS contributes to zinc stress resistance in a BaeSR system-dependent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Chenchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Wenjia Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Hao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Huanchun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China
| | - Chen Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, 430070, Hubei, China; Key Laboratory of Preventive Veterinary Medicine in Hubei Province, The Cooperative Innovation Centre for Sustainable Pig Production, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, China.
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20
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Takashima I, Inoue Y, Matsumoto N, Takagi A, Okuda K. A fluorogenic probe using a catalytic reaction for the detection of trace intracellular zinc. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:13327-13330. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05315e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A reaction-based fluorescent probe with cephem scaffold has been applied for signal amplification system to detect trace intracellular zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Takashima
- Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University
- Kobe 658-8558
- Japan
| | - Yohei Inoue
- Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University
- Kobe 658-8558
- Japan
| | | | - Akira Takagi
- Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University
- Kobe 658-8558
- Japan
| | - Kensuke Okuda
- Laboratory of Bioorganic & Natural Products Chemistry
- Kobe Pharmaceutical University
- Kobe 658-8558
- Japan
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21
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Santos ECS, Dos Santos TC, Fernandes TS, Jorge FL, Nascimento V, Madriaga VGC, Cordeiro PS, Checca NR, Da Costa NM, Pinto LFR, Ronconi CM. A reversible, switchable pH-driven quaternary ammonium pillar[5]arene nanogate for mesoporous silica nanoparticles. J Mater Chem B 2019; 8:703-714. [PMID: 31867589 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00946a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Here we describe the assembly and pH-driven operation of two nanocarriers based on non-functionalized (MCM-41) and carboxylate-functionalized (MCM-41-COOH) containers loaded with the anticancer drug doxorubicin (DOX) and capped by quaternary ammonium pillar[5]arene (P[5]A) nanogates. MCM-41 and MCM-41-COOH containers were synthesized and transmission and scanning electron microscopies showed nanoparticles with spherical morphology and dimensions of 85 ± 13 nm. The nanochannels of MCM-41 loaded with DOX were gated through the electrostatic interactions between P[5]A and the silanolate groups formed at the silica-water interface, yielding the MCM-41-DOX-P[5]A nanocarrier. The second nanocarrier was gated through the electrostatic interactions between the carboxylate groups mounted on the surface of MCM-41 and P[5]A, resulting in the MCM-41-COO-DOX-P[5]A nanocarrier. The DOX release profiles from both nanocarriers were investigated by UV-vis spectroscopy at different pH values (2.0, 5.5 and 7.4) and also in the presence of ions, such as citrate3- (19 mmol L-1) and Zn2+ (1.2 and 50 mmol L-1) at 37 °C. MCM-41-COO-DOX-P[5]A can be turned on and off eight times through the formation and breaking of electrostatic interactions. In vitro studies show that MCM-41-COO-DOX-P[5]A can penetrate and release DOX in the nucleus of human breast adenocarcinoma MCF-7 cancer cells leading to a pronounced cytotoxic effect. Therefore, the fabricated nanocarrier based on a water-soluble cationic pillar[5]arene nanogate, which is reversibly opened and closed by electrostatic interactions, can be considered as a promising drug transport and delivery technique for future cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn C S Santos
- Departamento de Química Inorgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Outeiro São João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Thiago C Dos Santos
- Departamento de Química Inorgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Outeiro São João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Tamires S Fernandes
- Departamento de Química Inorgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Outeiro São João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Fernanda L Jorge
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), André Cavalcanti 37, Centro, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Nascimento
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Outeiro São João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Vinicius G C Madriaga
- Departamento de Química Inorgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Outeiro São João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Pâmella S Cordeiro
- Departamento de Química Orgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Outeiro São João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Noemi R Checca
- Centro Brasileiro de Pesquisas Físicas (CBPF), Dr Xavier Sigaud 150, Urca, 22290-180, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Nathalia Meireles Da Costa
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), André Cavalcanti 37, Centro, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luís Felipe Ribeiro Pinto
- Molecular Carcinogenesis Program, Instituto Nacional de Câncer (INCA), André Cavalcanti 37, Centro, 20231-050, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Célia M Ronconi
- Departamento de Química Inorgânica, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Campus do Valonguinho, Outeiro São João Batista s/n, Centro, 24020-150, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.
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22
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Boudreau MW, Peh J, Hergenrother PJ. Procaspase-3 Overexpression in Cancer: A Paradoxical Observation with Therapeutic Potential. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:2335-2348. [PMID: 31260254 PMCID: PMC6858495 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Many anticancer strategies rely on the promotion of apoptosis in cancer cells as a means to shrink tumors. Crucial for apoptotic function are executioner caspases, most notably caspase-3, that proteolyze a variety of proteins, inducing cell death. Paradoxically, overexpression of procaspase-3 (PC-3), the low-activity zymogen precursor to caspase-3, has been reported in a variety of cancer types. Until recently, this counterintuitive overexpression of a pro-apoptotic protein in cancer has been puzzling. Recent studies suggest subapoptotic caspase-3 activity may promote oncogenic transformation, a possible explanation for the enigmatic overexpression of PC-3. Herein, the overexpression of PC-3 in cancer and its mechanistic basis is reviewed; collectively, the data suggest the potential for exploitation of PC-3 overexpression with PC-3 activators as a targeted anticancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Jessie Peh
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Paul J. Hergenrother
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, United States
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23
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Protein kinase CK2 is involved in zinc homeostasis in breast and prostate cancer cells. Biometals 2019; 32:861-873. [DOI: 10.1007/s10534-019-00218-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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24
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Read SA, Obeid S, Ahlenstiel C, Ahlenstiel G. The Role of Zinc in Antiviral Immunity. Adv Nutr 2019; 10:696-710. [PMID: 31305906 PMCID: PMC6628855 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmz013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 385] [Impact Index Per Article: 77.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential trace element that is crucial for growth, development, and the maintenance of immune function. Its influence reaches all organs and cell types, representing an integral component of approximately 10% of the human proteome, and encompassing hundreds of key enzymes and transcription factors. Zinc deficiency is strikingly common, affecting up to a quarter of the population in developing countries, but also affecting distinct populations in the developed world as a result of lifestyle, age, and disease-mediated factors. Consequently, zinc status is a critical factor that can influence antiviral immunity, particularly as zinc-deficient populations are often most at risk of acquiring viral infections such as HIV or hepatitis C virus. This review summarizes current basic science and clinical evidence examining zinc as a direct antiviral, as well as a stimulant of antiviral immunity. An abundance of evidence has accumulated over the past 50 y to demonstrate the antiviral activity of zinc against a variety of viruses, and via numerous mechanisms. The therapeutic use of zinc for viral infections such as herpes simplex virus and the common cold has stemmed from these findings; however, there remains much to be learned regarding the antiviral mechanisms and clinical benefit of zinc supplementation as a preventative and therapeutic treatment for viral infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Read
- Blacktown Medical School, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Stephanie Obeid
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chantelle Ahlenstiel
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Golo Ahlenstiel
- Blacktown Medical School, Western Sydney University, Blacktown, New South Wales, Australia
- Storr Liver Centre, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, The University of Sydney and Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia
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25
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Gomathi A, Vasanthi M, Viswanthamurthi P, Suresh S, Nandhakumar R. A Simple Perceptive Diphenyl‐Imidazole‐Based Dipodal Schiff‐Base Chemosensor for Zn
2+
and PPi ions and Its Live‐Cell Imaging Applications. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mani Vasanthi
- Department of ChemistryPeriyar University Salem- 636 011 India
| | | | - Shanmugan Suresh
- Department of ChemistryKarunya University, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore - 641 114 India
| | - Raju Nandhakumar
- Department of ChemistryKarunya University, Karunya Nagar, Coimbatore - 641 114 India
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26
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Neupane DP, Kumar S, Yukl ET. Two ABC Transporters and a Periplasmic Metallochaperone Participate in Zinc Acquisition in Paracoccus denitrificans. Biochemistry 2018; 58:126-136. [PMID: 30353723 PMCID: PMC6824839 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.8b00854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Bacteria must acquire the essential
element zinc from extremely
limited environments, and this function is performed largely by ATP
binding cassette (ABC) transporters. These systems rely on a periplasmic
or extracellular solute binding protein (SBP) to bind zinc specifically
with a high affinity and deliver it to the membrane permease for import
into the cytoplasm. However, zinc acquisition systems in bacteria
may be more complex, involving multiple transporters and other periplasmic
or extracellular zinc binding proteins. Here we describe the zinc
acquisition functions of two zinc SBPs (ZnuA and AztC) and a novel
periplasmic metallochaperone (AztD) in Paracoccus denitrificans. ZnuA was characterized in vitro and demonstrated
to bind as many as 5 zinc ions with a high affinity. It does not interact
with AztD, in contrast to what has been demonstrated for AztC, which
is able to acquire a single zinc ion through associative transfer
from AztD. Deletions of the corresponding genes singly and in combination
show that either AztC or ZnuA is sufficient and essential for robust
growth in zinc-limited media. Although AztD cannot support transport
of zinc into the cytoplasm, it likely functions to store zinc in the
periplasm for transfer through the AztABCD system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Durga P Neupane
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , New Mexico State University , Las Cruces , New Mexico 88003 , United States
| | - Santosh Kumar
- Department of Biological Sciences , University of Texas at Dallas , Richardson , Texas 75080 , United States
| | - Erik T Yukl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , New Mexico State University , Las Cruces , New Mexico 88003 , United States
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27
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Holliday MJ, Ferrao R, de Leon Boenig G, Estevez A, Helgason E, Rohou A, Dueber EC, Fairbrother WJ. Picomolar zinc binding modulates formation of Bcl10-nucleating assemblies of the caspase recruitment domain (CARD) of CARD9. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:16803-16817. [PMID: 30206119 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The caspase recruitment domain-containing protein 9 (CARD9)-B-cell lymphoma/leukemia 10 (Bcl10) signaling axis is activated in myeloid cells during the innate immune response to a variety of diverse pathogens. This signaling pathway requires a critical caspase recruitment domain (CARD)-CARD interaction between CARD9 and Bcl10 that promotes downstream activation of factors, including NF-κB and the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) p38. Despite these insights, CARD9 remains structurally uncharacterized, and little mechanistic understanding of its regulation exists. We unexpectedly found here that the CARD in CARD9 binds to Zn2+ with picomolar affinity-a concentration comparable with the levels of readily accessible Zn2+ in the cytosol. NMR solution structures of the CARD9-CARD in the apo and Zn2+-bound states revealed that Zn2+ has little effect on the ground-state structure of the CARD; yet the stability of the domain increased considerably upon Zn2+ binding, with a concomitant reduction in conformational flexibility. Moreover, Zn2+ binding inhibited polymerization of the CARD9-CARD into helical assemblies. Here, we also present a 20-Å resolution negative-stain EM (NS-EM) structure of these filamentous assemblies and show that they adopt a similar helical symmetry as reported previously for filaments of the Bcl10 CARD. Using both bulk assays and direct NS-EM visualization, we further show that the CARD9-CARD assemblies can directly template and thereby nucleate Bcl10 polymerization, a capacity considered critical to propagation of the CARD9-Bcl10 signaling cascade. Our findings indicate that CARD9 is a potential target of Zn2+-mediated signaling that affects Bcl10 polymerization in innate immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ryan Ferrao
- Structural Biology Department, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | | | - Alberto Estevez
- Structural Biology Department, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | | | - Alexis Rohou
- Structural Biology Department, Genentech, South San Francisco, California 94080
| | - Erin C Dueber
- From the Early Discovery Biochemistry Department and
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28
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Fudge DH, Black R, Son L, LeJeune K, Qin Y. Optical Recording of Zn 2+ Dynamics in the Mitochondrial Matrix and Intermembrane Space with the GZnP2 Sensor. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1897-1905. [PMID: 29912548 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The zinc ion (Zn2+) is emerging as an important signaling molecule. Here, we engineered an improved Zn2+ probe GZnP2 based on a previously developed fluorescent sensor GZnP1 to provide a higher fluorescent readout (2-fold higher) that is proportional to cellular labile Zn2+ concentrations. We further developed a set of GZnP2 derived imaging tools to determine the labile Zn2+ concentrations in the mitochondrial matrix, mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS), and cytosol in four different cell lines (HeLa, Cos-7, HEK293, and INS-1). The labile Zn2+ concentration in the matrix was less than 1 pM, while the labile Zn2+ concentration in the IMS was comparable to the cytosol (∼100 pM). With these sensors, we showed that upon exposure to high Zn2+, only the cytosol and the IMS were overloaded with Zn2+, while the mitochondrial matrix was unable to sequester excess labile Zn2+ in depolarized INS-1 cells. This work highlighted the importance of distinguishing the labile Zn2+ concentrations and dynamics between the mitochondrial matrix and IMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dylan H. Fudge
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
| | - Raymond Black
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
| | - Lea Son
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
| | - Kate LeJeune
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
| | - Yan Qin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado 80210, United States
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29
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Yu X, Kogan S, Chen Y, Tsang AT, Withers T, Lin H, Gilleran J, Buckley B, Moore D, Bertino J, Chan C, Kimball SD, Loh SN, Carpizo DR. Zinc Metallochaperones Reactivate Mutant p53 Using an ON/OFF Switch Mechanism: A New Paradigm in Cancer Therapeutics. Clin Cancer Res 2018; 24:4505-4517. [PMID: 29914895 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-0822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: Zinc metallochaperones (ZMC) are a new class of anticancer drugs that reactivate zinc-deficient mutant p53 by raising and buffering intracellular zinc levels sufficiently to restore zinc binding. In vitro pharmacodynamics of ZMCs indicate that p53-mutant activity is ON by 4-6 hours and is OFF by 24. We sought to understand the mechanism of this regulation and to translate these findings preclinically. We further sought to innovate the formulation of ZMCs to improve efficacy.Experimental Design: We performed in vitro mechanistic studies to determine the role of cellular zinc homeostatic mechanisms in the transient pharmacodynamics of ZMCs. We conducted preclinical pharmacokinetic, pharmacodynamic, and efficacy studies using a genetically engineered murine pancreatic cancer model (KPC) to translate these mechanistic findings and investigate a novel ZMC formulation.Results:In vitro, cellular zinc homeostatic mechanisms that restore zinc to its physiologic levels function as the OFF switch in ZMC pharmacodynamics. In vivo pharmacokinetic studies indicate that ZMCs have a short half-life (< 30 minutes), which is sufficient to significantly improve survival in mice expressing a zinc-deficient allele (p53R172H) while having no effect in mice expressing a non-zinc-deficient allele (p53R270H). We synthesized a novel formulation of the drug in complex with zinc and demonstrate this significantly improves survival over ZMC1.Conclusions: Cellular zinc homeostatic mechanisms function as an OFF switch in ZMC pharmacodynamics, indicating that a brief period of p53-mutant reactivation is sufficient for on-target efficacy. ZMCs synthesized in complex with zinc are an improved formulation. Clin Cancer Res; 24(18); 4505-17. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Samuel Kogan
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Ying Chen
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Ashley T Tsang
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York
| | - Tracy Withers
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Hongxia Lin
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - John Gilleran
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Brian Buckley
- Rutgers Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey
| | - Dirk Moore
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Biostatistics. Rutgers School of Public Health, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Joseph Bertino
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - Chang Chan
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Medicine, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey
| | - S David Kimball
- Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York.,Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Z53 Therapeutics, Inc, Holmdel, New Jersey
| | - Stewart N Loh
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York
| | - Darren R Carpizo
- Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, New Jersey. .,Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, New Jersey.,Department of Pharmacology, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey.,Z53 Therapeutics, Inc, Holmdel, New Jersey
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30
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Eron SJ, MacPherson DJ, Dagbay KB, Hardy JA. Multiple Mechanisms of Zinc-Mediated Inhibition for the Apoptotic Caspases-3, -6, -7, and -8. ACS Chem Biol 2018; 13:1279-1290. [PMID: 29364645 PMCID: PMC5959779 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.8b00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Zinc is emerging as a widely used and important biological regulatory signal. Cellular zinc levels are tightly regulated by a complex array of zinc importers and exporters to control processes such as apoptotic cell death. While caspase inhibition by zinc has been reported previously, the reported inhibition constants were too weak to suggest a critical biological role for zinc-mediated inhibition. In this work, we have adopted a method of assessing available zinc. This allowed assessment of accurate inhibition constants for apoptotic caspases, caspase-3, -6, -7, and -8. Each of these caspases are inhibited by zinc at intracellular levels but with widely differing inhibition constants and different zinc binding stoichiometries. Caspase-3, -6, and -8 appear to be constitutively inhibited by typical zinc levels, and this inhibition must be lifted to allow activation. The inhibition constant for caspase-7 (76 nM) is much weaker than for the other apoptotic caspases (2.6-6.9 nM) suggesting that caspase-7 is not inactivated by normal zinc concentrations but can be inhibited under conditions of zinc stress. Caspase-3, -7, and -8 were found to bind three, one, and two zincs, respectively. In each of these caspases, zinc was present in the active site, in contrast to caspase-6, which binds one zinc allosterically. The most notable new mechanism to emerge from this work is for zinc-mediated inhibition of caspase-8. Zinc binds caspase-8 directly at the active site and at a second site. Zinc binding inhibits formation of the caspase-8 dimer, the activated form of the enzyme. Together these findings suggest that zinc plays a critical role in regulation of apoptosis by direct inactivation of caspases, in a manner that is unique for each caspase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott J. Eron
- Department of Chemistry, 104 LGRT, 710 N. Pleasant St. University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Derek J. MacPherson
- Department of Chemistry, 104 LGRT, 710 N. Pleasant St. University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Kevin B. Dagbay
- Department of Chemistry, 104 LGRT, 710 N. Pleasant St. University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Jeanne A. Hardy
- Department of Chemistry, 104 LGRT, 710 N. Pleasant St. University of Massachusetts Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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31
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Kjellerup L, Winther AML, Wilson D, Fuglsang AT. Cyclic AMP Pathway Activation and Extracellular Zinc Induce Rapid Intracellular Zinc Mobilization in Candida albicans. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:502. [PMID: 29619016 PMCID: PMC5871664 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 03/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Zinc is an essential micronutrient, required for a range of zinc-dependent enzymes and transcription factors. In mammalian cells, zinc serves as a second messenger molecule. However, a role for zinc in signaling has not yet been established in the fungal kingdom. Here, we used the intracellular zinc reporter, zinbo-5, which allowed visualization of zinc in the endoplasmic reticulum and other components of the internal membrane system in Candida albicans. We provide evidence for a link between cyclic AMP/PKA- and zinc-signaling in this major human fungal pathogen. Glucose stimulation, which triggers a cyclic AMP spike in this fungus resulted in rapid intracellular zinc mobilization and this “zinc flux” could be stimulated with phosphodiesterase inhibitors and blocked via inhibition of adenylate cyclase or PKA. A similar mobilization of intracellular zinc was generated by stimulation of cells with extracellular zinc and this effect could be reversed with the chelator EDTA. However, zinc-induced zinc flux was found to be cyclic AMP independent. In summary, we show that activation of the cyclic AMP/PKA pathway triggers intracellular zinc mobilization in a fungus. To our knowledge, this is the first described link between cyclic AMP signaling and zinc homeostasis in a human fungal pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lasse Kjellerup
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark.,Pcovery ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Duncan Wilson
- Medical Research Council Centre for Medical Mycology, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen Fungal Group, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Anja T Fuglsang
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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32
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Richardson CER, Cunden LS, Butty VL, Nolan EM, Lippard SJ, Shoulders MD. A Method for Selective Depletion of Zn(II) Ions from Complex Biological Media and Evaluation of Cellular Consequences of Zn(II) Deficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:2413-2416. [PMID: 29334734 PMCID: PMC5842789 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
We describe the preparation, evaluation, and application of an S100A12 protein-conjugated solid support, hereafter the "A12-resin", that can remove 99% of Zn(II) from complex biological solutions without significantly perturbing the concentrations of other metal ions. The A12-resin can be applied to selectively deplete Zn(II) from diverse tissue culture media and from other biological fluids, including human serum. To further demonstrate the utility of this approach, we investigated metabolic, transcriptomic, and metallomic responses of HEK293 cells cultured in medium depleted of Zn(II) using S100A12. The resulting data provide insight into how cells respond to acute Zn(II) deficiency. We expect that the A12-resin will facilitate interrogation of disrupted Zn(II) homeostasis in biological settings, uncovering novel roles for Zn(II) in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher E. R. Richardson
- Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Lisa S. Cunden
- Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Vincent L. Butty
- MIT BioMicroCenter, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Elizabeth M. Nolan
- Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen J. Lippard
- Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthew D. Shoulders
- Department of Chemistry, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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33
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Wang Y, Liu E, Lam CH, Perrin DM. A densely modified M 2+-independent DNAzyme that cleaves RNA efficiently with multiple catalytic turnover. Chem Sci 2018; 9:1813-1821. [PMID: 29675226 PMCID: PMC5890787 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04491g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Sequence-specific cleavage of RNA targets in the absence of a divalent metal cation (M2+) has been a long-standing goal in bioorganic chemistry. Herein, we report the in vitro selection of novel RNA cleaving DNAzymes that are selected using 8-histaminyl-deoxyadenosine (dAimTP), 5-guanidinoallyl-deoxyuridine (dUgaTP), and 5-aminoallyl-deoxycytidine (dCaaTP) along with dGTP. These modified dNTPs provide key functionalities reminiscent of the active sites of ribonucleases, notably RNase A. Of several such M2+-free DNAymes, DNAzyme 7-38-32 cleaves a 19 nt all-RNA substrate with multiple-turnover, under simulated physiological conditions wherein only 0.5 mM Mg2+ was present, attaining values of kcat of 1.06 min-1 and a KM of 1.37 μM corresponding to a catalytic efficiency of ∼106 M-1 min-1. Therefore, Dz7-38-32 represents a promising candidate towards the development of therapeutically efficient DNAzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajun Wang
- Chemistry Dept. , UBC , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , BC V6T1Z1 , Canada .
| | - Erkai Liu
- Chemistry Dept. , UBC , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , BC V6T1Z1 , Canada .
| | - Curtis H Lam
- Chemistry Dept. , UBC , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , BC V6T1Z1 , Canada .
| | - David M Perrin
- Chemistry Dept. , UBC , 2036 Main Mall , Vancouver , BC V6T1Z1 , Canada .
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34
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Liu X, Zhang Y, Hao H, Zhang W, Bai L, Wu Y, Zhao H, Zhang H, Ba X. Facile construction of a hyperbranched poly(acrylamide) bearing tetraphenylethene units: a novel fluorescence probe with a highly selective and sensitive response to Zn 2+. RSC Adv 2018; 8:5776-5783. [PMID: 35539606 PMCID: PMC9078268 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra13263h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermo-responsive hyperbranched copoly(bis(N,N-ethyl acrylamide)/(N,N-methylene bisacrylamide)) (HPEAM-MBA) was synthesized by using reversible addition–fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization (RAFT). Interestingly, the zinc ion (Zn2+) was found to have a crucial influence on the lowest critical solution temperature (LCST) of the thermo-responsive polymer. The tetraphenylethylene (TPE) unit was then introduced onto the backbone of the as-prepared thermo-responsive polymer, which endows a Zn2+-responsive “turn-off” effect on the fluorescence properties. The TPE-bearing polymer shows a highly specific response over other metal ions and the “turn-off” response can even be tracked as the concentration of Zn2+ reduces to 2 × 10−5 M. The decrement of fluorescence intensity was linearly dependent on the concentration of Zn2+ in the range of 4–18 μmol L−1. The flexible, versatile and feasible approach, as well as the excellent detection performance, may generate a new type of Zn2+ probe without the tedious synthesis of the moiety bearing Zn2+ recognition units. A novel fluorescent HPEAM-TPEAH, possessing a highly selective and sensitive response to Zn2+, was synthesized using RAFT.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejing Liu
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding
- P. R. China
| | - Yuangong Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding
- P. R. China
| | - Haijing Hao
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding
- P. R. China
| | - Wanju Zhang
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials
- Huanggang Normal University
- Huanggang
- P. R. China
| | - Libin Bai
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding
- P. R. China
- Hubei Key Laboratory for Processing and Application of Catalytic Materials
| | - Yonggang Wu
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding
- P. R. China
| | - Hongchi Zhao
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding
- P. R. China
| | - Hailei Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding
- P. R. China
| | - Xinwu Ba
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Science
- Hebei University
- Baoding
- P. R. China
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35
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Reiber C, Brieger A, Engelhardt G, Hebel S, Rink L, Haase H. Zinc chelation decreases IFN-β-induced STAT1 upregulation and iNOS expression in RAW 264.7 macrophages. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2017; 44:76-82. [PMID: 28965604 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2017.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
One consequence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced stimulation of macrophages is the release of Interferon (IFN)-β, and subsequently the activation of the JAK-STAT1 pathway, resulting in the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Free intracellular zinc ions (Zn2+) have a profound impact as a second messenger in LPS-dependent gene expression. Previous work had indicated a Zn2+-dependent upregulation of STAT1 mRNA in response to LPS and IFN-β, potentially affecting STAT1-dependent downstream signaling upon pre-incubation with these agents. The aim of the present study was to investigate the long-term influence of Zn2+ chelation on cellular STAT1 levels and their effect on protein levels and activity of iNOS. The LPS- and IFN-β-mediated increase of STAT1 mRNA and protein levels was abrogated by chelation of Zn2+ with the membrane permeable chelator N,N,N',N'-Tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) in RAW 264.7 macrophages. After 48h pre-incubation together with IFN-β, TPEN also led to reduced nitric monoxide formation in response to a second stimulation with LPS. Nonetheless, the latter was observed regardless of any pre-incubation with IFN-β, suggesting that the effect of treatment with TPEN negatively affects iNOS induction independently from cellular STAT1 levels. In conclusion, long term Zn2+ chelation does affect STAT1 protein expression, but interferes with NO production by a different, yet unknown pathway not involving STAT1. However, as there are many additional STAT1-dependent genes, there might still be effects on targets other than iNOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cathleen Reiber
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Anne Brieger
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Engelhardt
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Silke Hebel
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Lothar Rink
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Hajo Haase
- Institute of Immunology, Medical Faculty, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstrasse 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany; Department of Food Chemistry and Toxicology, Berlin Institute of Technology, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, D-13355 Berlin, Germany.
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36
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Manickam A, Singh R, McDermott M, Wood N, Bolouki S, Naraghi-Arani P, Johnson K, Kuimelis RG, Schoolnik G, Hassibi A. A Fully Integrated CMOS Fluorescence Biochip for DNA and RNA Testing. IEEE JOURNAL OF SOLID-STATE CIRCUITS 2017; 52:2857-2870. [PMID: 30853715 PMCID: PMC6407865 DOI: 10.1109/jssc.2017.2754363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Design and successful implementation of a fully-integrated CMOS fluorescence biochip for DNA/RNA testing in molecular diagnostics (MDx) is presented. The biochip includes a 32×32 array of continuous wave fluorescence detection biosensing elements. Each biosensing element is capable of having unique DNA probe sequences, wavelength-selective multi-dielectric emission filter (OD of 3.6), resistive heater for thermal cycling, and a high performance and programmable photodetector. The dimension of each biosensor is 100µm×100µm with a 50µm×50µm Nwell-Psub photodiode acting as the optical transducer, and a ΣΔ modulator based photocurrent sensor. The measured photodetector performance shows ~116 dB detection dynamic range (10fA - 10nA) over the 25°C - 100°C temperature range, while being ~1 dB away from the fundamental shot-noise limit. To empirically demonstrate the compatibility of this biochip with MDx applications, we have successfully utilized the array and its thermal cycling capability to adopt a 7-plex panel for detection of 6 human upper respiratory viruses.
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37
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Castaneda CA, Lopez JE, Joseph CG, Scholle MD, Mrksich M, Fierke CA. Active Site Metal Identity Alters Histone Deacetylase 8 Substrate Selectivity: A Potential Novel Regulatory Mechanism. Biochemistry 2017; 56:5663-5670. [PMID: 28937750 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.7b00851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Histone deacetylase 8 (HDAC8) is a well-characterized member of the class I acetyl-lysine deacetylase (HDAC) family. Previous work has shown that the efficiency of HDAC8-catalyzed deacetylation of a methylcoumarin peptide varies depending on the identity of the divalent metal ion in the HDAC8 active site. Here we demonstrate that both HDAC8 activity and substrate selectivity for a diverse range of peptide substrates depend on the identity of the active site metal ion. Varied deacetylase activities of Fe(II)- and Zn(II)-HDAC8 toward an array of peptide substrates were identified using self-assembled monolayers for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (SAMDI) mass spectrometry. Subsequently, the metal dependence of deacetylation of peptides of biological interest was measured using an in vitro peptide assay. While Fe(II)-HDAC8 is generally more active than Zn(II)-HDAC8, the Fe(II)/Zn(II) HDAC8 activity ratio varies widely (from 2 to 150) among the peptides tested. These data provide support for the hypothesis that HDAC8 may undergo metal switching in vivo that, in turn, may regulate its activity. However, future studies are needed to explore the identity of the metal ion bound to HDAC8 in cells under varied conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carol Ann Castaneda
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Jeffrey E Lopez
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Caleb G Joseph
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
| | - Michael D Scholle
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Milan Mrksich
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Carol A Fierke
- Program in Chemical Biology, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan , Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Abstract
The cellular constitution of Zn-proteins and Zn-dependent signaling depend on the capacity of Zn2+ to find specific binding sites in the face of a plethora of other high affinity ligands. The most prominent of these is metallothionein (MT). It serves as a storage site for Zn2+ under various conditions, and has chemical properties that support a dynamic role for MT in zinc trafficking. Consistent with these characteristics, changing the availability of zinc for cells and tissues causes rapid alteration of zinc bound to MT. Nevertheless, zinc trafficking occurs in metallothionein-null animals and cells, hypothetically making use of proteomic binding sites to mediate the intracellular movements of zinc. Like metallothionein, the proteome contains a large concentration of proteins that strongly coordinate zinc. In this environment, free Zn2+ may be of little significance. Instead, this review sets forth the basis for the hypothesis that components of the proteome and MT jointly provide the platform for zinc trafficking.
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Affiliation(s)
- David H Petering
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53217, USA.
| | - Afsana Mahim
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI 53217, USA.
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Thompson RB, Fierke CA. Measuring and Imaging Metal Ions With Fluorescence-Based Biosensors: Speciation, Selectivity, Kinetics, and Other Issues. Methods Enzymol 2017; 589:281-299. [PMID: 28336067 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2017.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Fluorescence-based biosensors have shown themselves to be a powerful tool for the study of a variety of chemical species in biological systems, notably including metal ions. This chapter provides an overview of several important issues in using such sensors to study metallobiochemistry. These issues include selectivity for the analyte over potential interferents, including those that do not themselves induce a signal, the different forms in which metal ions are found (speciation), the utility of metal ion buffers, and the importance of kinetics in studying metal ion binding reactions. Finally, the chapter briefly discusses some of the issues in understanding whole-organism distribution of metal ions and its control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard B Thompson
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States.
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40
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Yu X, Blanden A, Tsang AT, Zaman S, Liu Y, Gilleran J, Bencivenga AF, Kimball SD, Loh SN, Carpizo DR. Thiosemicarbazones Functioning as Zinc Metallochaperones to Reactivate Mutant p53. Mol Pharmacol 2017; 91:567-575. [PMID: 28320780 DOI: 10.1124/mol.116.107409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-molecule restoration of wild-type structure and function to mutant p53 (so-called mutant reactivation) is a highly sought-after goal in cancer drug development. We previously discovered that small-molecule zinc chelators called zinc metallochaperones (ZMCs) reactivate mutant p53 by restoring zinc binding to zinc-deficient p53 mutants. The lead compound identified from the NCI-60 human tumor cell lines screen, NSC319726 (ZMC1), belongs to the thiosemicarbazone (TSC) class of metal ion chelators that bind iron, copper, magnesium, zinc, and other transition metals. Here, we have investigated the other TSCs, NSC319725 and NSC328784, identified in the same screen, as well as the more well studied TSC, 3-AP (Triapine), to determine whether they function as ZMCs. We measured the zinc Kd zinc ionophore activity, ability to restore zinc to purified p53 DNA binding domain (DBD), and ability to restore site-specific DNA binding to purified R175H-DBD in vitro. We tested all four TSCs in a number of cell-based assays to examine mutant p53 reactivation and the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We found that NSC319725 and NSC328784 behave similarly to ZMC1 in both biophysical and cell-based assays and are heretofore named ZMC2 (NSC319725) and ZMC3 (NSC328784). 3-AP generates a ROS signal similar to ZMC1-3, but it fails to function as a ZMC both in vitro and in cells and ultimately does not reactivate p53. These findings indicate that not all TSCs function as ZMCs, and much of their activity can be predicted by their affinity for zinc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yu
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
| | - Adam Blanden
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
| | - Ashley T Tsang
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
| | - Saif Zaman
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
| | - Yue Liu
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
| | - John Gilleran
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
| | - Anthony F Bencivenga
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
| | - S David Kimball
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
| | - Stewart N Loh
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
| | - Darren R Carpizo
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey (X.Y., A.T.T., S.Z., Y.L., D.R.C.), Department of Surgery, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School (X.Y., A.T.T, Y.L., D.R.C.), Rutgers Translational Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology (S.D.K.), Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Rutgers Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy (J.G., A.F.B., S.D.K.), Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, State University of New York (SUNY) Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York (A.B., S.N.L.); and Mount Sinai St. Luke's Roosevelt General Surgery Residency Program, New York, New York (A.T.T.)
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41
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Zhu J, Zhang Y, Chen Y, Sun T, Tang Y, Huang Y, Yang Q, Ma D, Wang Y, Wang M. A Schiff base fluorescence probe for highly selective turn-on recognition of Zn2+. Tetrahedron Lett 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2016.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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42
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Macias-Contreras M, Daykin KL, Simmons JT, Allen JR, Hooper ZS, Davidson MW, Zhu L. Progressive structural modification to a zinc-actuated photoinduced electron transfer (PeT) switch in the context of intracellular zinc imaging. Org Biomol Chem 2017; 15:9139-9148. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ob02235b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Zinc-targeting sensors that contain an anilino-based electron donor (aka, the PeT switch) are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirsten L. Daykin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - J. Tyler Simmons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - John R. Allen
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Department of Biological Science
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - Zachary S. Hooper
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - Michael W. Davidson
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory and Department of Biological Science
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
| | - Lei Zhu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Florida State University
- Tallahassee
- USA
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43
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Sharma RK, Gajanan LK, Mehata MS, Hussain F, Kumar A. Synthesis, characterization and fluorescence turn-on behavior of new porphyrin analogue: meta-benziporphodimethenes. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 169:58-65. [PMID: 27337052 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
New fluorescence switch-on meso-substituted free base meta-benziporphodimethenes were synthesized, characterized via acid catalyzed condensation reaction and metallated with Zn(2+). Their photophysical properties were also studied. The fluorescence spectra analysis demonstrates substituent's independent behaviour on emitting λmax. The average Stokes shift of 33nm was observed. Crystal structure of 8 was obtained and gave expected perturbed geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Sharma
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Bawana Road, Delhi, India
| | - Lale Kiran Gajanan
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Bawana Road, Delhi, India
| | - Mohan Singh Mehata
- Department of Applied Physics, Delhi Technological University, Bawana Road, Delhi, India
| | | | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Delhi Technological University, Bawana Road, Delhi, India.
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44
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Abstract
![]()
Genetically encoded
FRET-based sensor proteins have significantly
contributed to our current understanding of the intracellular functions
of Zn2+. However, the external excitation required for
these fluorescent sensors can give rise to photobleaching and phototoxicity
during long-term imaging, limits applications that suffer from autofluorescence
and light scattering, and is not compatible with light-sensitive cells.
For these applications, sensor proteins based on Bioluminescence Resonance
Energy Transfer (BRET) would provide an attractive alternative. In
this work, we used the bright and stable luciferase NanoLuc to create
the first genetically encoded BRET sensors for measuring intracellular
Zn2+. Using a new sensor approach, the NanoLuc domain was
fused to the Cerulean donor domain of two previously developed FRET
sensors, eCALWY and eZinCh-2. In addition to preserving the excellent
Zn2+ affinity and specificity of their predecessors, these
newly developed sensors enable both BRET- and FRET-based detection.
While the dynamic range of the BRET signal for the eCALWY-based BLCALWY-1
sensor was limited by the presence of two competing BRET pathways,
BRET/FRET sensors based on the eZinCh-2 scaffold (BLZinCh-1 and -2)
yielded robust 25–30% changes in BRET ratio. In addition, introduction
of a chromophore-silencing mutation resulted in a BRET-only sensor
(BLZinCh-3) with increased BRET response (50%) and an unexpected 10-fold
increase in Zn2+ affinity. The combination of robust ratiometric
response, physiologically relevant Zn2+ affinities, and
stable and bright luminescence signal offered by the BLZinCh sensors
allowed monitoring of intracellular Zn2+ in plate-based
assays as well as intracellular BRET-based imaging in single living
cells in real time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stijn J. A. Aper
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS),
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Pieterjan Dierickx
- Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Division
of Heart and Lungs, Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maarten Merkx
- Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Institute for Complex Molecular Systems (ICMS),
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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45
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Qian C, Colvin RA. Zinc flexes its muscle: Correcting a novel analysis of calcium for zinc interference uncovers a method to measure zinc. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016; 147:95-102. [PMID: 26712852 PMCID: PMC4692492 DOI: 10.1085/jgp.201511493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The divalent cation chelator 1,2-bis(o-aminophenoxy)ethane-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (BAPTA), often used to buffer physiological changes in cytosolic Ca(2+), also binds Zn(2+) with high affinity. In a recently published method (Lamboley et al. 2015. J. Gen. Physiol. http://dx.doi.org/10.1085/jgp.201411250), the absorbance shift of BAPTA at 292 nm was successfully used to determine the total calcium concentrations of various skeletal muscle tissues. In the present study, we show that endogenous Zn(2+) in rat skeletal muscle tissue can be unknowingly measured as "Ca(2+)," unless appropriate measures are taken to eliminate Zn(2+) interference. We analyzed two rat skeletal muscle tissues, soleus and plantaris, for total calcium and zinc using either inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) or the BAPTA method described above. ICP-MS analysis showed that total zinc contents in soleus and plantaris were large enough to affect the determination of total calcium by the BAPTA method (calcium = 1.72 ± 0.31 and 1.96 ± 0.14, and zinc = 0.528 ± 0.04 and 0.192 ± 0.01; mean ± standard error of the mean [SEM]; n = 5; mmole/kg, respectively). We next analyzed total calcium using BAPTA but included the Zn(2+)-specific chelator N,N,N',N'-tetrakis(2-pyridylmethyl)ethylenediamine (TPEN) that buffers Zn(2+) without affecting Ca(2+)/BAPTA binding. We found that estimated concentrations of total calcium ([CaT]WM) in soleus and plantaris were reduced after TPEN addition ([CaT]WM = 3.71 ± 0.62 and 3.57 ± 0.64 without TPEN and 3.39 ± 0.64 and 3.42 ± 0.62 with TPEN; mean ± SEM; n = 3; mmole/kg, respectively). Thus, we show that a straightforward correction can be applied to the BAPTA method to improve the accuracy of the determination of total calcium that should be applicable to most any tissue studied. In addition, we show that using TPEN in combination with the BAPTA method allows one to make reasonable estimates of total zinc concentration that are in agreement with the direct determination of zinc concentration by ICP-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Qian
- Department of Biological Sciences, Neuroscience Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701
| | - Robert A Colvin
- Department of Biological Sciences, Neuroscience Program, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701
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Hagerty S, Daniels Y, Singletary M, Pustovyy O, Globa L, MacCrehan WA, Muramoto S, Stan G, Lau JW, Morrison EE, Sorokulova I, Vodyanoy V. After oxidation, zinc nanoparticles lose their ability to enhance responses to odorants. Biometals 2016; 29:1005-1018. [PMID: 27649965 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-016-9972-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrical responses of olfactory sensory neurons to odorants were examined in the presence of zinc nanoparticles of various sizes and degrees of oxidation. The zinc nanoparticles were prepared by the underwater electrical discharge method and analyzed by atomic force microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Small (1.2 ± 0.3 nm) zinc nanoparticles significantly enhanced electrical responses of olfactory neurons to odorants. After oxidation, however, these small zinc nanoparticles were no longer capable of enhancing olfactory responses. Larger zinc oxide nanoparticles (15 nm and 70 nm) also did not modulate responses to odorants. Neither zinc nor zinc oxide nanoparticles produced olfactory responses when added without odorants. The enhancement of odorant responses by small zinc nanoparticles was explained by the creation of olfactory receptor dimers initiated by small zinc nanoparticles. The results of this work will clarify the mechanisms for the initial events in olfaction, as well as to provide new ways to alleviate anosmia related to the loss of olfactory receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha Hagerty
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Yasmine Daniels
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Singletary
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Oleg Pustovyy
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Ludmila Globa
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - William A MacCrehan
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Shin Muramoto
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Gheorghe Stan
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - June W Lau
- Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA
| | - Edward E Morrison
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Iryna Sorokulova
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA
| | - Vitaly Vodyanoy
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, AL, USA.
- Auburn University, 109 Greene Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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47
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Magrì A, Tabbì G, Giuffrida A, Pappalardo G, Satriano C, Naletova I, Nicoletti VG, Attanasio F. Influence of the N-terminus acetylation of Semax, a synthetic analog of ACTH(4-10), on copper(II) and zinc(II) coordination and biological properties. J Inorg Biochem 2016; 164:59-69. [PMID: 27586814 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2016.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 08/23/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Semax is a heptapeptide (Met-Glu-His-Phe-Pro-Gly-Pro) that encompasses the sequence 4-7 of N-terminal domain of the adrenocorticotropic hormone and a C-terminal Pro-Gly-Pro tripeptide. N-terminal amino group acetylation (Ac-Semax) modulates the chemical and biological properties of parental peptide, modifying the ability of Semax to form complex species with Cu(II) ion. At physiological pH, the main complex species formed by Ac-Semax, [CuLH-2]2-, consists in a distorted CuN3O chromophore with a weak apical interaction of the methionine sulphur. Such a complex differs from the Cu(II)-Semax complex system, which exhibits a CuN4 chromophore. The reduced ligand field affects the [CuLH-2]2- formal redox potential, which is more positive than that of Cu(II)-Semax corresponding species. In the amino-free form, the resulting complex species is redox-stable and unreactive against ascorbic acid, unlike the acetylated form. Semax acetylation did not protect from Cu(II) induced toxicity on a SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cell line, thus demonstrating the crucial role played by the free NH2 terminus in the cell protection. Since several brain diseases are associated either to Cu(II) or Zn(II) dyshomeostasis, here we characterized also the complex species formed by Zn(II) with Semax and Ac-Semax. Both peptides were able to form Zn(II) complex species with comparable strength. Confocal microscopy imaging confirmed that peptide group acetylation does not affect the Zn(II) influx in neuroblastoma cells. Moreover, a punctuate distribution of Zn(II) within the cells suggests a preferred subcellular localization that might explain the zinc toxic effect. A future perspective can be the use of Ac-Semax as ionophore in antibody drug conjugates to produce a dysmetallostasis in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Magrì
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giovanni Tabbì
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Giuffrida
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pappalardo
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy
| | - Cristina Satriano
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Irina Naletova
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy; Consorzio Interuniversitario C.I.R.C.S.M.B., Via C. Ulpiani 27, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Vincenzo G Nicoletti
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Attanasio
- Istituto di Biostrutture e Bioimmagini, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Via P. Gaifami 18, 95126 Catania, Italy.
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Sharma RK, Maurya A, Rajamani P, Mehata MS, Kumar A. meta-Benziporphodimethenes: New Cell-Imaging Porphyrin Analogue Molecules. ChemistrySelect 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201600812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar Sharma
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Delhi Technological University; Bawana Road Delhi-42 India
| | - Anurag Maurya
- School of Environmental Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; Delhi-67 India
| | - Paulraj Rajamani
- School of Environmental Sciences; Jawaharlal Nehru University; Delhi-67 India
| | - Mohan Singh Mehata
- Department of Applied Physics; Delhi Technological University; Bawana Road Delhi-42 India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Applied Chemistry; Delhi Technological University; Bawana Road Delhi-42 India
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Imaging trace element distributions in single organelles and subcellular features. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21437. [PMID: 26911251 PMCID: PMC4766485 DOI: 10.1038/srep21437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The distributions of chemical elements within cells are of prime importance in a wide range of basic and applied biochemical research. An example is the role of the subcellular Zn distribution in Zn homeostasis in insulin producing pancreatic beta cells and the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. We combined transmission electron microscopy with micro- and nano-synchrotron X-ray fluorescence to image unequivocally for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, the natural elemental distributions, including those of trace elements, in single organelles and other subcellular features. Detected elements include Cl, K, Ca, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn and Cd (which some cells were supplemented with). Cell samples were prepared by a technique that minimally affects the natural elemental concentrations and distributions, and without using fluorescent indicators. It could likely be applied to all cell types and provide new biochemical insights at the single organelle level not available from organelle population level studies.
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