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Brand RD, Schulze JS, Henss A, Smarsly BM. Time-of-Flight Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Revealing the Organocatalyst Distribution in Functionalized Silica Monoliths. ChemistryOpen 2024:e202400199. [PMID: 39329453 DOI: 10.1002/open.202400199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hierarchically porous monolithic silica shows promise as a carrier material for immobilized organocatalysts. Conventional analysis usually includes physisorption, infrared spectroscopy and elemental analysis, among others, to elucidate the pore space and degree of functionalization of the material. However, these methods do not yield information about the spatial distribution of the organic species inside the monolithic reactor. In this work, time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry has been applied to characterize the surface of organically functionalized silica monoliths. Cross sections of a silica monolith functionalized with 4-dimethylaminopyridine were analyzed and the results were compared with physisorption and elemental analysis experiments of the same material. This way, insight into the radial distribution of the catalyst could be achieved, which might assist in interpreting the performance of such reactors in heterogeneous flow catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raoul D Brand
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Julia S Schulze
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Anja Henss
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernd M Smarsly
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, D-35392, Giessen, Germany
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2
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Boyes ED, Gai PL. Visualizing Dynamic Single Atom Catalysis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2314121. [PMID: 38757873 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202314121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Many industrial chemical processes, including for producing fuels, foods, pharmaceuticals, chemicals and environmental controls, employ heterogeneous solid state catalysts at elevated temperatures in gas or liquid environments. Dynamic reactions at the atomic level play a critical role in catalyst stability and functionality. In situ visualization and analysis of atomic-scale processes in real time under controlled reaction environments can provide important insights into practical frameworks to improve catalytic processes and materials. This review focuses on innovative real time in situ electron microscopy (EM) methods, including recent progress in analytical in situ environmental (scanning) transmission EM (E(STEM), incorporating environmental scanning TEM (ESTEM) and environmental transmission EM (ETEM), with single atom resolution for visualizing and analysing dynamic single atom catalysis under controlled flowing gas reaction environments. ESTEM studies of single atom dynamics of reactions, and of sintering deactivation, contribute to a better-informed understanding of the yield and stability of catalyst operations. Advances in in situ technologies, including gas and liquid sample holders, nanotomography, and higher voltages, as well as challenges and opportunities in tracking reacting atoms, are highlighted. The findings show that the understanding and application of fundamental processes in catalysis can be improved, with valuable economic, environmental, and societal benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward D Boyes
- The York Nanocentre, Department of Physics, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Pratibha L Gai
- The York Nanocentre, Department of Chemistry, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
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3
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Prates da Costa E, Huang X, Kübel C, Cheng X, Schladitz K, Hofmann A, Göbel U, Smarsly BM. Tuning Mesopore Accessibility of Ce 0.18Zr 0.64Y 0.15La 0.03O 2-δ by Hydrothermal Post-treatment─A Case Study for Ceria-Based Oxidation Storage Materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023. [PMID: 38011036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
The connectivity and thermal stability of pores in heterogeneous, mesoporous metal oxide catalysts are key properties controlling their (long-term) efficacy. In this study, we investigate the influence of pH and temperature during a common hydrothermal aftertreatment step in the synthesis of mesoporous CexZr1-x-y-zYyLazO2-δ oxides obtained from molecular precursors via hydrothermal synthesis. This study has a strong focus on the methodological approach, elucidating whether and how even the smallest changes in morphology and connectivity may be unraveled and related to the underlying chemical processes to uncover key parameters for the ongoing improvement of material properties. Deep insights into the mesopore space were obtained by state-of-the-art physisorption (including hysteresis scanning), electron tomography, and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analysis. We also provide a simple tool to simulate SAXS curves from electron tomography data that allow direct comparison to experimentally obtained SAXS curves. Furthermore, the impact on surface-bound nitrate groups and the development during calcination were studied in detail by thermogravimetric analysis coupled with mass spectrometry. The key observations indicate a significant increase in thermal stability at temperatures as high as 1050 °C and improved mesopore accessibility with an increase in pH of the aftertreatment solution. The combined observations from the employed methods suggest a pH-dependent removal of surface-bound nitrate groups as well as a dissolution and reprecipitation-based fusing of the primary particles that constitute the mesopore skeleton. This transformation yields a mechanically and thermally stronger mesopore space with the capability to endure high temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Prates da Costa
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
- Umicore AG & Co. KG, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, Hanau 63457, Germany
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility (KNMF), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen 76344, Germany
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Xiaoyin Cheng
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Techno-und Wirtschaftsmathematik, Fraunhofer-Platz 1, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | - Katja Schladitz
- Fraunhofer-Institut für Techno-und Wirtschaftsmathematik, Fraunhofer-Platz 1, Kaiserslautern 67663, Germany
| | | | - Ulrich Göbel
- Umicore AG & Co. KG, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, Hanau 63457, Germany
| | - Bernd M Smarsly
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, Giessen 35392, Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, Giessen 35392, Germany
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4
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Zhang Y, Yang X, Zhao SN, Zhai Y, Pang X, Lin J. Recent Developments of Microscopic Study for Lanthanide and Manganese Doped Luminescent Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2205014. [PMID: 36310419 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent materials are indispensable for applications in lighting, displays and photovoltaics, which can transfer, absorb, store and utilize light energy. Their performance is closely related with their size and morphologies, exact atomic arrangement, and local configuration about photofunctional centers. Advanced electron microscopy-based techniques have enabled the possibility to study nanostructures with atomic resolution. Especially, with the advanced micro-electro-mechanical systems, it is able to characterize the luminescent materials at the atomic scale under various environments, providing a deep understanding of the luminescent mechanism. Accordingly, this review summarizes the recent achievements of microscopic study to directly image the microstructure and local environment of activators in lanthanide and manganese (Ln/Mn2+ )-doped luminescent materials, including: 1) bulk materials, the typical systems are nitride/oxynitride phosphors; and 2) nanomaterials, such as nanocrystals (hexagonal-phase NaLnF4 and perovskite) and 2D nanosheets (Ca2 Ta3 O10 and MoS2 ). Finally, the challenges and limitations are highlighted, and some possible solutions to facilitate the developments of advanced luminescent materials are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xuewei Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Shu-Na Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Yalong Zhai
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Xinchang Pang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China
| | - Jun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130022, China
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5
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Burgo TL, Pereira GKR, Iglesias BA, Moreira KS, Valandro LF. AFM advanced modes for dental and biomedical applications. J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022; 136:105475. [PMID: 36195052 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2022.105475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Several analytical methods have been employed to elucidate bonding mechanisms between dental hard tissues, luting agents and restorative materials. Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) imaging that has been extensively used in materials science, but its full capabilities are poorly explored by dental research community. In fact, commonly used to obtain topographic images of different surfaces, it turns out that AFM is an underestimated technique considering that there are dozens of basic and advanced modes that are scarcely used to explain properties of biomaterials. Thus, this paper addresses the use of phase-contrast imaging, force-distance curves, nanomechanical and Kelvin probe force techniques during AFM analysis to explore topological, nanomechanical and electrical properties of Y-TZP samples modified by different surface treatments, which has been widely used to promote adhesive enhancements to such substrate. The AFM methods are capable of access erstwhile inaccessible properties of Y-TZP which allowed us to describe its adhesive properties correctly. Thus, AFM technique emerges as a key tool to investigate the complex nature of biomaterials and highlighting its inherent interdisciplinarity that can be successfully used for bridging fragmented disciplines such as solid-state physics, microbiology and dental sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- ThiagoA L Burgo
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Sciences, Ibilce, São Paulo State University (Unesp), São Jose do Rio Preto, São Paulo State, Brazil.
| | - Gabriel Kalil Rocha Pereira
- MSciD and Ph.D. Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Bernardo Almeida Iglesias
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Kelly S Moreira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Felipe Valandro
- MSciD and Ph.D. Post-Graduate Program in Oral Science, Faculty of Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, Brazil.
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6
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Das S, Pashminehazar R, Sharma S, Weber S, Sheppard TL. New Dimensions in Catalysis Research with Hard X‐Ray Tomography. CHEM-ING-TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202200082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Srashtasrita Das
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Reihaneh Pashminehazar
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Shweta Sharma
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Sebastian Weber
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Thomas L. Sheppard
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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7
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Yun R, Li T, Zhang B, He L, Liu S, Yu C, Chen Z, Luo S. Amino induced high-loading atomically dispersed Co sites on N-doped hollow carbon for efficient CO 2 transformation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6602-6605. [PMID: 35583345 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc01941h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a novel strategy has been proposed to design a hollow structure via post-modified N sites coordinating to metal species. As a result, an atomically dispersed Co site catalyst with high loading has been obtained and has shown superb performance in CO2 cycloaddition to ethylene carbonate. This novel avenue can be extended to other atomically dispersed metal catalysts with high loading.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruirui Yun
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Carbon Neutrality Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 214001, P. R. China.
| | - Tuanhui Li
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Carbon Neutrality Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 214001, P. R. China.
| | - Beibei Zhang
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Carbon Neutrality Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 214001, P. R. China.
| | - Lei He
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Carbon Neutrality Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 214001, P. R. China.
| | - Shoujie Liu
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Carbon Neutrality Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 214001, P. R. China.
| | - Can Yu
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, P. R. China.
| | - Zheng Chen
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Carbon Neutrality Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 214001, P. R. China.
| | - Shizhong Luo
- Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, Anhui Carbon Neutrality Engineering Center, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 214001, P. R. China.
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8
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Investigating the Morphology and Mechanics of Biogenic Hierarchical Materials at and below Micrometer Scale. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091549. [PMID: 35564259 PMCID: PMC9102398 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Investigating and understanding the intrinsic material properties of biogenic materials, which have evolved over millions of years into admirable structures with difficult to mimic hierarchical levels, holds the potential of replacing trial-and-error-based materials optimization in our efforts to make synthetic materials of similarly advanced complexity and properties. An excellent example is biogenic silica which is found in the exoskeleton of unicellular photosynthetic algae termed diatoms. Because of the complex micro- and nanostructures found in their exoskeleton, determining the intrinsic mechanical properties of biosilica in diatoms has only partly been accomplished. Here, a general method is presented in which a combination of in situ deformation tests inside an SEM with a realistic 3D model of the frustule of diatom Craspedostauros sp. (C. sp.) obtained by electron tomography, alongside finite element method (FEM) simulations, enables quantification of the Young’s modulus (E = 2.3 ± 0.1 GPa) of this biogenic hierarchical silica. The workflow presented can be readily extended to other diatom species, biominerals, or even synthetic hierarchical materials.
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9
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Perras FA, Kanbur U, Paterson AL, Chatterjee P, Slowing II, Sadow AD. Determining the Three-Dimensional Structures of Silica-Supported Metal Complexes from the Ground Up. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:1067-1078. [PMID: 34962783 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The immobilization of molecularly precise metal complexes to substrates, such as silica, provides an attractive platform for the design of active sites in heterogeneous catalysts. Specific steric and electronic variations of the ligand environment enable the development of structure-activity relationships and the knowledge-driven design of catalysts. At present, however, the three-dimensional environment of the precatalyst, much less the active site, is generally not known for heterogeneous single-site catalysts. We explored the degree to which NMR-based surface-to-complex interatomic distances could be used to solve the three-dimensional structures of three silica-supported metal complexes. The structure solution revealed unexpected features related to the environment around the metal that would be difficult to discern otherwise. This approach appears to be highly robust and, due to its simplicity, is readily applied to most single-site catalysts with little extra effort.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Uddhav Kanbur
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | | | - Puranjan Chatterjee
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Igor I Slowing
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
| | - Aaron D Sadow
- US DOE, Ames Laboratory, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States.,Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, United States
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10
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Mitra S, Sharma VK, Mukhopadhyay R. Diffusion of confined fluids in microporous zeolites and clay materials. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2021; 84:066501. [PMID: 33740783 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/abf085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluids exhibit remarkable variation in their structural and dynamic properties when they are confined at the nanoscopic scale. Various factors, including geometric restriction, the size and shape of the guest molecules, the topology of the host, and guest-host interactions, are responsible for the alterations in these properties. Due to their porous structures, aluminosilicates provide a suitable host system for studying the diffusion of sorbates in confinement. Zeolites and clays are two classes of the aluminosilicate family, comprising very ordered porous or layered structures. Zeolitic materials are important due to their high catalytic activity and molecular sieving properties. Guest molecules adsorbed by zeolites display many interesting features including unidimensional diffusion, non-isotropic rotation, preferred orientation and levitation effects, depending on the guest and host characteristics. These are useful for the separation of hydrocarbons which commonly exist as mixtures in nature. Similarly, clay materials have found application in catalysis, desalination, enhanced oil recovery, and isolation barriers used in radioactive waste disposal. It has been shown that the bonding interactions, level of hydration, interlayer spacing, and number of charge-balancing cations are the important factors that determine the nature of diffusion of water molecules in clays. Here, we present a review of the current status of the diffusion mechanisms of various adsorbed species in different microporous zeolites and clays, as investigated using quasielastic neutron scattering and classical molecular dynamics simulation techniques. It is impossible to write an exhaustive review of the subject matter, as it has been explored over several decades and involves many research topics. However, an effort is made to cover the relevant issues specific to the dynamics of different molecules in microporous zeolites and clay materials and to highlight a variety of interesting features that are important for both practical applications and fundamental aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
| | - R Mukhopadhyay
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
- Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai 400094, India
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11
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Özkan E, Hofmann A, Votsmeier M, Wang W, Huang X, Kübel C, Badaczewski F, Turke K, Werner S, Smarsly BM. Comprehensive Characterization of a Mesoporous Cerium Oxide Nanomaterial with High Surface Area and High Thermal Stability. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:2563-2574. [PMID: 33590755 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the pore space of a mesoporous cerium oxide material is investigated, which forms by the self-assembly of primary particles into a spherical secondary structure possessing a disordered mesopore space. The material under study exhibits quite stable mesoporosity upon aging at high temperatures (800 °C) and is, thus, of potential interest in high-temperature catalysis. Here, different characterization techniques were applied to elucidate the structural evolution taking place between heat treatment at 400 °C and aging at 800 °C, i.e., in a water-containing atmosphere, which is usually detrimental to nanoscaled porosity. The changes in the mesoporosity were monitored by advanced physisorption experiments, including hysteresis scanning, and electron tomography analysis coupled with a 3D reconstruction of the mesopore space. These methods indicate that the 3D spatial arrangement of the primary particles during the synthesis under hydrothermal conditions via thermal hydrolysis is related to the thermal stability of the hierarchical mesopore structure. The assembly of the primary CeO2 particles (∼4 nm in size) results in an interparticulate space constituting an open 3D mesopore network, as revealed by skeleton analysis of tomography data, being in conformity with hysteresis scanning. At elevated temperatures (800 °C), sinter processes occur resulting in the growth of the primary particles, but the 3D mesopore network and the spherical secondary structure are preserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elifkübra Özkan
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Umicore AG & Co. KG, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457 Hanau, Germany
| | | | - Martin Votsmeier
- Umicore AG & Co. KG, Rodenbacher Chaussee 4, 63457 Hanau, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 8, 64287 ̈Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Wu Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Materials and Earth Science, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str.2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Department of Materials and Earth Science, Technical University Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str.2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Felix Badaczewski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kevin Turke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Werner
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Bernd M Smarsly
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa), Justus-Liebig-University, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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12
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Abstract
CO2 methanation is often performed on Ni/Al2O3 catalysts, which can suffer from mass transport limitations and, therefore, decreased efficiency. Here we show the application of a hierarchically porous Ni/Al2O3 catalyst for methanation of CO2. The material has a well-defined and connected meso- and macropore structure with a total porosity of 78%. The pore structure was thoroughly studied with conventional methods, i.e., N2 sorption, Hg porosimetry, and He pycnometry, and advanced imaging techniques, i.e., electron tomography and ptychographic X-ray computed tomography. Tomography can quantify the pore system in a manner that is not possible using conventional porosimetry. Macrokinetic simulations were performed based on the measures obtained by porosity analysis. These show the potential benefit of enhanced mass-transfer properties of the hierarchical pore system compared to a pure mesoporous catalyst at industrially relevant conditions. Besides the investigation of the pore system, the catalyst was studied by Rietveld refinement, diffuse reflectance ultraviolet-visible (DRUV/vis) spectroscopy, and H2-temperature programmed reduction (TPR), showing a high reduction temperature required for activation due to structural incorporation of Ni into the transition alumina. The reduced hierarchically porous Ni/Al2O3 catalyst is highly active in CO2 methanation, showing comparable conversion and selectivity for CH4 to an industrial reference catalyst.
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13
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Tallarek U, Hochstrasser J, Ziegler F, Huang X, Kübel C, Buchmeiser MR. Olefin Ring‐closing Metathesis under Spatial Confinement: Morphology−Transport Relationships. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 D-35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Janika Hochstrasser
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 D-35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Felix Ziegler
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Xiaohui Huang
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute of Nanotechnology and Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D-76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
- Department of Materials and Earth Sciences Technische Universität Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 2 D-64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Michael R. Buchmeiser
- Institute of Polymer Chemistry Universität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 D-70569 Stuttgart Germany
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14
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Peng P, Gao XH, Yan ZF, Mintova S. Diffusion and catalyst efficiency in hierarchical zeolite catalysts. Natl Sci Rev 2020; 7:1726-1742. [PMID: 34691504 PMCID: PMC8290962 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaa184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The preparation of hierarchical zeolites with reduced diffusion limitation and enhanced catalyst efficiency has become a vital focus in the field of zeolites and porous materials chemistry within the past decades. This review will focus on the diffusion and catalyst efficiency of hierarchical zeolites and industrial catalysts. The benefits of diffusion and catalyst efficiency at two levels of hierarchies (zeolitic component level and industrial catalyst level) from a chemical reaction engineering point of view will be analysed. At zeolitic component level, three types of mesopores based on the strategies applied toward enhancing the catalyst effectiveness factor are presented: (i) 'functional mesopores' (raising effective diffusivity); (ii) 'auxiliary mesopores' (decreasing diffusion length); and (iii) 'integrated mesopores' (a combination thereof). At industrial catalyst level, location and interconnectivity among the constitutive components are revealed. The hierarchical pore interconnectivity in multi-component zeolite based industrial catalysts is exemplified by fluid catalytic cracking and bi-functional hydroisomerization catalysts. The rational design of industrial zeolite catalysts at both hierarchical zeolitic component and catalyst body levels can be fully comprehended using the advanced in situ and/or operando spectroscopic, microscopic and diffraction techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Spectrochemistry (LCS), Normandy University, National Graduate School of Engineering of Caen (ENSICAEN), University of Caen (UNICAEN), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Caen 14000, France
| | - Xiong-Hou Gao
- Petrochemical Research Institute, China National Petroleum Company, Beijing 100195, China
| | - Zi-Feng Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Svetlana Mintova
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
- Laboratory of Catalysis and Spectrochemistry (LCS), Normandy University, National Graduate School of Engineering of Caen (ENSICAEN), University of Caen (UNICAEN), French National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), Caen 14000, France
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15
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Abstract
The complex environment of biological cells and tissues has motivated development of three-dimensional (3D) imaging in both light and electron microscopies. To this end, one of the primary tools in fluorescence microscopy is that of computational deconvolution. Wide-field fluorescence images are often corrupted by haze due to out-of-focus light, i.e., to cross-talk between different object planes as represented in the 3D image. Using prior understanding of the image formation mechanism, it is possible to suppress the cross-talk and reassign the unfocused light to its proper source post facto. Electron tomography based on tilted projections also exhibits a cross-talk between distant planes due to the discrete angular sampling and limited tilt range. By use of a suitably synthesized 3D point spread function, we show here that deconvolution leads to similar improvements in volume data reconstructed from cryoscanning transmission electron tomography (CSTET), namely a dramatic in-plane noise reduction and improved representation of features in the axial dimension. Contrast enhancement is demonstrated first with colloidal gold particles and then in representative cryotomograms of intact cells. Deconvolution of CSTET data collected from the periphery of an intact nucleus revealed partially condensed, extended structures in interphase chromatin.
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16
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Obrero JM, Filippin AN, Alcaire M, Sanchez-Valencia JR, Jacob M, Matei C, Aparicio FJ, Macias-Montero M, Rojas TC, Espinos JP, Saghi Z, Barranco A, Borras A. Supported Porous Nanostructures Developed by Plasma Processing of Metal Phthalocyanines and Porphyrins. Front Chem 2020; 8:520. [PMID: 32626693 PMCID: PMC7311806 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.00520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The large area scalable fabrication of supported porous metal and metal oxide nanomaterials is acknowledged as one of the greatest challenges for their eventual implementation in on-device applications. In this work, we will present a comprehensive revision and the latest results regarding the pioneering use of commercially available metal phthalocyanines and porphyrins as solid precursors for the plasma-assisted deposition of porous metal and metal oxide films and three-dimensional nanostructures (hierarchical nanowires and nanotubes). The most advanced features of this method relay on its ample general character from the point of view of the porous material composition and microstructure, mild deposition and processing temperature and energy constrictions and, finally, its straightforward compatibility with the direct deposition of the porous nanomaterials on processable substrates and device-architectures. Thus, taking advantage of the variety in the composition of commercially available metal porphyrins and phthalocyanines, we present the development of metal and metal oxides layers including Pt, CuO, Fe2O3, TiO2, and ZnO with morphologies ranging from nanoparticles to nanocolumnar films. In addition, we combine this method with the fabrication by low-pressure vapor transport of single-crystalline organic nanowires for the formation of hierarchical hybrid organic@metal/metal-oxide and @metal/metal-oxide nanotubes. We carry out a thorough characterization of the films and nanowires using SEM, TEM, FIB 3D, and electron tomography. The latest two techniques are revealed as critical for the elucidation of the inner porosity of the layers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Obrero
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain
| | - Alejandro N Filippin
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain
| | - Maria Alcaire
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain
| | - Juan R Sanchez-Valencia
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain.,Departamento de Física Atómica, Molecular y Nuclear, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
| | - Martin Jacob
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Francisco J Aparicio
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain
| | - Manuel Macias-Montero
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain.,Instituto de Óptica Daza Baldés (CSIC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa C Rojas
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain
| | - Juan P Espinos
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain
| | - Zineb Saghi
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Grenoble, France
| | - Angel Barranco
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain
| | - Ana Borras
- Nanotechnology on Surfaces and Plasma Laboratory, Materials Science Institute of Seville (ICMS, CSIC-US), Seville, Spain
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17
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Juneau M, Liu R, Peng Y, Malge A, Ma Z, Porosoff MD. Characterization of Metal‐zeolite Composite Catalysts: Determining the Environment of the Active Phase. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201902039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell Juneau
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Rochester Rochester NY-14627 USA
| | - Renjie Liu
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Rochester Rochester NY-14627 USA
| | - Yikang Peng
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Rochester Rochester NY-14627 USA
| | - Akhilesh Malge
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Rochester Rochester NY-14627 USA
| | - Zhiqiang Ma
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Rochester Rochester NY-14627 USA
| | - Marc D. Porosoff
- Department of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of Rochester Rochester NY-14627 USA
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18
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Guefrachi Y, Sharma G, Xu D, Kumar G, Vinter KP, Abdelrahman OA, Li X, Alhassan S, Dauenhauer PJ, Navrotsky A, Zhang W, Tsapatsis M. Steam‐Induced Coarsening of Single‐Unit‐Cell MFI Zeolite Nanosheets and Its Effect on External Surface Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Guefrachi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Geetu Sharma
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory NEAT-ORU University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Katherine P. Vinter
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Omar A. Abdelrahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Saeed Alhassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Khalifa University of Science and Technology Habshan Building, Sas Al Nakhl Campus Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Paul J. Dauenhauer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory NEAT-ORU University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences University of Minnesota 515 Delaware St SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Characterization Facility University of Minnesota 312 Church St Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Michael Tsapatsis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
- Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins University 11100 Johns Hopkins Road Laurel MD 20723 USA
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19
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Guefrachi Y, Sharma G, Xu D, Kumar G, Vinter KP, Abdelrahman OA, Li X, Alhassan S, Dauenhauer PJ, Navrotsky A, Zhang W, Tsapatsis M. Steam‐Induced Coarsening of Single‐Unit‐Cell MFI Zeolite Nanosheets and Its Effect on External Surface Brønsted Acid Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:9579-9585. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202000395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Guefrachi
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Geetu Sharma
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory NEAT-ORU University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Dandan Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Gaurav Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Katherine P. Vinter
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Omar A. Abdelrahman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Xinyu Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Saeed Alhassan
- Department of Chemical Engineering Khalifa University of Science and Technology Habshan Building, Sas Al Nakhl Campus Abu Dhabi United Arab Emirates
| | - Paul J. Dauenhauer
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory NEAT-ORU University of California Davis Davis CA 95616 USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Diagnostic and Biological Sciences University of Minnesota 515 Delaware St SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Characterization Facility University of Minnesota 312 Church St Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
| | - Michael Tsapatsis
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science University of Minnesota 421 Washington Avenue SE Minneapolis MN 55455 USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering and Institute for NanoBioTechnology Johns Hopkins University 3400 N. Charles Street Baltimore MD 21218 USA
- Applied Physics Laboratory Johns Hopkins University 11100 Johns Hopkins Road Laurel MD 20723 USA
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20
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Batista ATF, Baaziz W, Taleb AL, Chaniot J, Moreaud M, Legens C, Aguilar-Tapia A, Proux O, Hazemann JL, Diehl F, Chizallet C, Gay AS, Ersen O, Raybaud P. Atomic Scale Insight into the Formation, Size, and Location of Platinum Nanoparticles Supported on γ-Alumina. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana T. F. Batista
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Walid Baaziz
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne-Lise Taleb
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Johan Chaniot
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
- Université de Lyon, Université Jean Monnet de Saint-Etienne, CNRS UMR 5516, Laboratoire Hubert Curien, F-42000 Saint Etienne, France
| | - Maxime Moreaud
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
- Centre for Mathematical Morphology, MINES ParisTech, 77305 Fontainebleau, France
| | - Christèle Legens
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | | | - Olivier Proux
- OSUG, UMS 832 CNRS-Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Louis Hazemann
- Institut Néel, UPR 2940 CNRS-Université Grenoble Alpes, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Fabrice Diehl
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Céline Chizallet
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gay
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg, UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg, 67034 Strasbourg, France
| | - Pascal Raybaud
- IFP Energies nouvelles, Rond-point de l’échangeur de Solaize, BP 3, 69360 Solaize, France
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21
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Lawrence EL, Levin BDA, Miller BK, Crozier PA. Approaches to Exploring Spatio-Temporal Surface Dynamics in Nanoparticles with In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2020; 26:86-94. [PMID: 31858934 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927619015228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Many nanoparticles in fields such as heterogeneous catalysis undergo surface structural fluctuations during chemical reactions, which may control functionality. These dynamic structural changes may be ideally investigated with time-resolved in situ electron microscopy. We have explored approaches for extracting quantitative information from large time-resolved image data sets with a low signal to noise recorded with a direct electron detector on an aberration-corrected transmission electron microscope. We focus on quantitatively characterizing beam-induced dynamic structural rearrangements taking place on the surface of CeO2 (ceria). A 2D Gaussian fitting procedure is employed to determine the position and occupancy of each atomic column in the nanoparticle with a temporal resolution of 2.5 ms and a spatial precision of 0.25 Å. Local rapid lattice expansions/contractions and atomic migration were revealed to occur on the (100) surface, whereas (111) surfaces were relatively stable throughout the experiment. The application of this methodology to other materials will provide new insights into the behavior of nanoparticle surface reconstructions that were previously inaccessible using other methods, which will have important consequences for the understanding of dynamic structure-property relationships.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ethan L Lawrence
- School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ85287, USA
| | - Barnaby D A Levin
- School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ85287, USA
| | | | - Peter A Crozier
- School for the Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ85287, USA
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22
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Fu J, Gu Z, Liu Y, Zhang J, Song H, Yang Y, Yang Y, Noonan O, Tang J, Yu C. Bottom-up self-assembly of heterotrimeric nanoparticles and their secondary Janus generations. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10388-10394. [PMID: 32110328 PMCID: PMC6988604 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02961c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
A bottom-up self-assembly approach is developed for the synthesis of ABC type heterotrimeric nanoparticles, which can be converted into secondary Janus-type silica derivatives. Compared to spherical ones, Janus silica nanoparticles stimulate stronger phagocytosis and transcytosis through intestinal epithelial microfold cells and exhibit higher cargo transport across an in vitro epithelial monolayer model mimicking the human intestinal epithelium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianye Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
| | - Zhengying Gu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
| | - Yang Liu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
| | - Jun Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
| | - Hao Song
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
| | - Yannan Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
| | - Yang Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
| | - Owen Noonan
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
| | - Jie Tang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology , The University of Queensland , St Lucia , Brisbane , QLD 4072 , Australia . ;
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , East China Normal University , Shanghai 200241 , P. R. China .
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23
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Sorbier L, Moreaud M, Humbert S. Small-angle X-ray scattering intensity of multiscale models of spheres. J Appl Crystallogr 2019. [DOI: 10.1107/s1600576719013839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The different approaches found in the literature to compute small-angle X-ray scattering intensities of stochastic Boolean models from their analytical formulations or their numerical realizations are reviewed. The advantages and drawbacks of the methods for the interpretation of small-angle X-ray scattering curves are investigated. Examples of multiscale models built from union and intersection of Boolean models of spheres and from Gamma or lognormal radius distributions are given. The scattering intensity computed from projections of realizations of such models is compared with the intensity computed from their analytical covariance. It appears that computation from projection induces a strong finite-size effect with a relative constant variance equal to 0.5. Comparison of scattering intensities of an intersection of Boolean model and the corresponding Cox model shows only subtle differences.
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24
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Song H, Yang Y, Geng J, Gu Z, Zou J, Yu C. Electron Tomography: A Unique Tool Solving Intricate Hollow Nanostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1801564. [PMID: 30160340 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Innovations in nanofabrication have expedited advances in hollow-structured nanomaterials with increasing complexity, which, at the same time, set challenges for the precise determination of their intriguing and complicated 3D configurations. Conventional transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis typically yields 2D projections of 3D objects, which in some cases is insufficient to reflect the genuine architectures of these 3D nano-objects, providing misleading information. Advanced analytical approaches such as focused ion beam (FIB) and ultramicrotomy enable the real slicing of nanomaterials, realizing the direct observation of inner structures but with limited spatial discrimination. Electron tomography (ET) is a technique that retrieves spatial information from a series of 2D electron projections at different tilt angles. As a unique and powerful tool kit, this technique has experienced great advances in its application in materials science, resolving the intricate 3D nanostructures. Here, the exceptional capability of the ET technique in the structural, chemical, and quantitative analysis of hollow-structured nanomaterials is discussed in detail. The distinct information derived from ET analysis is highlighted and compared with conventional analysis methods. Along with the advances in microscopy technologies, the state-of-the-art ET technique offers great opportunities and promise in the development of hollow nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Song
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Yannan Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jing Geng
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Zhengying Gu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Jin Zou
- Materials Engineering and Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4072, Australia
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25
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Chai Y, Shang W, Li W, Wu G, Dai W, Guan N, Li L. Noble Metal Particles Confined in Zeolites: Synthesis, Characterization, and Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900299. [PMID: 31453060 PMCID: PMC6702632 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Revised: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Noble metal nanoparticles or subnanometric particles confined in zeolites, that is, metal@zeolite, represent an important type of functional materials with typical core-shell structure. This type of material is known for decades and recently became a research hotspot due to their emerging applications in various fields. Remarkable achievements are made dealing with the synthesis, characterization, and applications of noble metal particles confined in zeolites. Here, the most representative research progress in metal@zeolites is briefly reviewed, aiming to boost further research on this topic. For the synthesis of metal@zeolites, various strategies, such as direct synthesis from inorganic or ligand-assisted noble metal precursors, multistep postsynthesis encapsulation and ion-exchange followed by reduction, are introduced and compared. For the characterization of metal@zeolites, several most useful techniques, such as electron microscopy, X-ray based spectroscopy, infrared and fluorescence emission spectroscopy, are recommended to check the successful confinement of noble metal particles in zeolite matrix and their unique physiochemical properties. For the applications of metal@zeolites, catalysis and optics are involved with an emphasis on catalytic applications including the size-dependent catalytic properties, the sintering-resistance properties, the substrate shape-selective catalysis, and catalysis modulation by zeolite microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchao Chai
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350China
| | - Weixiang Shang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350China
| | - Weijie Li
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350China
| | - Guangjun Wu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Weili Dai
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Naijia Guan
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
| | - Landong Li
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNational Institute for Advanced MaterialsNankai UniversityTianjin300350China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Materials Chemistry of Ministry of EducationCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and EngineeringNankai UniversityTianjin300071China
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26
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Wang W, Svidrytski A, Wang D, Villa A, Hahn H, Tallarek U, Kübel C. Quantifying Morphology and Diffusion Properties of Mesoporous Carbon From High-Fidelity 3D Reconstructions. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2019; 25:891-902. [PMID: 31223100 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927619014600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
A reliable quantitative analysis in electron tomography, which depends on the segmentation of the three-dimensional reconstruction, is challenging because of constraints during tilt-series acquisition (missing wedge) and reconstruction artifacts introduced by reconstruction algorithms such as the Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique (SIRT) and Discrete Algebraic Reconstruction Technique (DART). We have carefully evaluated the fidelity of segmented reconstructions analyzing a disordered mesoporous carbon used as support in catalysis. Using experimental scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) tomography data as well as realistic phantoms, we have quantitatively analyzed the effect on the morphological description as well as on diffusion properties (based on a random-walk particle-tracking simulation) to understand the role of porosity in catalysis. The morphological description of the pore structure can be obtained reliably both using SIRT and DART reconstructions even in the presence of a limited missing wedge. However, the measured pore volume is sensitive to the threshold settings, which are difficult to define globally for SIRT reconstructions. This leads to noticeable variations of the diffusion coefficients in the case of SIRT reconstructions, whereas DART reconstructions resulted in more reliable data. In addition, the anisotropy of the determined diffusion properties was evaluated, which was significant in the presence of a limited missing wedge for SIRT and strongly reduced for DART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wu Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen,Germany
| | - Artur Svidrytski
- Department of Chemistry,Philipps-Universität Marburg,Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg,Germany
| | - Di Wang
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen,Germany
| | - Alberto Villa
- Dipartimento di Chimica,Università degli Studi Milano,via Golgi 19, 20133 Milano,Italy
| | - Horst Hahn
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen,Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry,Philipps-Universität Marburg,Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35032 Marburg,Germany
| | - Christian Kübel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen,Germany
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27
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Koneti S, Borges J, Roiban L, Rodrigues MS, Martin N, Epicier T, Vaz F, Steyer P. Electron Tomography of Plasmonic Au Nanoparticles Dispersed in a TiO 2 Dielectric Matrix. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:42882-42890. [PMID: 30457319 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b16436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) embedded into a TiO2 dielectric matrix were analyzed by combining two-dimensional and three-dimensional electron microscopy techniques. The preparation method was reactive magnetron sputtering, followed by thermal annealing treatments at 400 and 600 °C. The goal was to assess the nanostructural characteristics and correlate them with the optical properties of the AuNPs, particularly the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) behavior. High-angle annular dark field-scanning transmission electron microscopy results showed the presence of small-sized AuNPs (quantum size regime) in the as-deposited Au-TiO2 film, resulting in a negligible LSPR response. The in-vacuum thermal annealing at 400 °C induced the formation of intermediate-sized nanoparticles (NPs), in the range of 10-40 nm, which led to the appearance of a well-defined LSPR band, positioned at 636 nm. Electron tomography revealed that most of the NPs are small-sized and are embedded into the TiO2 matrix, whereas the larger NPs are located at the surface. Annealing at 600 °C promotes a bimodal size distribution with intermediate-sized NPs embedded in the matrix and big-sized NPs, up to 100 nm, appearing at the surface. The latter are responsible for a broadening and a redshift, to 645 nm, in the LSPR band because of increase of scattering-to-absorption ratio. Beyond differentiating and quantifying the surface and embedded NPs, electron tomography also provided the identification of "hot-spots". The presence of NPs at the surface, individual or in dimers, permits adsorption sites for LSPR sensing and for surface-enhanced spectroscopies, such as surface-enhanced Raman scattering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siddardha Koneti
- Université Lyon, INSA-Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510 , 21 Avenue Jean Capelle , 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex , France
| | - Joel Borges
- Centro de Física , Universidade do Minho , Campus de Gualtar , 4710 057 Braga , Portugal
| | - Lucian Roiban
- Université Lyon, INSA-Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510 , 21 Avenue Jean Capelle , 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex , France
| | - Marco S Rodrigues
- Centro de Física , Universidade do Minho , Campus de Gualtar , 4710 057 Braga , Portugal
| | - Nicolas Martin
- Institut FEMTO-ST, UMR 6174 CNRS, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté , 15B, Avenue des Montboucons , 25030 Besançon Cedex , France
| | - Thierry Epicier
- Université Lyon, INSA-Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510 , 21 Avenue Jean Capelle , 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex , France
| | - Filipe Vaz
- Centro de Física , Universidade do Minho , Campus de Gualtar , 4710 057 Braga , Portugal
| | - Philippe Steyer
- Université Lyon, INSA-Lyon, MATEIS UMR CNRS 5510 , 21 Avenue Jean Capelle , 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex , France
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28
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Kosinov N, Liu C, Hensen EJM, Pidko EA. Engineering of Transition Metal Catalysts Confined in Zeolites. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2018; 30:3177-3198. [PMID: 29861546 PMCID: PMC5973782 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.8b01311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal-zeolite composites are versatile catalytic materials for a wide range of industrial and lab-scale processes. Significant advances in fabrication and characterization of well-defined metal centers confined in zeolite matrixes have greatly expanded the library of available materials and, accordingly, their catalytic utility. In this review, we summarize recent developments in the field from the perspective of materials chemistry, focusing on synthesis, postsynthesis modification, (operando) spectroscopy characterization, and computational modeling of transition metal-zeolite catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolay Kosinov
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Delft University of
Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- E-mail: (N.K.)
| | - Chong Liu
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Delft University of
Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Emiel J. M. Hensen
- Schuit
Institute of Catalysis, Laboratory of Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- E-mail: (E.J.M.H.)
| | - Evgeny A. Pidko
- Inorganic
Systems Engineering Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty
of Applied Sciences, Delft University of
Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
- TheoMAT
group, ITMO University, Lomonosova str. 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia
- E-mail: (E.A.P.)
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29
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Wan W, Su J, Zou XD, Willhammar T. Transmission electron microscopy as an important tool for characterization of zeolite structures. Inorg Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8qi00806j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review presents various TEM techniques including electron diffraction, high-resolution TEM and scanning TEM imaging, and electron tomography and their applications for structure characterization of zeolite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- W. Wan
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- SE-106 91 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - J. Su
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- SE-106 91 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - X. D. Zou
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- SE-106 91 Stockholm
- Sweden
| | - T. Willhammar
- Inorganic and Structural Chemistry
- Department of Materials and Environmental Chemistry
- Stockholm University
- SE-106 91 Stockholm
- Sweden
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30
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Song H, Yu M, Lu Y, Gu Z, Yang Y, Zhang M, Fu J, Yu C. Plasmid DNA Delivery: Nanotopography Matters. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18247-18254. [PMID: 29151352 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Plasmid DNA molecules with unique loop structures have widespread bioapplications, in many cases relying heavily on delivery vehicles to introduce them into cells and achieve their functions. Herein, we demonstrate that control over delicate nanotopography of silica nanoparticles as plasmid DNA vectors has significant impact on the transfection efficacy. For silica nanoparticles with rambutan-, raspberry-, and flower-like morphologies composed of spike-, hemisphere-, and bowl-type subunit nanotopographies, respectively, the rambutan-like nanoparticles with spiky surfaces demonstrate the highest plasmid DNA binding capability and transfection efficacy of 88%, higher than those reported for silica-based nanovectors. Moreover, it is shown that the surface spikes of rambutan nanoparticles provide a continuous open space to bind DNA chains via multivalent interactions and protect the gene molecules sheltered in the spiky layer against nuclease degradation, exhibiting no significant transfection decay. This unique protection feature is in great contrast to a commercial transfection agent with similar transfection performance but poor protection capability against enzymatic cleavage. Our study provides new understandings in the rational design of nonviral vectors for efficient gene delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Song
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Meihua Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yao Lu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Zhengying Gu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Yannan Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Min Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Jianye Fu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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31
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Roiban L, Koneti S, Morfin F, Nguyen TS, Mascunan P, Aouine M, Epicier T, Piccolo L. Uncovering the 3 D Structure of Combustion-Synthesized Noble Metal-Ceria Nanocatalysts. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201701474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucian Roiban
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1; CNRS, MATEIS-UMR 5510, Bât. Blaise Pascal; 7 Avenue Jean Capelle F-69621 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Siddardha Koneti
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1; CNRS, MATEIS-UMR 5510, Bât. Blaise Pascal; 7 Avenue Jean Capelle F-69621 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Franck Morfin
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1; CNRS, Ircelyon-UMR 5256; 2 Avenue Albert Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Thanh-Son Nguyen
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1; CNRS, Ircelyon-UMR 5256; 2 Avenue Albert Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Pascale Mascunan
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1; CNRS, Ircelyon-UMR 5256; 2 Avenue Albert Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Mimoun Aouine
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1; CNRS, Ircelyon-UMR 5256; 2 Avenue Albert Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Thierry Epicier
- Univ Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1; CNRS, MATEIS-UMR 5510, Bât. Blaise Pascal; 7 Avenue Jean Capelle F-69621 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Laurent Piccolo
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard-Lyon 1; CNRS, Ircelyon-UMR 5256; 2 Avenue Albert Einstein F-69626 Villeurbanne Cedex France
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32
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Liu J. Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy in single-atom catalysis: Probing the catalytically active centers. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62900-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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33
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Baier S, Damsgaard CD, Klumpp M, Reinhardt J, Sheppard T, Balogh Z, Kasama T, Benzi F, Wagner JB, Schwieger W, Schroer CG, Grunwaldt JD. Stability of a Bifunctional Cu-Based Core@Zeolite Shell Catalyst for Dimethyl Ether Synthesis Under Redox Conditions Studied by Environmental Transmission Electron Microscopy and In Situ X-Ray Ptychography. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2017; 23:501-512. [PMID: 28376946 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927617000332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
When using bifunctional core@shell catalysts, the stability of both the shell and core-shell interface is crucial for catalytic applications. In the present study, we elucidate the stability of a CuO/ZnO/Al2O3@ZSM-5 core@shell material, used for one-stage synthesis of dimethyl ether from synthesis gas. The catalyst stability was studied in a hierarchical manner by complementary environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and in situ hard X-ray ptychography with a specially designed in situ cell. Both reductive activation and reoxidation were applied. The core-shell interface was found to be stable during reducing and oxidizing treatment at 250°C as observed by ETEM and in situ X-ray ptychography, although strong changes occurred in the core on a 10 nm scale due to the reduction of copper oxide to metallic copper particles. At 350°C, in situ X-ray ptychography indicated the occurrence of structural changes also on the µm scale, i.e. the core material and parts of the shell undergo restructuring. Nevertheless, the crucial core-shell interface required for full bifunctionality appeared to remain stable. This study demonstrates the potential of these correlative in situ microscopy techniques for hierarchically designed catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Baier
- 1Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,76131 Karlsruhe,Germany
| | - Christian D Damsgaard
- 2Center for Electron Nanoscopy,Technical University of Denmark,2800 Kgs. Lyngby,Denmark
| | - Michael Klumpp
- 4Institute of Chemical Reaction Engineering,Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),91058 Erlangen,Germany
| | - Juliane Reinhardt
- 5Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY,Notkestr. 85,22607 Hamburg,Germany
| | - Thomas Sheppard
- 1Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,76131 Karlsruhe,Germany
| | - Zoltan Balogh
- 2Center for Electron Nanoscopy,Technical University of Denmark,2800 Kgs. Lyngby,Denmark
| | - Takeshi Kasama
- 2Center for Electron Nanoscopy,Technical University of Denmark,2800 Kgs. Lyngby,Denmark
| | - Federico Benzi
- 1Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,76131 Karlsruhe,Germany
| | - Jakob B Wagner
- 2Center for Electron Nanoscopy,Technical University of Denmark,2800 Kgs. Lyngby,Denmark
| | - Wilhelm Schwieger
- 4Institute of Chemical Reaction Engineering,Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU),91058 Erlangen,Germany
| | | | - Jan-Dierk Grunwaldt
- 1Institute for Chemical Technology and Polymer Chemistry,Karlsruhe Institute of Technology,76131 Karlsruhe,Germany
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34
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Abbaraju PL, Meka AK, Song H, Yang Y, Jambhrunkar M, Zhang J, Xu C, Yu M, Yu C. Asymmetric Silica Nanoparticles with Tunable Head-Tail Structures Enhance Hemocompatibility and Maturation of Immune Cells. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:6321-6328. [PMID: 28440642 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b12622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Asymmetric mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) with controllable head-tail structures have been successfully synthesized. The head particle type is tunable (solid or porous), and the tail has dendritic large pores. The tail length and tail coverage on head particles are adjustable. Compared to spherical silica nanoparticles with a solid structure (Stöber spheres) or large-pore symmetrical MSNs with fully covered tails, asymmetrical head-tail MSNs (HTMSNs) show superior hemocompatibility due to reduced membrane deformation of red blood cells and decreased level of reactive oxygen species. Moreover, compared to Stöber spheres, asymmetrical HTMSNs exhibit a higher level of uptake and in vitro maturation of immune cells including dendritic cells and macrophage. This study has provided a new family of nanocarriers with potential applications in vaccine development and immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanna Lakshmi Abbaraju
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Anand Kumar Meka
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Hao Song
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Yannan Yang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Manasi Jambhrunkar
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Jun Zhang
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chun Xu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Meihua Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland , Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia
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35
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Vanhecke D, Rodríguez-Lorenzo L, Kinnear C, Durantie E, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Petri-Fink A. Assumption-free morphological quantification of single anisotropic nanoparticles and aggregates. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:4918-4927. [PMID: 28358404 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr07884b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Characterizing the morphometric parameters of noble metal nanoparticles for sensing and catalysis is a persistent challenge due to their small size and complex shape. Herein, we present an approach to determine the volume, surface area, and curvature of non-symmetric anisotropic nanoparticles using electron tomography and design-based stereology without the use of segmentation tools or modeling of the particles. Finally, we apply these tools to aggregates to estimate their fractal dimension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Vanhecke
- University of Fribourg, Adolphe Merkle Institute, Ch. des Verdiers 4, Fribourg, Switzerland.
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36
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37
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Yue Q, Zhang Y, Jiang Y, Li J, Zhang H, Yu C, Elzatahry AA, Alghamdi A, Deng Y, Zhao D. Nanoengineering of Core–Shell Magnetic Mesoporous Microspheres with Tunable Surface Roughness. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4954-4961. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qin Yue
- Department
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yongjian Jiang
- Department
of Pancreatic Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Jialuo Li
- Department
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | - Ahmed A. Elzatahry
- Materials
Science and Technology Program, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, PO
Box 2713, Doha, Qatar
| | - Abdulaziz Alghamdi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yonghui Deng
- Department
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- State
Key Lab of Transducer Technology, Shanghai Institute of Microsystem
and Information Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China
| | - Dongyuan Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers,
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, iChEM, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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38
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Mandal M, Liu C, Sanders T, Haso F, Bhadram V, Arslan I, Liu T, Fei Y, Landskron K. Title: Periodic Mesoporous Hexagonal Boron Nitride at High Pressure: A Route to Cubic Boron Nitride Nanocrystals and Mesoporous Cubic Boron Nitride. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201601925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manik Mandal
- Department of Chemistry; Lehigh University; Bethlehem PA 18015 USA
| | - Cong Liu
- Department of Chemistry; Lehigh University; Bethlehem PA 18015 USA
| | - Toby Sanders
- School of Math & Stat Sciences; Arizona State University; Tempe, AZ 85281 USA
| | - Fadi Haso
- Department of Polymer Science; University of Akron, OH; 44325 USA
| | - Venkata Bhadram
- Geophysical Laboratory; Carnegie Institution of Washington; Washington, DC 20015 USA
| | - Ilke Arslan
- Physical and Computational Sciences Directorate; Pacific Northwest National Laboratory; Richland, WA 99352 USA
| | - Tianbo Liu
- Department of Polymer Science; University of Akron, OH; 44325 USA
| | - Yingwei Fei
- Geophysical Laboratory; Carnegie Institution of Washington; Washington, DC 20015 USA
| | - Kai Landskron
- Department of Chemistry; Lehigh University; Bethlehem PA 18015 USA
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39
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Zhong J, Han J, Wei Y, Tian P, Guo X, Song C, Liu Z. Recent advances of the nano-hierarchical SAPO-34 in the methanol-to-olefin (MTO) reaction and other applications. Catal Sci Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cy01466j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and catalytic applications of nano-hierarchical SAPO-34 for MTO conversion have received great significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhong
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins
- State Energy Low Carbon Catalysis and Engineering R&D Center
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Jingfeng Han
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins
- State Energy Low Carbon Catalysis and Engineering R&D Center
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yingxu Wei
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins
- State Energy Low Carbon Catalysis and Engineering R&D Center
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Peng Tian
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins
- State Energy Low Carbon Catalysis and Engineering R&D Center
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Chunshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals
- PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Methanol to Olefins
- State Energy Low Carbon Catalysis and Engineering R&D Center
- Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy
- iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials)
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences
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40
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Gontard LC, Cintas J, Borkowski RED. The benefit of thresholding carbon layers in electron tomographic tilt series by intensity downshifting. J Microsc 2016; 265:298-306. [PMID: 27883182 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
When performing electron tomography, tilt series of images are often acquired from samples that contain unwanted carbonaceous material, such as an embedding resin, a thin carbon support film or hydrocarbon contamination. The presence of such layers can introduce artefacts in reconstructions, obscuring features of interest. Here, we illustrate the benefit of preprocessing a high-angle annular dark-field tomographic tilt series by thresholding unwanted low-density materials using a simple intensity downshifting procedure. The resulting tomograms have fewer artefacts and segmentation can be performed more accurately. We present two representative examples taken from studies of catalyst nanoparticles and amyloid plaque core material from the human brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel C Gontard
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Cádiz, Puerto Real, Spain
| | - Jesús Cintas
- Servicio de Microscopía Centro de Investigación, Tecnología e Innovación (CITIUS), Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Rafal E Dunin Borkowski
- Ernst Ruska-Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons and Peter Grünberg Institute, Jülich, Germany
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41
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A methodology for finding the optimal iteration number of the SIRT algorithm for quantitative Electron Tomography. Ultramicroscopy 2016; 173:36-46. [PMID: 27907830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultramic.2016.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The SIRT (Simultaneous Iterative Reconstruction Technique) algorithm is commonly used in Electron Tomography to calculate the original volume of the sample from noisy images, but the results provided by this iterative procedure are strongly dependent on the specific implementation of the algorithm, as well as on the number of iterations employed for the reconstruction. In this work, a methodology for selecting the iteration number of the SIRT reconstruction that provides the most accurate segmentation is proposed. The methodology is based on the statistical analysis of the intensity profiles at the edge of the objects in the reconstructed volume. A phantom which resembles a a carbon black aggregate has been created to validate the methodology and the SIRT implementations of two free software packages (TOMOJ and TOMO3D) have been used.
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Roiban L, Ersen O, Hirlimann C, Drillon M, Chaumonnot A, Lemaitre L, Gay AS, Sorbier L. Three-Dimensional Analytical Surface Quantification of Heterogeneous Silica-Alumina Catalyst Supports. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucian Roiban
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS); UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS); 23 rue du Lœss 67037 Cedex 08 Strasbourg France
- IFPEnergies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize; BP 3 69360 Solaize France
- Université de Lyon; INSA-Lyon; MATEIS; SNMS; 7 Avenue Jean Capelle 69621 Villeurbanne Cedex France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS); UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS); 23 rue du Lœss 67037 Cedex 08 Strasbourg France
| | - Charles Hirlimann
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS); UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS); 23 rue du Lœss 67037 Cedex 08 Strasbourg France
| | - Marc Drillon
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS); UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS); 23 rue du Lœss 67037 Cedex 08 Strasbourg France
| | - Alexandra Chaumonnot
- IFPEnergies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize; BP 3 69360 Solaize France
| | - Laurent Lemaitre
- IFPEnergies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize; BP 3 69360 Solaize France
| | - Anne-Sophie Gay
- IFPEnergies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize; BP 3 69360 Solaize France
| | - Loïc Sorbier
- IFPEnergies nouvelles, Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize; BP 3 69360 Solaize France
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43
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Song H, Ahmad Nor Y, Yu M, Yang Y, Zhang J, Zhang H, Xu C, Mitter N, Yu C. Silica Nanopollens Enhance Adhesion for Long-Term Bacterial Inhibition. J Am Chem Soc 2016; 138:6455-62. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Song
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Yusilawati Ahmad Nor
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Meihua Yu
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Yannan Yang
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Jun Zhang
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Hongwei Zhang
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Chun Xu
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Neena Mitter
- Queensland
Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
| | - Chengzhong Yu
- Australian
Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
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de Winter DA, Meirer F, Weckhuysen BM. FIB-SEM Tomography Probes the Mesoscale Pore Space of an Individual Catalytic Cracking Particle. ACS Catal 2016; 6:3158-3167. [PMID: 27453799 PMCID: PMC4954740 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b00302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 04/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The overall performance of a catalyst particle strongly depends on the ability of mass transport through its pore space. Characterizing the three-dimensional structure of the macro- and mesopore space of a catalyst particle and establishing a correlation with transport efficiency is an essential step toward designing highly effective catalyst particles. In this work, a generally applicable workflow is presented to characterize the transport efficiency of individual catalyst particles. The developed workflow involves a multiscale characterization approach making use of a focused ion beam-scanning electron microscope (FIB-SEM). SEM imaging is performed on cross sections of 10.000 μm2, visualizing a set of catalyst particles, while FIB-SEM tomography visualized the pore space of a large number of 8 μm3 cubes (subvolumes) of individual catalyst particles. Geometrical parameters (porosity, pore connectivity, and heterogeneity) of the material were used to generate large numbers of virtual 3D volumes resembling the sample's pore space characteristics, while being suitable for computationally demanding transport simulations. The transport ability, defined as the ratio of unhindered flow over hindered flow, is then determined via transport simulations through the virtual volumes. The simulation results are used as input for an upscaling routine based on an analogy with electrical networks, taking into account the spatial heterogeneity of the pore space over greater length scales. This novel approach is demonstrated for two distinct types of industrially manufactured fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) particles with zeolite Y as the active cracking component. Differences in physicochemical and catalytic properties were found to relate to differences in heterogeneities in the spatial porosity distribution. In addition to the characterization of existing FCC particles, our method of correlating pore space with transport efficiency does also allow for an up-front evaluation of the transport efficiency of new designs of FCC catalyst particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- D. A.
Matthijs de Winter
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Florian Meirer
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bert M. Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis
Group, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
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Roiban L, Sorbier L, Hirlimann C, Ersen O. 3 D Chemical Distribution of Titania-Alumina Catalyst Supports Prepared by the Swing-pH Method. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucian Roiban
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg; Université de Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 43 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
- IFP Energies nouvelles; Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize France
- Université de Lyon, INSA-Lyon, MATEIS, SNMS; 7 Avenue Jean Capelle 69621 Villeurbanne cedex France
| | - Loïc Sorbier
- IFP Energies nouvelles; Rond-point de l'échangeur de Solaize, BP 3 69360 Solaize France
| | - Charles Hirlimann
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg; Université de Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 43 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg; Université de Strasbourg; 23 rue du Loess, BP 43 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2 France
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46
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Carenco S, Moldovan S, Roiban L, Florea I, Portehault D, Vallé K, Belleville P, Boissière C, Rozes L, Mézailles N, Drillon M, Sanchez C, Ersen O. The core contribution of transmission electron microscopy to functional nanomaterials engineering. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:1260-1279. [PMID: 26674446 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr05460e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Research on nanomaterials and nanostructured materials is burgeoning because their numerous and versatile applications contribute to solve societal needs in the domain of medicine, energy, environment and STICs. Optimizing their properties requires in-depth analysis of their structural, morphological and chemical features at the nanoscale. In a transmission electron microscope (TEM), combining tomography with electron energy loss spectroscopy and high-magnification imaging in high-angle annular dark-field mode provides access to all features of the same object. Today, TEM experiments in three dimensions are paramount to solve tough structural problems associated with nanoscale matter. This approach allowed a thorough morphological description of silica fibers. Moreover, quantitative analysis of the mesoporous network of binary metal oxide prepared by template-assisted spray-drying was performed, and the homogeneity of amino functionalized metal-organic frameworks was assessed. Besides, the morphology and internal structure of metal phosphide nanoparticles was deciphered, providing a milestone for understanding phase segregation at the nanoscale. By extrapolating to larger classes of materials, from soft matter to hard metals and/or ceramics, this approach allows probing small volumes and uncovering materials characteristics and properties at two or three dimensions. Altogether, this feature article aims at providing (nano)materials scientists with a representative set of examples that illustrates the capabilities of modern TEM and tomography, which can be transposed to their own research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Carenco
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Simona Moldovan
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
| | - Lucian Roiban
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
| | - Ileana Florea
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
| | - David Portehault
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | | | | | - Cédric Boissière
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Laurence Rozes
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Nicolas Mézailles
- Laboratoire Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée, Université Paul Sabatier, UMR CNRS 5069, 118, route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex 9, France
| | - Marc Drillon
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
| | - Clément Sanchez
- Sorbonne Universités, UPMC Univ Paris 06, CNRS, Collège de France, Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de Paris, 11 place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Ovidiu Ersen
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS), UMR 7504 CNRS-Université de Strasbourg (UdS), 23 rue du Loess, 67037 Strasbourg Cedex 08, France.
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47
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Zanaga D, Bleichrodt F, Altantzis T, Winckelmans N, Palenstijn WJ, Sijbers J, de Nijs B, van Huis MA, Sánchez-Iglesias A, Liz-Marzán LM, van Blaaderen A, Batenburg KJ, Bals S, Van Tendeloo G. Quantitative 3D analysis of huge nanoparticle assemblies. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:292-9. [PMID: 26607629 PMCID: PMC4819762 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr06962a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/18/2015] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle assemblies can be investigated in 3 dimensions using electron tomography. However, it is not straightforward to obtain quantitative information such as the number of particles or their relative position. This becomes particularly difficult when the number of particles increases. We propose a novel approach in which prior information on the shape of the individual particles is exploited. It improves the quality of the reconstruction of these complex assemblies significantly. Moreover, this quantitative Sparse Sphere Reconstruction approach yields directly the number of particles and their position as an output of the reconstruction technique, enabling a detailed 3D analysis of assemblies with as many as 10,000 particles. The approach can also be used to reconstruct objects based on a very limited number of projections, which opens up possibilities to investigate beam sensitive assemblies where previous reconstructions with the available electron tomography techniques failed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Zanaga
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Folkert Bleichrodt
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Science Park 123, NL-1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Thomas Altantzis
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Naomi Winckelmans
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Willem Jan Palenstijn
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Science Park 123, NL-1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jan Sijbers
- iMinds-Visionlab, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bart de Nijs
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marijn A van Huis
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ana Sánchez-Iglesias
- Bionanoplasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia - San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Luis M Liz-Marzán
- Bionanoplasmonics Laboratory, CIC biomaGUNE, Paseo de Miramón 182, 20009 Donostia - San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Alfons van Blaaderen
- Soft Condensed Matter, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - K Joost Batenburg
- Centrum Wiskunde & Informatica, Science Park 123, NL-1098XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Bals
- EMAT, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium.
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48
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Roiban L, Foray G, Rong Q, Perret A, Ihiawakrim D, Masenelli-Varlot K, Maire E, Yrieix B. Advanced three dimensional characterization of silica-based ultraporous materials. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra26014k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Whatever the field of application in building, transportation, packaging, etc., the energy losses must be reduced. In this context, the development of superinsulating materials is mandatory. Ultra-porous silica aerogels are good candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Roiban
- Université de Lyon
- INSA-Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS UMR-5510
- MATEIS
| | - G. Foray
- Université de Lyon
- INSA-Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS UMR-5510
- MATEIS
| | - Q. Rong
- Université de Lyon
- INSA-Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS UMR-5510
- MATEIS
| | - A. Perret
- Université de Lyon
- INSA-Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS UMR-5510
- MATEIS
| | - D. Ihiawakrim
- Institut de Physique et Chimie de Matériaux (IPCMS)
- CNRS-UMR 7504
- Université de Strasbourg
- 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2
- France
| | - K. Masenelli-Varlot
- Université de Lyon
- INSA-Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS UMR-5510
- MATEIS
| | - E. Maire
- Université de Lyon
- INSA-Lyon
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- CNRS UMR-5510
- MATEIS
| | - B. Yrieix
- EDF R&D
- MMC
- 77818 Moret sur Loing Cedex
- France
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49
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Müllner T, Zankel A, Lv Y, Svec F, Höltzel A, Tallarek U. Assessing structural correlations and heterogeneity length scales in functional porous polymers from physical reconstructions. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2015; 27:6009-6013. [PMID: 26314251 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201502332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2015] [Revised: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A general, model-free, quantitative approach to the key morphological properties of a porous polymer monolith is presented. After 3D reconstruction, image-based analysis delivers detailed spatial and spatially correlated information on the structural heterogeneities in the void space and the polymer skeleton. Identified heterogeneities, which limit the monolith's performance in targeted applications, are traced back to the preparation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Müllner
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Department of Chemistry, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Armin Zankel
- Graz University of Technology, NAWI Graz, Institute for Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis and Center for Electron Microscopy, Steyrergasse 17, 8010, Graz, Austria
| | - Yongqin Lv
- International Research Center for Soft Matter, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Frantisek Svec
- International Research Center for Soft Matter, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, 100029, Beijing, China
| | - Alexandra Höltzel
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Department of Chemistry, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Philipps-Universität Marburg, Department of Chemistry, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4, 35032, Marburg, Germany
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50
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Prieto G, Schüth F. Bridging the gap between insightful simplicity and successful complexity: From fundamental studies on model systems to technical catalysts. J Catal 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2014.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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