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Donati G, Viviano M, D'Amore VM, Cipriano A, Diakogiannaki I, Amato J, Tomassi S, Brancaccio D, Russomanno P, Di Leva FS, Arosio D, Seneci P, Taliani S, Magiera-Mularz K, Musielak B, Skalniak L, Holak TA, Castellano S, La Pietra V, Marinelli L. A combined approach of structure-based virtual screening and NMR to interrupt the PD-1/PD-L1 axis: Biphenyl-benzimidazole containing compounds as novel PD-L1 inhibitors. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2300583. [PMID: 38110703 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202300583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has emerged as a game-changing approach for cancer treatment. Although monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting the programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death protein 1 ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1) axis have entered the market revolutionizing the treatment landscape of many cancer types, small molecules, although presenting several advantages including the possibility of oral administration and/or reduced costs, struggled to enter in clinical trials, suffering of water insolubility and/or inadequate potency compared with mAbs. Thus, the search for novel scaffolds for both the design of effective small molecules and possible synergistic strategies is an ongoing field of interest. In an attempt to find novel chemotypes, a virtual screening approach was employed, resulting in the identification of new chemical entities with a certain binding capability, the most versatile of which was the benzimidazole-containing compound 10. Through rational design, a small library of its derivatives was synthesized and evaluated. The homogeneous time-resolved fluorescence (HTRF) assay revealed that compound 17 shows the most potent inhibitory activity (IC50 ) in the submicromolar range and notably, differently from the major part of PD-L1 inhibitors, exhibits satisfactory water solubility properties. These findings highlight the potential of benzimidazole-based compounds as novel promising candidates for PD-L1 inhibition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Donati
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Monica Viviano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, Fisciano, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Jussara Amato
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Stefano Tomassi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Diego Brancaccio
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | | | | | - Daniela Arosio
- Istituto di Scienze e Tecnologie Chimiche "Giulio Natta" (SCITEC), Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Milan, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Bogdan Musielak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Lukasz Skalniak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | - Tad A Holak
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Valeria La Pietra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
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Chirra N, Abburi NP, Rekha EM, Pedapati RK, Bollikanda RK, Murahari M, Sriram D, Sridhar B, Kantevari S. N-Substituted piperazine-coupled imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles as inhibitors of Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Synthesis, evaluation, and docking studies. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22153. [PMID: 38349258 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
An innovative series of N-substituted piperazine-linked imidazothiazole derivatives 7(a-x) were synthesized, and their antitubercular effectiveness was evaluated. A three-step reaction sequence involving the condensation of 1,3-dichloroacetone and thiourea, coupling with substituted piperazines to give the intermediates 5(a-d) and cyclization with substituted α-bromoacetophenones produced the desired imidazothiazole derivatives 7(a-x) in excellent yields. In vitro screening of new derivatives against Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv resulted in 7k (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC]: 0.78 μg/mL) and 7g and 7h (MIC: 1.56 μg/mL) as potent hit compounds. Further, the docking studies of the promising compounds 7k, 7g, and 7h revealed that the best molecular interactions are with the DprE1 in complex with sulfonyl PBTZ of M. tuberculosis as the target protein (PDB ID: 6G83).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagaraju Chirra
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Naga Pranathi Abburi
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Estharla Madhu Rekha
- Medicinal Chemistry and Antimycobacterial Research Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Ravi Kumar Pedapati
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar Bollikanda
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Manikanta Murahari
- Medicinal Chemistry Research Division, K L College of Pharmacy, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Vaddeswaram, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Dharmarajan Sriram
- Medicinal Chemistry and Antimycobacterial Research Laboratory, Pharmacy Group, Birla Institute of Technology and Science-Pilani, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Balasubramanian Sridhar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Centre for X-ray Crystallography, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Srinivas Kantevari
- Fluoro & Agrochemicals Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
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3
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Wu X, Wang L, Li Z. Identification of 3-Phenylquinoline Derivative PQ1 as an Antagonist of p53 Transcriptional Activity. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:43180-43189. [PMID: 36467924 PMCID: PMC9713874 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Transcription factor p53 regulates cellular responses to environmental perturbations via the transcriptional activation of downstream target genes. Inappropriate p53 activation can trigger abnormal cellular responses, therefore leading to acute or chronic tissue damage, human developmental syndromes, and neurodegenerative diseases. Antagonists of p53 transcriptional activity provide prospective therapeutic applications and molecular probes. In this article, we identified five 3-phenylquinoline derivatives as potential p53 inhibitors through screening a chemical library consisting of 120 compounds, in which PQ1 was the most active compound. PQ1 had no effect on p53 protein levels and decreased the expression of p53 target gene p21. PQ1 thermally stabilizes the wild-type p53 protein. Further, transcriptomics confirmed that PQ1 exposure generated a similar regulatory effect to transcription profiles with a reported p53 transcriptional inhibitor pifithrin-α. However, compared to pifithrin-α, PQ1 increased the sensitivity of SW480 cells to 5FU. Taken together, PQ1 was a novel antagonist of p53 transcriptional activity. We propose that PQ1 could be developed as a chemical tool to pinpoint the physiological functions of p53 and a novel lead compound for targeting dysfunctional p53 activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingkang Wu
- Modern
Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, P. R. China
- Key
Laboratory of Effective Substances Research and Utilization in TCM
of Shanxi Province, No.
92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, P.
R. China
- Shanxi
Key Laboratory of Redevelopment of Famous Local Traditional Chinese
Medicines, No. 92, Wucheng
Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Lu Wang
- Modern
Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Shanxi University, No. 92, Wucheng Road, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Li
- Department
of Pharmacy, Shandong Provincial Hospital
Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan 250021, Shandong, P. R. China
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4
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Development of p-Tau Differentiated Cell Model of Alzheimer's Disease to Screen Novel Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314794. [PMID: 36499118 PMCID: PMC9741399 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is characterized by an initial accumulation of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, along with the depletion of cholinergic markers. The currently available therapies for AD do not present any disease-modifying effects, with the available in vitro platforms to study either AD drug candidates or basic biology not fully recapitulating the main features of the disease or being extremely costly, such as iPSC-derived neurons. In the present work, we developed and validated a novel cell-based AD model featuring Tau hyperphosphorylation and degenerative neuronal morphology. Using the model, we evaluated the efficacy of three different groups of newly synthesized acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, along with a new dual acetylcholinesterase/glycogen synthase kinase 3 inhibitor, as potential AD treatment on differentiated SH-SY5Y cells treated with glyceraldehyde to induce Tau hyperphosphorylation, and subsequently neurite degeneration and cell death. Testing of such compounds on the newly developed model revealed an overall improvement of the induced defects by inhibition of AChE alone, showing a reduction of S396 aberrant phosphorylation along with a moderate amelioration of the neuron-like morphology. Finally, simultaneous AChE/GSK3 inhibition further enhanced the limited effects observed by AChE inhibition alone, resulting in an improvement of all the key parameters, such as cell viability, morphology, and Tau abnormal phosphorylation.
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Liu M, Yan K, Wen J, Zhang N, Chen X, Li X, Wang X. PIFA Induced Regioselective C–H Chalcogenylation of Benzo[d]imidazo[5,1‐b]thiazoles under Mild Conditions. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Qufu Normal University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu CHINA
| | - Kelu Yan
- Qufu Normal University School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jingxuan Road 57 273165 Qufu CHINA
| | - Jiangwei Wen
- Qufu Normal University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu CHINA
| | - Ning Zhang
- Qufu Normal University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu CHINA
| | - Xinyu Chen
- Qufu Normal University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu CHINA
| | - Xue Li
- Qufu Normal University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu CHINA
| | - Xiu Wang
- Qufu Normal University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu CHINA
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Luo X, Yin J, Miao S, Feng W, Ning T, Xu S, Huang S, Zhang S, Liao Y, Hao C, Wu B, Ma D. mTORC1 promotes mineralization via p53 pathway. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21325. [PMID: 33508145 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002016r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of our study were to investigate the roles of mTORC1 in odontoblast proliferation and mineralization and to determine the mechanism by which mTORC1 regulates odontoblast mineralization. In vitro, MDPC23 cells were treated with rapamycin (10 nmol/L) and transfected with a lentivirus for short hairpin (shRNA)-mediated silencing of the tuberous sclerosis complex (shTSC1) to inhibit and activate mTORC1, respectively. CCK8 assays, flow cytometry, Alizarin red S staining, ALP staining, qRT-PCR, and western blot analysis were performed. TSC1-conditional knockout (DMP1-Cre+ ; TSC1f/f , hereafter CKO) mice and littermate control (DMP1-Cre- ; TSC1f/f , hereafter WT) mice were generated. H&E staining, immunofluorescence, and micro-CT analysis were performed. Transcriptome sequencing analysis was used to screen the mechanism of this process. mTORC1 inactivation decreased the cell proliferation. The qRT-PCR and western blot results showed that mineralization-related genes and proteins were downregulated in mTORC1-inactivated cells. Moreover, mTORC1 overactivation promoted cell proliferation and mineralization-related gene and protein expression. In vivo, the micro-CT results showed that DV/TV and dentin thickness were higher in CKO mice than in controls and H&E staining showed the same results. Mineralization-related proteins expression was upregulated. Transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that p53 pathway-associated genes were differentially expressed in TSC1-deficient cells. By inhibiting p53 alone or both mTORC1 and p53 with rapamycin and a p53 inhibitor, we elucidated that p53 acts downstream of mTORC1 and that mTORC1 thereby promotes odontoblast mineralization. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that the role of mTORC1 in odontoblast proliferation and mineralization, and confirm that mTORC1 upregulates odontoblast mineralization via the p53 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinghong Luo
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingyao Yin
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shenghong Miao
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weiqing Feng
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tingting Ning
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuaimei Xu
- College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shijiang Huang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunjun Liao
- Department of Plastic and Cosmetic Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chunbo Hao
- Department of Stomatology, Hainan General Hospital, Hainan Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dandan Ma
- Department of Endodontics, Stomatology Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Advanced Oral Sciences & Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, MD, USA
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7
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Liu L, Huang S, Xu M, Gong Y, Li D, Wan C, Wu H, Tang Q. Isoquercitrin protects HUVECs against high glucose‑induced apoptosis through regulating p53 proteasomal degradation. Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:122. [PMID: 33982778 PMCID: PMC8121554 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High glucose (HG)-induced endothelial apoptosis serves an important role in the vascular dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). It has been reported that isoquercitrin (IQC), a flavonoid glucoside, possesses an anti-DM effect, but the mechanism requires further investigation. The present study investigated the effect of IQC against HG-induced apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and explored its molecular mechanism. HUVECs were treated with 5 or 30 mM glucose for 48 h. Endothelial cell viability was monitored using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. Mitochondrial membrane potential was detected by JC-1 staining. Apoptosis was observed by TUNEL staining and flow cytometry. Western blotting was used for the analysis of apoptosis-associated proteins Bax, Bcl-2, cleaved (C)-caspase3, total-caspase3, p53 and phosphorylated p53. Reverse transcription-quantitative PCR was used to analyze the mRNA expression levels of Bax, Bcl-2 and p53. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized to detect the expression levels and distribution of p53 and ubiquitin specific peptidase 10 (USP10) in HUVECs. The results revealed that IQC significantly attenuated HG-induced endothelial apoptosis, as shown by decreased apoptotic cells observed by TUNEL, JC-1 staining and flow cytometry. Moreover, under HG stress, IQC treatment markedly inhibited the increased expression levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins p53, Bax and C-caspase3, and increased the expression levels of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 in HUVECs. However, the anti-apoptotic effect of IQC against HG was partially blunted by increasing p53 protein levels in vitro. IQC influenced the mRNA expression levels of Bax and Bcl-2 in response to HG, but it did not affect the transcription of p53. Notably, IQC inhibited the HG-induced phosphorylation of p53 at Ser15 and the nuclear transport of USP10, destabilizing p53 and increasing the proteasomal degradation of the p53 protein. The current findings revealed that IQC exerted a protective effect against the HG-induced apoptosis of endothelial cells by regulating the proteasomal degradation of the p53 protein, suggesting that IQC may be used as a novel therapeutic compound to ameliorate DM-induced vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Sihui Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Man Xu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Yan Gong
- Pharmacy Department, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Chunxia Wan
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Haiming Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
| | - Qizhu Tang
- Department of Cardiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P.R. China
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8
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Internalization of α-synuclein oligomers into SH-SY5Y cells. Biophys J 2021; 120:877-885. [PMID: 33515601 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.12.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 12/09/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregates of misfolded α-synuclein are a distinctive feature of Parkinson's disease. Small oligomers of α-synuclein are thought to be an important neurotoxic agent, and α-synuclein aggregates exhibit prion-like behavior, propagating misfolding between cells. α-Synuclein is internalized by both passive diffusion and active uptake mechanisms, but how uptake varies with the size of the oligomer is less clear. We explored how α-synuclein internalization into live SH-SY5Y cells varied with oligomer size by comparing the uptake of fluorescently labeled monomers to that of engineered tandem dimers and tetramers. We found that these α-synuclein constructs were internalized primarily through endocytosis. Oligomer size had little effect on their internalization pathway, whether they were added individually or together. Measurements of co-localization of the α-synuclein constructs with fluorescent markers for early endosomes and lysosomes showed that most of the α-synuclein entered endocytic compartments, in which they were probably degraded. Treatment of the cells with the Pitstop inhibitor suggested that most of the oligomers were internalized by the clathrin-mediated pathway.
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9
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Saliyeva LN, Diachenko IV, Vas’kevich RI, Slyvka NY, Vovk MV. Imidazothiazoles and their Hydrogenated Analogs: Methods of Synthesis and Biomedical Potential. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-020-02827-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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10
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Afsina Abdulla CM, Neetha M, Aneeja T, Anilkumar G. Synthesis and Applications of Imidazothiazoles: An Overview. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. M. Afsina Abdulla
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India 686560
| | - Mohan Neetha
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India 686560
| | - Thaipparambil Aneeja
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India 686560
| | - Gopinathan Anilkumar
- School of Chemical Sciences Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India 686560
- Institute for Integrated Programmes and Research in Basic Sciences (IIRBS) Mahatma Gandhi University Priyadarsini Hills, Kottayam Kerala India 686560
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11
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Nafie MS, Arafa K, Sedky NK, Alakhdar AA, Arafa RK. Triaryl dicationic DNA minor-groove binders with antioxidant activity display cytotoxicity and induce apoptosis in breast cancer. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 324:109087. [PMID: 32294457 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in cancer treatment modalities, DNA still stands as one of the targets for anticancer agents. DNA minor groove binders (MGBs) represent an important investigational chemotherapeutic class with promising cytotoxic capacity. Herein this study reports the potent cytotoxic effect of a series of repurposed flexible bis-imidamides 1-4, triaryl bis-guanidine 5 and bis-N-substituted guanidines 6,7 having a 1,4-diphenoxybenzene scaffold backbone on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines. Of these compounds, imidamide 4 was chosen for further in-vitro, in-vivo and molecular dynamics (MD) studies owing to its promising anti-tumor activity, with IC50 values on MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cell lines of 1.9 and 2.08 μM, respectively. Annexin V/propidium iodide apoptosis assay revealed apoptosis induction on imidamide 4 treated MCF-7 cells. RT-PCR assay results demonstrated the proapoptotic effect of compound 4 through increase of mRNA levels of the pro-apoptotic genes; p53, PUMA, and Bax, and inhibiting the anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 gene expression in MCF-7 cells. Moreover, compound 4 induced a G0/G1 cell-cycle arrest in MCF-7 in a dose-dependent manner. Corroborating in-vivo experiments on Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC)-bearing mice, reflected the anticancer strength of derivative 4. For further target validation, molecular dynamics (MD) studies demonstrated an energetically favorable binding of imidamide 4 with the DNA minor groove AT rich site. In effect, imidamide 4 can be viewed as a promising hit dicationic compound with good cytotoxic and apoptotic inducing activity against breast cancer that can be adopted for future optimization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science Suez Canal University, Ismailia, 41522, Egypt
| | - Kholoud Arafa
- Center for Materials Science, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12578, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nada K Sedky
- Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12578, Cairo, Egypt; Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sinai University, East Kantara Branch, New City, El Ismailia, 41611, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira A Alakhdar
- Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12578, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Reem K Arafa
- Drug Design and Discovery Laboratory, Helmy Institute for Medical Sciences, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12578, Cairo, Egypt; Biomedical Sciences Program, University of Science and Technology, Zewail City of Science and Technology, 12578, Cairo, Egypt.
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12
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Wang H, Fu L, Wei D, Wang B, Zhang C, Zhu T, Ma Z, Li Z, Wu Y, Yu G. MiR-29c-3p Suppresses the Migration, Invasion and Cell Cycle in Esophageal Carcinoma via CCNA2/p53 Axis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:75. [PMID: 32154226 PMCID: PMC7044414 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective In the present study, we tried to describe the role of miR-29c-3p in esophageal carcinoma (EC) and the relationship of miR-29c-3p with CCNA2 as well as cell cycle, accordingly revealing the potential molecular mechanism across cell proliferation, migration and invasion. Methods Expression profiles of EC miRNAs and matched clinical data were accessed from TCGA database for differential and survival analyses. Bioinformatics databases were employed to predict the downstream targets of the potential miRNA, and enrichment analysis was performed on the miRNA and corresponding target gene using GSEA software. qRT-PCR was conducted to detect the expression levels of miR-29c-3p and CCNA2 mRNA in EC tissues and cells, and Western blot was performed for the examination of CCNA2, CDK1 and p53 protein levels. Subsequently, cells were harvested for MTT, Transwell as well as flow cytometry assays to examine cell viability, migration, invasion and cell cycle. Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP were carried out to further investigate and verify the targeted relationship between miR-29c-3p and CCNA2. Results MiR-29c-3p was shown to be significantly down-regulated in EC tissues and able to predict poor prognosis. CCNA2 was found to be a downstream target of miR-29c-3p and mainly enriched in cell cycle and p53 signaling pathway, whereas miR-29c-3p was remarkably activated in cell cycle. MiR-29c-3p overexpression inhibited cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as arrested cells in G0/G1 phase. As suggested by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay and RIP, CCNA2 was under the regulation of miR-29c-3p, and the negative correlation between the two genes was verified. Silencing CCNA2 could suppress cell proliferation, migration and invasion, as well as activate p53 pathway, even was seen to reverse the inhibitory effect of PFTβ on p53. Besides, in the presence of low miR-29c-3p, CCNA2 was up-regulated while p53 was simultaneously inhibited, resulting in the promotion of cell migration, invasion and cell cycle arrest. Conclusion MiR-29c-3p plays a regulatory role in EC tumorigenesis and development. MiR-29c-3p can target CCNA2 to mediate p53 signaling pathway, finally attributing to the inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and invasion, and making cells arrest in G0/G1 phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiyong Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Linhai Fu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Desheng Wei
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Ting Zhu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhifeng Ma
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Zhupeng Li
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Yuanlin Wu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
| | - Guangmao Yu
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Shaoxing People's Hospital (Shaoxing Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine), Shaoxing, China
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13
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Jin J, Xu H, Li W, Xu X, Liu H, Wei F. LINC00346 Acts as a Competing Endogenous RNA Regulating Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma via Modulating CDK1/CCNB1 Axis. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:54. [PMID: 32133348 PMCID: PMC7039823 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the important types of liver cancer. LncRNA is an important regulatory factor that regulates many biological processes such as tumor cells during tumorigenesis and metastasis. LINC00346 has been associated with various types of liver cancer, but its role and regulatory mechanism in HCC remain unclear. In our study, we found the LINC00356-miR-199a-3p-CDK1/CCNB1 axis through bioinformatics analysis. The expressions of LINC00356, miR-199a-3p, CDK1, and CCNB1 in HCC and normal hepatocytes were determined by qRT-PCR and WB. The results showed that LINC00356, CDK1 and CCNB1 were highly expressed in HCC, while miR-199a-3p was lowly expressed. Dual luciferase reporter gene assay, RIP and RNA-pull down assays demonstrated the targeted binding relationship of LINC00346-miR-199a-3p-CDK1/CCNB1. Overexpressing LINC00460 and silencing miR-199a-3p promoted cell invasion, inhibited apoptosis of HCC, and arrested the cell cycle in S phase while opposite results were obtained when silencing LINC00346, CDK1, and CCNB1. LINC00346 indirectly affects liver cancer by promoting the expression of CDK1/CCNB1 through competitive adsorption of miR-199a-3p. In addition, the study also demonstrated that overexpression of LINC00346 indirectly inhibited the expression of p53 and p21 proteins by promoting CDK1/CCNB1 expressions, thereby blocking the p53 signaling pathway. These results proved that LINC00346 could regulate the expression of CDK1/CCNB1 through the competitive adsorption of miR-199a-3p, thereby affecting the p53 signaling pathway and finally regulating the apoptosis, invasion and cell cycle of HCC cells. In conclusion, LINC00346 can be used as a tumor promoter and potential therapeutic target for HCC metastasis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinglan Jin
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongqin Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wanyu Li
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xiaotong Xu
- Department of Hepatology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Feng Wei
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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Khodair AI, Alsafi MA, Nafie MS. Synthesis, molecular modeling and anti-cancer evaluation of a series of quinazoline derivatives. Carbohydr Res 2019; 486:107832. [PMID: 31622868 DOI: 10.1016/j.carres.2019.107832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Revised: 10/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quinazolines were surveyed as biologically relevant moieties against different cancer cell lines, so in the present study, we analyzed novel derivatives as target-oriented chemotherapeutic anti-cancer drugs. A series of 3-substituted 2-thioxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-quinazolin-4-ones 4a-e were synthesized via the reaction of 2-aminobenzoic acid (1) with isothiocyanate derivatives 2a-e. S-alkylation and S-glycosylation were carried via the reaction of 4a-e with alkyl halides and α-glycopyranosyl bromides 7a,b under anhydrous alkaline and glycoside conditions, respectively. The S-alkylated and S-glycosylated structures, and not that of the N-alkylated and N-glycosylated isomers, have been selected for the products. Conformational analysis has been studied by homo- and heteronuclear two-dimensional NMR methods (DQF-COSY, HMQC, and HMBC). The S site of alkylation and glycosylation were determined from the 1H, 13C heteronuclear multiple-quantum coherence (HMQC) experiments. All derivatives were subjected to molecular docking calculations, which selected some derivatives (5n, 8c, 8g, 9c, and 9a) as promising ones based on their excellent binding affinities towards the EGFR tyrosine kinase molecular target. The in vitro cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 and HepG2 cell lines showed effective anti-proliferative activity of the analyzed derivatives with lower IC50 values especially 9a with IC50 = 2.09 and 2.08 μM against MCF-7 and HepG2, respectively, and their treatments were safe against the normal cell line Gingival mesenchymal stem cells (GMSC). Moreover, RT-PCR reaction investigated the apoptotic pathway for the compound 9a, which activated the P53 genes and its related genes. So, further work is recommended for developing it as a chemotherapeutic drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed I Khodair
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Kafrelsheikh University, 33516, Kafrelsheikh, Egypt.
| | - Mona A Alsafi
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, Taibah University, 1343, Al-Madinah Al-Monawarah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed S Nafie
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, 41522, Ismailia, Egypt
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15
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Daniele S, Giacomelli C, Pietrobono D, Barresi E, Piccarducci R, La Pietra V, Taliani S, Da Settimo F, Marinelli L, Novellino E, Martini C, Trincavelli ML. Long lasting inhibition of Mdm2-p53 interaction potentiates mesenchymal stem cell differentiation into osteoblasts. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:737-749. [PMID: 30703414 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.01.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2018] [Revised: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The osteoblast generation from Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is tightly coordinated by transcriptional networks and signalling pathways that control gene expression and protein stability of osteogenic "master transcription factors". Among these pathways, a great attention has been focused on p53 and its physiological negative regulator, the E3 ligase Murine double minute 2 (Mdm2). Nevertheless, the signalling that regulates Mdm2-p53 axis in osteoblasts remain to be elucidated, also considering that Mdm2 possesses numerous p53-independent activities and interacts with additional proteins. Herein, the effects of Mdm2 modulation on MSC differentiation were examined by the use of short- and long-lasting inhibitors of the Mdm2-p53 complex. The long-lasting Mdm2-p53 dissociation was demonstrated to enhance the MSC differentiation into osteoblasts. The increase of Mdm2 levels promoted its association to G protein-coupled receptors kinase (GRK) 2, one of the most relevant kinases involved in the desensitization of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs). In turn, the long-lasting Mdm2-p53 dissociation decreased GRK2 levels and favoured the functionality of A2B Adenosine Receptors (A2BARs), a GPCR dictating MSC fate. EB148 facilitated cAMP accumulation, and mediated a sustained activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB). Such pro-osteogenic effects were not detectable by using the reversible Mdm2-p53 complex inhibitor, suggesting the time course of Mdm2-p53 dissociation may impact on intracellular proteins involved in cell differentiation fate. These results suggest that the long-lasting Mdm2 binding plays a key role in the mobilization of intracellular proteins that regulate the final biological outcome of MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | - Valeria La Pietra
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Sabrina Taliani
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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16
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Giacomelli C, Daniele S, Romei C, Tavanti L, Neri T, Piano I, Celi A, Martini C, Trincavelli ML. The A 2B Adenosine Receptor Modulates the Epithelial- Mesenchymal Transition through the Balance of cAMP/PKA and MAPK/ERK Pathway Activation in Human Epithelial Lung Cells. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:54. [PMID: 29445342 PMCID: PMC5797802 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a complex process in which cell phenotype switches from the epithelial to mesenchymal one. The deregulations of this process have been related with the occurrence of different diseases such as lung cancer and fibrosis. In the last decade, several efforts have been devoted in understanding the mechanisms that trigger and sustain this transition process. Adenosine is a purinergic signaling molecule that has been involved in the onset and progression of chronic lung diseases and cancer through the A2B adenosine receptor subtype activation, too. However, the relationship between A2BAR and EMT has not been investigated, yet. Herein, the A2BAR characterization was carried out in human epithelial lung cells. Moreover, the effects of receptor activation on EMT were investigated in the absence and presence of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β1), which has been known to promote the transition. The A2BAR activation alone decreased and increased the expression of epithelial markers (E-cadherin) and the mesenchymal one (Vimentin, N-cadherin), respectively, nevertheless a complete EMT was not observed. Surprisingly, the receptor activation counteracted the EMT induced by TGF-β1. Several intracellular pathways regulate the EMT: high levels of cAMP and ERK1/2 phosphorylation has been demonstrated to counteract and promote the transition, respectively. The A2BAR stimulation was able to modulated these two pathways, cAMP/PKA and MAPK/ERK, shifting the fine balance toward activation or inhibition of EMT. In fact, using a selective PKA inhibitor, which blocks the cAMP pathway, the A2BAR-mediated EMT promotion were exacerbated, and conversely the selective inhibition of MAPK/ERK counteracted the receptor-induced transition. These results highlighted the A2BAR as one of the receptors involved in the modulation of EMT process. Nevertheless, its activation is not enough to trigger a complete transition, its ability to affect different intracellular pathways could represent a mechanism at the basis of EMT maintenance/inhibition based on the extracellular microenvironment. Despite further investigations are needed, herein for the first time the A2BAR has been related to the EMT process, and therefore to the different EMT-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chiara Romei
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Radiology Unit, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Laura Tavanti
- Pneumology Unit, Cardio-Thoracic Department, University Hospital of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Tommaso Neri
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Piano
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Celi
- Department of Surgical, Medical and Molecular Pathology and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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17
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Carnosol controls the human glioblastoma stemness features through the epithelial-mesenchymal transition modulation and the induction of cancer stem cell apoptosis. Sci Rep 2017; 7:15174. [PMID: 29123181 PMCID: PMC5680298 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-15360-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 10/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A high cell proliferation rate, invasiveness and resistance to chemotherapy are the main features of glioblastoma (GBM). GBM aggressiveness has been widely associated both with a minor population of cells presenting stem-like properties (cancer stem-like cells, CSCs) and with the ability of tumor cells to acquire a mesenchymal phenotype (epithelial-mesenchymal transition, EMT). Carnosol (CAR), a natural inhibitor of MDM2/p53 complex, has been attracted attention for its anti-cancer effects on several tumor types, including GBM. Herein, the effects of CAR on U87MG-derived CSC viability and stemness features were evaluated. CAR decreased the rate of CSC formation and promoted the CSC apoptotic cell death through p53 functional reactivation. Moreover, CAR was able to control the TNF-α/TGF-β-induced EMT, counteracting the effects of the cytokine on EMT master regulator genes (Slug, Snail, Twist and ZEB1) and modulating the activation of miR-200c, a key player in the EMT process. Finally, CAR was able to increase the temozolomide (TMZ) anti-proliferative effects. These findings demonstrate that CAR affected the different intracellular mechanism of the complex machinery that regulates GBM stemness. For the first time, the diterpene was highlighted as a promising lead for the development of agents able to decrease the stemness features, thus controlling GBM aggressiveness.
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18
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Rassokhina IV, Tikhonova TA, Kobylskoy SG, Babkin IY, Shirinian VZ, Gevorgyan V, Zavarzin IV, Volkova YA. Synthesis of Imidazo[2,1-b]thiazoles via Copper-Catalyzed A3-Coupling in Batch and Continuous Flow. J Org Chem 2017; 82:9682-9692. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b01762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sergey G. Kobylskoy
- Laboratory of High Technologies, Ltd, 86 prosp. Vernadskogo, 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | - Igor Yu. Babkin
- Laboratory of High Technologies, Ltd, 86 prosp. Vernadskogo, 119571 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Vladimir Gevorgyan
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, 845 West Taylor
Street, Room 4500, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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19
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Giacomelli C, Daniele S, Martini C. Potential biomarkers and novel pharmacological targets in protein aggregation-related neurodegenerative diseases. Biochem Pharmacol 2017; 131:1-15. [PMID: 28159621 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2017.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The aggregation of specific proteins plays a pivotal role in the etiopathogenesis of several neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). β-Amyloid (Aβ) peptide-containing plaques and intraneuronal neurofibrillary tangles composed of hyperphosphorylated protein tau are the two main neuropathological lesions in Alzheimer's disease. Meanwhile, Parkinson's disease is defined by the presence of intraneuronal inclusions (Lewy bodies), in which α-synuclein (α-syn) has been identified as a major protein component. The current literature provides considerable insights into the mechanisms underlying oligomeric-related neurodegeneration, as well as the relationship between protein aggregation and ND, thus facilitating the development of novel putative biomarkers and/or pharmacological targets. Recently, α-syn, tau and Aβ have been shown to interact each other or with other "pathological proteins" to form toxic heteroaggregates. These latest findings are overcoming the concept that each neurodegenerative disease is related to the misfolding of a single specific protein. In this review, potential opportunities and pharmacological approaches targeting α-syn, tau and Aβ and their oligomeric forms are highlighted with examples from recent studies. Protein aggregation as a biomarker of NDs, in both the brain and peripheral fluids, is deeply explored. Finally, the relationship between biomarker establishment and assessment and their use as diagnostics or therapeutic targets are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Giacomelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Claudia Martini
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
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20
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Fielder E, von Zglinicki T, Jurk D. The DNA Damage Response in Neurons: Die by Apoptosis or Survive in a Senescence-Like State? J Alzheimers Dis 2017; 60:S107-S131. [PMID: 28436392 DOI: 10.3233/jad-161221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Neurons are exposed to high levels of DNA damage from both physiological and pathological sources. Neurons are post-mitotic and their loss cannot be easily recovered from; to cope with DNA damage a complex pathway called the DNA damage response (DDR) has evolved. This recognizes the damage, and through kinases such as ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) recruits and activates downstream factors that mediate either apoptosis or survival. This choice between these opposing outcomes integrates many inputs primarily through a number of key cross-road proteins, including ATM, p53, and p21. Evidence of re-entry into the cell-cycle by neurons can be seen in aging and diseases such as Alzheimer's disease. This aberrant cell-cycle re-entry is lethal and can lead to the apoptotic death of the neuron. Many downstream factors of the DDR promote cell-cycle arrest in response to damage and appear to protect neurons from apoptotic death. However, neurons surviving with a persistently activated DDR show all the features known from cell senescence; including metabolic dysregulation, mitochondrial dysfunction, and the hyper-production of pro-oxidant, pro-inflammatory and matrix-remodeling factors. These cells, termed senescence-like neurons, can negatively influence the extracellular environment and may promote induction of the same phenotype in surrounding cells, as well as driving aging and age-related diseases. Recently developed interventions targeting the DDR and/or the senescent phenotype in a range of non-neuronal tissues are being reviewed as they might become of therapeutic interest in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward Fielder
- The Ageing Biology Centre and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Thomas von Zglinicki
- The Ageing Biology Centre and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
| | - Diana Jurk
- The Ageing Biology Centre and Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, UK
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21
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Daniele S, Barresi E, Zappelli E, Marinelli L, Novellino E, Da Settimo F, Taliani S, Trincavelli ML, Martini C. Long lasting MDM2/Translocator protein modulator: a new strategy for irreversible apoptosis of human glioblastoma cells. Oncotarget 2016; 7:7866-84. [PMID: 26761214 PMCID: PMC4884960 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of multi-target drugs and irreversible modulators of deregulated signalling proteins is the major challenge for improving glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) treatment. Reversible single-target drugs are not sufficient to sustain a therapeutic effect over time and may favour the activation of alternative signalling pathways and the onset of resistance phenomena. Thus, a multi-target compound that has a long-lasting mechanism of action might have a greater and longer life span of anti-proliferative activity. Recently, a dual-target indol-3ylglyoxyldipeptide derivative, designed to bind to the Translocator Protein (TSPO) and reactivate p53 function via dissociation from its physiological inhibitor, murine double minute 2 (MDM2), has been developed as a potent GBM pro-apoptotic agent. In this study, this derivative was chemically modified to irreversibly bind MDM2 and TSPO. The new compound elicited a TSPO-mediated mitochondrial membrane dissipation and restored p53 activity, triggering a long-lasting apoptosis of GBM cells. These effects were sustained over time, involved a stable activation of extracellular signal regulated kinases and were specifically observed in cancer cells, in which these protein kinases are deregulated. Dual-targeting and irreversible binding properties combined in the same molecule may represent a useful strategy to overcome the time-limited effects elicited by classical chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Daniele
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.,Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Luciana Marinelli
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
| | - Ettore Novellino
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Naples Federico II, Napoli, Italy
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22
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Daniele S, Da Pozzo E, Iofrida C, Martini C. Human Neural Stem Cell Aging Is Counteracted by α-Glycerylphosphorylethanolamine. ACS Chem Neurosci 2016; 7:952-63. [PMID: 27168476 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Neural stem cells (NSCs) represent a subpopulation of cells, located in specific regions of the adult mammalian brain, with the ability of self-renewing and generating neurons and glia. In aged NSCs, modifications in the amount and composition of membrane proteins/lipids, which lead to a reduction in membrane fluidity and cholinergic activities, have been reported. In this respect, molecules that are effective at normalizing the membrane composition and cholinergic signaling could counteract stem cell aging. α-Glycerylphosphorylethanolamine (GPE), a nootropic drug, plays a role in phospholipid biosynthesis and acetylcholine release. Herein, GPE was assayed on human NSC cultures and on hydroxyurea-aged cells. Using cell counting, colorimetric, and fluorimetric analyses, immunoenzymatic assays, and real time PCR experiments, NSC culture proliferation, senescence, reactive oxygen species, and ADP/ATP levels were assessed. Aged NSCs exhibited cellular senescence, decreased proliferation, and an impairment in mitochondrial metabolism. These changes included a substantial induction in the nuclear factor NF-κB, a key inflammatory mediator. GPE cell treatment significantly protected the redox state and functional integrity of mitochondria, and counteracted senescence and NF-κB activation. In conclusion, our data show the beneficial properties of GPE in this model of stem cell aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Daniele
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
- Department
of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Milan, 20122 Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Claudia Martini
- Department
of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Pisa 56126, Italy
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23
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Giacomelli C, Natali L, Trincavelli ML, Daniele S, Bertoli A, Flamini G, Braca A, Martini C. New insights into the anticancer activity of carnosol: p53 reactivation in the U87MG human glioblastoma cell line. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2016; 74:95-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2016.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2015] [Revised: 02/18/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Wojsiat J, Prandelli C, Laskowska-Kaszub K, Martín-Requero A, Wojda U. Oxidative Stress and Aberrant Cell Cycle in Alzheimer’s Disease Lymphocytes: Diagnostic Prospects. J Alzheimers Dis 2015; 46:329-50. [DOI: 10.3233/jad-141977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Wojsiat
- Laboratory of Preclinical Studies of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Chiara Prandelli
- Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Katarzyna Laskowska-Kaszub
- Laboratory of Preclinical Studies of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Angeles Martín-Requero
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Raras (CIBERER), Valencia, Spain
| | - Urszula Wojda
- Laboratory of Preclinical Studies of Higher Standard, Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, Warsaw, Poland
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