1
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Liu J, Wang X, Li X, Ni C, Liu L, Bányai I, Shi X, Song C. Structural and Property Characterizations of Dual-Responsive Core-Shell Tecto Dendrimers for Tumor Penetration and Gene Delivery Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400251. [PMID: 38813898 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Core-shell tecto dendrimers (CSTDs) with excellent physicochemical properties and good tumor penetration and gene transfection efficiency have been demonstrated to have the potential to replace high-generation dendrimers in biomedical applications. However, their characterization and related biological properties of CSTDs for enhanced tumor penetration and gene delivery still lack in-depth investigation. Herein, three types of dual-responsive CSTDs are designed for thorough physicochemical characterization and investigation of their tumor penetration and gene delivery efficiency. Three types of CSTDs are prepared through phenylborate ester bonds of phenylboronic acid (PBA)-decorated generation 5 (G5) poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimers as cores and monose (galactose, glucose, or mannose)-conjugated G3 PAMAM dendrimers as shells and thoroughly characterized via NMR and other techniques. It is shown that the produced CSTDs display strong correlation signals between the PBA and monose protons, similar hydrodynamic diameters, and dual reactive oxygen species- and pH-responsivenesses. The dual-responsive CSTDs are proven to have structure-dependent tumor penetration property and gene delivery efficiency in terms of small interference RNA for gene silencing and plasmid DNA for gene editing, thus revealing a great potential for different biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Liu
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Xiaolei Li
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Lei Liu
- Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - István Bányai
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Xiangyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Nano-Biomaterials and Regenerative Medicine, College of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Cong Song
- Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P. R. China
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2
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Rad ME, Soylukan C, Kulabhusan PK, Günaydın BN, Yüce M. Material and Design Toolkit for Drug Delivery: State of the Art, Trends, and Challenges. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:55201-55231. [PMID: 37994836 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c10065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
The nanomaterial and related toolkit have promising applications for improving human health and well-being. Nanobased drug delivery systems use nanoscale materials as carriers to deliver therapeutic agents in a targeted and controlled manner, and they have shown potential to address issues associated with conventional drug delivery systems. They offer benefits for treating various illnesses by encapsulating or conjugating biological agents, chemotherapeutic drugs, and immunotherapeutic agents. The potential applications of this technology are vast; however, significant challenges exist to overcome such as safety issues, toxicity, efficacy, and insufficient capacity. This article discusses the latest developments in drug delivery systems, including drug release mechanisms, material toolkits, related design molecules, and parameters. The concluding section examines the limitations and provides insights into future possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monireh Esmaeili Rad
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Caner Soylukan
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | | | - Beyza Nur Günaydın
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
| | - Meral Yüce
- SUNUM Nanotechnology Research and Application Centre, Sabanci University, Istanbul 34956, Turkey
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3
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Chen L, Zhao N, McClements DJ, Hamaker BR, Miao M. Advanced dendritic glucan-derived biomaterials: From molecular structure to versatile applications. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:4107-4146. [PMID: 37350042 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
There is considerable interest in the development of advanced biomaterials with improved or novel functionality for diversified applications. Dendritic glucans, such as phytoglycogen and glycogen, are abundant biomaterials with highly branched three-dimensional globular architectures, which endow them with unique structural and functional attributes, including small size, large specific surface area, high water solubility, low viscosity, high water retention, and the availability of numerous modifiable surface groups. Dendritic glucans can be synthesized by in vivo biocatalysis reactions using glucosyl-1-phosphate as a substrate, which can be obtained from plant, animal, or microbial sources. They can also be synthesized by in vitro methods using sucrose or starch as a substrate, which may be more suitable for large-scale industrial production. The large numbers of hydroxyl groups on the surfaces of dendritic glucan provide a platform for diverse derivatizations, including nonreducing end, hydroxyl functionalization, molecular degradation, and conjugation modifications. Due to their unique physicochemical and functional attributes, dendritic glucans have been widely applied in the food, pharmaceutical, biomedical, cosmetic, and chemical industries. For instance, they have been used as delivery systems, adsorbents, tissue engineering scaffolds, biosensors, and bioelectronic components. This article reviews progress in the design, synthesis, and application of dendritic glucans over the past several decades.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - Ningjing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
| | - David J McClements
- Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bruce R Hamaker
- Whistler Center for Carbohydrate Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA
| | - Ming Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China
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4
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Lee E, Choi S, Zhao Y, Yu J. Open Linear Polymer Host-Guest Interactions Sensed by Luminescent Silver Nanodots. ACS Sens 2023; 8:3240-3247. [PMID: 37480154 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.3c01042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
The selectivity of the linear polymer chain toward its binding moieties has been considered negligible; thus, a clear demonstration showing the best-fit binding of a linear polymer to its guest counterpart is still unknown. Luminescent poly(acrylic acid) (PAA)-stabilized silver nanodots (PAA-AgNDs) have been applied as a turn-on sensor to monitor the interaction between the PAA chain and its binding cations. The binding of cations ions to the PAA chain may cross-link the linear PAA chain via coordination with carboxylate, which increases the rigidity of the polymer chain, retards the nonradiative decay of PAA-AgNDs, and consequently enhances the emission of silver nanodots while inducing a blue-shift of its emission spectrum. For the first time, we have demonstrated that a linear polymer chain can act as an open host to selectively bind to its best-matching cations. Specifically, among Group 2 cations (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+), calcium ions show the strongest bonding to the PAA polymer chain. Our research suggests that, with extra rigidity, the polymer improves its chemical stability as calcium ions cross-linked the linear polymer. Meanwhile, it has also been demonstrated that luminescent silver nanodots can be excellent probes for the detection of polymer activities with straightforward and simple visualization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunhye Lee
- Department of Chemistry Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungmoon Choi
- Center for Educational Research, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Yanlu Zhao
- Department of Chemistry Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Junhua Yu
- Department of Chemistry Education, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Department of Science Education, Science Education Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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5
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Malec K, Monaco S, Delso I, Nestorowicz J, Kozakiewicz-Latała M, Karolewicz B, Khimyak YZ, Angulo J, Nartowski KP. Unravelling the mechanisms of drugs partitioning phenomena in micellar systems via NMR spectroscopy. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 638:135-148. [PMID: 36736115 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.01.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Despite extensive use of micelles in materials and colloidal science, their supramolecular organization as well as host-guest interactions within these dynamic assemblies are poorly understood. Small guest molecules in the presence of micelles undergo constant exchange between a micellar aggregate and the surrounding solution, posing a considerable challenge for their molecular level characterisation. In this work we reveal the interaction maps between small guest molecules and surfactants forming micelles via novel applications of NMR techniques supported with state-of-the-art analytical methods used in colloidal science. Model micelles composed of structurally distinct surfactants (block non-ionic polymer Pluronic® F-127, non-ionic surfactant Tween 20 or Tween 80, and ionic surfactant sodium lauryl sulphate, SLS) were selected and loaded with model small molecules of biological relevance (i.e. the drugs fluconazole, FLU or indomethacin, IMC) known to have different partition coefficients. Molecular level organization of FLU or IMC within hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains of micellar aggregates was established using the combination of NMR methods (1D 1H NMR, 1D 19F NMR, 2D 1H-1H NOESY and 2D 1H-19F HOESY, and the multifrequency-STD NMR) and corroborated with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This is the first application of multifrequency-STD NMR to colloidal systems, enabling us to elucidate intricately detailed patterns of drug/micelle interactions in a single NMR experiment within minutes. Importantly, our results indicate that flexible surfactants, such as block copolymers and polysorbates, form micellar aggregates with a surface composed of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains and do not follow the classical core-shell model of the micelle. We propose that the magnitude of changes in 1H chemical shifts corroborated with interaction maps obtained from DEEP-STD NMR and 2D NMR experiments can be used as an indicator of the strength of the guest-surfactant interactions. This NMR toolbox can be adopted for the analysis of broad range of colloidal host-guest systems from soft materials to biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Malec
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Serena Monaco
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Chancellors Drive, NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK
| | - Ignacio Delso
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Chancellors Drive, NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK
| | - Justyna Nestorowicz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Marta Kozakiewicz-Latała
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Karolewicz
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Yaroslav Z Khimyak
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Chancellors Drive, NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK.
| | - Jesús Angulo
- School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Chancellors Drive, NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK; Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas (CSIC-US), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain.
| | - Karol P Nartowski
- Department of Drug Form Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Wroclaw Medical University, 211a Borowska Str, 50-556 Wroclaw, Poland; School of Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, Chancellors Drive, NR4 7TJ Norwich, UK.
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6
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Szota M, Jachimska B. Effect of Alkaline Conditions on Forming an Effective G4.0 PAMAM Complex with Doxorubicin. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030875. [PMID: 36986735 PMCID: PMC10057121 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, special attention was paid to the correlation between the degree of ionization of the components and the effective formation of the complex under alkaline conditions. Using UV-Vis, 1H NMR, and CD, structural changes of the drug depending on the pH were monitored. In the pH range of 9.0 to 10.0, the G4.0 PAMAM dendrimer can bind 1 to 10 DOX molecules, while the efficiency increases with the concentration of the drug relative to the carrier. The binding efficiency was described by the parameters of loading content (LC = 4.80-39.20%) and encapsulation efficiency (EE = 17.21-40.16%), whose values increased twofold or even fourfold depending on the conditions. The highest efficiency was obtained for G4.0PAMAM-DOX at a molar ratio of 1:24. Nevertheless, regardless of the conditions, the DLS study indicates system aggregation. Changes in the zeta potential confirm the immobilization of an average of two drug molecules on the dendrimer's surface. Circular dichroism spectra analysis shows a stable dendrimer-drug complex for all the systems obtained. Since the doxorubicin molecule can simultaneously act as a therapeutic and an imaging agent, the theranostic properties of the PAMAM-DOX system have been demonstrated by the high fluorescence intensity observable on fluorescence microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Szota
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Jachimska
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
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7
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Akhtar N, Ashford MB, Beer L, Bowes A, Bristow T, Broo A, Buttar D, Coombes S, Cross R, Eriksson E, Guilbaud JB, Holman SW, Hughes LP, Jackman M, Lawrence MJ, Lee J, Li W, Linke R, Mahmoudi N, McCormick M, MacMillan B, Newling B, Ngeny M, Patterson C, Poulton A, Ray A, Sanderson N, Sonzini S, Tang Y, Treacher KE, Whittaker D, Wren S. The Global Characterisation of a Drug-Dendrimer Conjugate - PEGylated poly-lysine Dendrimer. J Pharm Sci 2023; 112:844-858. [PMID: 36372229 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The recent emergence of drug-dendrimer conjugates within pharmaceutical industry research and development introduces a range of challenges for analytical and measurement science. These molecules are very high molecular weight (100-200kDa) with a significant degree of structural complexity. The characteristics and quality attributes that require understanding and definition, and impact efficacy and safety, are diverse. They relate to the intact conjugate, the various building blocks of these complex systems and the level of the free and bound active pharmaceutical ingredient (API). From an analytical and measurement science perspective, this necessitates the measurement of the molecular weight, impurity characterisation, the quantitation of the number of conjugated versus free API molecules, the determination of the impurity profiles of the building blocks, primary structure and both particle size and morphology. Here we report the first example of a global characterisation of a drug-dendrimer conjugate - PEGylated poly-lysine dendrimer currently under development (AZD0466). The impact of the wide variety of analytical and measurement techniques on the overall understanding of this complex molecular entity is discussed, with the relative capabilities of the various approaches compared. The results of this study are an essential platform for the research and development of the future generations of related dendrimer-based medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadim Akhtar
- New Modalities and Parenteral Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | | | - Louisa Beer
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Alex Bowes
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Tony Bristow
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK.
| | - Anders Broo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - David Buttar
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Steve Coombes
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Rebecca Cross
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Emma Eriksson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Stephen W Holman
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Leslie P Hughes
- Oral Product Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Mark Jackman
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - M Jayne Lawrence
- Division of Pharmacy & Optometry, Stopford Building, University of Manchester, 99 Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PG, UK
| | - Jessica Lee
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Weimin Li
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Rebecca Linke
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Najet Mahmoudi
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Marc McCormick
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Bryce MacMillan
- UNB MRI Centre, Department of Physics, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Ben Newling
- UNB MRI Centre, Department of Physics, PO Box 4400, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada
| | - Maryann Ngeny
- Oncology Regulatory Science & Strategy, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Claire Patterson
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Andy Poulton
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Andrew Ray
- New Modalities and Parenteral Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Natalie Sanderson
- Chemical Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Silvia Sonzini
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Yayan Tang
- Regulatory Affairs, R&D, AstraZeneca, Shanghai, China
| | - Kevin E Treacher
- New Modalities and Parenteral Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
| | - Dave Whittaker
- Pharmaceutical Sciences, R&D, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield SK10 2NA, UK
| | - Stephen Wren
- New Modalities and Parenteral Development, Pharmaceutical Technology and Development, Operations, AstraZeneca, Macclesfield, UK
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8
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Kim HT, Yoo M, Yang E, Song K, Park EJ, Na DH. The importance of
pH
for the formation of stable and active quercetin–polyamidoamine dendrimer complex. B KOREAN CHEM SOC 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/bkcs.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Taek Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Chung‐Ang University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Miri Yoo
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Eun‐Ju Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Chung‐Ang University Seoul Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung‐Sik Song
- College of Pharmacy, Kyungpook National University Daegu Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Ji Park
- D&D Pharmatech Seongnam Gyeonggi‐do Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hee Na
- College of Pharmacy, Chung‐Ang University Seoul Republic of Korea
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9
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Investigation of the Binding Behavior of PAMAMs-NH2 Dendrimers with Ofloxacin via NMR Studies. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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p-Coumaric acid in poly(amidoamine) G4 dendrimer: Characterization and toxicity evaluation on zebrafish model. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.104039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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11
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Luo Y, Clabbers MTB, Qiao J, Yuan Z, Yang W, Zou X. Visualizing the Entire Range of Noncovalent Interactions in Nanocrystalline Hybrid Materials Using 3D Electron Diffraction. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:10817-10824. [PMID: 35678508 PMCID: PMC9490833 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c02426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Noncovalent interactions
are essential in the formation and properties
of a diverse range of hybrid materials. However, reliably identifying
the noncovalent interactions in nanocrystalline materials remains
challenging using conventional methods such as X-ray diffraction and
spectroscopy. Here, we demonstrate that accurate atomic positions
including hydrogen atoms can be determined using three-dimensional
electron diffraction (3D ED), from which the entire range of noncovalent
interactions in a nanocrystalline aluminophosphate hybrid material
SCM-34 are directly visualized. The protonation states of both the
inorganic and organic components in SCM-34 are determined from the
hydrogen positions. All noncovalent interactions, including hydrogen-bonding,
electrostatic, π–π stacking, and van der Waals
interactions, are unambiguously identified, which provides detailed
insights into the formation of the material. The 3D ED data also allow
us to distinguish different types of covalent bonds based on their
bond lengths and to identify an elongated terminal P=O π-bond
caused by noncovalent interactions. Our results show that 3D ED can
be a powerful tool for resolving detailed noncovalent interactions
in nanocrystalline materials. This can improve our understanding of
hybrid systems and guide the development of novel functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Luo
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Max T B Clabbers
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jian Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, 1658 Pudong Beilu, Shanghai 201208, China
| | - Zhiqing Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, 1658 Pudong Beilu, Shanghai 201208, China
| | - Weimin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Industrial Catalysis, Sinopec Shanghai Research Institute of Petrochemical Technology, 1658 Pudong Beilu, Shanghai 201208, China
| | - Xiaodong Zou
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Preparation and application of pH-responsive drug delivery systems. J Control Release 2022; 348:206-238. [PMID: 35660634 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Microenvironment-responsive drug delivery systems (DDSs) can achieve targeted drug delivery, reduce drug side effects and improve drug efficacies. Among them, pH-responsive DDSs have gained popularity since the pH in the diseased tissues such as cancer, bacterial infection and inflammation differs from a physiological pH of 7.4 and this difference could be harnessed for DDSs to release encapsulated drugs specifically to these diseased tissues. A variety of synthetic approaches have been developed to prepare pH-sensitive DDSs, including introduction of a variety of pH-sensitive chemical bonds or protonated/deprotonated chemical groups. A myriad of nano DDSs have been explored to be pH-responsive, including liposomes, micelles, hydrogels, dendritic macromolecules and organic-inorganic hybrid nanoparticles, and micron level microspheres. The prodrugs from drug-loaded pH-sensitive nano DDSs have been applied in research on anticancer therapy and diagnosis of cancer, inflammation, antibacterial infection, and neurological diseases. We have systematically summarized synthesis strategies of pH-stimulating DDSs, illustrated commonly used and recently developed nanocarriers for these DDSs and covered their potential in different biomedical applications, which may spark new ideas for the development and application of pH-sensitive nano DDSs.
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13
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Xu KF, Jia HR, Liu X, Zhu YX, She C, Li J, Duan QY, Zhang R, Wu FG. Fluorescent dendrimer-based probes for cell membrane imaging: Zebrafish epidermal labeling-based toxicity evaluation. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 213:114403. [PMID: 35696870 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Visualizing the plasma membrane of living mammalian cells both in vitro and in vivo is crucial for tracking their cellular activities. However, due to the complex and dynamic nature of the plasma membrane, most commercial dyes for membrane staining can only realize very limited imaging performance. Thus, precise and stable plasma membrane imaging remains technically challenging. Here, by taking advantage of the small, well-defined, and amine-rich dendrimers, we prepared poly(ethylene glycol)-cholesterol (PEG-Chol)-conjugated and cyanine dye (e.g., cyanine2, cyanine3, and cyanine5)-labeled dendrimer nanoprobes (termed DPC-Cy2, DPC-Cy3, and DPC-Cy5 NPs). It was revealed that these probes enabled universal, wash-free, long-term (at least 8 h), and multicolor (green, yellow, and red) plasma membrane labeling of a variety of live mammalian cells. Further, we confirmed that the nanoprobes (using DPC-Cy5 as a representative) could achieve high-quality, wash-free, and stable cell surface labeling of live zebrafish embryos. More importantly, we demonstrated that our probes could act as biosensors to visualize the toxicity of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) toward the epidermal cells of zebrafish embryos, and thus they hold great potential for identifying the toxic effect of drugs/materials at the single-cell scale or in live animals. The present work highlights the advantages of utilizing dendrimers for constructing functional imaging materials, and it is also believed that the fluorescent dendrimer nanoprobes developed in this work may find wide applications like cell imaging, drug toxicity evaluation, and cellular state monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Fei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Hao-Ran Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Xiaoyang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Ya-Xuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Cong She
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Junying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Qiu-Yi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Rufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, PR China
| | - Fu-Gen Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing, 210096, PR China.
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14
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Wang S, Zhang Q, Zhao P, Ma Z, Zhang J, Ma W, Wang X. Investigating the effect of three phenolic fractions on the volatility of floral, fruity, and aged aromas by HS-SPME-GC-MS and NMR in model wine. Food Chem X 2022; 13:100281. [PMID: 35498990 PMCID: PMC9040039 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2022.100281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the volatility of three typical wine aromas in model wine was investigated by HS-SPME-GC-MS, NMR, and sensory evaluation as influenced by different concentrations and structural properties of phenolics. Results showed that three phenolic fractions (phenolic acids, monomeric/oligomeric and polymeric procyanidins) exhibited different matrix effects on floral, fruity, and aged aromas perception. Physico-chemical and sensory analyses together indicated that all fractions reduced the perceived intensity of fruity and aged aroma attributes, and displayed stronger retention effects on fruity aromas at higher mDP and concentrations. Monomeric/oligomeric and polymeric procyanidins promoted highly hydrophobic floral aromas release, whereas inhibiting the volatility of low hydrophobic fruity aromas. NMR confirmed that the reduction in the volatility of rose oxide, ethyl butanoate and whiskey lactone was attributed to interactions with epicatechin. This study aims to provide new thoughts and theoretical support for wine aroma regulation during winemaking by reconstructing the phenolic composition in wine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi 710119, PR China
| | - Qianting Zhang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi 710119, PR China
| | - Pengtao Zhao
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi 710119, PR China.,Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western China Fruit Resources, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi 710119, PR China
| | - Zeqiang Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, PR China
| | - Junxiang Zhang
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Wen Ma
- School of Food and Wine, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, PR China
| | - Xiaoyu Wang
- College of Food Engineering and Nutritional Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi 710119, PR China.,Engineering Research Center of High Value Utilization of Western China Fruit Resources, Ministry of Education, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi 710119, PR China
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15
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Cruz L, Mateus N, de Freitas V. pH-regulated interaction modes between cyanidin-3-glucoside and phenylboronic acid-modified alginate. Carbohydr Polym 2022; 280:119029. [PMID: 35027131 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.119029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Stabilizing mechanisms through covalent and non-covalent interactions have been studied along the years for color stabilization of anthocyanin dyes. In this work, the chemical functionalization of a natural and biocompatible marine-based polysaccharide (alginic acid) with 3-aminophenylboronic acid via carbodiimide coupling chemistry was carried out in order to create a bifunctional material for pH-dependent selective interaction with colored cyanidin-3-glucoside chemical species. The interaction studies were performed by UV-Vis, 1H, and 11B NMR spectroscopy. Overall, the apparent acidic and hydration constants are more stabilized in the presence of phenylboronic acid-modified alginate. For more acidic pH values the red cationic flavylium cation of cyanidin-3-glucoside mainly interacts through non-covalent electrostatic interactions with the carboxylate groups of the biopolymer derivative with association constant around 0.5 mM-1 while at higher pH values boronate-catechol covalent bonds are favored, promoting the stabilization of the colored neutral and anionic quinoidal bases of anthocyanins instead of colorless hemiketal and chalcones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Cruz
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal.
| | - Nuno Mateus
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
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16
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Liu F, Yu R, Wei H, Wu J, He N, Liu X. Construction of a novel electrochemical sensing platform to investigate the effect of temperature on superoxide anions from cells and superoxide dismutase enzyme activity. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1198:339561. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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17
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Kłos JS, Paturej J. Binding mechanisms in dendrimer-surfactant complexes. Phys Rev E 2022; 105:034501. [PMID: 35428143 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.105.034501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Molecular dynamics simulations were employed to investigate the impact of interactions between dendritic polyeclectrolytes and amphiphilic surfactants on the supramolecular complex formation. We recognize two crucial parameters that govern association of surfactants within dendrimers: surfactant hydrophobicity, ε^{*}, and dendrimer generation, G. We find that depending on the values of ε^{*} and G encapsulation of surfactants by dendrimers is either noncooperative or cooperative. The noncooperative binding is characterized by absorption of surfactants as unimers, whereas in cooperative binding absorption of unimers is followed by aggregate formation through hydrophobic attractions between the surfactant tails. Our results provide guidelines for controlled encapsulation of guest molecules in dendrimer-based guest-host complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Kłos
- Faculty of Physics, A. Mickiewicz University, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 2, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - J Paturej
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
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18
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Sheveleva NN, Bezrodnyi VV, Mikhtaniuk SE, Shavykin OV, Neelov IM, Tarasenko II, Vovk MA, Mikhailova ME, Penkova AV, Markelov DA. Local Orientational Mobility of Collapsed Dendrimers. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda N. Sheveleva
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
- Department of Physics, LUT University, Box 20, Lappeenranta 53851, Finland
| | - Valeriy V. Bezrodnyi
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
- St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskiy pr. 49, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
| | - Sofia E. Mikhtaniuk
- St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskiy pr. 49, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
| | - Oleg V. Shavykin
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
- St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskiy pr. 49, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
- Tver State University, Zhelyabova st., 33, Tver 170100 Russia
| | - Igor M. Neelov
- St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskiy pr. 49, St. Petersburg 197101 Russia
| | - Irina I. Tarasenko
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy Prospect 31, V.O., St. Petersburg 199004 Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Vovk
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Mariya E. Mikhailova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Anastasia V. Penkova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Denis A. Markelov
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
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19
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Gao X, Ma M, Pedersen CM, Liu R, Zhang Z, Chang H, Qiao Y, Wang Y. Interactions between PAMAM-NH 2 and 6-Mercaptopurine: Qualitative and Quantitative NMR studies. Chem Asian J 2021; 16:3658-3663. [PMID: 34494362 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202100771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite being used as an anti-leukemic drug, the poor solubility of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) limits its use in topical and parenteral applications. Dendrimers are commonly used as drug carriers to improve their solubility in aqueous solution. In this work, the interactions between 6-MP and the amine-terminated poly(amidoamine) dendrimers (PAMAM-NH2 ) were investigated by various NMR technology. The chemical shift titrations disclosed that the 6-MP interacted with the surface of PAMAM-NH2 mainly through electrostatics. The determination of diffusion coefficient and relaxation measurements further confirmed the presence of interactions in 6-MP/PAMAM-NH2 complexes. In addition, the encapsulation of 6-MP within the cavity of PAMAM-NH2 was revealed through nuclear Overhauser effect spectroscopy and Saturation Transfer Double Difference analysis. Finally, the binding strength (H-8 is 100% and H-2 is 70%) of 6-MP to PAMAM-NH2 was quantitatively expressed using epitope maps. This study provides a systematic methodology for qualitative and quantitative studies of the interactions between dendrimers and drug molecules in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueke Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Minjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Christian Marcus Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rui Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhou Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, P. R. China
| | - Honghong Chang
- Shanxi Xuanran Pharmaceutical Technology Co., Ltd., Jinzhong, 030600, P. R. China
| | - Yan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan, 030001, P. R. China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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20
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Salvadori K, Krupková A, Šťastná LČ, Müllerová M, Eigner V, Strašák T, Cuřínová P. Controlled Anchoring of (Phenylureido)sulfonamide-Based Receptor Moieties: An Impact of Binding Site Multiplication on Complexation Properties. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26185670. [PMID: 34577148 PMCID: PMC8468139 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26185670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The repetition of urea-based binding units within the receptor structure does not only lead to monomer properties multiplication. As confirmed by spectroscopic studies, UV-Vis and 1H-NMR in classical or competitive titration mode, the attachment to a carrier allocates the active moieties to mutual positions predetermining the function of the whole receptor molecule. Bivalent receptors form self-aggregates. Dendritic receptors with low dihydrogen phosphate loadings offer a cooperative complexation mode associated with a positive dendritic effect. In higher dihydrogen phosphate concentrations, the dendritic branches act independently and the binding mode changes to 1:1 anion: complexation site. Despite the anchoring, the dendritic receptors retain the superior efficiency and selectivity of a monomer, paving the way to recyclable receptors, desirable for economic and ecological reasons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolína Salvadori
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (A.K.); (L.Č.Š.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16828 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
| | - Alena Krupková
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (A.K.); (L.Č.Š.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Lucie Červenková Šťastná
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (A.K.); (L.Č.Š.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Monika Müllerová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (A.K.); (L.Č.Š.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Václav Eigner
- Department of Solid State Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 16828 Prague 6, Czech Republic;
| | - Tomáš Strašák
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (A.K.); (L.Č.Š.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Petra Cuřínová
- Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals of CAS, v.v.i., Rozvojová 135, 16502 Prague 6, Czech Republic; (K.S.); (A.K.); (L.Č.Š.); (M.M.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence:
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21
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Fernandes T, Fateixa S, Ferro M, Nogueira HI, Daniel-da-Silva AL, Trindade T. Colloidal dendritic nanostructures of gold and silver for SERS analysis of water pollutants. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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22
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Markelov DA, Semisalova AS, Mazo MA. Formation of a Hollow Core in Dendrimers in Solvents. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Denis A. Markelov
- Saint Petersburg State University Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 St. Petersburg 199034 Russia
| | - Anna S. Semisalova
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE University of Duisburg‐Essen Lotharstr. 1 Duisburg 47057 Germany
| | - Mikhail A. Mazo
- Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics Russian Academy of Sciences Kosygina 4 Moscow 119991 Russia
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23
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Calorimetric and spectroscopic studies of interactions of PPI G4 dendrimer with tegafur in aqueous solutions. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.116118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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24
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Nazlı H, Gedik G. In-vitro evaluation of dendrimeric formulation of oxaliplatin. Pharm Dev Technol 2021; 26:750-764. [PMID: 34154500 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2021.1944205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is, preparing various dendrimeric formulations of oxaliplatin and investigating their properties. First of all, the solubility enhancement capabilities of polyamidoamine (PAMAM) G3.5 and PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers were investigated. The results showed that oxaliplatin solubility mostly increasing linearly with dendrimer concentration. Additionally, the increase was more notable in PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers. Then, drug-dendrimer complexes were prepared in different mediums, since the medium used can affect the amount of drug-loaded to dendrimers. Prepared complexes were examined for loading capacity and loading efficiency. It was found that PAMAM G4.5 dendrimers can complex with 2- to 5-fold more oxaliplatin than PAMAM G3.5. Finally, oxaliplatin was modified to a platinum (IV) compound to prepare chemical drug-dendrimer conjugates. Ester bonds were established by Steglich esterification through the hydroxyl group of modified oxaliplatin and the carboxyl groups of the dendrimers. The formulations were characterized by UV, IR, NMR spectroscopy, and dynamic light scattering techniques. PAMAM G3.5 conjugate was further evaluated for the cytotoxicity test. The IC50 value of PAMAM G3.5 conjugate was found as 0.72 µM. For unmodified oxaliplatin, this value was 14.03 µM. As a result, a dendrimer-based drug delivery system that has been found promising for further improvement has been developed successfully.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hakan Nazlı
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Gülşah Gedik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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25
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Song C, Gao Y, Chen J, Wang L, Bányai I, Shen M, Shi X. Physicochemical aspects of zwitterionic core-shell tecto dendrimers characterized by a thorough NMR investigation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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26
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Guo Z, Pedersen CM, Wang P, Ma M, Zhao Y, Qiao Y, Wang Y. d-Glucose Isomerization with PAMAM Dendrimers as Environmentally Friendly Catalysts. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5105-5112. [PMID: 33881848 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The isomerization of d-glucose to d-fructose plays a key role in the biochemical and chemical conversion of biomass, and it is therefore desirable to develop and improve catalysts for this reaction. In this study, the environmentally friendly polymer poly(amidoamine) (PAMAM) dendrimer's properties as catalysts for this isomerization are investigated. The experimental results showed that the PAMAM dendrimers, which have basic terminal groups, can effectively promote the d-glucose isomerization reaction. Under the optimized reaction conditions, d-fructose was generated with a 20% maximum yield and above 90% selectivity. 13C and 2H isotope experiments by NMR were carried out to explore the reaction mechanism. When the reaction was performed in D2O, the C1 signal of d-fructose changed to a triplet, which confirmed that the C1 carbon binds to a deuterium atom, i.e., isotopic exchange. It was also found that the deuterium atom at the C2 position of d-glucose-2-d1 cannot transfer to d-fructose. These data indicate that PAMAM dendrimers catalyze d-glucose isomerization through a mechanism, which includes deprotonation, formation of ene-diol intermediate, and proton exchange with the solvent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaohui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Christian M Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 5, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Pengfei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Minjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingqing Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingxiong Wang
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shanxi Engineering Research Center of Biorefinery, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China
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27
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Ma M, Gao X, Guo Z, Qiao Y. New Insights into the Binding Site and Affinity of the Interaction between Biotin and PAMAMs-NH 2 via NMR Studies. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:4076-4085. [PMID: 33876645 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c10202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Biotin-dendrimer conjugates (such as biotin-PAMAMs-NH2) are important macromolecules in the field of host-guest chemistry and widely used systems for delivery. The similar chemical structures of the inner and outer layers of PAMAM-NH2 make it difficult to illuminate the interaction and the binding affinity of biotin-PAMAMs-NH2. By utilizing NMR techniques including 1H NMR titration, CSSF-TOCSY, STDD methods, and 2D DOSY analysis, we demonstrate a method to sort out these interactions. The methylene protons of the inner and outer layers of PAMAM-NH2 are successfully identified and accurately positioned so that the carboxylic acid groups of biotins are having ionic interactions with the outermost amine groups of PAMAM-NH2. The inner PAMAM-NH2 is protonated when reaching the isoelectric point of PAMAM-NH2, increasing the hydrodynamic radius. On the basis of the NMR experiments, a model is proposed, where the carboxylic acid groups and heterocyclic skeleton of biotin arched over the outer layers of PAMAM-NH2 like a bridge. Furthermore, using STDD epitope mapping, the binding affinity between biotin and PAMAM-NH2 was quantified. The diffusion behavior of biotin-G5 PAMAM-NH2 complex is more complicated than that of biotin-G3 PAMAM-NH2 complex due to steric hindrance. The results provide a theoretical basis for understanding these complicated drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xueke Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhaohui Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yan Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 27 South Taoyuan Road, Taiyuan 030001, China.,Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Cruz L, Correa J, Mateus N, de Freitas V, Tawara MH, Fernandez-Megia E. Dendrimers as Color-Stabilizers of Pyranoanthocyanins: The Dye Concentration Governs the Host-Guest Interaction Mechanisms. ACS APPLIED POLYMER MATERIALS 2021; 3:1457-1464. [PMID: 34632408 PMCID: PMC8496130 DOI: 10.1021/acsapm.0c01321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Anionic dendrimers have recently emerged as hosts (H) for the color stabilization of the flavylium cation of anthocyanin guests (G). The interaction with a promising, more hydrophobic pyranoanthocyanin illustrates how the structure and concentration of the dye modulate the host-guest interaction mechanisms. NMR and UV-vis titrations (host over guest, from G/H ratio 2089 to 45) showed that at relatively low dendrimer-to-dye concentrations, ion pairs at the dendrimer periphery prevail over dye encapsulation. This promotes the deaggregation of the dye, not previously observed with anthocyanins, and related to the more hydrophobic nature of this dye (deshielding of the dye 1H signals, higher T 2 relaxation times, constant diffusion coefficient). As the dendrimer concentration increases, the dye encapsulation, earlier unseen with structurally simpler flavylium dyes, becomes dominant (shielding and broadening of the dye 1H signals and lower T 2 and diffusion coefficient). The interaction parameters of the encapsulation process (K ∼ 4.51 × 104 M-1, n ∼ 150) indicate the binding of ca. one pyranoanthocyanin molecule by each sulfate terminal group. Our results provide insights into the ability of dendrimers to host structurally diverse pyranoflavylium-based dyes and how the structure of the latter modulates the range of interactions involved. The encapsulation ability of this dendrimer to such pH-sensitive dyes is envisioned for the host-guest sensing applications such as pH-responsive systems used for example in food smart packaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís Cruz
- REQUIMTE/LAQV,
Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Juan Correa
- Centro
Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica
e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago
de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Nuno Mateus
- REQUIMTE/LAQV,
Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- REQUIMTE/LAQV,
Departamento de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n, 4169-007 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maun H. Tawara
- Centro
Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica
e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago
de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernandez-Megia
- Centro
Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica
e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química
Orgánica, Universidade de Santiago
de Compostela, Jenaro de la Fuente s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Lv J, Cheng Y. Fluoropolymers in biomedical applications: state-of-the-art and future perspectives. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:5435-5467. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00258e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Biomedical applications of fluoropolymers in gene delivery, protein delivery, drug delivery, 19F MRI, PDT, anti-fouling, anti-bacterial, cell culture, and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Lv
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology
- School of Life Sciences
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
- China
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30
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Gao X, Li L, Cai X, Huang Q, Xiao J, Cheng Y. Targeting nanoparticles for diagnosis and therapy of bone tumors: Opportunities and challenges. Biomaterials 2020; 265:120404. [PMID: 32987273 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2020.120404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A variety of targeted nanoparticles were developed for the diagnosis and therapy of orthotopic and metastatic bone tumors during the past decade. This critical review will focus on principles and methods in the design of these bone-targeted nanoparticles. Ligands including bisphosphonates, aspartic acid-rich peptides and synthetic polymers were grafted on nanoparticles such as PLGA nanoparticles, liposomes, dendrimers and inorganic nanoparticles for bone targeting. Besides, other ligands such as monoclonal antibodies, peptides and aptamers targeting biomarkers on tumor/bone cells were identified for targeted diagnosis and therapy. Examples of targeted nanoparticles for the early detection of bone metastatic tumors and the ablation of cancer via chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, gene therapy and combination therapy will be intensively reviewed. The development of multifunctional nanoparticles to break down the "vicious" cycle between tumor cell proliferation and bone resorption, and the challenges and perspectives in this area will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Gao
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Lin Li
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Xiaopan Cai
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Quan Huang
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Jianru Xiao
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Department of Orthopedics Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China.
| | - Yiyun Cheng
- East China Normal University and Shanghai Changzheng Hospital Joint Research Center for Orthopedic Oncology, 200241, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology, School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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31
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Spectroscopic, electrochemical and calorimetric studies on the interactions of poly(propyleneimine) G4 dendrimer with 5-fluorouracil in aqueous solutions. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Wang Y, Liao Q, Chen J, Huang W, Zhuang X, Tang Y, Li B, Yao X, Feng X, Zhang X, Su M, He Z, Marks TJ, Facchetti A, Guo X. Teaching an Old Anchoring Group New Tricks: Enabling Low-Cost, Eco-Friendly Hole-Transporting Materials for Efficient and Stable Perovskite Solar Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16632-16643. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Qiaogan Liao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China
| | - Jianhua Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xinming Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yumin Tang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Bolin Li
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiyu Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xiyuan Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Xianhe Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Mengyao Su
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Zhubing He
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Antonio Facchetti
- Department of Chemistry and the Materials Research Center, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Xugang Guo
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), No. 1088, Xueyuan Road, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, China
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Fernandes A, Brandão E, Raposo F, Maricato É, Oliveira J, Mateus N, Coimbra MA, de Freitas V. Impact of grape pectic polysaccharides on anthocyanins thermostability. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 239:116240. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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34
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Kharwade R, More S, Warokar A, Agrawal P, Mahajan N. Starburst pamam dendrimers: Synthetic approaches, surface modifications, and biomedical applications. ARAB J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arabjc.2020.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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35
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Fernandes A, Oliveira J, Fonseca F, Ferreira-da-Silva F, Mateus N, Vincken JP, de Freitas V. Molecular binding between anthocyanins and pectic polysaccharides – Unveiling the role of pectic polysaccharides structure. Food Hydrocoll 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2019.105625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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36
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The Role of Branch Cell Symmetry and Other Critical Nanoscale Design Parameters in the Determination of Dendrimer Encapsulation Properties. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10040642. [PMID: 32326311 PMCID: PMC7226492 DOI: 10.3390/biom10040642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reviews progress over the past three decades related to the role of dendrimer-based, branch cell symmetry in the development of advanced drug delivery systems, aqueous based compatibilizers/solubilizers/excipients and nano-metal cluster catalysts. Historically, it begins with early unreported work by the Tomalia Group (i.e., The Dow Chemical Co.) revealing that all known dendrimer family types may be divided into two major symmetry categories; namely: Category I: symmetrical branch cell dendrimers (e.g., Tomalia, Vögtle, Newkome-type dendrimers) possessing interior hollowness/porosity and Category II: asymmetrical branch cell dendrimers (e.g., Denkewalter-type) possessing no interior void space. These two branch cell symmetry features were shown to be pivotal in directing internal packing modes; thereby, differentiating key dendrimer properties such as densities, refractive indices and interior porosities. Furthermore, this discovery provided an explanation for unimolecular micelle encapsulation (UME) behavior observed exclusively for Category I, but not for Category II. This account surveys early experiments confirming the inextricable influence of dendrimer branch cell symmetry on interior packing properties, first examples of Category (I) based UME behavior, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) protocols for systematic encapsulation characterization, application of these principles to the solubilization of active approved drugs, engineering dendrimer critical nanoscale design parameters (CNDPs) for optimized properties and concluding with high optimism for the anticipated role of dendrimer-based solubilization principles in emerging new life science, drug delivery and nanomedical applications.
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37
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Liu X, Yu Q, Song A, Dong S, Hao J. Progress in nuclear magnetic resonance studies of surfactant systems. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2019.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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38
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de Bettencourt-Dias A, Beeler RM, Zimmerman JR. Secondary-Sphere Chlorolanthanide(III) Complexes with a 1,3,5-Triazine-Based Ligand Supported by Anion-π, π-π, and Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:151-160. [PMID: 31509390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
2,4,6-Dipicolylamine-functionalized 1,3,5-triazine (dpat) was isolated. When reacted with LaCl3, compound [(LaCl6)(H3dpat)][H2O]2 (1) formed, which crystallized in the monoclinic P21/n space group with parameters a = 11.47 Å, b = 19.22 Å, c = 20.98 Å, V = 4652.02 Å, and β = 90.53°. When reacted with NdCl3, the complex [NdCl3(H2O)4(H3dpat)][Cl]3(MeOH)2 (2) crystallized in the monoclinic P21/n space group with unit cell parameters a = 20.05 Å, b = 12.81 Å, c = 20.64 Å, V = 5004.40 Å, and β = 110.20°. In both cases, the dpat ligand forms a bowl-shaped cavity that partially envelops the LnIII-containing central unit, which is anionic in 1 and neutral in 2. The formation of these outer-sphere complexes is supported by secondary interactions, including π-π stacking, hydrogen bonding, and anion-π between the chlorolanthanide(III) fragment and the electron-deficient 1,3,5-triazine ring. Evidence of protonation of the pyridine rings in dpat was substantiated through the isolation of [H2dpat][Cl]2 (3). This compound crystallized in the monoclinic C2/c space group with parameters a = 11.93 Å, b = 20.22 Å, c = 15.28 Å, V = 3664.97 Å, and β = 94.35°. Four pyridine rings are pairwise protonated in 3. dpat showed a moderate ability to extract LaIII from an aqueous to an organic phase, indicating its potential, through judicious manipulation of secondary-sphere interactions, as the starting point for efficient extractants for LnIII ions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rose M Beeler
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nevada , Reno , Nevada 89557-0216 , United States
| | - Joshua R Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Nevada , Reno , Nevada 89557-0216 , United States
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Wang Z, Dong X, Sun Y. Mixed Carboxyl and Hydrophobic Dendrimer Surface Inhibits Amyloid-β Fibrillation: New Insight from the Generation Number Effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:14681-14687. [PMID: 31635460 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Fibrillation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ) is closely associated with the progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD), and so inhibition of Aβ fibrillation has been considered as one of the promising strategies for AD prevention and treatment. Our group has proposed the hydrophobic binding-electrostatic repulsion (HyBER) theory on inhibiting Aβ fibrillation by a surface with mixed negative charges and hydrophobic groups, which provides a new strategy for the design of potent amyloid inhibitors. Carboxyl-terminated polyamidoamine dendrimer (PAMAM) is a kind of biocompatible nanomaterial with only carboxyl groups on its surface, and its architecture and property vary with the generation number, low-generation dendrimers possessing sparse distributions of terminal groups while high-generation dendrimers having compact surface groups, which offer abundant base materials for further study of the HyBER theory. We have designed a potent amyloid inhibitor with generation 5 PAMAM. To provide new insights into the HyBER mechanism, we have herein proposed to synthesize phenyl-modified PAMAM dendrimers of generations 3 to 6 (G3-P to G6-P) and study the effect of the generation number on Aβ fibrillation. Results show that phenyl derivatives of low-generation dendrimers (G3-P and G4-P) do not show any interference with Aβ aggregation, whereas the phenyl derivatives of high-generation dendrimers (G5-P and G6-P) significantly inhibit Aβ42 aggregation and alter the ultrastructure of Aβ42 aggregates. The results indicate that the density and distribution of surface functional groups on a dendrimer is of great importance for the HyBER effect to happen. The new understanding on the HyBER mechanism would benefit in the development of potent amyloid inhibitors based on the theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyuan Wang
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300354 , China
| | - Xiaoyan Dong
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300354 , China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Biochemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300354 , China
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In vitro siRNA delivery via diethylenetriamine- and tetraethylenepentamine-modified carboxyl group-terminated Poly(amido)amine generation 4.5 dendrimers. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 106:110245. [PMID: 31753357 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The recent discovery of small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) has opened new avenues for designing personalized treatment options for various diseases. However, the therapeutic application of siRNAs has been confronted with many challenges because of short half-life in circulation, poor membrane penetration, difficulty in escaping from endosomes, and insufficient release into the cytosol. To overcome these challenges, we designed a diethylenetriamine (DETA)- and tetraethylenepentamine (TEPA)-modified polyamidoamine dendrimer generation 4.5 (PDG4.5), and characterized it using 1H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 13C NMR, correlation spectroscopy (COSY), heteronuclear single-quantum correlation spectroscopy (HSQC), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy followed by conjugation with siRNA. The PDG4.5-DETA and PDG4.5-TEPA polyplexes exhibited spherical nanosize, ideal zeta potential, and effective siRNA binding ability, protected the siRNA from nuclease attack, and revealed less cytotoxicity of PDG4.5-DETA and PDG4.5-TEPA in HeLa cells. More importantly, the polyplexes also revealed good cellular internalization and facilitated translocation of the siRNA into the cytosol. Thus, PDG4.5-DETA and PDG4.5-TEPA can act as potential siRNA carriers in future medical and pharmaceutical applications.
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41
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de Bettencourt-Dias A, Beeler RM, Zimmerman JR. Anion-π and H-Bonding Interactions Supporting Encapsulation of [Ln(NO3)6/5]3–/2– (Ln = Nd, Er) with a Triazine-Based Ligand. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:15102-15110. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b05566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rose M. Beeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
| | - Joshua R. Zimmerman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557-0216, United States
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Rozanski M, Studzian M, Pulaski L. Direct Measurement of Kinetic Parameters of ABCG2-Dependent Transport of Natural Flavonoids Using a Fluorogenic Substrate. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2019; 371:309-319. [DOI: 10.1124/jpet.119.261347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
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43
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Cruz L, Basílio N, Mendoza J, Mateus N, de Freitas V, Tawara MH, Correa J, Fernandez‐Megia E. Impact of a Water‐Soluble Gallic Acid‐Based Dendrimer on the Color‐Stabilizing Mechanisms of Anthocyanins. Chemistry 2019; 25:11696-11706. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luís Cruz
- REQUIMTE/LAQV Departamento de Química e, Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Nuno Basílio
- LAQV, REQUIMTE Departamento de Química Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade, Nova de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Johan Mendoza
- LAQV, REQUIMTE Departamento de Química Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia Universidade, Nova de Lisboa 2829-516 Caparica Portugal
| | - Nuno Mateus
- REQUIMTE/LAQV Departamento de Química e, Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Victor de Freitas
- REQUIMTE/LAQV Departamento de Química e, Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências Universidade do Porto Rua do Campo Alegre, s/n 4169-007 Porto Portugal
| | - Maun H. Tawara
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e, Materiais Moleculares, (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Jenaro de la Fuente s/n 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Juan Correa
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e, Materiais Moleculares, (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Jenaro de la Fuente s/n 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
| | - Eduardo Fernandez‐Megia
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e, Materiais Moleculares, (CIQUS) and Departamento de Química Orgánica Universidade de Santiago de Compostela Jenaro de la Fuente s/n 15782 Santiago de Compostela Spain
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Ning C, Ma H, Pedersen CM, Chang H, Wang Y, Qiao Y. Interaction between environmental contaminant PFOA and PAMAM in water: 19F and 1H NMR studies. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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45
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Li TF, Cheng YY, Wang Y, Wang H, Chen DF, Liu YT, Zhang L, Han WZ, Liu RD, Wang ZJ, Yang CM, Jafta CJ, Clemens D, Keiderling U. Analysis of Dimer Impurity in Polyamidoamine Dendrimer Solutions by Small-angle Neutron Scattering. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2260-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Dib N, Fernández L, Santo M, Otero L, Alustiza F, Liaudat AC, Bosch P, Lavaggi ML, Cerecetto H, González M. Formation of dendrimer-guest complexes as a strategy to increase the solubility of a phenazine N, N'-dioxide derivative with antitumor activity. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01528. [PMID: 31049437 PMCID: PMC6482317 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Revised: 11/22/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(amidoamine) and Poly(propylenimine) dendrimers with different generations and peripheral groups were studied as solubility enhancers and nanocarriers for 7-bromo-2-hydroxy-phenazine N5,N10-dioxide. This compound possesses potential antitumoral and anti-trypanosomal activity, but its low solubility in physiological media precludes its possible application as therapeutic drug. The amino terminated dendrimers association with the active compounds as observed trough NMR studies showed that electrostatic interactions are essential in the solubilization enhancement process. The obtaining of a stable and no cytotoxic formulation makes the drug-carried association a suitable strategy for the generation of a drug delivery system for phenazine derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahir Dib
- Departamento de Física, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CONICET, Agencia Postal 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Luciana Fernández
- Departamento de Física, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CONICET, Agencia Postal 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Marisa Santo
- Departamento de Física, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CONICET, Agencia Postal 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Luis Otero
- Departamento de Física, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, CONICET, Agencia Postal 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Fabrisio Alustiza
- Grupo de Sanidad Animal, INTA Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Marcos Juárez, X2580, Marcos Juárez, Argentina
| | - Ana Cecilia Liaudat
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - Pablo Bosch
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal 3, X5804BYA, Río Cuarto, Argentina
| | - M Laura Lavaggi
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Hugo Cerecetto
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Mercedes González
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Buchelnikov AS, Evstigneev VP, Evstigneev MP. Hetero-association models of non-covalent molecular complexation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7717-7731. [PMID: 30931443 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp03183e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The present review discusses the current state-of-the-art in building models enabling the description of non-covalent equilibrium complexation of different types of molecules in solution, which results in the formation of supramolecular structures different in length and composition (hetero-association or supramolecular multicomponent co-polymerisation). The description is focused on standard physical and chemical quantities such as experimental observables and equilibrium parameters of interaction (equilibrium constants and concentrations). The major partial cases of the hetero-association models, such as finite and indefinite isodesmic and cooperative complexations, and Benesi-Hildebrand and Langmuir adsorption models are considered. Future challenges in the development of the hetero-association models are provided.
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Dou X, Meints GA, Sedaghat-Herati R. New Insights into the Interactions of a DNA Oligonucleotide with mPEGylated-PAMAM by Circular Dichroism and Solution NMR. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:666-674. [PMID: 30562015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b08517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Dendrimers are well-defined, highly branched, synthetic three-dimensional molecules with a large number of reactive end groups. PAMAM dendrimers form stable complexes with DNA chemistries and constitute an important class of nonviral, cationic vectors in gene delivery. The aim of this study is to examine the interactions of a 12 bp DNA oligonucletide with PAMAM-G2 and mPEG- b-PAMAM-G3 having eight surface amine groups under physiological conditions, using constant DNA concentration but varying dendrimer concentration. 1D 31P NMR, 2D NOESY, and CD spectroscopic methods were employed to investigate the interactions between the dendrimer and the DNA. The CD experiments carried out with a constant DNA concentration of 25 μM and dendrimer concentrations from 0 to 100 μM indicated minimal change to the chirality of the DNA for both types of dendrimers. While the PAMAM-G2 dendrimer caused aggregation of the majority of the DNA, the 2D NMR data of the DNA with an mPEG- b-PAMAM-G3 dendrimer indicated general broadening of the 1D 31P peaks from the DNA phosphates, a small number of 1H chemical shift perturbations (CSPs), and reduction of specific 1H-1H NOE intensities. These data suggest there is minimal structural alteration of the DNA in the complex and indicate preferential binding of the dendrimer to the central AATT region of the DNA sequence. The results herein are the first such results demonstrating a soluble DNA complex with the mPEG- b-PAMAM-G3 dendrimer analyzed by multidimensional NMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaozheng Dou
- Department of Chemistry , Missouri State University , Springfield , Missouri 65897 , United States
| | - Gary A Meints
- Department of Chemistry , Missouri State University , Springfield , Missouri 65897 , United States
| | - Reza Sedaghat-Herati
- Department of Chemistry , Missouri State University , Springfield , Missouri 65897 , United States
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Li B, He T, Fan Y, Yuan X, Qiu H, Yin S. Recent developments in the construction of metallacycle/metallacage-cored supramolecular polymers via hierarchical self-assembly. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8036-8059. [PMID: 31206102 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc02472g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Supramolecular polymers have received considerable attention during the last few decades due to their scientific value in polymer chemistry and profound implications for future developments of advanced materials. Discrete supramolecular coordination complexes (SCCs) with well-defined size, shape, and geometry have been widely employed to construct hierarchical systems by coordination-driven self-assembly with the spontaneous formation of metal-ligand bonds, which results in the formation of well-defined two-dimensional (2D) metallacycles or three-dimensional (3D) metallacages with high functionalities. The incorporation of discrete SCCs into supramolecular polymers by the orthogonal combination of metal-ligand coordination and other noncovalent interactions or covalent bonding could further facilitate the construction of novel supramolecular polymers with hierarchical architectures and multiple functions including controllable uptake and release of guest molecules, providing a flexible platform for the development of smart materials. In this review, the recent progress in metallacycle/metallacage-cored supramolecular polymers that were constructed by the combination of metal-ligand interactions and other orthogonal interactions (including hydrophobic or hydrophilic interactions, hydrogen bonding, van der Waals forces, π-π stacking, electrostatic interactions, host-guest interactions and covalent bonding) has been discussed. In addition, the potential applications of metallacycle/metallacage-cored supramolecular polymers in the areas of light emitting, sensing, bio-imaging, delivery and release, etc., are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Li
- College of Material, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 310036, P. R. China.
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Wang M, Cai X, Yang J, Wang C, Tong L, Xiao J, Li L. A Targeted and pH-Responsive Bortezomib Nanomedicine in the Treatment of Metastatic Bone Tumors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:41003-41011. [PMID: 30403331 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b07527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Bortezomib is a boronate proteasome inhibitor widely used as an efficient anticancer drug; however, the clinical use of bortezomib is hampered by its adverse effects such as hematotoxicity and peripheral neuropathy, and low efficacy on solid tumors due to unfavorable pharmacokinetics and poor penetration in the solid tumors. In this study, we developed a tripeptide Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD)-targeted dendrimer conjugated with catechol and poly(ethylene glycol) groups for the targeted delivery of bortezomib to metastatic bone tumors. Bortezomib was loaded on the dendrimer via a boronate-catechol linkage with pH-responsive property, which plays an essential role in the control of bortezomib loading and release. The nontargeted bortezomib nanomedicine showed minimal cytotoxicity at pH 7.4, but significantly increased anticancer activity when cyclic RGD (cRGD) moieties were anchored on the dendrimer surface. The ligand cRGD enabled efficient internalization of the bortezomib complex by breast cancer cells such as MDA-MB-231 cells. The targeted nanomedicine efficiently depressed the progression of metastatic bone tumors and significantly inhibited the tumor-associated osteolysis in a model of bone tumors. This study provided an insight into the development of nanomedicine for metastatic bone tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingming Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaopan Cai
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology , Changzheng Hospital , Shanghai 200003 , P. R. China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology , Changzheng Hospital , Shanghai 200003 , P. R. China
| | - Changping Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241 , P. R. China
| | - Lu Tong
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241 , P. R. China
| | - Jianru Xiao
- Department of Orthopedic Oncology , Changzheng Hospital , Shanghai 200003 , P. R. China
| | - Lei Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Regulatory Biology , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241 , P. R. China
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