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Djiemeny Ngueta A, Roy J, Poirier D. Chemical synthesis, NMR characterization, and anticancer activity of androstene derivatives with a C17-side chain. Steroids 2022; 186:109064. [PMID: 35714784 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2022.109064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death, worldwide. In addition, the lack of efficacy and selectivity of chemotherapeutic agents for cancer cells is a challenge that needs to be addressed through the development of new drugs. Since aminosteroids are of interest in fighting cancer, our group previously reported antiproliferative activity on several cancer cell lines of two representatives, RM-133 and RM-581. To extend the structure-activity relationship study of aminosteroids, of which RM-133 (androstane) and RM-581 (estrane) are the main candidates, we performed the chemical synthesis and biological evaluation on lung (SHP-77), breast (T-47D) and prostate (DU-145, PC-3 and LAPC-4) cancer cells of four analogues of RM-581. We moved the functionalized side chain from position 2 of the androstane and estrane derivatives to incorporate it into a new chain located at position 17. Chemical synthesis took place in 2 steps from steroidal side-chain carboxylic acids, allowing to obtain 4 steroid derivatives with acceptable yields, which were fully characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H and 13C NMR). After the evaluation of compounds 12-15, lower antiproliferative activities varying from 12 to 54%, 0-33% and 0-63% were observed for SHP-77, DU-145 and PC-3 cell lines, respectively, while higher activities varying from 33 to 62% and 45-84% were observed for T-47D and LAPC-4 cell lines, respectively, when tested at 10 µM. Overall, it was observed that these aminosteroids have a lower cytotoxic activity than that of RM-581 and, that moving the side chain from steroid position C2 to C17 is clearly detrimental for antiproliferative activity. However, this work has enabled us to expand our knowledge of the structural requirements to maintain the anticancer activity of aminosteroid derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Djiemeny Ngueta
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec - Research Center (CHUL, T4), Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Jenny Roy
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec - Research Center (CHUL, T4), Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Donald Poirier
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Endocrinology and Nephrology Unit, CHU de Québec - Research Center (CHUL, T4), Quebec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada.
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2
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Tian M, Li LN, Zheng RR, Yang L, Wang ZT. Advances on hormone-like activity of Panax ginseng and ginsenosides. Chin J Nat Med 2021; 18:526-535. [PMID: 32616193 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(20)30063-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been paid much attentions due to the prevention and treatment of steroid hormone disorders. Ginseng, the root of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer (Araliaceae), is one of the most valuable herbs in complementary and alternative medicines around the world. A series of dammarane triterpenoid saponins, also known as phytosteroids, were reported as the primary ingredients of Ginseng, and indicated broad spectral pharmacological actions, including anti-cancer, anti-inflammation and anti-fatigue. The skeletons of the dammarane triterpenoid aglycone are structurally similar to the steroid hormones. Both in vitro and in vivo studies showed that Ginseng and its active ingredients have beneficial hormone-like role in hormonal disorders. This review thus summarizes the structural similarities between hormones and dammarane ginsenosides and integrates the analogous effect of Ginseng and ginsenosides on prevention and treatment of hormonal disorders published in recent twenty years (1998-2018). The review may provide convenience for anticipate structure-function relationship between saponins structure and hormone-like effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Tian
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lin-Nan Li
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Rui-Rong Zheng
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Li Yang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zheng-Tao Wang
- The MOE Key Laboratory of Standardization of Chinese Medicines, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Compound Chinese Medicines, and the SATCM Key Laboratory of New Resources and Quality Evaluation of Chinese Medicines, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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3
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Siddiqui M, Atia-tul-Wahab, Jabeen A, Wang Y, Wang W, Atta-ur-Rahman, Choudhary MI. Whole-cell fungal-mediated structural transformation of anabolic drug metenolone acetate into potent anti-inflammatory metabolites. J Adv Res 2020; 24:69-78. [PMID: 32195009 PMCID: PMC7076145 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2020.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Seven new derivatives, 6α-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxo-5α-androst-1-en-17-yl acetate (2), 6α,17β-dihydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxo-5α-androst-1-en (3), 7β-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxo-5α-androst-1-en-17-yl acetate (4), 15β,20-dihydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxo-5α-androst-1-en-17-yl acetate (5), 15β-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxo-5α-androst-1-en-17-yl acetate (6), 12β,17β-dihydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-dien (11), and 7β,15β,17β-trihydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxo-5α-androst-1-en (14), along with six known metabolites, 17β-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-dien (7), 17β-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxo-5α-androst-1-en (8), 17β-hydroxy-1-methyl-3-oxo-5β-androst-1-en (9), 1-methyl-5β-androst-1-en-3,17-dione (10), 1-methyl-3-oxoandrosta-1,4-dien-3,17-dione (12), and 17β-hydroxy-1α-methyl-5α-androstan-3-one (13) of metenolone acetate (1), were synthesized through whole-cell biocatalysis with Rhizopus stolonifer, Aspergillus alliaceous, Fusarium lini, and Cunninghamella elegans. Atamestane (12), an aromatase inhibitor, was synthesized for the first time via F. lini-mediated transformation of 1 as the major product. Hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, and reduction were occurred during biocatalysis. Study indicated that F. lini was able to catalyze dehydrogenation reactions selectively. Structures of compounds 1-14 were determined through NMR, HRFAB-MS, and IR spectroscopic data. Compounds 1-14 were identified as non-cytotoxic against BJ human fibroblast cell line (ATCC CRL-2522). Metabolite 5 (81.0 ± 2.5%) showed a potent activity against TNF-α production, as compared to the substrate 1 (62.5 ± 4.4%). Metabolites 2 (73.4 ± 0.6%), 8 (69.7 ± 1.4%), 10 (73.2 ± 0.3%), 11 (60.1 ± 3.3%), and 12 (71.0 ± 7.2%), also showed a good inhibition of TNF-α production. Compounds 3 (IC50 = 4.4 ± 0.01 µg/mL), and 5 (IC50 = 10.2 ± 0.01 µg/mL) showed a significant activity against T-cell proliferation. Identification of selective inhibitors of TNF-α production, and T-cell proliferation is a step forward towards the development of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahwish Siddiqui
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Atia-tul-Wahab
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Almas Jabeen
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Yan Wang
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan 410208, People’s Republic of China
| | - Atta-ur-Rahman
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - M. Iqbal Choudhary
- H. E. J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Komplek Campus C, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia
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4
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Zhou S, Zheng Y, Yang B, Zhong J, Shi H. Study on synthesis of key squalamine intermediate 7α, 24R-dihydroxy-5α-cholestan-3-one. Steroids 2019; 151:108472. [PMID: 31400392 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2019.108472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A facile novel strategy has been developed to obtain a key intermediate of squalamine, 7α, 24R -dihydroxy-5α-cholestan-3-one, starting from methyl Δ5-3β-hydroxycholanate. The pure product was successfully synthesized and separated from the C-24 position epimers in good purity, d.e.% and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Yang Zheng
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Beibei Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Jiawei Zhong
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China
| | - Haijian Shi
- College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, PR China.
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5
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Yi F, Peng Y, Song G, Li J. Solid Phase Synthesis of Aminochalcones. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.3184/0308234054323931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A microwave-assisted solid phase synthesis of aminochalcones via the Claisen–Schmidt condensation reaction between resin-bound p-aminoacetophenone and aromatic aldehydes was described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengping Yi
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yanqing Peng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Gonghua Song
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jizong Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, Institute of Pesticides and Pharmaceuticals, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
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6
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Ayan D, Maltais R, Hospital A, Poirier D. Chemical synthesis, cytotoxicity, selectivity and bioavailability of 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol derivatives. Bioorg Med Chem 2014; 22:5847-59. [PMID: 25300820 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2014.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Aminosteroid derivatives represent a new family of compounds with promising antiproliferative activity over different cancer cell lines. Among all the aminosteroid derivatives synthesised in our laboratory, we have identified E-37P as one of the more potent when tested in vitro. Unfortunately, the pharmacokinetic properties of E-37P decrease its effectiveness when tested in vivo. To improve the bioavailability and increase the efficiency of aminosteroid E-37P, two series of analog compounds were synthesised by classic chemical synthesis, they were then characterized, and the concentration that inhibits 50% of cell proliferation (IC50) was determined on different cell lines. RM-133, a 5α-androstane-3α,17β-diol derivative with a quinoline nucleus at the end of the piperazine-proline side-chain at position 2β and an ethinyl at position 17α, showed very good antiproliferative activity among the five cancer cell lines studied (IC50=0.1, 0.1, 0.1, 2.0 and 1.1 μM for HL-60, MCF-7, T-47D, LNCaP and WEHI-3, respectively). Moreover, the plasmatic concentration of RM-133 at 3h, when injected subcutaneously in rats, was 2.3-fold higher than that of E-37P (151 vs 64.8 ng/mL). Furthermore, RM-133 weakly inhibited the two representative liver enzymes, CYP3A4 and CYP2D6, indicating a very low risk of drug-drug interactions. The cytotoxicity of RM-133 against normal cells was tested on peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) obtained from different donors and previously activated with phytohemagglutinin-L. PBL responded differently to treatment with RM-133, we observed a stimulation of cell proliferation and/or cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner. Based on these results, additional studies are currently underway to evaluate the selectivity of our lead compound against normal cell lines in a more detailed fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Ayan
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHU de Québec-Research Center (CHUL, T4-42) and Université Laval (Faculty of Medicine), 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Québec (Québec) G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - René Maltais
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHU de Québec-Research Center (CHUL, T4-42) and Université Laval (Faculty of Medicine), 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Québec (Québec) G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Audrey Hospital
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHU de Québec-Research Center (CHUL, T4-42) and Université Laval (Faculty of Medicine), 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Québec (Québec) G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Donald Poirier
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHU de Québec-Research Center (CHUL, T4-42) and Université Laval (Faculty of Medicine), 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Québec (Québec) G1V 4G2, Canada.
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7
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Echemendía R, Concepción O, Morales FE, Paixão MW, Rivera DG. The CuI-catalyzed alkyne–azide cycloaddition as direct conjugation/cyclization method of peptides to steroids. Tetrahedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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8
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Yang YX, Zheng LT, Shi JJ, Gao B, Chen YK, Yang HC, Chen HL, Li YC, Zhen XC. Synthesis of 5α-cholestan-6-one derivatives and their inhibitory activities of NO production in activated microglia: discovery of a novel neuroinflammation inhibitor. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2013; 24:1222-7. [PMID: 24456901 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2013.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/13/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Glial activation-mediated neuroinflammation plays a pivotal role in the process of several neuroinflammatory diseases including stroke, Alzheimer's diseases, Parkinson's diseases, multiple sclerosis and ischemia. Inhibition of microglial activation may ameliorate neuronal degeneration under the inflammatory conditions. In the present study, a number of 5α-cholestan-6-one derivatives were prepared and the anti-inflammatory effects of these compounds were evaluated in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells. Those derivatives were synthesized from readily available hyodeoxycholic acid (1). Among the tested compounds, several analogs (16-18, 25, 35, 38) exhibited potent inhibitory activities on nitric oxide production with no or weak cell toxicity. Compound 16 also significantly suppressed the expression of TNF-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, cyclooxygenase (COX-2) as well as inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in LPS-stimulated BV-2 microglia cells. In addition, compound 16 markedly reduced infarction volume in a focal ischemic mice model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xi Yang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Road Zu Chong Zhi, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Long-Tai Zheng
- Jiansu Key Laboratory for Translational Research for Neuro-Psycho-diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Soochow University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jing-Jing Shi
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Road Zu Chong Zhi, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China
| | - Bo Gao
- Jiansu Key Laboratory for Translational Research for Neuro-Psycho-diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Soochow University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Yan-Ke Chen
- Jiansu Key Laboratory for Translational Research for Neuro-Psycho-diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Soochow University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Hui-Chi Yang
- Jiansu Key Laboratory for Translational Research for Neuro-Psycho-diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Soochow University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Hong-Li Chen
- Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Road Ling Ling, Shanghai 200032, PR China.
| | - Yuan-Chao Li
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Road Zu Chong Zhi, Zhangjiang Hi-Tech Park, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
| | - Xue-Chu Zhen
- Jiansu Key Laboratory for Translational Research for Neuro-Psycho-diseases, Department of Pharmacology, Soochow University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Blanco-Ania D, Aben RWM, van Berkom LWA, Scheeren HW, Rutjes FPJT. High-Pressure-Mediated Extension of the Privileged Steroid Scaffold. European J Org Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201301511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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10
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Ignatenko VA, Han Y, Tochtrop GP. Direct access to 6/5/7/5- and 6/7/5/5-fused tetracyclic triterpenoids via divergent transannular aldol reaction of lanosterol-derived diketone. J Org Chem 2013; 78:12229-35. [PMID: 24161022 PMCID: PMC3903653 DOI: 10.1021/jo402005b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to access biologically relevant chemical space, a complex natural product derived nonsymmetrical diketone was prepared as a substrate for divergent transannular aldol reactions. The use of common aldol conditions resulted in predominant syn-addition via pathway a, while the use of alumina provided access to the anti-adduct. Screening of a range of Lewis acids of varying strength unexpectedly resulted in the formation of aldol products with 6/7/5/5-fused molecular skeleton via pathway b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasily A. Ignatenko
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Yong Han
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Gregory P. Tochtrop
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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11
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Rivera DG, León F, Concepción O, Morales FE, Wessjohann LA. A multiple multicomponent approach to chimeric peptide-peptoid podands. Chemistry 2013; 19:6417-28. [PMID: 23512744 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Revised: 01/31/2013] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The success of multi-armed, peptide-based receptors in supramolecular chemistry traditionally is not only based on the sequence but equally on an appropriate positioning of various peptidic chains to create a multivalent array of binding elements. As a faster, more versatile and alternative access toward (pseudo)peptidic receptors, a new approach based on multiple Ugi four-component reactions (Ugi-4CR) is proposed as a means of simultaneously incorporating several binding and catalytic elements into organizing scaffolds. By employing α-amino acids either as the amino or acid components of the Ugi-4CRs, this multiple multicomponent process allows for the one-pot assembly of podands bearing chimeric peptide-peptoid chains as appended arms. Tripodal, bowl-shaped, and concave polyfunctional skeletons are employed as topologically varied platforms for positioning the multiple peptidic chains formed by Ugi-4CRs. In a similar approach, steroidal building blocks with several axially-oriented isocyano groups are synthesized and utilized to align the chimeric chains with conformational constrains, thus providing an alternative to the classical peptido-steroidal receptors. The branched and hybrid peptide-peptoid appendages allow new possibilities for both rational design and combinatorial production of synthetic receptors. The concept is also expandable to other multicomponent reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Rivera
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Leibniz Institute of Plant Biochemistry, Weinberg 3, 06120 Halle/Saale, Germany
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12
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Verzele D, Madder A. Synthetic Progress in cMyc-Max Oncoprotein Miniaturization: Semi-Online Monitoring Gives Solid-Phase Access to Hydrophobic b(-HLH-)ZIP Peptidosteroid Tweezers. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201201235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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13
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Jegham H, Maltais R, Dufour P, Roy J, Poirier D. Solid-phase chemical synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of novel 2β-piperazino-(20R)-5α-pregnane-3α,20-diol N-derivatives as anti-leukemic agents. Steroids 2012; 77:1403-18. [PMID: 22910290 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2012.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2012] [Revised: 07/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The steroid nucleus is an interesting scaffold for the development of new therapeutic agents. Within the goal of identifying anticancer agents, new pregnane derivatives were prepared by using a sequence of liquid and solid-phase reactions. After we dehydrated epi-allopregnanolone in one step with diethylaminosulfur trifluoride and generated a 2,3α-epoxide, the regio- and stereo-selective aminolysis of this epoxide enabled us to obtain a 2β-piperazino-pregnane, whose secondary amine was protected as N-Fmoc-derivative. Using the difference in reactivity between OHs 3 and 20, we linked the pregnane nucleus-selectively on the polystyrene diethylbutylsilane resin via the OH in position 20. We next achieved in parallel the coupling of an amino acid (1st level of diversity) and the coupling of a carboxylic acid (2nd level of diversity) to generate two libraries of pregnane derivatives. The compounds inhibited the HL-60 leukemia cell growth and the most potent were three compounds (PD, LPC-37 and LPC-48) with a l-proline as first level of diversity and a cyclohexyl-carbonyl, a naphthalene-2-carbonyl or a 3-acetylbenzoyl as second level of diversity. LPC-48 efficiently inhibited HL-60 cell proliferation with IC(50) value of 1.9 μM and exhibited a low toxicity on normal peripheral blood lymphocytes (IC(50)=31 μM). These results encouraged us to further evaluate the biological activity of these new aminosteroids by investigating their preliminary mechanism of action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajer Jegham
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Oncology and Genomic Unit, CHUQ-CHUL Research Center and Laval University, Québec, Canada
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14
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Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Spiro- and Fused Azacycles from Ketone Molecular Templates. European J Org Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201200852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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15
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Verzele D, Figaroli S, Madder A. Shortcut access to peptidosteroid conjugates: building blocks for solid-phase bile acid scaffold decoration by convergent ligation. Molecules 2011; 16:10168-86. [PMID: 22157580 PMCID: PMC6264362 DOI: 10.3390/molecules161210168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Accepted: 11/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present three versatile solid-supported scaffold building blocks based on the (deoxy)cholic acid framework and decorated with handles for further derivatization by modern ligation techniques such as click chemistry, Staudinger ligation or native chemical ligation. Straightforward procedures are presented for the synthesis and analysis of the steroid constructs. These building blocks offer a new, facile and shorter access route to bile acid-peptide conjugates on solid-phase with emphasis on heterodipodal conjugates with defined spatial arrangements. As such, we provide versatile new synthons to the toolbox for bile acid decoration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Annemieke Madder
- Author to whom correspondence should be addressed; ; Tel.: +32-9-264-4472; Fax: +32-9-264-4998
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16
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Maltais R, Poirier D. Steroid sulfatase inhibitors: a review covering the promising 2000-2010 decade. Steroids 2011; 76:929-48. [PMID: 21458474 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2011.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2010] [Revised: 03/21/2011] [Accepted: 03/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The steroid sulfatase (STS) plays a major role in the regulation of steroid hormone concentrations in several human tissues and target organs and therefore, represents an interesting target to regulate estrogen and androgen levels implicated in different diseases. In this review article, the emphasis is put on STS inhibitors reported in the fruitful 2000-2010 decade, which consolidated the first ones that were previously developed (1990-1999). The inhibitors reviewed are divided into four categories according to the fact that they are sulfamoylated or not or that they have a steroid nucleus or not. Other topics such as function, localization, structure and mechanism as well as applications of STS inhibitors are also briefly discussed to complement the information on this crucial steroidogenic enzyme and its inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Maltais
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHUQ (CHUL)-Research Center (Endocrinology and Genomic Unit) and Laval University (Faculty of Medicine), Québec, Canada
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17
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Libraries of 2β-(N-substituted piperazino)-5α-androstane-3α, 17β-diols: chemical synthesis and cytotoxic effects on human leukemia HL-60 cells and on normal lymphocytes. Mol Divers 2010; 15:317-39. [DOI: 10.1007/s11030-010-9273-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2010] [Accepted: 08/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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18
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19
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Bérubé M, Delagoutte F, Poirier D. Preparation of 6beta-estradiol derivative libraries as bisubstrate inhibitors of 7beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type using the multidetachable sulfamate linker. Molecules 2010; 15:1590-631. [PMID: 20336003 PMCID: PMC6257402 DOI: 10.3390/molecules15031590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2010] [Revised: 02/08/2010] [Accepted: 03/03/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Combinatorial chemistry is a powerful tool used to rapidly generate a large number of potentially biologically active compounds. In our goal to develop bisubstrate inhibitors of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1) that interact with both the substrate (estrone or estradiol) and the cofactor (NAD(P)H) binding sites, we used parallel solid-phase synthesis to prepare three libraries of 16beta-estradiol derivatives with two or three levels of molecular diversity. From estrone, we first synthesized a sulfamate precursor that we loaded on trityl chloride resin using the efficient multidetachable sulfamate linker strategy recently developed in our laboratory. We then introduced molecular diversity [one or two amino acid(s) followed by a carboxylic acid] on steroid nucleus by Fmoc peptide chemistry. Finally, after a nucleophilic cleavage, libraries of 30, 63 and 25 estradiol derivatives were provided. A library of 30 sulfamoylated estradiol derivatives was also generated by acidic cleavage and its members were screened for inhibition of steroid sulfatase. Biological evaluation on homogenated HEK-293 cells overexpressing 17beta-HSD1 of the estradiol derivatives carrying different oligoamide-type chains at C-16 first revealed that three levels of molecular diversity (a spacer of two amino acids) were necessary to interact with the adenosine part of the cofactor binding site. Second, the best inhibition was obtained when hydrophobic residues (phenylalanine) were used as building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Donald Poirier
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, CHUQ (CHUL), Research Center and Laval University, Quebec, G1V 4G2, Canada
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20
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Two-colour screening in combinatorial chemistry: prospecting for enantioselectivity in a library of steroid-based receptors. Tetrahedron 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2009.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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21
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Rouillard F, Roy J, Poirier D. Chemical Synthesis of (S)-Spiro(estradiol-17,2′-[1,4]oxazinan)-6′-one Derivatives Bearing Two Levels of Molecular Diversity. European J Org Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200701077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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22
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Hamilton GL, Backes BJ. Synthesis of C-11 modified mifepristone analog libraries. Mol Divers 2007; 11:107-11. [PMID: 17549597 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-007-9058-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2006] [Accepted: 11/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Substitution of the C-11 aniline of mifepristone can provide compounds with altered pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) profiles that may find use for new indications. The development of new steroid intermediates and specialized library synthesis methods were required to enable the efficient preparation of structurally complex C-11 modified mifepristone analogs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gregory L Hamilton
- Metabolic Disease Research, Global Pharmaceutical Research and Development, Abbott Laboratories, 100 Abbott Park Road, Abbott Park, IL 60064-6098, USA
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23
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Roy J, DeRoy P, Poirier D. 2β-(N-Substituted Piperazino)-5α-Androstane-3α,17β-Diols: Parallel Solid-Phase Synthesis and Antiproliferative Activity on Human Leukemia HL-60 Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007; 9:347-58. [PMID: 17441773 DOI: 10.1021/cc060098z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Leukemia is the most common cancer affecting children. A steroid possessing a methylpiperazine nucleus was recently reported to inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 leukemia cells. To speed up the development of this promising potential new drug, we generated libraries of analogues using parallel solid-phase organic synthesis (SPOS). A 6-step sequence of reactions, starting from dihydrotestosterone, afforded a steroidal 2,3alpha-epoxide, which was selectively opened to give, after N-Fmoc protection, a diol with suitable stereochemistry. The difference of reactivity between 3alpha-OH and 17beta-OH was then used to allow the regioselective coupling of 17beta-OH to chloro-activated butyldiethylsilane polystyrene. We next generated three libraries of 2beta-piperazinyl-5alpha-androstane-3alpha,17beta-diol N-derivatives with 1, 2, or 3 levels of molecular diversity in acceptable yields and purities for our biological screening assay. Several members of these libraries were more potent than the lead compound, especially five members with a proline as the first level of diversity and a cyclohexylcarbonyl, methylbutyryl, cyclohexylacetyl, cyclopentylpropionyl, or hexanoyl as the second level of diversity. They efficiently inhibited HL-60 cell proliferation with IC50 values of 0.58, 0.66, 1.78, 1.98, and 2.57 microM, respectively. The present work demonstrates the potential of our SPOS approach for the optimization of a new class of cytotoxic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Roy
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec (CHUQ) and Université Laval, Québec G1V 4G2, Canada
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24
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Verzele D, Madder A. Short Synthesis of Orthogonally Protected 3α,12α-Diamino-5β-cholan-24-oic Acid, a Dipodal Steroid Scaffold for Combinatorial Chemistry. European J Org Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200600972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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25
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Ciobanu LC, Poirier D. Synthesis of Libraries of 16β-Aminopropyl Estradiol Derivatives for Targeting Two Key Steroidogenic Enzymes. ChemMedChem 2006; 1:1249-59. [PMID: 16986200 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200600071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Two libraries, each consisting of 48 16beta-aminopropyl estradiol derivatives, phenols and sulfamates, respectively, were synthesized by solid-phase parallel chemistry through a seven-step reaction sequence. Following the attachment of a C18-steroid sulfamate precursor on a trityl chloride resin, diversity elements were first introduced on the 16beta-aminopropyl chain of the steroid by acylation reactions with eight Fmoc-amino acids. After deprotection, the free amine function of the resulting compounds was reacted with six carboxylic acids for the introduction of a second diversity level. The two variants employed for the cleavage of compounds from the solid support, acidic and nucleophilic, allowed the corresponding libraries of sulfamate and phenol derivatives in yields of 8-50 % and 13-58 % to be obtained with an average HPLC purity of 94 % and 91 %, respectively. Potent steroid sulfatase inhibitors and interesting SAR results were generated from the screening of the sulfamate library. Furthermore, moderate inhibitors of type 1 17beta-HSD resulted from the partial screening of phenol library. Thus, these two categories of compounds were synthesized to rapidly identify potential inhibitors of steroid biosynthesis for the hormonal therapy of estrogen-dependent diseases, and also to demonstrate the versatility and efficiency of the recently developed sulfamate linker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liviu C Ciobanu
- Medicinal Chemistry Division, Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology Research Center, CHUQ-Pavillon CHUL, 2705 Laurier Boulevard, Québec, Canada
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26
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Bhattarai KM, del Amo V, Magro G, Sisson AL, Joos JB, Charmant JPH, Kantacha A, Davis AP. The "triamino-analogue" of methyl allocholate; a rigid, functionalised scaffold for supramolecular chemistry. Chem Commun (Camb) 2006:2335-7. [PMID: 16733571 DOI: 10.1039/b602415g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cholic acid has been converted into triamine with the all-trans polycyclic allocholanoyl skeleton and co-directed, axial amino groups; the potential of this system as a scaffold is illustrated by conversion to a preorganised anion receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadga M Bhattarai
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol, UK BS8 1TS
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27
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Vicker N, Lawrence HR, Allan GM, Bubert C, Smith A, Tutill HJ, Purohit A, Day JM, Mahon MF, Reed MJ, Potter BVL. Focused Libraries of 16-Substituted Estrone Derivatives and Modified E-Ring Steroids: Inhibitors of 17ß-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1. ChemMedChem 2006; 1:464-81. [PMID: 16892382 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.200500087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1), an oxidoreductase which has a preferential reductive activity using NADPH as cofactor, converts estrone to estradiol and is expressed in many steroidogenic tissues including breast and in malignant breast cells. As estradiol stimulates the growth and development of hormone-dependent breast cancer, inhibition of the final step of its synthesis is an attractive target for the treatment of this disease. The parallel synthesis of novel focused libraries of 16-substituted estrone derivatives and modified E-ring pyrazole steroids as new potent 17beta-HSD1 inhibitors is described. Substituted 3-O-sulfamoylated estrone derivatives were used as templates and were immobilised on 2-chlorotrityl chloride resin to give resin-bound scaffolds with a multi-detachable linker. Novel focused libraries of 16-substituted estrone derivatives and new modified E-ring steroids were assembled from these immobilised templates using solid-phase organic synthesis and solution-phase methodologies. Among the derivatives synthesised, the most potent 17beta-HSD1 inhibitors were 25 and 26 with IC50 values in T-47D human breast cancer cells of 27 and 165 nm, respectively. Parallel synthesis resulting in a library of C5'-linked amides from the pyrazole E-ring led to the identification of 62 with an IC50 value of 700 nM. These potent inhibitors of 17beta-HSD1 have a 2-ethyl substituent which will decrease their estrogenic potential. Several novel 17beta-HSD1 inhibitors emerged from these libraries and these provide direction for further template exploration in this area. A new efficient diastereoselective synthesis of 25 has also been developed to facilitate supply for in vivo evaluation, and an X-ray crystal structure of this inhibitor is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nigel Vicker
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology and Sterix Ltd., University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, and St. Mary's Hospital, London, UK
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28
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Abstract
This article reviews the progress in the chemistry of the steroids that was published between January and December 2004. The reactions and partial synthesis of estrogens, androgens, pregnanes, cholic acid derivatives, cholestanes and vitamin D analogues are covered. There are 127 references.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Hanson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sussex, Brighton, Sussex, UKBN1 9QJ
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29
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Langenhan JM, Peters NR, Guzei IA, Hoffmann FM, Thorson JS. Enhancing the anticancer properties of cardiac glycosides by neoglycorandomization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2005; 102:12305-10. [PMID: 16105948 PMCID: PMC1194917 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0503270102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2005] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosylated natural products are reliable platforms for the development of many front-line drugs, yet our understanding of the relationship between attached sugars and biological activity is limited by the availability of convenient glycosylation methods. When a universal chemical glycosylation method that employs reducing sugars and requires no protection or activation is used, the glycorandomization of digitoxin leads to analogs that display significantly enhanced potency and tumor specificity and suggests a divergent mechanistic relationship between cardiac glycoside-induced cytotoxicity and Na+/K+-ATPase inhibition. This report highlights the remarkable advantages of glycorandomization as a powerful tool in glycobiology and drug discovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Langenhan
- Laboratory for Biosynthetic Chemistry, Pharmaceutical Sciences Division, School of Pharmacy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53705, USA
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30
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Abstract
Recent synthetic and biological studies of the viridin class of steroidal furans have revealed multiple opportunities for fundamental discoveries as well as advanced drug design. Wortmannin is a potent enzyme inhibitor that binds to the ATP site of important regulatory kinases such as PI-3 kinase and Polo-like kinase. The natural product shares a unique mechanism-based biological activation pathway with other viridins. Furthermore, while there have been several encouraging approaches toward the total synthesis of these compounds, there is still ample room for improvements in synthetic strategies and tactics, and the development of structurally simplified analogs that exert more specific biological effects and are devoid of toxicity issues that have thwarted the clinical development of the parent compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
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31
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Abstract
Natural products have a long history of success as biologically active leads for therapeutic agents. The ability to prepare analogues and to discover structure-activity relationships is necessary to truly harness the potential of natural products. Recently, combinatorial chemistry has risen to this challenge, and even fairly complex natural products can be targeted for parallel synthesis. Academic and industrial efforts have employed natural products from the peptide, alkaloid, polyketide, and terpenoid and steroid classes in combinatorial chemistry approaches for the production of medicinally important compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ganesan
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK.
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32
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Maltais R, Mercier C, Labrie F, Poirier D. Solid-phase synthesis of model libraries of 3 ?17?-dihydroxy-16?-(aminoethyl-N-substituted)-5?-androstanes for the development of steroidal therapeutic agents. Mol Divers 2005; 9:67-79. [PMID: 15789554 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-005-1312-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The solid-phase synthesis of 16alpha-derivatives of 5alpha-androstane-3alpha, 17beta-diol with one, two or three levels of molecular diversity was accomplished using the diethylsilyloxy linker. Libraries with one level of diversity (10 members) and two levels of diversity (40 members) were synthesized in a parallel fashion in good yields and acceptable HPLC purities for the majority of library members. Compounds with three levels of diversity (15 pools) were realized in a split and pool fashion to allow further deconvolution by the positional scanning method. The screening of the generated model libraries revealed interesting preliminary structure-activity relationships related to their antiproliferative activities on androgen-sensitive Shionogi cells. In the case of the two-level library, the presence of a hydrophobic amino acid at R1 (isoleucine (Ile) or phenylalanine (Phe)) and a six-membered ring (aromatic or not) at R2 seems an important requirement for activity. In the three-level library, the amino acid residues isoleucine and phenylalanine clearly provided a better antiproliferative activity than glycine (Gly) and proline (Pro). These model libraries will serve as basis for the generation of larger libraries of peptidosteroids toward the development of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- René Maltais
- Oncology and Molecular Endocrinology Research Center (Medicinal Chemistry Division), Université Laval, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Québec (CHUQ)-Pavillon CHUL, 2705 Laurier Blvd, Québec, Canada G1V 4G2
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