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Chen X, Ma R, Wu W, Gao R, Shu Y, Dong M, Guo M, Tang D, Li D, Ji S. Wighteone, a prenylated flavonoid from licorice, inhibits growth of SW480 colorectal cancer cells by allosteric inhibition of Akt. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 330:118195. [PMID: 38641080 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.118195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 03/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Licorice is a frequently used herbal medicine worldwide, and is used to treat cough, hepatitis, cancer and influenza in clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine. Modern pharmacological studies indicate that prenylated flavonoids play an important role in the anti-tumor activity of licorice, especially the tumors in stomach, lung, colon and liver. Wighteone is one of the main prenylated flavonoids in licorice, and its possible effect and target against colorectal cancer have not been investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY This study aimed to investigate the anti-colorectal cancer effect and underlying mechanism of wighteone. MATERIALS AND METHODS SW480 human colorectal cancer cells were used to evaluate the in vitro anti-colorectal cancer activity and Akt regulation effect of wighteone by flow cytometry, phosphoproteomic and Western blot analysis. Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) assay, molecular docking and dynamics simulation, and kinase activity assay were used to investigate the direct interaction between wighteone and Akt. A nude mouse xenograft model with SW480 cells was used to verify the in vivo anti-colorectal cancer activity of wighteone. RESULTS Wighteone inhibited phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream kinases in SW480 cells, which led to a reduction in cell viability. Wighteone had direct interaction with both PH and kinase domains of Akt, which locked Akt in a "closed" conformation with allosteric inhibition, and Gln79, Tyr272, Arg273 and Lys297 played the most critical role due to their hydrogen bond and hydrophobic interactions with wighteone. Based on Akt overexpression or activation in SW480 cells, further mechanistic studies suggested that wighteone-induced Akt inhibition led to cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagic death of SW480 cells. Moreover, wighteone exerted in vivo anti-colorectal cancer effect and Akt inhibition activity in the nude mouse xenograft model. CONCLUSION Wighteone could inhibit growth of SW480 cells through allosteric inhibition of Akt, which led to cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagic death. The results contributed to understanding of the anti-tumor mechanism of licorice, and also provided a rationale to design novel Akt allosteric inhibitors for the treatment of colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Ruili Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Weiguo Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Ran Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Yikang Shu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Mingxin Dong
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510640, China.
| | - Mengzhe Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Daoquan Tang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Danhua Li
- Department of Pathology, Laboratory of Clinical and Experimental Pathology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Shuai Ji
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
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Amiran MR, Taghdir M, Joozdani FA. Molecular insights into the behavior of the allosteric and ATP-competitive inhibitors in interaction with AKT1 protein: A molecular dynamics study. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 242:124853. [PMID: 37172698 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
AKT1 is a family of serine/threonine kinases that play a key role in regulating cell growth, proliferation, metabolism, and survival. Two significant classes of AKT1 inhibitors (allosteric and ATP-competitive) are used in clinical development, and both of them could be effective in specific conditions. In this study, we investigated the effect of several different inhibitors on two conformations of the AKT1 by computational approach. We studied the effects of four inhibitors, including MK-2206, Miransertib, Herbacetin, and Shogaol, on the inactive conformation of AKT1 protein and the effects of four inhibitors, Capivasertib, AT7867, Quercetin, and Oridonin molecules on the active conformation of AKT1 protein. The results of simulations showed that each inhibitor creates a stable complex with AKT1 protein, although AKT1/Shogaol and AKT1/AT7867 complexes showed less stability than other complexes. Based on RMSF calculations, the fluctuation of residues in the mentioned complexes is higher than in other complexes. As compared to other complexes in either of its two conformations, MK-2206 has a stronger binding free energy affinity in the inactive conformation, -203.446 kJ/mol. MM-PBSA calculations showed that the van der Waals interactions contribute more than the electrostatic interactions to the binding energy of inhibitors to AKT1 protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Amiran
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115_111, Iran
| | - Majid Taghdir
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115_111, Iran.
| | - Farzane Abasi Joozdani
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115_111, Iran
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3
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Stehle J, Weisner J, Eichhorn L, Rauh D, Drescher M. Insights into the Conformational Plasticity of the Protein Kinase Akt1 by Multi-Lateral Dipolar Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203959. [PMID: 36795969 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
The serine/threonine kinase Akt1 is part of the PI3 K/Akt pathway and plays a key role in the regulation of various cellular processes such as cell growth, proliferation, and apoptosis. Here, we analyzed the elasticity between the two domains of the kinase Akt1, connected by a flexible linker, recording a wide variety of distance restraints by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. We studied full length Akt1 and the influence of the cancer-associated mutation E17K. The conformational landscape in the presence of different modulators, like different types of inhibitors and membranes was presented, revealing a tuned flexibility between the two domains, dependent on the bound molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Stehle
- Department of Chemistry and, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Jörn Weisner
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Leanne Eichhorn
- Department of Chemistry and, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University, Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Straße 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Malte Drescher
- Department of Chemistry and, Konstanz Research School Chemical Biology (KoRS-CB), University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457, Konstanz, Germany
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4
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van der Westhuizen L, Weisner J, Taher A, Landel I, Quambusch L, Lindemann M, Uhlenbrock N, Müller MP, Green IR, Pelly SC, Rauh D, van Otterlo WAL. Covalent allosteric inhibitors of Akt generated using a click fragment approach. ChemMedChem 2022; 17:e202100776. [PMID: 35170857 PMCID: PMC9311865 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202100776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Akt is a protein kinase that has been implicated in the progression of cancerous tumours. A number of covalent allosteric Akt inhibitors are known, and based on these scaffolds, a small library of novel potential covalent allosteric imidazopyridine‐based inhibitors was designed. The envisaged compounds were synthesised, with click chemistry enabling a modular approach to a number of the target compounds. The binding modes, potencies and antiproliferative activities of these synthesised compounds were explored, thereby furthering the structure activity relationship knowledge of this class of Akt inhibitors. Three novel covalent inhibitors were identified, exhibiting moderate activity against Akt1 and various cancer cell lines, potentially paving the way for future covalent allosteric inhibitors with improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jörn Weisner
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Abu Taher
- Stellenbosch University, Chemistry and Polymer Science, SOUTH AFRICA
| | - Ina Landel
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Lena Quambusch
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Marius Lindemann
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Niklas Uhlenbrock
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Matthias P Müller
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Ivan R Green
- Stellenbosch University, Chemistry and Polymer Science, SOUTH AFRICA
| | | | - Daniel Rauh
- TU Dortmund: Technische Universitat Dortmund, Chemistry and Chemical Biology, GERMANY
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Stellenbosch University, Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Department of Chemistry and Polyme, Merriman Street, 7602, Stellenbosch, SOUTH AFRICA
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5
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Hua H, Zhang H, Chen J, Wang J, Liu J, Jiang Y. Targeting Akt in cancer for precision therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2021; 14:128. [PMID: 34419139 PMCID: PMC8379749 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-021-01137-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers-guided precision therapeutics has revolutionized the clinical development and administration of molecular-targeted anticancer agents. Tailored precision cancer therapy exhibits better response rate compared to unselective treatment. Protein kinases have critical roles in cell signaling, metabolism, proliferation, survival and migration. Aberrant activation of protein kinases is critical for tumor growth and progression. Hence, protein kinases are key targets for molecular targeted cancer therapy. The serine/threonine kinase Akt is frequently activated in various types of cancer. Activation of Akt promotes tumor progression and drug resistance. Since the first Akt inhibitor was reported in 2000, many Akt inhibitors have been developed and evaluated in either early or late stage of clinical trials, which take advantage of liquid biopsy and genomic or molecular profiling to realize personalized cancer therapy. Two inhibitors, capivasertib and ipatasertib, are being tested in phase III clinical trials for cancer therapy. Here, we highlight recent progress of Akt signaling pathway, review the up-to-date data from clinical studies of Akt inhibitors and discuss the potential biomarkers that may help personalized treatment of cancer with Akt inhibitors. In addition, we also discuss how Akt may confer the vulnerability of cancer cells to some kinds of anticancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hongying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jingzhu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jiao Wang
- School of Basic Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jieya Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Wright SCE, Vasilevski N, Serra V, Rodon J, Eichhorn PJA. Mechanisms of Resistance to PI3K Inhibitors in Cancer: Adaptive Responses, Drug Tolerance and Cellular Plasticity. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071538. [PMID: 33810522 PMCID: PMC8037590 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway plays a central role in the regulation of several signalling cascades which regulate biological processes such as cellular growth, survival, proliferation, motility and angiogenesis. The hyperactivation of this pathway is linked to tumour progression and is one of the most common events in human cancers. Additionally, aberrant activation of the PI3K pathway has been demonstrated to limit the effectiveness of a number of anti-tumour agents paving the way for the development and implementation of PI3K inhibitors in the clinic. However, the overall effectiveness of these compounds has been greatly limited by inadequate target engagement due to reactivation of the pathway by compensatory mechanisms. Herein, we review the common adaptive responses that lead to reactivation of the PI3K pathway, therapy resistance and potential strategies to overcome these mechanisms of resistance. Furthermore, we highlight the potential role in changes in cellular plasticity and PI3K inhibitor resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Christine Elisabeth Wright
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia;
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.C.E.W.); (N.V.)
| | - Natali Vasilevski
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia;
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Correspondence: (S.C.E.W.); (N.V.)
| | - Violeta Serra
- Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d’Hebron University Hospital, 08035 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Jordi Rodon
- MD Anderson Cancer Center, Investigational Cancer Therapeutics Department, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Pieter Johan Adam Eichhorn
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin Medical School, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia;
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley 6102, Australia
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117597, Singapore
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7
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Liu G, Shi A, Wang N, Li M, He X, Yin C, Tu Q, Shen X, Tao Y, Wang Q, Yin H. Polyphenolic Proanthocyanidin-B2 suppresses proliferation of liver cancer cells and hepatocellular carcinogenesis through directly binding and inhibiting AKT activity. Redox Biol 2020; 37:101701. [PMID: 32863234 PMCID: PMC7472926 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The well-documented anticarcinogenic properties of natural polyphenolic proanthocyanidins (OPC) have been primarily attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potency. Emerging evidence suggests that OPC may target canonical oncogenic pathways, including PI3K/AKT; however, the underlying mechanism and therapeutic potential remain elusive. Here we identify that proanthocyanidin B2 (OPC-B2) directly binds and inhibits AKT activity and downstream signalling, thereby suppressing tumour cell proliferation and metabolism in vitro and in a xenograft and diethyl-nitrosamine (DEN)-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mouse models. We further find that OPC-B2 binds to the catalytic and regulatory PH domains to lock the protein in a closed conformation, similar to the well-studied AKT allosteric inhibitor MK-2206. Molecular docking and dynamic simulation suggest that Lys297 and Arg86 are critical sites of OPC-B2 binding; mutation of Lys297 or Arg86 to alanine completely abolishes the antitumor effects of OPC-B2 but not MK-2206. Together, our study reveals that OPC-B2 is a novel allosteric AKT inhibitor with potent anti-tumour efficacy beyond its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guijun Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China
| | - Aimin Shi
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Ningning Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China
| | - Xuxiao He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China
| | - Chunzhao Yin
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Qiaochu Tu
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Xia Shen
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China
| | - Yongzhen Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Institute of Food Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Huiyong Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nutrition, Metabolism and Food Safety, Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health (SINH), Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shanghai, 200031, China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, CAS, Beijing, China; Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment, Ministry of Health, Beijing, China; School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, 201210, China.
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8
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Quambusch L, Landel I, Depta L, Weisner J, Uhlenbrock N, Müller MP, Glanemann F, Althoff K, Siveke JT, Rauh D. Covalent‐Allosteric Inhibitors to Achieve Akt Isoform‐Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201909857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Quambusch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD)Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Ina Landel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD)Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Laura Depta
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD)Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Jörn Weisner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD)Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Niklas Uhlenbrock
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD)Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Matthias P. Müller
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD)Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
| | - Franziska Glanemann
- Institute of Developmental Cancer TherapeuticsWest German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen Essen Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational OncologyGerman Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Kristina Althoff
- Institute of Developmental Cancer TherapeuticsWest German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen Essen Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational OncologyGerman Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Jens T. Siveke
- Institute of Developmental Cancer TherapeuticsWest German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen Essen Germany
- Division of Solid Tumor Translational OncologyGerman Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Research Center (DKFZ) Heidelberg Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical BiologyTU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD)Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a 44227 Dortmund Germany
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9
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Quambusch L, Landel I, Depta L, Weisner J, Uhlenbrock N, Müller MP, Glanemann F, Althoff K, Siveke JT, Rauh D. Covalent-Allosteric Inhibitors to Achieve Akt Isoform-Selectivity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:18823-18829. [PMID: 31584233 PMCID: PMC6972997 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201909857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Isoforms of protein kinase Akt are involved in essential processes including cell proliferation, survival, and metabolism. However, their individual roles in health and disease have not been thoroughly evaluated. Thus, there is an urgent need for perturbation studies, preferably mediated by highly selective bioactive small molecules. Herein, we present a structure‐guided approach for the design of structurally diverse and pharmacologically beneficial covalent‐allosteric modifiers, which enabled an investigation of the isoform‐specific preferences and the important residues within the allosteric site of the different isoforms. The biochemical, cellular, and structural evaluations revealed interactions responsible for the selective binding profiles. The isoform‐selective covalent‐allosteric Akt inhibitors that emerged from this approach showed a conclusive structure–activity relationship and broke ground in the development of selective probes to delineate the isoform‐specific functions of Akt kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Quambusch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Ina Landel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Laura Depta
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jörn Weisner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Niklas Uhlenbrock
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Matthias P Müller
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Franziska Glanemann
- Institute of Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kristina Althoff
- Institute of Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jens T Siveke
- Institute of Developmental Cancer Therapeutics, West German Cancer Center, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany.,Division of Solid Tumor Translational Oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK, partner site Essen) and German Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, TU Dortmund University and Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD), Zentrum für Integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW), Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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10
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Uhlenbrock N, Smith S, Weisner J, Landel I, Lindemann M, Le TA, Hardick J, Gontla R, Scheinpflug R, Czodrowski P, Janning P, Depta L, Quambusch L, Müller MP, Engels B, Rauh D. Structural and chemical insights into the covalent-allosteric inhibition of the protein kinase Akt. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3573-3585. [PMID: 30996949 PMCID: PMC6430017 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05212c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Structure-based driven synthesis and biological evaluation provide innovative novel covalent-allosteric Akt inhibitors.
The Ser/Thr kinase Akt (Protein Kinase B/PKB) is a master switch in cellular signal transduction pathways. Its downstream signaling influences cell proliferation, cell growth, and apoptosis, rendering Akt a prominent drug target. The unique activation mechanism of Akt involves a change of the relative orientation of its N-terminal pleckstrin homology (PH) and the kinase domain and makes this kinase suitable for highly specific allosteric modulation. Here we present a unique set of crystal structures of covalent-allosteric interdomain inhibitors in complex with full-length Akt and report the structure-based design, synthesis, biological and pharmacological evaluation of a focused library of these innovative inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Uhlenbrock
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Steven Smith
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Jörn Weisner
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Ina Landel
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Marius Lindemann
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Thien Anh Le
- Faculty for Chemistry and Pharmacy , Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Emil-Fischer-Strasse 42 , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Julia Hardick
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Rajesh Gontla
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Rebekka Scheinpflug
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Paul Czodrowski
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Petra Janning
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie , Abteilung Chemische Biologie , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 11 , 44227 Dortmund , Germany
| | - Laura Depta
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Lena Quambusch
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Matthias P Müller
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
| | - Bernd Engels
- Faculty for Chemistry and Pharmacy , Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie , Universität Würzburg , Emil-Fischer-Strasse 42 , 97074 Würzburg , Germany
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Biology , TU Dortmund University , Drug Discovery Hub Dortmund (DDHD) am Zentrum für integrierte Wirkstoffforschung (ZIW) , Otto-Hahn-Strasse 4a , 44227 Dortmund , Germany . ; http://www.ddhdortmund.de ; www.twitter.com/DDHDortmund
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11
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Astl L, Tse A, Verkhivker GM. Interrogating Regulatory Mechanisms in Signaling Proteins by Allosteric Inhibitors and Activators: A Dynamic View Through the Lens of Residue Interaction Networks. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2019; 1163:187-223. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-13-8719-7_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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13
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Nitulescu GM, Margina D, Juzenas P, Peng Q, Olaru OT, Saloustros E, Fenga C, Spandidos DΑ, Libra M, Tsatsakis AM. Akt inhibitors in cancer treatment: The long journey from drug discovery to clinical use (Review). Int J Oncol 2015; 48:869-85. [PMID: 26698230 PMCID: PMC4750533 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2015.3306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted cancer therapies are used to inhibit the growth, progression, and metastasis of the tumor by interfering with specific molecular targets and are currently the focus of anticancer drug development. Protein kinase B, also known as Akt, plays a central role in many types of cancer and has been validated as a therapeutic target nearly two decades ago. This review summarizes the intracellular functions of Akt as a pivotal point of converging signaling pathways involved in cell growth, proliferation, apoptotis and neo‑angiogenesis, and focuses on the drug design strategies to develop potent anticancer agents targeting Akt. The discovery process of Akt inhibitors has evolved from adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‑competitive agents to alternative approaches employing allosteric sites in order to overcome the high degree of structural similarity between Akt isoforms in the catalytic domain, and considerable structural analogy to the AGC kinase family. This process has led to the discovery of inhibitors with greater specificity, reduced side-effects and lower toxicity. A second generation of Akt has inhibitors emerged by incorporating a chemically reactive Michael acceptor template to target the nucleophile cysteines in the catalytic activation loop. The review outlines the development of several promising drug candidates emphasizing the importance of each chemical scaffold. We explore the pipeline of Akt inhibitors and their preclinical and clinical examination status, presenting the potential clinical application of these agents as a monotherapy or in combination with ionizing radiation, other targeted therapies, or chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Mihai Nitulescu
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Denisa Margina
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Petras Juzenas
- Department of Pathology, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Qian Peng
- Department of Pathology, Radiumhospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Octavian Tudorel Olaru
- Faculty of Pharmacy, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest 020956, Romania
| | - Emmanouil Saloustros
- Oncology Unit, General Hospital of Heraklion 'Venizelio', Heraklion 71409, Greece
| | - Concettina Fenga
- Section of Occupational Medicine, University of Messina, I-98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Demetrios Α Spandidos
- Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
| | - Massimo Libra
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, General and Clinical Pathology and Oncology Section, University of Catania, I‑95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Aristidis M Tsatsakis
- Department of Forensic Sciences and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Greece
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14
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Abstract
Small-molecule kinase inhibitors are invaluable targeted therapeutics for the treatment of various human diseases, especially cancers. While the majority of approved and developed preclinical small-molecule inhibitors are characterized as type I or type II inhibitors that target the ATP-binding pocket of kinases, the remarkable sequential and structural similarity among ATP pockets renders the selective inhibition of kinases a daunting challenge. Therefore, targeting allosteric pockets of kinases outside the highly conversed ATP pocket has been proposed as a promising alternative to overcome current barriers of kinase inhibitors, including poor selectivity and emergence of drug resistance. In spite of the small number of identified allosteric inhibitors in comparison with that of inhibitors targeting the ATP pocket, encouraging results, such as the FDA-approval of the first small-molecule allosteric inhibitor trametinib in 2013, the progress of more than 10 other allosteric inhibitors in clinical trials, and the emergence of a pipeline of highly selective and potent preclinical molecules, have been reported in the past decade. In this article, we present the current knowledge on allosteric inhibition in terms of conception, classification, potential advantages, and summarized debatable topics in the field. Recent progress and allosteric inhibitors that were identified in the past three years are highlighted in this paper.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wu
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark.
| | - Mads H Clausen
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark; Center for Nanomedicine and Theranostics, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby DK-2800, Denmark
| | - Thomas E Nielsen
- Protein and Peptide Chemistry, Novo Nordisk A/S, Måløv DK-2760, Denmark
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15
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Weisner J, Gontla R, van der Westhuizen L, Oeck S, Ketzer J, Janning P, Richters A, Mühlenberg T, Fang Z, Taher A, Jendrossek V, Pelly SC, Bauer S, van Otterlo WAL, Rauh D. Covalent-Allosteric Kinase Inhibitors. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:10313-6. [PMID: 26110718 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201502142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 04/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Targeting and stabilizing distinct kinase conformations is an instrumental strategy for dissecting conformation-dependent signaling of protein kinases. Herein the structure-based design, synthesis, and evaluation of pleckstrin homology (PH) domain-dependent covalent-allosteric inhibitors (CAIs) of the kinase Akt is reported. These inhibitors bind covalently to a distinct cysteine of the kinase and thereby stabilize the inactive kinase conformation. These modulators exhibit high potency and selectivity, and represent an innovative approach for chemical biology and medicinal chemistry research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörn Weisner
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Rajesh Gontla
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany)
| | | | - Sebastian Oeck
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany)
| | - Julia Ketzer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany).,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Petra Janning
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Physiologie, Abteilung Chemische Biologie, Dortmund (Germany)
| | - André Richters
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Thomas Mühlenberg
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany).,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Zhizhou Fang
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany)
| | - Abu Taher
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland (South Africa)
| | - Verena Jendrossek
- Institute of Cell Biology (Cancer Research), Department of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany)
| | - Stephen C Pelly
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland (South Africa)
| | - Sebastian Bauer
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sarcoma Center, West German Cancer Center, University Duisburg-Essen, Medical School (Germany).,German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg (Germany)
| | - Willem A L van Otterlo
- Department of Chemistry and Polymer Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland (South Africa)
| | - Daniel Rauh
- Technische Universität Dortmund, Fakultät für Chemie und Chemische Biologie, Otto-Hahn-Strasse 6, 44227 Dortmund (Germany).
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16
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Weisner J, Gontla R, van der Westhuizen L, Oeck S, Ketzer J, Janning P, Richters A, Mühlenberg T, Fang Z, Taher A, Jendrossek V, Pelly SC, Bauer S, van Otterlo WAL, Rauh D. Kovalent-allosterische Kinase-Inhibitoren. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201502142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Mayer-Wrangowski SC, Rauh D. Monitoring Ligand-Induced Conformational Changes for the Identification of Estrogen Receptor Agonists and Antagonists. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015; 54:4379-82. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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18
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Mayer-Wrangowski SC, Rauh D. Detektion ligandeninduzierter Konformationsänderungen im Östrogenrezeptor. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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19
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Abstract
The quest for ever more selective kinase inhibitors as potential future drugs has yielded a large repertoire of chemical probes that are selective for specific kinase conformations. These probes have been useful tools to obtain structural snapshots of kinase conformational plasticity. Similarly, kinetic and thermodynamic inhibitor binding experiments provide glimpses at the time scales and energetics of conformational interconversions. These experimental insights are complemented by computational predictions of conformational energy landscapes and simulations of conformational transitions and of the process of inhibitors binding to the protein kinase domain. A picture emerges in which highly selective inhibitors capitalize on the dynamic nature of kinases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Tong
- Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
| | - Markus A. Seeliger
- Department
of Pharmacological Sciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, New York 11794, United States
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