1
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Tarchoun K, Soltész D, Farkas V, Lee HJ, Szabó I, Bánóczi Z. Influence of Aza-Glycine Substitution on the Internalization of Penetratin. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:477. [PMID: 38675138 PMCID: PMC11053488 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The cell-penetrating peptide (CPP) penetratin has gained much attention over many years due to its potential role as a transporter for a broad range of cargo into cells. The modification of penetratin has been extensively investigated too. Aza-peptides are peptide analogs in which one or more of the amino residues are replaced by a semicarbazide. This substitution results in conformational restrictions and modifications in hydrogen bonding properties, which affect the structure and may lead to enhanced activity and selectivity of the modified peptide. In this work, the Trp residues of penetratin were substituted by aza-glycine or glycine residues to examine the effect of these modifications on the cellular uptake and the internalization mechanism. The substitution of Trp48 or Trp48,56 dramatically reduced the internalization, showing the importance of Trp48 in cellular uptake. Interestingly, while aza-glycine in the position of Trp56 increased the cellular uptake, Gly reduced it. The two Trp-modified derivatives showed altered internalization pathways, too. Based on our knowledge, this is the first study about the effect of aza-amino acid substitution on the cell entry of CPPs. Our results suggest that aza-amino acid insertion is a useful modification to change the internalization of a CPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karima Tarchoun
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.S.)
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Dóra Soltész
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.S.)
- Hevesy György PhD School of Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Farkas
- HUN-REN-ELTE Protein Modeling Research Group, Institute of Chemistry, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Ho-Jin Lee
- Department of Natural Sciences, Southwest Tennessee Community College, Memphis, TN 38015, USA;
- Division of Natural and Mathematics Sciences, LeMoyne-Own College, Memphis, TN 38126, USA
| | - Ildikó Szabó
- HUN-REN-ELTE Research Group of Peptide Chemistry, 1117 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Zoltán Bánóczi
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, 1117 Budapest, Hungary; (K.T.); (D.S.)
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2
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Martino SD, Petri GL, De Rosa M. Hepatitis C: The Story of a Long Journey through First, Second, and Third Generation NS3/4A Peptidomimetic Inhibitors. What Did We Learn? J Med Chem 2024; 67:885-921. [PMID: 38179950 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Hepatitis C viral (HCV) infection is the leading cause of liver failure and still represents a global health burden. Over the past decade, great advancements made HCV curable, and sustained viral remission significantly improved to more than 98%. Historical treatment with pegylated interferon alpha and ribavirin has been displaced by combinations of direct-acting antivirals. These regimens include drugs targeting different stages of the HCV life cycle. However, the emergence of viral resistance remains a big concern. The design of peptidomimetic inhibitors (PIs) able to fit and fill the conserved substrate envelope region within the active site helped avoid contact with the vulnerable sites of the most common resistance-associated substitutions Arg155, Ala156, and Asp168. Herein, we give an overview of HCV NS3 PIs discovered during the past decade, and we deeply discuss the rationale behind the structural optimization efforts essential to achieve pangenotypic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Di Martino
- Drug Discovery Unit, Medicinal Chemistry Group, Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Giovanna Li Petri
- Drug Discovery Unit, Medicinal Chemistry Group, Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Maria De Rosa
- Drug Discovery Unit, Medicinal Chemistry Group, Ri.MED Foundation, Palermo 90133, Italy
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3
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Shi C, Kaffy J, Ha-Duong T, Gallard JF, Pruvost A, Mabondzo A, Ciccone L, Ongeri S, Tonali N. Proteolytically Stable Diaza-Peptide Foldamers Mimic Helical Hot Spots of Protein-Protein Interactions and Act as Natural Chaperones. J Med Chem 2023; 66:12005-12017. [PMID: 37632446 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel class of peptidomimetic foldamers based on diaza-peptide units are reported. Circular dichroism, attenuated total reflection -Fourier transform infrared, NMR, and molecular dynamics studies demonstrate that unlike the natural parent nonapeptide, the specific incorporation of one diaza-peptide unit at the N-terminus allows helical folding in water, which is further reinforced by the introduction of a second unit at the C-terminus. The ability of these foldamers to resist proteolysis, to mimic the small helical hot spot of transthyretin-amyloid β (Aβ) cross-interaction, and to decrease pathological Aβ aggregation demonstrates that the introduction of diaza-peptide units is a valid approach for designing mimics or inhibitors of protein-protein interaction and other therapeutic peptidomimetics. This study also reveals that small peptide foldamers can play the same role as physiological chaperone proteins and opens a new way to design inhibitors of amyloid protein aggregation, a hallmark of more than 20 serious human diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenghui Shi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Bat. Henri Moissan, 17 av. des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Julia Kaffy
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Bat. Henri Moissan, 17 av. des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Tâp Ha-Duong
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Bat. Henri Moissan, 17 av. des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Jean-François Gallard
- Equipe Biologie et Chimie Structurales, Dept Chimie et Biologie Structurales et Analytiques, ICSN CNRS, Université Paris Saclay, 1 avenue de la terrasse, 91190 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Alain Pruvost
- CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour La Santé, Université Paris-Saclay, SPI 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Aloise Mabondzo
- CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour La Santé, Université Paris-Saclay, SPI 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Lidia Ciccone
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Sandrine Ongeri
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Bat. Henri Moissan, 17 av. des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Nicolo Tonali
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, BioCIS, Bat. Henri Moissan, 17 av. des Sciences, 91400 Orsay, France
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4
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Habashi M, Chauhan PS, Vutla S, Senapati S, Diachkov M, El-Husseini A, Guérin B, Lubell WD, Rahimipour S. Aza-Residue Modulation of Cyclic d,l-α-Peptide Nanotube Assembly with Enhanced Anti-Amyloidogenic Activity. J Med Chem 2023; 66:3058-3072. [PMID: 36763536 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.2c02049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Transient soluble oligomers of amyloid-β (Aβ) are considered among the most toxic species in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Soluble Aβ oligomers accumulate early prior to insoluble plaque formation and cognitive impairment. The cyclic d,l-α-peptide CP-2 (1) self-assembles into nanotubes and demonstrates promising anti-amyloidogenic activity likely by a mechanism involving engagement of soluble oligomers. Systematic replacement of the residues in peptide 1 with aza-amino acid counterparts was performed to explore the effects of hydrogen bonding on propensity to mitigate Aβ aggregation and toxicity. Certain azapeptides exhibited improved ability to engage, alter the secondary structure, and inhibit aggregation of Aβ. Moreover, certain azapeptides disassembled preformed Aβ fibrils and protected cells from Aβ-mediated toxicity. Substitution of the l-norleucine3 and d-serine6 residues in peptide 1 with aza-norleucine and aza-homoserine provided, respectively, nontoxic [azaNle3]-1 (4) and [azaHse6]-1 (7), that significantly abated symptoms in a transgenic Caenorhabditis elegans AD model by decreasing Aβ oligomer levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maram Habashi
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Pradeep S Chauhan
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, B-3015 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Suresh Vutla
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, B-3015 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Sudipta Senapati
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Mykhailo Diachkov
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
| | - Ali El-Husseini
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, B-3015 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Brigitte Guérin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiobiology, Université de Sherbrooke 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
- Sherbrooke Molecular Imaging Center (CIMS), Research centre of the CHUS (CRCHUS) 3001, 12e Avenue Nord, Sherbrooke, Quebec J1H 5N4, Canada
| | - William D Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, B-3015 1375 Avenue Thérèse-Lavoie-Roux, Montréal, Québec H2V 0B3, Canada
| | - Shai Rahimipour
- Department of Chemistry, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel
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5
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Altiti A, He M, VanPatten S, Cheng KF, Ahmed U, Chiu PY, Mughrabi IT, Jabari BA, Burch RM, Manogue KR, Tracey KJ, Diamond B, Metz CN, Yang H, Hudson LK, Zanos S, Son M, Sherry B, Coleman TR, Al-Abed Y. Thiocarbazate building blocks enable the construction of azapeptides for rapid development of therapeutic candidates. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7127. [PMID: 36443291 PMCID: PMC9705435 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34712-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Peptides, polymers of amino acids, comprise a vital and expanding therapeutic approach. Their rapid degradation by proteases, however, represents a major limitation to their therapeutic utility and chemical modifications to native peptides have been employed to mitigate this weakness. Herein, we describe functionalized thiocarbazate scaffolds as precursors of aza-amino acids, that, upon activation, can be integrated in a peptide sequence to generate azapeptides using conventional peptide synthetic methods. This methodology facilitates peptide editing-replacing targeted amino acid(s) with aza-amino acid(s) within a peptide-to form azapeptides with preferred therapeutic characteristics (extending half-life/bioavailability, while at the same time typically preserving structural features and biological activities). We demonstrate the convenience of this azapeptide synthesis platform in two well-studied peptides with short half-lives: FSSE/P5779, a tetrapeptide inhibitor of HMGB1/MD-2/TLR4 complex formation, and bradykinin, a nine-residue vasoactive peptide. This bench-stable thiocarbazate platform offers a robust and universal approach to optimize peptide-based therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Altiti
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA.
| | - Mingzhu He
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Sonya VanPatten
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Kai Fan Cheng
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Umair Ahmed
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Pui Yan Chiu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Ibrahim T Mughrabi
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Bayan Al Jabari
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | | | - Kirk R Manogue
- Center for Molecular Innovation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Kevin J Tracey
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Betty Diamond
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Christine N Metz
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Huan Yang
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - LaQueta K Hudson
- Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Hempstead, NY, USA
| | - Stavros Zanos
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Myoungsun Son
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Barbara Sherry
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Thomas R Coleman
- Center for Molecular Innovation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Yousef Al-Abed
- Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Northwell Health, Manhasset, NY, USA.
- Center for Molecular Innovation, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
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6
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Härk HH, Troska A, Arujõe M, Burk P, Järv J, Ploom A. Kinetic study of aza-amino acid incorporation into peptide chains: Influence of the steric effect of the side chain. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.133161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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7
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Abstract
Azapeptides undergo on-resin, late-stage N-alkylations to install side chains with high chemoselectivity for the hydrazide nitrogen atoms. The major product is the N1-alkylated "azapeptoid", with only small amounts (<10%) of alkylation occurring at the other aza-amino acid nitrogen (N2). Dialkylations are also possible and afford highly functionalized, disubstituted azapeptides with side chains installed on both aza-amino acid nitrogen atoms. The site-selectivity was determined using Edman degradation, MS/MS sequencing, and comparative LCMS and NMR analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell O Bowles
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Caroline Proulx
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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8
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Mastitski A, Troska A, Järv J. Synthesis of Nω,Νω–di-Boc-3-guanidylpropanal - An Important Reagent for Synthesis of Aza-Arg Precursors. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2021.1967022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Mastitski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Alla Troska
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Järv
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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9
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Bowles M, Proulx C. Solid phase submonomer azapeptide synthesis. Methods Enzymol 2021; 656:169-190. [PMID: 34325786 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2021.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Azapeptides contain at least one aza-amino acid, where the α-carbon has been replaced by a nitrogen atom, and have found broad applicability in fields ranging from medicinal chemistry to biomaterials. In this chapter, we provide a step-by-step protocol for the solid phase submonomer synthesis of azapeptides, which includes three steps: (1) hydrazone activation and coupling onto a resin-bound peptide, (2) chemoselective semicarbazone functionalization for installation of the aza-amino acid side chain, and (3) orthogonal deprotection of the semicarbazone to complete the monomer addition cycle. We focus on semicarbazone functionalization by N-alkylation with primary alkyl halides, and describe conditions for coupling onto aza-amino acids. Such divergent methods accelerate the synthesis of peptidomimetics and allow the rapid introduction of a wide variety of natural and unnatural side chains directly on solid support using easily accessible submonomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxwell Bowles
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
| | - Caroline Proulx
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States.
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10
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11
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Proulx C, Zhang J, Sabatino D, Chemtob S, Ong H, Lubell WD. Synthesis and Biomedical Potential of Azapeptide Modulators of the Cluster of Differentiation 36 Receptor (CD36). Biomedicines 2020; 8:biomedicines8080241. [PMID: 32717955 PMCID: PMC7459725 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8080241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The innovative development of azapeptide analogues of growth hormone releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6) has produced selective modulators of the cluster of differentiation 36 receptor (CD36). The azapeptide CD36 modulators curb macrophage-driven inflammation and mitigate atherosclerotic and angiogenic pathology. In macrophages activated with Toll-like receptor-2 heterodimer agonist, they reduced nitric oxide production and proinflammatory cytokine release. In a mouse choroidal explant microvascular sprouting model, they inhibited neovascularization. In murine models of cardiovascular injury, CD36-selective azapeptide modulators exhibited cardioprotective and anti-atherosclerotic effects. In subretinal inflammation models, they altered activated mononuclear phagocyte metabolism and decreased immune responses to alleviate subsequent inflammation-dependent neuronal injury associated with retinitis pigmentosa, diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration. The translation of GHRP-6 to potent and selective linear and cyclic azapeptide modulators of CD36 is outlined in this review which highlights the relevance of turn geometry for activity and the biomedical potential of prototypes for the beneficial treatment of a wide range of cardiovascular, metabolic and immunological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Proulx
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA;
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research Centre, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing 401331, China;
| | - David Sabatino
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Seton Hall University, 400 South Orange Ave, South Orange, NJ 07079, USA;
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Département d’Ophtalmologie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3J7, Canada;
| | - Huy Ong
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3J7, Canada;
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C3J7, Canada
- Correspondence:
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12
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Melton SD, Brackhahn EAE, Orlin SJ, Jin P, Chenoweth DM. Rules for the design of aza-glycine stabilized triple-helical collagen peptides. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10638-10646. [PMID: 34094319 PMCID: PMC8162259 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc03003a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The stability of the triple-helical structure of collagen is modulated by a delicate balance of effects including polypeptide backbone geometry, a buried hydrogen bond network, dispersive interfacial interactions, and subtle stereoelectronic effects. Although the different amino acid propensities for the Xaa and Yaa positions of collagen's repeating (Glycine-Xaa-Yaa) primary structure have been described, our understanding of the impact of incorporating aza-glycine (azGly) residues adjacent to varied Xaa and Yaa position residues has been limited to specific sequences. Here, we detail the impact of variation in the Xaa position adjacent to an azGly residue and compare these results to our study on the impact of the Yaa position. For the first time, we present a set of design rules for azGly-stabilized triple-helical collagen peptides, accounting for all canonical amino acids in the Xaa and Yaa positions adjacent to an azGly residue, and extend these rules using multiple azGly residues. To gain atomic level insight into these new rules we present two high-resolution crystal structures of collagen triple helices, with the first peptoid-containing collagen peptide structure. In conjunction with biophysical and computational data, we highlight the critical importance of preserving the triple helix geometry and protecting the hydrogen bonding network proximal to the azGly residue from solvent. Our results provide a set of design guidelines for azGly-stabilized triple-helical collagen peptides and fundamental insight into collagen structure and stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D Melton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Emily A E Brackhahn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Samuel J Orlin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Pengfei Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - David M Chenoweth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania 231 South 34th Street Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
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13
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Vahter K, Mastitski A, Haljasorg T, Järv J. Regioselective One-pot Synthesis of N-Fmoc/Cbz, N’’-Boc Protected Indol-(3)-ylmethylhydrazines. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2020.1745597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kati Vahter
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | | | - Tõiv Haljasorg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Järv
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
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14
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Melton SD, Smith MS, Chenoweth DM. Incorporation of Aza-Glycine into Collagen Peptides. J Org Chem 2019; 85:1706-1711. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel D. Melton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - Mason S. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
| | - David M. Chenoweth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6323, United States
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15
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Prince RJ, Gao F, Pazienza JE, Marx IE, Schulz J, Hopkins BT. Utilization of Cyclic Amides as Masked Aldehyde Equivalents in Reductive Amination Reactions. J Org Chem 2019; 84:7936-7949. [PMID: 31117567 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b00816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
An operationally simple protocol has been discovered that couples primary or secondary amines with N-aryl-substituted lactams to deliver differentiated diamines in moderate to high yields. The process allows for the partial reduction of a lactam in the presence of Cp2ZrHCl (Schwartz's reagent), followed by a reductive amination between the resulting hemiaminal and primary or secondary amine. These reactions can be telescoped in a one-pot fashion to significantly simplify the operation. The scope of amines and substituted lactams of various ring sizes was demonstrated through the formation of a range of differentiated diamine products. Furthermore, this methodology was expanded to include N-aryl pyrrolidinone substrates with an enantiopure ester group at the 5-position, and α-amino piperidinones were prepared with complete retention of stereochemical information. The development of this chemistry has enabled the consideration of lactams as useful synthons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin J Prince
- Biotherapeutics and Medicinal Sciences , Biogen Inc. , 225 Binney Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Fang Gao
- Biotherapeutics and Medicinal Sciences , Biogen Inc. , 225 Binney Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Jessica E Pazienza
- Biotherapeutics and Medicinal Sciences , Biogen Inc. , 225 Binney Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Isaac E Marx
- Biotherapeutics and Medicinal Sciences , Biogen Inc. , 225 Binney Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Jurgen Schulz
- Biotherapeutics and Medicinal Sciences , Biogen Inc. , 225 Binney Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
| | - Brian T Hopkins
- Biotherapeutics and Medicinal Sciences , Biogen Inc. , 225 Binney Street , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02142 , United States
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16
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Aza-Amino Acids Disrupt β-Sheet Secondary Structures. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101919. [PMID: 31109055 PMCID: PMC6572070 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2019] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Cα to N substitution in aza-amino acids imposes local conformational constraints, changes in hydrogen bonding properties, and leads to adaptive chirality at the nitrogen atom. These properties can be exploited in mimicry and stabilization of peptide secondary structures and self-assembly. Here, the effect of a single aza-amino acid incorporation located in the upper β-strand at a hydrogen-bonded (HB) site of a β-hairpin model peptide (H-Arg-Tyr-Val-Glu-Val-d-Pro-Gly-Orn-Lys-Ile-Leu-Gln-NH2) is reported. Specifically, analogs in which valine3 was substituted for aza-valine3 or aza-glycine3 were synthesized, and their β-hairpin stabilities were examined using Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The azapeptide analogs were found to destabilize β-hairpin formation compared to the parent peptide. The aza-valine3 residue was more disruptive of β-hairpin geometry than its aza-glycine3 counterpart.
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17
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Mir FM, Atmuri NDP, Bourguet CB, Fores JR, Hou X, Chemtob S, Lubell WD. Paired Utility of Aza-Amino Acyl Proline and Indolizidinone Amino Acid Residues for Peptide Mimicry: Conception of Prostaglandin F2α Receptor Allosteric Modulators That Delay Preterm Birth. J Med Chem 2019; 62:4500-4525. [PMID: 30932486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.9b00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Peptide mimicry employing a combination of aza-amino acyl proline and indolizidinone residues has been used to develop allosteric modulators of the prostaglandin F2α receptor. The systematic study of the N-terminal phenylacetyl moiety and the conformation and side chain functions of the central turn dipeptide residue has demonstrated the sensitive relationships between modulator activity and topology. Examination of aza-Gly-Pro and aza-Phe-Pro analogs 2a and 2b in a murine preterm labor model featuring treatment with lipopolysaccharide demonstrated their capacity to extend significantly (>20 h) the average time of delivery offering new prototypes for delaying premature birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh M Mir
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville , Montréal H3C 3J7 QC , Canada
| | - N D Prasad Atmuri
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville , Montréal H3C 3J7 QC , Canada
| | - Carine B Bourguet
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville , Montréal H3C 3J7 QC , Canada
| | - Jennifer Rodon Fores
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville , Montréal H3C 3J7 QC , Canada
| | - Xin Hou
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center , Montréal H3T 1C5 , QC , Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center , Montréal H3T 1C5 , QC , Canada
| | - William D Lubell
- Département de Chimie , Université de Montréal , C.P. 6128 Succursale Centre-Ville , Montréal H3C 3J7 QC , Canada
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18
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Chingle R, Mulumba M, Chung NN, Nguyen TMD, Ong H, Ballet S, Schiller PW, Lubell WD. Solid-Phase Azopeptide Diels–Alder Chemistry for Aza-pipecolyl Residue Synthesis To Study Peptide Conformation. J Org Chem 2019; 84:6006-6016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nga N. Chung
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | - Thi M.-D. Nguyen
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
| | | | - Steven Ballet
- Research Group of Organic Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Peter W. Schiller
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Peptide Research, Clinical Research Institute of Montreal, 110 Pine Avenue West, Montréal, Québec H2W 1R7, Canada
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19
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Dai C, Ma J, Li M, Wu W, Xia X, Zhang J. Diversity-oriented submonomer synthesis of azapeptides mediated by the Mitsunobu reaction. Org Chem Front 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qo00296k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new approach featuring the Mitsunobu reaction for the convenient synthesis of azapeptides on a solid support.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Dai
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Jun Ma
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Min Li
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Wen Wu
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Xuefeng Xia
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Innovative Drug Research Centre (IDRC)
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Chongqing University
- Chongqing 401331
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20
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Ahsanullah, Chingle R, Ohm RG, Chauhan PS, Lubell WD. Aza‐propargylglycine installation by aza‐amino acylation: Synthesis and Ala‐scan of an azacyclopeptide CD36 modulator. Pept Sci (Hoboken) 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pep2.24102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ahsanullah
- Département de ChimieUniversité de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Ramesh Chingle
- Département de ChimieUniversité de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
| | - Ragnhild G. Ohm
- Département de ChimieUniversité de Montréal Montréal Québec Canada
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21
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Mastitski A, Niinepuu S, Haljasorg T, Järv J. One-Pot Synthesis of Protected Benzylhydrazines from Acetals. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2018.1468983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anton Mastitski
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Siret Niinepuu
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tõiv Haljasorg
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Jaak Järv
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Tartu, Ravila 14a, 50411 Tartu, Estonia
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22
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Arujõe M, Ploom A, Mastitski A, Järv J. Influence of steric effects in solid-phase aza-peptide synthesis. Tetrahedron Lett 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2018.04.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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23
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Bizet F, Tonali N, Soulier JL, Oliva A, Kaffy J, Crousse B, Ongeri S. Towards a general synthesis of di-aza-amino acids containing peptides. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03635g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three synthetic routes are studied and compared to introduce two consecutive aza-amino acids bearing various side chains into peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faustine Bizet
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS, Université Paris Saclay
- 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément
- 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex
- France
| | - Nicolo Tonali
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS, Université Paris Saclay
- 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément
- 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex
- France
| | - Jean-Louis Soulier
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS, Université Paris Saclay
- 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément
- 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex
- France
| | - Agostino Oliva
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS, Université Paris Saclay
- 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément
- 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex
- France
| | - Julia Kaffy
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS, Université Paris Saclay
- 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément
- 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex
- France
| | - Benoit Crousse
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS, Université Paris Saclay
- 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément
- 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex
- France
| | - Sandrine Ongeri
- BioCIS, Univ. Paris-Sud
- CNRS, Université Paris Saclay
- 5 rue Jean-Baptiste Clément
- 92296 Châtenay-Malabry Cedex
- France
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24
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Chignen Possi K, Mulumba M, Omri S, Garcia-Ramos Y, Tahiri H, Chemtob S, Ong H, Lubell WD. Influences of Histidine-1 and Azaphenylalanine-4 on the Affinity, Anti-inflammatory, and Antiangiogenic Activities of Azapeptide Cluster of Differentiation 36 Receptor Modulators. J Med Chem 2017; 60:9263-9274. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelvine Chignen Possi
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie, and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale, Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Mukandila Mulumba
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie, and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale, Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Samy Omri
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie, and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale, Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Yesica Garcia-Ramos
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie, and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale, Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Houda Tahiri
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie, and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale, Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie, and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale, Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Huy Ong
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie, and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale, Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie, and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale, Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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25
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Ibrahim MIA, Zhou Z, Deng C, Didierjean C, Vanderesse R, Bodiguel J, Averlant-Petit MC, Jamart-Grégoire B. Impact of Cα
-Chirality on Supramolecular Self-Assembly in Cyclo-2:1-[α/aza]-Hexamers (d
/l
-Phe-azaPhe-Ala)2. European J Org Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201700555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Ibrahim Abdelmoneim Ibrahim
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM); UMR 7375; CNRS; Université de Lorraine; 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451 54001 Nancy France
- Marine Chemistry Department; National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries (NIOF); Qayet-Bey, El-Anfoushy 21557 Alexandria Egypt
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM); UMR 7375; CNRS; Université de Lorraine; 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451 54001 Nancy France
| | - Cheng Deng
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM); UMR 7375; CNRS; Université de Lorraine; 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451 54001 Nancy France
| | - Claude Didierjean
- Laboratoire de Cristallographie; Résonance Magnétique et Modélisation (CRM2); UMR 7036; CNRS; Université de Lorraine; Boulevard des Aiguillettes 56506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy France
| | - Régis Vanderesse
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM); UMR 7375; CNRS; Université de Lorraine; 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451 54001 Nancy France
| | - Jacques Bodiguel
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM); UMR 7375; CNRS; Université de Lorraine; 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451 54001 Nancy France
| | - Marie-Christine Averlant-Petit
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM); UMR 7375; CNRS; Université de Lorraine; 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451 54001 Nancy France
| | - Brigitte Jamart-Grégoire
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Macromoléculaire (LCPM); UMR 7375; CNRS; Université de Lorraine; 1 rue Grandville, BP 20451 54001 Nancy France
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27
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Chingle R, Proulx C, Lubell WD. Azapeptide Synthesis Methods for Expanding Side-Chain Diversity for Biomedical Applications. Acc Chem Res 2017; 50:1541-1556. [PMID: 28598597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.7b00114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mimicry of bioactive conformations is critical for peptide-based medicinal chemistry because such peptidomimetics may augment stability, enhance affinity, and increase specificity. Azapeptides are peptidomimetics in which the α-carbon(s) of one or more amino acid residues are substituted by nitrogen. The resulting semicarbazide analogues have been shown to reinforce β-turn conformation through the combination of lone pair-lone pair repulsion of the adjacent hydrazine nitrogen and urea planarity. Substitution of a semicarbazide for an amino amide residue in a peptide may retain biological activity and add benefits such as improved metabolic stability. The applications of azapeptides include receptor ligands, enzyme inhibitors, prodrugs, probes, and imaging agents. Moreover, azapeptides have proven therapeutic utility. For example, the aza-glycinamide analogue of the luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone analogue Zoladex is a potent long-acting agonist currently used in the clinic for the treatment of prostate and breast cancer. However, the use of azapeptides was hampered by tedious solution-phase synthetic routes for selective hydrazine functionalization. A remarkable stride to overcome this bottleneck was made in 2009 through the introduction of the submonomer procedure for azapeptide synthesis, which enabled addition of diverse side chains onto a common semicarbazone intermediate, providing a means to construct azapeptide libraries by solution- and solid-phase chemistry. In brief, aza residues are introduced into the peptide chain using the submonomer strategy by semicarbazone incorporation, deprotonation, N-alkylation, and orthogonal deprotection. Amino acylation of the resulting semicarbazide and elongation gives the desired azapeptide. Since the initial report, a number of chemical transformations have taken advantage of the orthogonal chemistry of semicarbazone residues (e.g., Michael additions and N-arylations). In addition, libraries have been synthesized from libraries by diversification of aza-propargylglycine (e.g., A3 coupling reactions, [1,3]-dipolar cycloadditions, and 5-exo-dig cyclizations) and aza-chloroalkylglycine residues. In addition, oxidation of aza-glycine residues has afforded azopeptides that react in pericyclic reactions (e.g., Diels-Alder and Alder-ene chemistry). The bulk of these transformations of aza-glycine residues have been developed by the Lubell laboratory, which has applied such chemistry in the synthesis of ligands with promising biological activity for treating diseases such as cancer and age-related macular degeneration. Azapeptide analogues of growth hormone-releasing peptide-6 (His-d-Trp-Ala-Trp-d-Phe-Lys-NH2, GHRP-6) have for example been pursued as ligands of the cluster of differentiation 36 receptor (CD36) and show promising activity for the development of treatments for angiogenesis-related diseases, such as age-related macular degeneration, as well as for atherosclerosis. Azapeptides have also been employed to make a series of conformationally constrained second mitochondria-derived activator of caspase (Smac) mimetics that exhibit promising apoptosis-inducing activity in cancer cells. The synthesis of cyclic azapeptide derivatives was used to make an aza scan to study the conformation-activity relationships of the anticancer agent cilengitide, cyclo(RGDf-N(Me)V), and its parent counterpart cyclo(RGDfV), which exhibit potency against human tumor metastasis and tumor-induced angiogenesis. Innovations in the synthesis and application of azapeptides will be presented in this Account, focusing on the creation and use of side-chain diversity in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Chingle
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C. P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Caroline Proulx
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C. P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - William D. Lubell
- Department of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, C. P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3C 3J7
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Charron CL, Hickey JL, Nsiama TK, Cruickshank DR, Turnbull WL, Luyt LG. Molecular imaging probes derived from natural peptides. Nat Prod Rep 2017; 33:761-800. [PMID: 26911790 DOI: 10.1039/c5np00083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Covering: up to the end of 2015.Peptides are naturally occurring compounds that play an important role in all living systems and are responsible for a range of essential functions. Peptide receptors have been implicated in disease states such as oncology, metabolic disorders and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, natural peptides have been exploited as diagnostic and therapeutic agents due to the unique target specificity for their endogenous receptors. This review discusses a variety of natural peptides highlighting their discovery, endogenous receptors, as well as their derivatization to create molecular imaging agents, with an emphasis on the design of radiolabelled peptides. This review also highlights methods for discovering new and novel peptides when knowledge of specific targets and endogenous ligands are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- C L Charron
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
| | - J L Hickey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
| | - T K Nsiama
- London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
| | - D R Cruickshank
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
| | - W L Turnbull
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
| | - L G Luyt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada. and Departments of Oncology and Medical Imaging, The University of Western Ontario, London, Canada and London Regional Cancer Program, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Canada
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Singh S, Shrivastava R, Singh G, Ali R, Sankar Ampapathi R, Bhadhuria S, Haq W. AzaGly-Appended Peptidomimetics Structurally Related to PTR6154 as Potential PKB/Akt Inhibitors. Chembiochem 2017; 18:1061-1065. [DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201700031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Singh
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India
| | - Richa Shrivastava
- Toxicology Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; New Delhi 11000 India
| | - Gajendra Singh
- NMR Centre; SAIF; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; New Delhi 11000 India
| | - Rafat Ali
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India
| | - Ravi Sankar Ampapathi
- NMR Centre; SAIF; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; New Delhi 11000 India
| | - Smrati Bhadhuria
- Toxicology Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; New Delhi 11000 India
| | - Wahajul Haq
- Medicinal and Process Chemistry Division; CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute; Lucknow Uttar Pradesh 226031 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research; New Delhi 11000 India
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Traoré M, Gignac M, Doan ND, Hof F, Lubell WD. Aza-amino acid scanning of chromobox homolog 7 (CBX7) ligands. J Pept Sci 2017; 23:266-271. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Traoré
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
- NuChem Therapeutics Inc.; 6100 Royalmount Ave Montreal H4P 2R2 Canada
| | - Michael Gignac
- Department of Chemistry; University of Victoria; Victoria British Columbia V8W 3V6 Canada
| | - Ngoc-Duc Doan
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
- Department of Chemistry; Massachusetts Institute of Technology; 77 Massachusetts Ave Cambridge 02139 USA
| | - Fraser Hof
- Department of Chemistry; University of Victoria; Victoria British Columbia V8W 3V6 Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
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Eustache S, Leprince J, Tufféry P. Progress with peptide scanning to study structure-activity relationships: the implications for drug discovery. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016; 11:771-84. [PMID: 27310575 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2016.1201058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Peptides have gained renewed interest as candidate therapeutics. However, to bring them to a broader clinical use, challenges such as the rational optimization of their pharmacological properties remain. Peptide scanning techniques offer a systematic framework to gain information on the functional role of individual amino acids of a peptide. Due to progress in mastering new chemical synthesis routes targeting amino acid backbone, they are currently diversified. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) analyses such as alanine- or enantioneric- scanning can now be supplemented by N-substitution, lactam cyclisation- or aza-amino scanning procedures addressing not only SAR considerations but also the peptide pharmacological properties. AREAS COVERED This review highlights the different scanning techniques currently available and illustrates how they can impact drug discovery. EXPERT OPINION Progress in peptide scanning techniques opens new perspectives for peptide drug development. It comes with the promise of a paradigm change in peptide drug design in which peptide drugs will be closer to the parent peptides. However, scanning still remains assimilable to a trial and error strategy that could benefit from being combined with specific in silico approaches that start reaching maturity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Eustache
- a INSERM UMR-S 973 , University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France
| | - Jérôme Leprince
- b INSERM U982 , Regional Platform for Cell Imaging of Normandy (PRIMACEN), University Rouen-Normandy , Mont-Saint-Aignan, France
| | - Pierre Tufféry
- a INSERM UMR-S 973 , University Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité , Paris , France
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Chingle R, Ratni S, Claing A, Lubell WD. Application of constrained aza-valine analogs for Smac mimicry. Biopolymers 2016; 106:235-44. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22851] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Chingle
- Département De Chimie; Université De Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal; QC H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Sara Ratni
- Département De Pharmacologie; Université De Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal; QC H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Audrey Claing
- Département De Pharmacologie; Université De Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal; QC H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département De Chimie; Université De Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal; QC H3C 3J7 Canada
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Mastitski A, Niinepuu S, Haljasorg T, Järv J. One-pot Synthesis of Protected Alkylhydrazines from Acetals and Ketals. Scope and Limitations. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2015.1088760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramesh Chingle
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P.
6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec Canada H3C 3J7
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P.
6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec Canada H3C 3J7
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Zhang Y, Malamakal RM, Chenoweth DM. A Single Stereodynamic Center Modulates the Rate of Self-Assembly in a Biomolecular System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201504459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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36
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Zhang Y, Malamakal RM, Chenoweth DM. A Single Stereodynamic Center Modulates the Rate of Self-Assembly in a Biomolecular System. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2015. [PMID: 26212926 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201504459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chirality is a property of asymmetry important to both physical and abstract systems. Understanding how molecular systems respond to perturbations in their chiral building blocks can provide insight into diverse areas such as biomolecular self-assembly, protein folding, drug design, materials, and catalysis. Despite the fundamental importance of stereochemical preorganization in nature and designed materials, the ramifications of replacing chiral centers with stereodynamic atomic mimics in the context of biomolecular systems is unknown. Herein, we demonstrate that replacement of a single amino acid stereocenter with a stereodynamic nitrogen atom has profound consequences on the self-assembly of a biomolecular system. Our results provide insight into how the fundamental biopolymers of life would behave if their chiral centers were not configurationally stable, highlighting the vital importance of stereochemistry as a pre-organizing element in biomolecular folding and assembly events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yitao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34thStreet, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (USA)
| | - Roy M Malamakal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34thStreet, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (USA)
| | - David M Chenoweth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34thStreet, Philadelphia, PA 19104 (USA).
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37
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Amino acid chlorides: a journey from instability and racemization toward broader utility in organic synthesis including peptides and their mimetics. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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38
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Mastitski A, Järv J. One-Pot Synthesis of Fmoc- and Boc-Protected Aza-Methionine Precursors from 2-Methylthioacetaldehyde Dimethyl Acetal. ORG PREP PROCED INT 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00304948.2014.963460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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39
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Doan ND, Zhang J, Traoré M, Kamdem W, Lubell WD. Solid-phase synthesis of C-terminal azapeptides. J Pept Sci 2014; 21:387-91. [DOI: 10.1002/psc.2711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Revised: 10/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Duc Doan
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Jinqiang Zhang
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Mariam Traoré
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - Winnie Kamdem
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie; Université de Montréal; C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville Montréal Québec H3C 3J7 Canada
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40
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Bourguet CB, Claing A, Laporte SA, Hébert TE, Chemtob S, Lubell WD. Synthesis of azabicycloalkanone amino acid and azapeptide mimics and their application as modulators of the prostaglandin F2α receptor for delaying preterm birth. CAN J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2014-0289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Premature birth (<37 weeks gestation) is the major cause of perinatal mortality and morbidity and has been steadily increasing worldwide. Towards the rational design of more effective therapeutic agents for inhibiting uterine contractions and prolonging gestation (a so-called tocolytic drug), our team has targeted the prostaglandin F2α receptor (FP) employing a peptidomimetic approach designed to provide modulators of this novel target. We identified first a lead peptide (PDC113) (1) based on the sequence of the second extracellular loop of FP on the basis that the loop itself might modulate receptor activation. Systematic study of the structure−activity relationships of 1 generated hypotheses concerning the conformation and side-chains responsible for activity that led to the synthesis of PDC113.31 (2), a potent all d-amino acid peptide, which has successfully completed Phase 1b clinical trials. Employing indolizidinone amino acids, peptide mimics were developed that served to probe the mechanism of FP modulation. For example, PDC113.824 (9) was shown to allosterically regulate FP activity contingent on the presence of prostaglandin F2α by a mechanism implicating biased signalling. Although attempts to understand the turn geometry responsible for the activity of 9 by replacement of its indolizidin-2-one moiety with other azabicycloalkanones failed to produce biologically active analogs, employment of aza-aminoacyl-proline analogs resulted in a series of FP modulators exhibiting distinct effects on different G protein-mediated signalling pathways. Our program has thus contributed novel probes for understanding the chemical biology of FP as well as new therapeutic agents with promise for inhibiting uterine contractions and preventing preterm birth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carine B. Bourguet
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P.6128. Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Audrey Claing
- Département de Pharmacologie, Université de Montréal, C.P.6128. Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Stéphane A. Laporte
- Department of Medicine, McGill University Health Center Research Institute, Montréal, QC H3A 1A1, Canada
| | - Terence E. Hébert
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, Montréal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine Research Center, Montréal, QC H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P.6128. Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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41
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Traoré M, Doan ND, Lubell WD. Diversity-Oriented Synthesis of Azapeptides with Basic Amino Acid Residues: Aza-Lysine, Aza-Ornithine, and Aza-Arginine. Org Lett 2014; 16:3588-91. [DOI: 10.1021/ol501586y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Traoré
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - Ngoc-Duc Doan
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec, Canada H3C 3J7
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42
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Melnyk O, Ollivier N, Besret S, Melnyk P. Phenylthiocarbamate or N-carbothiophenyl group chemistry in peptide synthesis and bioconjugation. Bioconjug Chem 2014; 25:629-39. [PMID: 24641212 PMCID: PMC4064696 DOI: 10.1021/bc500052r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
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The design of novel chemoselective
and site-specific ligation methods
provides new tools for obtaining complex scaffolds, peptidomimetics,
and peptide conjugates. The chemistry of the N-phenylthiocarbonyl
group has led to several developments in peptide ligation chemistry
and peptide bioconjugation during the last 10 years. The aim of this
review is to provide an overview of this emerging field.
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43
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Avan I, Hall CD, Katritzky AR. Peptidomimetics via modifications of amino acids and peptide bonds. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:3575-94. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cs60384a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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44
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Biswas S, Abo-Dya NE, Oliferenko A, Khiabani A, Steel PJ, Alamry KA, Katritzky AR. Oxyazapeptides: Synthesis, Structure Determination, and Conformational Analysis. J Org Chem 2013; 78:8502-9. [DOI: 10.1021/jo401234g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suvendu Biswas
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Nader E. Abo-Dya
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic
Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig-44519, Egypt
| | - Alexander Oliferenko
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Amir Khiabani
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Peter J. Steel
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Canterbury,
Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Khalid A. Alamry
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan R. Katritzky
- Center for Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty
of Science, King Abdulaziz University,
Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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45
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Jamieson AG, Boutard N, Sabatino D, Lubell WD. Peptide scanning for studying structure-activity relationships in drug discovery. Chem Biol Drug Des 2013; 81:148-65. [PMID: 23253136 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.12042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Peptide-based therapeutics have grown in importance over the last few decades. Furthermore, peptides have been extensively used as lead compounds in the drug discovery process to investigate the nature of chemical space required for molecular recognition and activity at a variety of targets. This critical commentary reviews scanning techniques, which employ natural and non-proteinogenic amino acids to facilitate understanding of structural requirements for peptide biological activity. The value of sequence analysis by such methods is highlighted by examples, in which the elements for peptide affinity and activity have been elucidated and employed to prepare peptidomimetic leads for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G Jamieson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK
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46
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Abo-Dya NE, Biswas S, Basak A, Avan I, Alamry KA, Katritzky AR. Benzotriazole-Mediated Synthesis of Aza-peptides: En Route to an Aza-Leuenkephalin Analogue. J Org Chem 2013; 78:3541-52. [DOI: 10.1021/jo302251e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nader E. Abo-Dya
- Center for
Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic
Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Suvendu Biswas
- Center for
Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Akash Basak
- Center for
Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
| | - Ilker Avan
- Center for
Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Anadolu University, 26470, Eskişehir, Turkey
| | - Khalid A. Alamry
- Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alan R. Katritzky
- Center for
Heterocyclic Compounds,
Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-7200, United States
- Department of Chemistry, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
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47
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Garcia-Ramos Y, Proulx C, Lubell WD. Synthesis of hydrazine and azapeptide derivatives by alkylation of carbazates and semicarbazones. CAN J CHEM 2012. [DOI: 10.1139/v2012-070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Hydrazine and azapeptide analogs were synthesized effectively by alkylation of alkylidene carbazates and semicarbazones. In comparisons of benzylidene, benzhydrylidene, and fluorenylidene tert-butyl carbazates in alkylations using bases of different pKb character, superior conversion was obtained using the fluorenone derivative. Mild alkylation conditions were found employing Et4NOH as base and used to convert fluorenylidene tert-butyl carbazate into 13 different protected hydrazines. Moreover, racemization was avoided during alkylation of fluorenylidene semicarbazide in the synthesis of aza-propargylglycinylphenylalanine tert-butyl ester, the protecting groups from which could be selectively removed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yesica Garcia-Ramos
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Caroline Proulx
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montreal, QC H3C 3J7, Canada
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48
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Proulx C, Picard É, Boeglin D, Pohankova P, Chemtob S, Ong H, Lubell WD. Azapeptide Analogues of the Growth Hormone Releasing Peptide 6 as Cluster of Differentiation 36 Receptor Ligands with Reduced Affinity for the Growth Hormone Secretagogue Receptor 1a. J Med Chem 2012; 55:6502-11. [DOI: 10.1021/jm300557t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Proulx
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec
H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Émilie Picard
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec
H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Damien Boeglin
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec
H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Petra Pohankova
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec
H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Sylvain Chemtob
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec
H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Huy Ong
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec
H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département
de Chimie, ‡Département de Pédiatrie and §Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-Ville, Montréal, Québec
H3C 3J7, Canada
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49
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Spiegel J, Mas-Moruno C, Kessler H, Lubell WD. Cyclic Aza-peptide Integrin Ligand Synthesis and Biological Activity. J Org Chem 2012; 77:5271-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jo300311q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Spiegel
- Department Chemie, Institute
for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale
Centre Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Carlos Mas-Moruno
- Department Chemie, Institute
for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Horst Kessler
- Department Chemie, Institute
for Advanced Study, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty
of Science, King Abdulaziz University,
P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - William D. Lubell
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, Succursale
Centre Ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
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50
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Bonnet D, Margathe JF, Radford S, Pflimlin E, Riché S, Doman P, Hibert M, Ganesan A. Combinatorial aid for underprivileged scaffolds: solution and solid-phase strategies for a rapid and efficient access to novel aza-diketopiperazines (Aza-DKP). ACS COMBINATORIAL SCIENCE 2012; 14:323-34. [PMID: 22458603 DOI: 10.1021/co300015k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
An efficient solution-phase synthesis of aza-diketopiperazines (aza-DKP, triazinediones) is reported. A structurally diverse collection of c-[aza-alkylGly-Pro] derivatives and yet unreported 2,4,5-trisubstituted-1,2,4-triazine-3,6-diones has been synthesized starting from Fmoc-l-Pro-OH and various Fmoc-l-amino acids. To extend the practical value of this class of dipeptidomimetics, a general solid-phase synthesis approach amenable to library production was developed on both Wang-PS and HMBA-PS resins. The final acidic treatment of the resins in TFA/water mixture at room temperature enabled the rapid and quantitative cyclization/release highly pure triazinediones. The conformational preferences and the spatial organization of the three substituents of a representative 2,4,5-trisubstituted-1,2,4-triazine-3,6-dione were investigated by X-ray diffraction and (1)H NMR spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominique Bonnet
- Laboratoire d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route
du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Jean-François Margathe
- Laboratoire d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route
du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Sally Radford
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, U.
K
| | - Elsa Pflimlin
- Laboratoire d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route
du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Stéphanie Riché
- Laboratoire d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route
du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - Pete Doman
- Maybridge, Trevillet, Tintagel,
Cornwall PL34 OHW, U. K
| | - Marcel Hibert
- Laboratoire d’Innovation
Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS, Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Pharmacie, 74 route
du Rhin, 67412 Illkirch, France
| | - A. Ganesan
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich
NR4 7TJ, U. K
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