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Wang Z, Liu C, Wei J, Yuan H, Shi M, Zhang F, Zeng Q, Huang A, Du L, Li Y, Guo Z. Network and Experimental Pharmacology on Mechanism of Yixintai Regulates the TMAO/PKC/NF-κB Signaling Pathway in Treating Heart Failure. Drug Des Devel Ther 2024; 18:1415-1438. [PMID: 38707614 PMCID: PMC11069381 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s448140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aims to explore the mechanism of action of Yixintai in treating chronic ischemic heart failure by combining bioinformatics and experimental validation. Materials and Methods Five potential drugs for treating heart failure were obtained from Yixintai (YXT) through early mass spectrometry detection. The targets of YXT for treating heart failure were obtained by a search of online databases. Gene ontology (GO) functional enrichment analysis and Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were conducted on the common targets using the DAVID database. A rat heart failure model was established by ligating the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery. A small animal color Doppler ultrasound imaging system detected cardiac function indicators. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE), Masson's, and electron microscopy were used to observe the pathological morphology of the myocardium in rats with heart failure. The network pharmacology analysis results were validated by ELISA, qPCR, and Western blotting. Results A total of 107 effective targets were obtained by combining compound targets and eliminating duplicate values. PPI analysis showed that inflammation-related proteins (TNF and IL1B) were key targets for treating heart failure, and KEGG enrichment suggested that NF-κB signaling pathway was a key pathway for YXT treatment of heart failure. Animal model validation results indicated the following: YXT can significantly reduce the content of intestinal microbiota metabolites such as trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) and improve heart failure by improving the EF and FS values of heart ultrasound in rats and reducing the levels of serum NT-proBNP, ANP, and BNP to improve heart failure. Together, YXT can inhibit cardiac muscle hypertrophy and fibrosis in rats and improve myocardial ultrastructure and serum IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α levels. These effects are achieved by inhibiting the expressions of NF-κB and PKC. Conclusion YXT regulates the TMAO/PKC/NF-κB signaling pathway in heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyan Wang
- First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengxin Liu
- First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Wei
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hui Yuan
- First Clinical College of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Shi
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Zeng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Aisi Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lixin Du
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ya Li
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhihua Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Colleges and Universities of Intelligent Traditional Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Preventive Treatment of Chronic Diseases of Hunan Universities of Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, 410208, People’s Republic of China
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2
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3D microenvironment attenuates simulated microgravity-mediated changes in T cell transcriptome. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:508. [PMID: 36063234 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04531-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Human space travel and exploration are of interest to both the industrial and scientific community. However, there are many adverse effects of spaceflight on human physiology. In particular, there is a lack of understanding of the extent to which microgravity affects the immune system. T cells, key players of the adaptive immune system and long-term immunity, are present not only in blood circulation but also reside within the tissue. As of yet, studies investigating the effects of microgravity on T cells are limited to peripheral blood or traditional 2D cell culture that recapitulates circulating blood. To better mimic interstitial tissue, 3D cell culture has been well established for physiologically and pathologically relevant models. In this work, we utilize 2D cell culture and 3D collagen matrices to gain an understanding of how simulated microgravity, using a random positioning machine, affects both circulating and tissue-resident T cells. T cells were studied in both resting and activated stages. We found that 3D cell culture attenuates the effects of simulated microgravity on the T cells transcriptome and nuclear irregularities compared to 2D cell culture. Interestingly, simulated microgravity appears to have less effect on activated T cells compared to those in the resting stage. Overall, our work provides novel insights into the effects of simulated microgravity on circulating and tissue-resident T cells which could provide benefits for the health of space travellers.
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Harrold AP, Cleary MM, Bharathy N, Lathara M, Berlow NE, Foreman NK, Donson AM, Amani V, Zuercher WJ, Keller C. In vitro benchmarking of NF-κB inhibitors. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 873:172981. [PMID: 32014486 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.172981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Dysregulated activity of the transcription factors of the nuclear factor κb (NF-κB) family has been implicated in numerous cancer types, inflammatory diseases, autoimmune disease, and other disorders. As such, selective NF-κB pathway inhibition is an attractive target to researchers for preclinical and clinical drug development. A plethora of commercially and clinically available inhibitors claim to be NF-κB specific; however, such claims of specificity are rarely quantitative or benchmarked, making the biomedical literature difficult to contextualize. This imprecision is worsened because some NF-κB reporter systems have low signal-to-noise ratios. Herein, we use a robust, defined, commercially available reporter system to benchmark NF-κB agonists and antagonists for the field. We also functionally characterize a RELA fusion-positive ependymoma cell culture with validated NF-κB inhibitor compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Megan M Cleary
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, OR, 97005, USA
| | - Narendra Bharathy
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, OR, 97005, USA
| | | | - Noah E Berlow
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, OR, 97005, USA
| | - Nicholas K Foreman
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Andrew M Donson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - Vladimir Amani
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, 80045, USA
| | - William J Zuercher
- Structural Genomics Consortium, UNC Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, SGC Center for Chemical Biology, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Charles Keller
- Children's Cancer Therapy Development Institute, Beaverton, OR, 97005, USA.
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Saha A, Akhtar N, Kumar V, Kumar S, Srivastava HK, Kumar S, Manna D. pH-Regulated anion transport activities of bis(iminourea) derivatives across the cell and vesicle membrane. Org Biomol Chem 2020; 17:5779-5788. [PMID: 31135015 DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00650h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Recently, synthetic anion transporters have gained considerable attention because of their ability to disrupt cellular anion homeostasis and promote cell death. Herein, we report the development of bis(iminourea) derivatives as a new class of selective Cl- ion carrier. The bis(iminourea) derivatives were synthesized via a one-pot approach under mild reaction conditions. The presence of iminourea moieties suggests that the bis(iminourea) derivatives can be considered as unique guanidine mimics, indicating that the protonated framework could have much stronger anion recognition properties. The cooperative interactions of H+ and Cl- ions with these iminourea moieties results in the efficient transport of HCl across the lipid bilayer in an acidic environment. Under physiological conditions these compounds weakly transport Cl- ions via an antiport exchange mechanism. This pH-dependent gating/switching behavior (9-fold) within a narrow window could be due to the apparent pKa values (6.2-6.7) of the compounds within the lipid bilayer. The disruption of ionic homeostasis by the potent compounds was found to induce cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam, India.
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5
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Funsten JR, Murillo Brizuela KO, Swatzel HE, Ward AS, Scott TA, Eikenbusch SM, Shields MC, Meredith JL, Mitchell TY, Hanna ML, Bingham KN, Rawlings JS. PKC signaling contributes to chromatin decondensation and is required for competence to respond to IL-2 during T cell activation. Cell Immunol 2020; 347:104027. [PMID: 31864664 PMCID: PMC10731676 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.104027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The clonal proliferation of antigen-specific T cells during an immune response critically depends on the differential response to growth factors, such as IL-2. While activated T cells proliferate robustly in response to IL-2 stimulation, naïve (quiescent) T cells are able to ignore the potent effects of growth factors because they possess chromatin that is tightly condensed such that transcription factors, such as STAT5, cannot access DNA. Activation via the T cell receptor (TCR) induces a rapid decondensation of chromatin, permitting STAT5-DNA engagement and ultimately promoting proliferation of only antigen-specific T cells. Previous work demonstrated that the mobilization of intracellular calcium following TCR stimulation is a key event in the decondensation of chromatin. Here we examine PKC-dependent signaling mechanisms to determine their role in activation-induced chromatin decondensation and the subsequent acquisition of competence to respond to IL-2 stimulation. We found that a calcium-dependent PKC contributes to activation-induced chromatin decondensation and that the p38 MAPK and NFκB pathways downstream of PKC each contribute to regulating the proper decondensation of chromatin. Importantly, we found that p44/42 MAPK activity is required for peripheral T cells to gain competence to properly respond to IL-2 stimulation. Our findings shed light on the mechanisms that control the clonal proliferation of antigen-specific peripheral T cells during an immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Hayley E Swatzel
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA
| | - Audrey S Ward
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA
| | - Tia A Scott
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA
| | | | - Molly C Shields
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA
| | - Jenna L Meredith
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA
| | | | - Megan L Hanna
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA
| | - Kellie N Bingham
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA
| | - Jason S Rawlings
- Department of Biology, Furman University, Greenville, SC 29613, USA.
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Sasaki S, Baba T, Muranaka H, Tanabe Y, Takahashi C, Matsugo S, Mukaida N. Involvement of Prokineticin 2-expressing Neutrophil Infiltration in 5-Fluorouracil-induced Aggravation of Breast Cancer Metastasis to Lung. Mol Cancer Ther 2018; 17:1515-1525. [PMID: 29643149 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-17-0845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Revised: 01/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Adjuvant chemotherapy is used for human breast cancer patients, even after curative surgery of primary tumor, to prevent tumor recurrence primarily as a form of metastasis. However, anticancer drugs can accelerate metastasis in several mouse metastasis models. Hence, we examined the effects of postsurgical administration with 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide, on lung metastasis process, which developed after the resection of the primary tumor arising from the orthotopic injection of a mouse triple-negative breast cancer cell line, 4T1. Only 5-FU markedly increased the numbers and sizes of lung metastasis foci, with enhanced tumor cell proliferation and angiogenesis as evidenced by increases in Ki67-positive cell numbers and CD31-positive areas, respectively. 5-FU-mediated augmented lung metastasis was associated with increases in intrapulmonary neutrophil numbers and expression of neutrophilic chemokines, Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 in tumor cells, with few effects on intrapulmonary T-cell or macrophage numbers. 5-FU enhanced Cxcl1 and Cxcl2 expression in 4T1 cells in a NFκB-dependent manner. Moreover, the administration of a neutrophil-depleting antibody or a Cxcr2 antagonist, SB225002, significantly attenuated 5-FU-mediated enhanced lung metastasis with depressed neutrophil infiltration. Furthermore, infiltrating neutrophils and 4T1 cells abundantly expressed prokineticin-2 (Prok2) and its receptor, Prokr1, respectively. Finally, the administration of 5-FU after the resection of the primary tumor failed to augment lung metastasis in the mice receiving Prokr1-deleted 4T1 cells. Collectively, 5-FU can enhance lung metastasis by inducing tumor cells to produce Cxcl1 and Cxcl2, which induced the migration of neutrophils expressing Prok2 with a capacity to enhance 4T1 cell proliferation. Mol Cancer Ther; 17(7); 1515-25. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soichiro Sasaki
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Tomohisa Baba
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Hayato Muranaka
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Yamato Tanabe
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Chiaki Takahashi
- Division of Oncology and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Seiichi Matsugo
- School of Natural System, College of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Naofumi Mukaida
- Division of Molecular Bioregulation, Cancer Research Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.
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7
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Trimethylamine N-oxide in atherogenesis: impairing endothelial self-repair capacity and enhancing monocyte adhesion. Biosci Rep 2017; 37:BSR20160244. [PMID: 28153917 PMCID: PMC5333780 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20160244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 156] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have reported a strong association between high plasma level of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) and atherosclerosis development. However, the exact mechanism underlying this correlation is unknown. In the present study, we try to explore the impact of TMAO on endothelial dysfunction. After TMAO treatment, human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) showed significant impairment in cellular proliferation and HUVECs-extracellular matrix (ECM) adhesion compared with control. Likewise, TMAO markedly suppressed HUVECs migration in transwell migration assay and wound healing assay. In addition, we found TMAO up-regulated vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) expression, promoted monocyte adherence, activated protein kinase C (PKC) and p-NF-κB. Interestingly, TMAO-stimulated VCAM-1 expression and monocyte adherence were diminished by PKC inhibitor. These results demonstrate that TMAO promotes early pathological process of atherosclerosis by accelerating endothelial dysfunction, including decreasing endothelial self-repair and increasing monocyte adhesion. Furthermore, TMAO-induced monocyte adhesion is partly attributable to activation of PKC/NF-κB/VCAM-1.
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8
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Abstract
At least 468 individual genes have been manipulated by molecular methods to study their effects on the initiation, promotion, and progression of atherosclerosis. Most clinicians and many investigators, even in related disciplines, find many of these genes and the related pathways entirely foreign. Medical schools generally do not attempt to incorporate the relevant molecular biology into their curriculum. A number of key signaling pathways are highly relevant to atherogenesis and are presented to provide a context for the gene manipulations summarized herein. The pathways include the following: the insulin receptor (and other receptor tyrosine kinases); Ras and MAPK activation; TNF-α and related family members leading to activation of NF-κB; effects of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on signaling; endothelial adaptations to flow including G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) and integrin-related signaling; activation of endothelial and other cells by modified lipoproteins; purinergic signaling; control of leukocyte adhesion to endothelium, migration, and further activation; foam cell formation; and macrophage and vascular smooth muscle cell signaling related to proliferation, efferocytosis, and apoptosis. This review is intended primarily as an introduction to these key signaling pathways. They have become the focus of modern atherosclerosis research and will undoubtedly provide a rich resource for future innovation toward intervention and prevention of the number one cause of death in the modern world.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul N Hopkins
- Cardiovascular Genetics, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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9
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Hershberger PM, Peddibhotla S, Sessions EH, Divlianska DB, Correa RG, Pinkerton AB, Reed JC, Roth GP. Synthesis and physicochemical characterization of novel phenotypic probes targeting the nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway. Beilstein J Org Chem 2013; 9:900-7. [PMID: 23766805 PMCID: PMC3678512 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.9.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2013] [Accepted: 04/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Activation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and related upstream signal transduction pathways have long been associated with the pathogenesis of a variety of inflammatory diseases and has recently been implicated in the onset of cancer. This report provides a synthetic and compound-based property summary of five pathway-related small-molecule chemical probes identified and optimized within the National Institutes of Health-Molecular Libraries Probe Center Network (NIH-MLPCN) initiative. The chemical probes discussed herein represent first-in-class, non-kinase-based modulators of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which were identified and optimized through either cellular phenotypic or specific protein-target-based screening strategies. Accordingly, the resulting new chemical probes may allow for better fundamental understanding of this highly complex biochemical signaling network and could advance future therapeutic translation toward the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul M Hershberger
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute at Lake Nona, 6400 Sanger Road Orlando, FL 32827, USA
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Inhibition of proliferation and survival of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma cells by a small-molecule inhibitor of the ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme Ubc13-Uev1A. Blood 2012; 120:1668-77. [PMID: 22791293 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2012-02-406074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), the most common type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, remains a partially curable disease. Genetic alterations affecting components of NF-κB signaling pathways occur frequently in DLBCL. Almost all activated B cell-like (ABC) DLBCL, which is the least curable group among the 3 major subtypes of this malignancy, and a substantial fraction of germinal center B cell-like (GCB) DLBCL exhibit constitutive NF-κB pathway activity. It has been demonstrated that ABC-DLBCL cells require such activity for proliferation and survival. Therefore, inhibition of NF-κB activation in DLBCL may provide an efficient and targeted therapy. In screening for small-molecule compounds that may inhibit NF-κB activation in DLBCL cells, we identified a compound, NSC697923, which inhibits the activity of the ubiquitin-conjugating (E2) enzyme Ubc13-Uev1A. NSC697923 impedes the formation of the Ubc13 and ubiquitin thioester conjugate and suppresses constitutive NF-κB activity in ABC-DLBCL cells. Importantly, NSC697923 inhibits the proliferation and survival of ABC-DLBCL cells and GCB-DLBCL cells, suggesting the Ubc13-Uev1A may be crucial for DLBCL growth. Consistently, knockdown of Ubc13 expression also inhibited DLBCL cell survival. The results of the present study indicate that Ubc13-Uev1A may represent a potential therapeutic target in DLBCL. In addition, compound NSC697923 may be exploited for the development of DLBCL therapeutic agents.
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Peddibhotla S, Shi R, Khan P, Smith LH, Mangravita-Novo A, Vicchiarelli M, Su Y, Okolotowicz KJ, Cashman JR, Reed JC, Roth GP. Inhibition of protein kinase C-driven nuclear factor-kappaB activation: synthesis, structure-activity relationship, and pharmacological profiling of pathway specific benzimidazole probe molecules. J Med Chem 2010; 53:4793-7. [PMID: 20481485 PMCID: PMC2887059 DOI: 10.1021/jm1000248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A unique series of biologically active chemical probes that selectively inhibit NF-kappaB activation induced by protein kinase C (PKC) pathway activators have been identified through a cell-based phenotypic reporter gene assay. These 2-aminobenzimidazoles represent initial chemical tools to be used in gaining further understanding on the cellular mechanisms driven by B and T cell antigen receptors. Starting from the founding member of this chemical series 1a (notated in PubChem as CID-2858522), we report the chemical synthesis, SAR studies, and pharmacological profiling of this pathway-selective inhibitor of NF-kappaB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satyamaheshwar Peddibhotla
- Conrad Prebys Center for Chemical Genomics, Sanford-Burnham Medical Research Institute, 6400 Sanger Road, Orlando, Florida 32827, USA
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