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Wang G, Xu L, Chen H, Liu Y, Pan P, Hou T. Recent advances in computational studies on voltage‐gated sodium channels: Drug design and mechanism studies. WIRES COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gaoang Wang
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Lei Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology Changzhou Jiangsu China
| | - Haiyi Chen
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Yifei Liu
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Peichen Pan
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
| | - Tingjun Hou
- Innovation Institute for Artificial Intelligence in Medicine of Zhejiang University College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China
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Tikhonov DB, Zhorov BS. P-Loop Channels: Experimental Structures, and Physics-Based and Neural Networks-Based Models. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12020229. [PMID: 35207150 PMCID: PMC8876033 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12020229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
The superfamily of P-loop channels includes potassium, sodium, and calcium channels, as well as TRP channels and ionotropic glutamate receptors. A rapidly increasing number of crystal and cryo-EM structures have revealed conserved and variable elements of the channel structures. Intriguing differences are seen in transmembrane helices of channels, which may include π-helical bulges. The bulges reorient residues in the helices and thus strongly affect their intersegment contacts and patterns of ligand-sensing residues. Comparison of the experimental structures suggests that some π-bulges are dynamic: they may appear and disappear upon channel gating and ligand binding. The AlphaFold2 models represent a recent breakthrough in the computational prediction of protein structures. We compared some crystal and cryo-EM structures of P-loop channels with respective AlphaFold2 models. Folding of the regions, which are resolved experimentally, is generally similar to that predicted in the AlphaFold2 models. The models also reproduce some subtle but significant differences between various P-loop channels. However, patterns of π-bulges do not necessarily coincide in the experimental and AlphaFold2 structures. Given the importance of dynamic π-bulges, further studies involving experimental and theoretical approaches are necessary to understand the cause of the discrepancy.
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Lopez-Charcas O, Pukkanasut P, Velu SE, Brackenbury WJ, Hales TG, Besson P, Gomora JC, Roger S. Pharmacological and nutritional targeting of voltage-gated sodium channels in the treatment of cancers. iScience 2021; 24:102270. [PMID: 33817575 PMCID: PMC8010468 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2021.102270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium (NaV) channels, initially characterized in excitable cells, have been shown to be aberrantly expressed in non-excitable cancer tissues and cells from epithelial origins such as in breast, lung, prostate, colon, and cervix, whereas they are not expressed in cognate non-cancer tissues. Their activity was demonstrated to promote aggressive and invasive potencies of cancer cells, both in vitro and in vivo, whereas their deregulated expression in cancer tissues has been associated with metastatic progression and cancer-related death. This review proposes NaV channels as pharmacological targets for anticancer treatments providing opportunities for repurposing existing NaV-inhibitors or developing new pharmacological and nutritional interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osbaldo Lopez-Charcas
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Piyasuda Pukkanasut
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, CHEM 280. 901, 14th Street S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Sadanandan E. Velu
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, CHEM 280. 901, 14th Street S, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - William J. Brackenbury
- Department of Biology, York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Heslington, York YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Tim G. Hales
- Institute of Academic Anaesthesia, Division of Systems Medicine, School of Medicine, the University of Dundee, DD1 9SY, Dundee, UK
| | - Pierre Besson
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
| | - Juan Carlos Gomora
- Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Circuito Exterior s/n Ciudad Universitaria, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City, 04510 México
| | - Sébastien Roger
- Université de Tours, EA4245 Transplantation, Immunologie, Inflammation, Faculté de Médecine de Tours, 10 Boulevard Tonnellé, 37032 Tours, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
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Xu L, Ding X, Wang T, Mou S, Sun H, Hou T. Voltage-gated sodium channels: structures, functions, and molecular modeling. Drug Discov Today 2019; 24:1389-1397. [PMID: 31129313 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2019.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs), formed by 24 transmembrane segments arranged into four domains, have a key role in the initiation and propagation of electrical signaling in excitable cells. VGSCs are involved in a variety of diseases, including epilepsy, cardiac arrhythmias, and neuropathic pain, and therefore have been regarded as appealing therapeutic targets for the development of anticonvulsant, antiarrhythmic, and local anesthetic drugs. In this review, we discuss recent advances in understanding the structures and biological functions of VGSCs. In addition, we systematically summarize eight pharmacologically distinct ligand-binding sites in VGSCs and representative isoform-selective VGSC modulators in clinical trials. Finally, we review studies on molecular modeling and computer-aided drug design (CADD) for VGSCs to help understanding of biological processes involving VGSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Xiaoqin Ding
- Beijing Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Tianhu Wang
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Shanzhi Mou
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou 213001, China
| | - Huiyong Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Tingjun Hou
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Palestro PH, Enrique N, Goicoechea S, Villalba ML, Sabatier LL, Martin P, Milesi V, Bruno Blanch LE, Gavernet L. Searching for New Leads To Treat Epilepsy: Target-Based Virtual Screening for the Discovery of Anticonvulsant Agents. J Chem Inf Model 2018; 58:1331-1342. [PMID: 29870230 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.7b00721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this investigation is to contribute to the development of new anticonvulsant drugs to treat patients with refractory epilepsy. We applied a virtual screening protocol that involved the search into molecular databases of new compounds and known drugs to find small molecules that interact with the open conformation of the Nav1.2 pore. As the 3D structure of human Nav1.2 is not available, we first assembled 3D models of the target, in closed and open conformations. After the virtual screening, the resulting candidates were submitted to a second virtual filter, to find compounds with better chances of being effective for the treatment of P-glycoprotein (P-gp) mediated resistant epilepsy. Again, we built a model of the 3D structure of human P-gp, and we validated the docking methodology selected to propose the best candidates, which were experimentally tested on Nav1.2 channels by patch clamp techniques and in vivo by the maximal electroshock seizure (MES) test. Patch clamp studies allowed us to corroborate that our candidates, drugs used for the treatment of other pathologies like Ciprofloxacin, Losartan, and Valsartan, exhibit inhibitory effects on Nav1.2 channel activity. Additionally, a compound synthesized in our lab, N, N'-diphenethylsulfamide, interacts with the target and also triggers significant Na1.2 channel inhibitory action. Finally, in vivo studies confirmed the anticonvulsant action of Valsartan, Ciprofloxacin, and N, N'-diphenethylsulfamide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo H Palestro
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Nicolas Enrique
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de la Plata), Fac. de Ciencias Exactas , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Sofia Goicoechea
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Maria L Villalba
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Laureano L Sabatier
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Pedro Martin
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de la Plata), Fac. de Ciencias Exactas , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Veronica Milesi
- Instituto de Estudios Inmunológicos y Fisiopatológicos (IIFP, CONICET-Universidad Nacional de la Plata), Fac. de Ciencias Exactas , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Luis E Bruno Blanch
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
| | - Luciana Gavernet
- Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Exact Sciences , National University of La Plata , 47 and 115 , La Plata , Buenos Aires B1900BJW , Argentina
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Xu L, Li D, Ding J, Pan L, Ding X. Insight into tetrodotoxin blockade and resistance mechanisms of Na v 1.2 sodium channel by theoretical approaches. Chem Biol Drug Des 2018; 92:1445-1457. [PMID: 29673065 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Nav 1.2, a member of voltage-gated sodium channels (Nav s) that are responsible for the generation and propagation of action potentials along the cell membrane, and play a vital role in the process of information transmission within the nervous system and muscle contraction, is preferentially expressed in the central nervous system. As a potent and selective blocker of Nav s, tetrodotoxin (TTX) has been extensively studied in biological and chemical sciences, whereas the detailed mechanism by which it blocks nine Nav 1 channel subtypes remain elusive. Despite the high structural similarity, the TTX metabolite 4,9-anhydro-TTX is 161 times less effective toward the mammalian Nav 1.2, which puzzled us to ask a question why such a subtle structural variation results in the largely binding affinity difference. In the current work, an integrated computational strategy, including homology modeling, induced fit docking, explicit-solvent MD simulations, and free energy calculations, was employed to investigate the binding mechanism and conformational determinants of TTX analogs. Based on the computational results, the H-bond interactions between C4-OH and C9-OH of TTX and the outer ring carboxylates of the selectivity-filter residues, and the cation-π interaction between the primary amine of guanidinium of TTX and Phe385 determine the difference of their binding affinities. Moreover, the computationally simulations were carried out for the D384N and E945K mutants of hNav 1.2-TTX, and the rank of the predicted binding free energies is in accordance with the experimental data. These observations provide a valuable model to design potent and selective neurotoxins of Nav 1.2 and shed light on the blocking mechanism of TTX to sodium channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Xu
- Institute of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University of Technology, Changzhou, China
| | - Dayu Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing, China
| | - Junjie Ding
- Beijing Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing, China
| | - Li Pan
- Beijing Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoqin Ding
- Beijing Institute of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Beijing, China
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Lillsunde KE, Tomašič T, Kikelj D, Tammela P. Marine alkaloid oroidin analogues with antiviral potential: A novel class of synthetic compounds targeting the cellular chaperone Hsp90. Chem Biol Drug Des 2017; 90:1147-1154. [DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.13034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 01/30/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katja-Emilia Lillsunde
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
| | - Tihomir Tomašič
- Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Danijel Kikelj
- Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Ljubljana; Ljubljana Slovenia
| | - Päivi Tammela
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences; Faculty of Pharmacy; University of Helsinki; Helsinki Finland
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Tomašič T, Mirt M, Barančoková M, Ilaš J, Zidar N, Tammela P, Kikelj D. Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of 4,5-dibromo-N-(thiazol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxamide derivatives as novel DNA gyrase inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:338-349. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2016.10.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 10/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Montalvão S, Leino TO, Kiuru PS, Lillsunde KE, Yli-Kauhaluoma J, Tammela P. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of 2-Aminobenzothiazole and Benzimidazole Analogs Based on the Clathrodin Structure. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2015; 349:137-49. [PMID: 26709468 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201500365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
A series of 2-aminobenzothiazole and benzimidazole analogs based on the clathrodin scaffold was synthesized and investigated for their antimicrobial and antiproliferative activities as well as for their effects in hepatitis C virus (HCV) replicon model. Compound 7, derived from 2-aminobenzothiazole, exhibited moderate antimicrobial activity only against the Gram-positive bacterium, Enterococcus faecalis. In the antiviral assay, compounds 4d and 7 were found to suppress the HCV replicon by >70%, but also to exhibit cytotoxicity against the host cells (35 and 44%, respectively). Compounds 4a and 7 demonstrated good activity in the antiproliferative assays on the human melanoma cell line A-375. To assess the selectivity of the effects between cancerous and noncancerous cells, a mouse fibroblast cell line was used. The IC50 values for compound 7 against the melanoma cell line A-375 and the fibroblast cell line BALB/c 3T3 were 16 and 71 µM, respectively, yielding fourfold selectivity toward the cancer cell line. These results suggest that compound 7 should be studied further in order to fully explore its potential for drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Montalvão
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Teppo O Leino
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Paula S Kiuru
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katja-Emilia Lillsunde
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Yli-Kauhaluoma
- Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Tammela
- Centre for Drug Research, Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
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Tomašič T, Katsamakas S, Hodnik Ž, Ilaš J, Brvar M, Solmajer T, Montalvão S, Tammela P, Banjanac M, Ergović G, Anderluh M, Peterlin Mašič L, Kikelj D. Discovery of 4,5,6,7-Tetrahydrobenzo[1,2-d]thiazoles as Novel DNA Gyrase Inhibitors Targeting the ATP-Binding Site. J Med Chem 2015; 58:5501-21. [PMID: 26098163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV are essential enzymes that control the topological state of DNA during replication and validated antibacterial drug targets. Starting from a library of marine alkaloid oroidin analogues, we identified low micromolar inhibitors of Escherichia coli DNA gyrase based on the 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroquinazoline and 4,5,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[1,2-d]thiazole scaffolds. Structure-based optimization of the initial hits resulted in low nanomolar E. coli DNA gyrase inhibitors, some of which exhibited micromolar inhibition of E. coli topoisomerase IV and of Staphylococcus aureus homologues. Some of the compounds possessed modest antibacterial activity against Gram positive bacterial strains, while their evaluation against wild-type, impA and ΔtolC E. coli strains suggests that they are efflux pump substrates and/or do not possess the physicochemical properties necessary for cell wall penetration. Our study provides a rationale for optimization of this class of compounds toward balanced dual DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV inhibitors with antibacterial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tihomir Tomašič
- †Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sotirios Katsamakas
- †Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.,‡Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Žiga Hodnik
- †Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janez Ilaš
- †Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matjaž Brvar
- §Laboratory for Biocomputing and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Tom Solmajer
- §Laboratory for Biocomputing and Bioinformatics, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova ulica 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Sofia Montalvão
- ∥Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Tammela
- ∥Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre for Drug Research, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 56, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Mihailo Banjanac
- ⊥Galapagos Istraživački Ctr D.o.o, Prilaz Baruna Filipovića 29, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gabrijela Ergović
- ⊥Galapagos Istraživački Ctr D.o.o, Prilaz Baruna Filipovića 29, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Marko Anderluh
- †Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Lucija Peterlin Mašič
- †Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Danijel Kikelj
- †Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Tomašič T, Nabergoj D, Vrbek S, Zidar N, Jakopin Ž, Žula A, Hodnik Ž, Jukič M, Anderluh M, Ilaš J, Dolenc MS, Peluso J, Ubeaud-Séquier G, Muller CD, Mašič LP, Kikelj D. Analogues of the marine alkaloids oroidin, clathrodin, and hymenidin induce apoptosis in human HepG2 and THP-1 cancer cells. MEDCHEMCOMM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4md00286e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Structural modification of the marine alkaloid oroidin resulted in improved apoptosis inducing activity in HepG2 and THP-1 cell lines.
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Synthesis and biological evaluation of piperazine derivatives as novel isoform selective voltage-gated sodium (Nav) 1.3 channel modulators. Med Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-014-1300-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Peigneur S, Zula A, Zidar N, Chan-Porter F, Kirby R, Madge D, Ilaš J, Kikelj D, Tytgat J. Action of clathrodin and analogues on voltage-gated sodium channels. Mar Drugs 2014; 12:2132-43. [PMID: 24714127 PMCID: PMC4012458 DOI: 10.3390/md12042132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/25/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Clathrodin is a marine alkaloid and believed to be a modulator of voltage-gated sodium (Na(V)) channels. Since there is an urgent need for small molecule Na(V) channel ligands as novel therapeutics, clathrodin could represent an interesting lead compound. Therefore, clathrodin was reinvestigated for its potency and Na(V) channel subtype selectivity. Clathrodin and its synthetic analogues were subjected to screening on a broad range of Na(V) channel isoforms, both in voltage clamp and patch clamp conditions. Even though clathrodin was not found to exert any activity, some analogues were capable of modulating the Na(V) channels, hereby validating the pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole alkaloid structure as a core structure for future small molecule-based Na(V) channel modulators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve Peigneur
- Catholic University Leuven (KULeuven), Toxicology and Pharmacology, Herestraat 49-Box 922, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Aleš Zula
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Nace Zidar
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Fiona Chan-Porter
- Xention Ltd., Iconix Park, London Road, Pampisford, Cambridge CB22 3EG, UK.
| | - Robert Kirby
- Xention Ltd., Iconix Park, London Road, Pampisford, Cambridge CB22 3EG, UK.
| | - David Madge
- Xention Ltd., Iconix Park, London Road, Pampisford, Cambridge CB22 3EG, UK.
| | - Janez Ilaš
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Danijel Kikelj
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aškerčeva 7, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Jan Tytgat
- Catholic University Leuven (KULeuven), Toxicology and Pharmacology, Herestraat 49-Box 922, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
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