1
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Tepaske MA, Fitterer A, Verplancke H, Delony D, Neben MC, de Bruin B, Holthausen MC, Schneider S. C-H Bond Activation by Iridium(III) and Iridium(IV) Oxo Complexes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202316729. [PMID: 38116899 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202316729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Oxidation of an iridium(III) oxo precursor enabled the structural, spectroscopic, and quantum-chemical characterization of the first well-defined iridium(IV) oxo complex. Side-by-side examination of the proton-coupled electron transfer thermochemistry revealed similar driving forces for the isostructural oxo complexes in two redox states due to compensating contributions from H+ and e- transfer. However, C-H activation of dihydroanthracene revealed significant hydrogen tunneling for the distinctly more basic iridium(III) oxo complex. Our findings complement the growing body of data that relate tunneling to ground state properties as predictors for the selectivity of C-H bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martijn A Tepaske
- Georg-August-Universität, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammanstraβe 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Arnd Fitterer
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straβe 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Hendrik Verplancke
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straβe 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Daniel Delony
- Georg-August-Universität, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammanstraβe 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Marc C Neben
- Georg-August-Universität, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammanstraβe 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Bas de Bruin
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis Group, van't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), Science Park 904, 1098XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Max C Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Goethe-Universität, Max-von-Laue-Straβe 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Georg-August-Universität, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammanstraβe 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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2
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Skjelstad BB, Helgaker T, Maeda S, Balcells D. Oxyl Character and Methane Hydroxylation Mechanism in Heterometallic M( O)Co 3O 4 Cubanes (M = Cr, Mn, Fe, Mo, Tc, Ru, and Rh). ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c03748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Bjerkem Skjelstad
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Trygve Helgaker
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Satoshi Maeda
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - David Balcells
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1033, Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
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3
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Eisenstein O. From the Felkin‐Anh Rule to the Grignard Reaction: an Almost Circular 50 Year Adventure in the World of Molecular Structures and Reaction Mechanisms with Computational Chemistry**. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Odile Eisenstein
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, 34095 France Department of Chemistry and Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences University of Oslo Oslo 0315 Norway
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4
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Truong PT, Miller SG, McLaughlin Sta Maria EJ, Bowring MA. Large Isotope Effects in Organometallic Chemistry. Chemistry 2021; 27:14800-14815. [PMID: 34347912 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202102189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The kinetic isotope effect (KIE) is key to understanding reaction mechanisms in many areas of chemistry and chemical biology, including organometallic chemistry. This ratio of rate constants, kH /kD , typically falls between 1-7. However, KIEs up to 105 have been reported, and can even be so large that reactivity with deuterium is unobserved. We collect here examples of large KIEs across organometallic chemistry, in catalytic and stoichiometric reactions, along with their mechanistic interpretations. Large KIEs occur in proton transfer reactions such as protonation of organometallic complexes and clusters, protonolysis of metal-carbon bonds, and dihydrogen reactivity. C-H activation reactions with large KIEs occur with late and early transition metals, photogenerated intermediates, and abstraction by metal-oxo complexes. We categorize the mechanistic interpretations of large KIEs into the following three types: (a) proton tunneling, (b) compound effects from multiple steps, and (c) semi-classical effects on a single step. This comprehensive collection of large KIEs in organometallics provides context for future mechanistic interpretation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phan T Truong
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97222
| | - Sophia G Miller
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97222
| | | | - Miriam A Bowring
- Department of Chemistry, Reed College, 3203 SE Woodstock Blvd., Portland, OR 97222
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5
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Guzmán Santiago AJ, Brown CA, Sommer RD, Ison EA. Identification of key functionalization species in the Cp*Ir(III)-catalyzed- ortho halogenation of benzamides. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:16166-16174. [PMID: 32300762 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00565g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cp*Ir(iii) complexes have been shown to be effective for the halogenation of N,N-diisopropylbenzamides with N-halosuccinimide as a suitable halogen source. The optimized conditions for the iodination reaction consist of 0.5 mol% [Cp*IrCl2]2 in 1,2-dichloroethane at 60 °C for 1 h to form a variety of iodinated benzamides in high yields. Increasing the catalyst loading to 6 mol% and the time to 4 h enabled the bromination reaction of the same substrates. Reactivity was not observed for the chlorination of these substrates. A variety of functional groups on the para-position of the benzamide were well tolerated. Kinetic studies showed the reaction dependence is first order in iridium, positive order in benzamide, and zero order in N-iodosuccinimide. A KIE of 2.5 was obtained from an independent H/D kinetic isotope effect study. Computational studies (DFT-BP3PW91) indicate that a CMD mechanism is more likely than an oxidative addition pathway for the C-H bond activation step. The calculated functionalization step involves an Ir(v) species that is the result of oxidative addition of acetate hypoiodite that is generated in situ from N-iodosuccinimide and acetic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis J Guzmán Santiago
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarborough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA.
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6
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Woźniak Ł, Tan JF, Nguyen QH, Madron du Vigné A, Smal V, Cao YX, Cramer N. Catalytic Enantioselective Functionalizations of C–H Bonds by Chiral Iridium Complexes. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10516-10543. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz Woźniak
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jin-Fay Tan
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Qui-Hien Nguyen
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Adrien Madron du Vigné
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Vitalii Smal
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Yi-Xuan Cao
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Nicolai Cramer
- Laboratory of Asymmetric Catalysis and Synthesis, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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7
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Ikeda K, Mahyuddin MH, Shiota Y, Yoshizawa K. Active Catalyst for Methane Hydroxylation by an Iridium–Oxo Complex. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c01610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ikeda
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Muhammad Haris Mahyuddin
- Research Group of Advanced Functional Materials, Faculty of Industrial Technology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
- Research Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Jl. Ganesha 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering and Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Science (IRCCS), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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8
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Bo CB, Bu Q, Li X, Ma G, Wei D, Guo C, Dai B, Liu N. Highly Active and Robust Ruthenium Complexes Based on Hemilability of Hybrid Ligands for C–H Oxidation. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4324-4334. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c00025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Bo Bo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingqing Bu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue Li
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center of Computational Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ge Ma
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Donghui Wei
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Center of Computational Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng Guo
- Cancer Institute, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310009, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bin Dai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ning Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Chemical Engineering of Xinjiang Bingtuan, Shihezi University, North Fourth Road, Shihezi, Xinjiang 832003, People’s Republic of China
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9
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IKEDA K, MAHYUDDIN MH, SHIOTA Y, YOSHIZAWA K. Theoretical Suggestion of a Methane Hydroxylation Catalyst. JOURNAL OF COMPUTER CHEMISTRY-JAPAN 2020. [DOI: 10.2477/jccj.2021-0003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kei IKEDA
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihito SHIOTA
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazunari YOSHIZAWA
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering (IMCE), Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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10
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Madadkhani S, Allakhverdiev SI, Najafpour MM. An iridium-based nanocomposite prepared from an iridium complex with a hydrocarbon-based ligand. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02257h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
For the first time, a chlorobis(cyclooctene)iridium(i) dimer with only a simple hydrocarbon-based ligand is investigated as a heterogeneous catalyst for the oxygen-evolution reaction in the presence of cerium(iv) ammonium nitrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sepideh Madadkhani
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
| | - Suleyman I. Allakhverdiev
- K.A. Timiryazev Institute of Plant Physiology
- Russian Academy of Sciences
- Moscow 127276
- Russia
- Institute of Basic Biological Problems
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Najafpour
- Department of Chemistry
- Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS)
- Zanjan
- Iran
- Center of Climate Change and Global Warming
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11
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Ikeda K, Mahyuddin MH, Shiota Y, Staykov A, Matsumoto T, Ogo S, Yoshizawa K. Computational Study on the Light-Induced Oxidation of Iridium-Aqua Complex to Iridium-Oxo Complex over WO 3(001) Surface. Inorg Chem 2019; 59:415-422. [PMID: 31829576 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
An iridium aqua complex [IrIII(η5-C5Me5){bpy(COOH)2}(H2O)]2+ under visible light irradiation has been experimentally reported to form an iridium-oxo (Ir-oxo) complex [IrV(η5-C5Me5){bpy(COOH)2}(O)]2+, which oxidizes H2O to O2. However, the mechanism for the formation of this Ir-oxo complex remains unclear, due to the difficulties in observing the unstable Ir-oxo complex and computing light-induced systems having different numbers of electrons. In this study, we perform density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) calculations to investigate more in detail our previously proposed deprotonation and light-induced oxidation reactions composing the formation of the Ir-oxo complex. In particular, we discuss effects of light irradiation and WO3 support on the formation of the Ir-oxo complex. We suggest two distinct mechanisms, that is, direct and indirect for the light-induced oxidation. In the direct mechanism electrons are directly transferred from the occupied π* orbitals of IrIII-OH or IrIV=O• to the conduction band of the WO3 surface, whereas in the indirect mechanism electrons are first excited from the valence band to the conduction band of the WO3 surface due to the UV light, and then the resultant electron hole oxidizes the Ir complex. In the direct mechanism, in particular, we found that the lowest energy of the anode's conduction band determines the adsorption wavelength of the light irradiation, enabling us to predict alternative semiconductor anodes for more efficient formation of the Ir-oxo complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kei Ikeda
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Muhammad Haris Mahyuddin
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Yoshihito Shiota
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Aleksandar Staykov
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Takahiro Matsumoto
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Center for Small Molecule Energy , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Seiji Ogo
- International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Center for Small Molecule Energy , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
| | - Kazunari Yoshizawa
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,International Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER) , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Engineering , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan.,Center for Small Molecule Energy , Kyushu University , Fukuoka 819-0395 , Japan
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12
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Mondal S, Naik PK, Adha JK, Kar S. Synthesis, characterization, and reactivities of high valent metal–corrole (M = Cr, Mn, and Fe) complexes. Coord Chem Rev 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2019.213043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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13
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Abstract
Metal-oxyl (Mn+-O•) complexes having an oxyl radical ligand, which are electronically equivalent to well-known metal-oxo (M(n+1)+═O) complexes, are surveyed as a new category of metal-based oxidants. Detection and characterization of Mn+-O• species have been made in some cases, although proposals and characterization of the species are mostly done on the basis of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The reactivity of Mn+-O• complexes will provide a way to achieve potentially difficult oxidative conversion of substrates. This Viewpoint will provide state-of-the-art knowledge on the Mn+-O• species in terms of the formation, characterization, and DFT-based proposals to shed light on the characteristics of the intriguing oxidatively active species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihiro Shimoyama
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8571 , Japan.,Interdisciplinary Research Center for Catalytic Chemistry , National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8565 , Japan
| | - Takahiko Kojima
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences , University of Tsukuba , Tsukuba , Ibaraki 305-8571 , Japan
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14
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Delony D, Kinauer M, Diefenbach M, Demeshko S, Würtele C, Holthausen MC, Schneider S. A Terminal Iridium Oxo Complex with a Triplet Ground State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201905325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Delony
- Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Markus Kinauer
- Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Martin Diefenbach
- Goethe-Universität FrankfurtInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
| | - Max C. Holthausen
- Goethe-Universität FrankfurtInstitut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 60438 Frankfurt am Main Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Universität GöttingenInstitut für Anorganische Chemie Tammannstr. 4 37077 Göttingen Germany
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15
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Delony D, Kinauer M, Diefenbach M, Demeshko S, Würtele C, Holthausen MC, Schneider S. A Terminal Iridium Oxo Complex with a Triplet Ground State. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:10971-10974. [PMID: 31155825 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201905325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A terminal iridium oxo complex with an open-shell (S=1) ground state was isolated upon hydrogen atom transfer (HAT) from the respective iridium(II) hydroxide. Electronic structure examinations support large spin delocalization to the oxygen atom. Selected oxo transfer reactions indicate the ambiphilic reactivity of the iridium oxo moiety. Calorimetric and computational examinations of the HAT revealed a bond dissociation free energy for the IrO-H bond that is sufficient for hydrogen atom abstraction towards C-H bonds and small contributions from entropy and spin-orbit coupling to the HAT thermochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Delony
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr. 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Kinauer
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr. 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Martin Diefenbach
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr. 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Christian Würtele
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr. 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Max C Holthausen
- Goethe-Universität Frankfurt, Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Max-von-Laue-Str. 7, 60438, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Universität Göttingen, Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Tammannstr. 4, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
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16
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Wright AM, Pahls DR, Gary JB, Warner T, Williams JZ, M Knapp SM, Allen KE, Landis CR, Cundari TR, Goldberg KI. Experimental and Computational Investigation of the Aerobic Oxidation of a Late Transition Metal-Hydride. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:10830-10843. [PMID: 31259542 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b04706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The rational development of homogeneous catalytic systems for selective aerobic oxidations of organics has been hampered by the limited available knowledge of how oxygen reacts with important organometallic intermediates. Recently, several mechanisms for oxygen insertion into late transition metal-hydride bonds have been described. Contributing to this nascent understanding of how oxygen reacts with metal-hydrides, a detailed mechanistic study of the reaction of oxygen with the IrIII hydride complex (dmPhebox)Ir(OAc)(H) (1) in the presence of acetic acid, which proceeds to form the IrIII complex (dmPhebox)Ir(OAc)2(OH2) (2), is described. The evidence supports a multifaceted mechanism wherein a small amount of an initially formed metal hydroperoxide proceeds to generate a metal-oxyl species that then initiates a radical chain reaction to rapidly convert the remaining IrIII-H. Insight into the initiation step was gained through kinetic and mechanistic studies of the radical chain inhibition by BHT (butylated hydroxytoluene). Computational studies were employed to contribute to a further understanding of initiation and propagation in this system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley M Wright
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Dale R Pahls
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - J Brannon Gary
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , Stephen F. Austin State University , P.O. Box 13006, SFA Station , Nacogdoches , Texas 75962-3006 , United States
| | - Theresa Warner
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - Jacob Z Williams
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - Spring Melody M Knapp
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53719 , United States
| | - Kate E Allen
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States
| | - Clark R Landis
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison , Wisconsin 53719 , United States
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM) , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - Karen I Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry , University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle , Washington 98195-1700 , United States.,Department of Chemistry , University of Pennsylvania , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania 19104 , United States
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17
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Li P, Liu JB, Han S, Deng W, Yao ZJ. Half-sandwich Ir (III) and Rh (III) complexes as catalysts for water oxidation with double-site. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Li
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Jin-Bao Liu
- Department of Science and Technology; Shanghai Urban Construction Vocational College; Shanghai 201415 China
| | - Sheng Han
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Wei Deng
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
| | - Zi-Jian Yao
- School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering; Shanghai Institute of Technology; Shanghai 201418 China
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 China
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18
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Dutta M, Bania KK, Pratihar S. Remote ‘Imidazole’ Based Ruthenium(II)
p
‐Cymene Precatalyst for Selective Oxidative Cleavage of C−C Multiple Bonds. ChemCatChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201900242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Manali Dutta
- Department of Chemical SciencesTezpur University, Napaam Assam-784028 India
| | - Kusum Kumar Bania
- Department of Chemical SciencesTezpur University, Napaam Assam-784028 India
| | - Sanjay Pratihar
- Department of Chemical SciencesTezpur University, Napaam Assam-784028 India
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19
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Puerta-Oteo R, Jiménez MV, Pérez-Torrente JJ. Molecular water oxidation catalysis by zwitterionic carboxylate bridge-functionalized bis-NHC iridium complexes. Catal Sci Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cy02306a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Carboxylate functionalized bis-NHC ligands allow for the stabilization of high-valent iridium intermediate species involved in homogeneous water oxidation catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Puerta-Oteo
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza-CSIC
- Facultad de Ciencias
- 50009 Zaragoza
| | - M. Victoria Jiménez
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza-CSIC
- Facultad de Ciencias
- 50009 Zaragoza
| | - Jesús J. Pérez-Torrente
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH-CSIC)
- University of Zaragoza-CSIC
- Facultad de Ciencias
- 50009 Zaragoza
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20
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Gao W, Cardenal AD, Wang C, Powers DC. In Operando Analysis of Diffusion in Porous Metal‐Organic Framework Catalysts. Chemistry 2018; 25:3465-3476. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Yang Gao
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Ashley D. Cardenal
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - Chen‐Hao Wang
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
| | - David C. Powers
- Department of Chemistry Texas A&M University 3255 TAMU College Station TX 77843 USA
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21
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Xu S, Huang B, Qiao G, Huang Z, Zhang Z, Li Z, Wang P, Zhang Z. Rh(III)-Catalyzed C-H Activation of Boronic Acid with Aryl Azide. Org Lett 2018; 20:5578-5582. [PMID: 30179495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A Rh(III)-catalyzed C-H activation of boronic acid with aryl azide to obtain unsymmetric carbazoles, 1 H-indoles, or indolines has been developed. The reaction constructs dual distinct C-N bonds via sp2/sp3 C-H activation and rhodium nitrene insertion. Synthetically, this approach represents an access to widely used carbazole derivatives. The practical application to CBP and unsymmetric TCTA derivatives has also been performed. Mechanistic experiments and DFT calculations demonstrate that a five-membered rhodacycle species is the key intermediate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyang Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, and Department of Applied Chemistry , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Baoliang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, and Department of Applied Chemistry , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Guanyu Qiao
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, and Department of Applied Chemistry , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Ziyue Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, and Department of Applied Chemistry , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, and Department of Applied Chemistry , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Zongyang Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, and Department of Applied Chemistry , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Peng Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, and Department of Applied Chemistry , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
| | - Zhenhua Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, and Department of Applied Chemistry , China Agricultural University , Beijing 100193 , China
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22
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Li T, Wang Z, Liu K, Xing S, Zhu B. Reactivity of Alkyne Insertion and Catalytic Activity of Five‐ and Six‐Membered Cyclometalated Phosphine Complexes of Iridium. Eur J Inorg Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201800412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tongyu Li
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules Key Laboratory of InorganicOrganic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules Key Laboratory of InorganicOrganic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Liu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules Key Laboratory of InorganicOrganic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Siyang Xing
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules Key Laboratory of InorganicOrganic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin People's Republic of China
| | - Bolin Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules Key Laboratory of InorganicOrganic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry Tianjin Normal University 300387 Tianjin People's Republic of China
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23
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Kinauer M, Diefenbach M, Bamberger H, Demeshko S, Reijerse EJ, Volkmann C, Würtele C, van Slageren J, de Bruin B, Holthausen MC, Schneider S. An iridium(iii/iv/v) redox series featuring a terminal imido complex with triplet ground state. Chem Sci 2018; 9:4325-4332. [PMID: 29780564 PMCID: PMC5944377 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01113c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The iridium(iii/iv/v) imido redox series [Ir(NtBu){N(CHCHPtBu2)2}]0/+/2+ was synthesized and examined spectroscopically, magnetically, crystallographically and computationally. The monocationic iridium(iv) imide exhibits an electronic doublet ground state with considerable 'imidyl' character as a result of covalent Ir-NtBu bonding. Reduction gives the neutral imide [Ir(NtBu){N(CHCHPtBu2)2}] as the first example of an iridium complex with a triplet ground state. Its reactivity with respect to nitrene transfer to selected electrophiles (CO2) and nucleophiles (PMe3), respectively, is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Kinauer
- Universität Göttingen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Tammannstr. 4 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany .
| | - Martin Diefenbach
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Goethe-Universität , Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 , 60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany
| | - Heiko Bamberger
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Universität Göttingen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Tammannstr. 4 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany .
| | - Edward J Reijerse
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion , Stiftstr. 34-36 , 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr , Germany
| | - Christian Volkmann
- Universität Göttingen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Tammannstr. 4 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany .
| | - Christian Würtele
- Universität Göttingen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Tammannstr. 4 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany .
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie , Universität Stuttgart , Pfaffenwaldring 55 , D-70569 Stuttgart , Germany
| | - Bas de Bruin
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS) , University of Amsterdam , The Netherlands .
| | - Max C Holthausen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie , Goethe-Universität , Max-von-Laue-Str. 7 , 60438 Frankfurt am Main , Germany
| | - Sven Schneider
- Universität Göttingen , Institut für Anorganische Chemie , Tammannstr. 4 , 37077 Göttingen , Germany .
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24
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Hong SY, Park Y, Hwang Y, Kim YB, Baik MH, Chang S. Selective formation of γ-lactams via C-H amidation enabled by tailored iridium catalysts. Science 2018; 359:1016-1021. [PMID: 29496875 DOI: 10.1126/science.aap7503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 01/05/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Intramolecular insertion of metal nitrenes into carbon-hydrogen bonds to form γ-lactam rings has traditionally been hindered by competing isocyanate formation. We report the application of theory and mechanism studies to optimize a class of pentamethylcyclopentadienyl iridium(III) catalysts for suppression of this competing pathway. Modulation of the stereoelectronic properties of the auxiliary bidentate ligands to be more electron-donating was suggested by density functional theory calculations to lower the C-H insertion barrier favoring the desired reaction. These catalysts transform a wide range of 1,4,2-dioxazol-5-ones, carbonylnitrene precursors easily accessible from carboxylic acids, into the corresponding γ-lactams via sp3 and sp2 C-H amidation with exceptional selectivity. The power of this method was further demonstrated by the successful late-stage functionalization of amino acid derivatives and other bioactive molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Youn Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea, and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsu Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea, and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongyu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea, and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeong Bum Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea, and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Mu-Hyun Baik
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea, and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
| | - Sukbok Chang
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea, and Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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25
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Sang R, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Wu X, Wang Q, Hai L, Wu Y. Palladium-catalyzed direct C–H ethoxycarbonylation of 2-aryl-1,2,3-triazoles and efficient synthesis of suvorexant. Org Chem Front 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7qo00945c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Palladium-catalyzed direct ethoxycarbonylation with diethyl azodicarboxylate was developed and its reaction mechanism was explored by using DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Sang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Yang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Hailong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Xiaohua Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Qiantao Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Li Hai
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
| | - Yong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Targeting and Drug Delivery System of Ministry of Education
- West China School of Pharmacy
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
- China
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26
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Sackville EV, Kociok-Köhn G, Hintermair U. Ligand Tuning in Pyridine-Alkoxide Ligated Cp*IrIII Oxidation Catalysts. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.7b00492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Emma V. Sackville
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Gabriele Kociok-Köhn
- Chemical
Characterisation and Analysis Facility, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Ulrich Hintermair
- Centre
for Sustainable Chemical Technologies, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2
7AY, United Kingdom
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27
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Sinha SB, Shopov DY, Sharninghausen LS, Stein CJ, Mercado BQ, Balcells D, Pedersen TB, Reiher M, Brudvig GW, Crabtree RH. Redox Activity of Oxo-Bridged Iridium Dimers in an N,O-Donor Environment: Characterization of Remarkably Stable Ir(IV,V) Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2017. [PMID: 28648068 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b04874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Chemical and electrochemical oxidation or reduction of our recently reported Ir(IV,IV) mono-μ-oxo dimers results in the formation of fully characterized Ir(IV,V) and Ir(III,III) complexes. The Ir(IV,V) dimers are unprecedented and exhibit remarkable stability under ambient conditions. This stability and modest reduction potential of 0.99 V vs NHE is in part attributed to complete charge delocalization across both Ir centers. Trends in crystallographic bond lengths and angles shed light on the structural changes accompanying oxidation and reduction. The similarity of these mono-μ-oxo dimers to our Ir "blue solution" water-oxidation catalyst gives insight into potential reactive intermediates of this structurally elusive catalyst. Additionally, a highly reactive material, proposed to be a Ir(V,V) μ-oxo species, is formed on electrochemical oxidation of the Ir(IV,V) complex in organic solvents at 1.9 V vs NHE. Spectroelectrochemistry shows reversible conversion between the Ir(IV,V) and proposed Ir(V,V) species without any degradation, highlighting the exceptional oxidation resistance of the 2-(2-pyridinyl)-2-propanolate (pyalk) ligand and robustness of these dimers. The Ir(III,III), Ir(IV,IV) and Ir(IV,V) redox states have been computationally studied both with DFT and multiconfigurational calculations. The calculations support the stability of these complexes and provide further insight into their electronic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shashi Bhushan Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Dimitar Y Shopov
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Liam S Sharninghausen
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Christopher J Stein
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Brandon Q Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - David Balcells
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Thomas Bondo Pedersen
- Centre for Theoretical and Computational Chemistry (CTCC), Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo , P.O. Box 1033 Blindern, N-0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Markus Reiher
- Laboratorium für Physikalische Chemie, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog Weg 2, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Gary W Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Robert H Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University , 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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28
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Zhang S, Wang H, Li M, Han J, Liu X, Gong J. Molecular heterogeneous catalysts derived from bipyridine-based organosilica nanotubes for C-H bond activation. Chem Sci 2017; 8:4489-4496. [PMID: 28970878 PMCID: PMC5618254 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00713b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous metal complex catalysts for direct C-H activation with high activity and durability have always been desired for transforming raw materials into feedstock chemicals. This study described the design and synthesis of one-dimensional organosilica nanotubes containing 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) ligands in the framework (BPy-NT) and their post-synthetic metalation to provide highly active and robust molecular heterogeneous catalysts. By adjusting the ratios of organosilane precursors, very short BPy-NT with ∼50 nm length could be controllably obtained. The post-synthetic metalation of bipyridine-functionalized nanotubes with [IrCp*Cl(μ-Cl)]2 (Cp* = η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) and [Ir(cod)(OMe)]2 (cod = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) afforded solid catalysts, IrCp*-BPy-NT and Ir(cod)-BPy-NT, which were utilized for C-H oxidation of heterocycles and cycloalkanes as well as C-H borylation of arenes. The cut-short nanotube catalysts displayed enhanced activities and durability as compared to the analogous homogeneous catalysts and other conventional heterogeneous catalysts, benefiting from the isolated active sites as well as the fast transport of substrates and products. After the reactions, a detailed characterization of Ir-immobilized BPy-NT via TEM, SEM, nitrogen adsorption, UV/vis, XPS, and 13C CP MAS NMR indicated the molecular nature of the active species as well as stable structures of nanotube scaffolds. This study demonstrates the potential of BPy-NT with a short length as an integration platform for the construction of efficient heterogeneous catalytic systems for organic transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China . ;
| | - Hua Wang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China . ;
| | - Mei Li
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China . ;
| | - Jinyu Han
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China . ;
| | - Xiao Liu
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China . ;
| | - Jinlong Gong
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of Ministry of Education , School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering , Tianjin 300072 , China . ;
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29
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Gupta SK, Choudhury J. A Mixed N-Heterocyclic Carbene/2,2′-Bipyridine-Supported Robust Ruthenium(II) Oxidation Precatalyst for Benzylic C−H Oxidation. ChemCatChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201700177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Suraj K. Gupta
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal 462 066 India
| | - Joyanta Choudhury
- Organometallics & Smart Materials Laboratory; Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal; Bhopal 462 066 India
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30
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Sun R, Zhang S, Chu X, Zhu B. Synthesis, Structures, and Reactivity of Cyclometalated Complexes Formed by Insertion of Alkynes into M–C (M = Ir and Rh) Bonds. Organometallics 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruichen Sun
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; Key Laboratory
of Inorganic−Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry,
Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Shaowei Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; Key Laboratory
of Inorganic−Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry,
Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Xiaodan Chu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; Key Laboratory
of Inorganic−Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry,
Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
| | - Bolin Zhu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of
Structure and Performance for Functional Molecules; Key Laboratory
of Inorganic−Organic Hybrid Functional Material Chemistry,
Ministry of Education; College of Chemistry, Tianjin Normal University, Tianjin 300387, PR China
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31
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Cardenal AD, Jeong Park H, Chalker CJ, Ortiz KG, Powers DC. cis-Decalin oxidation as a stereochemical probe of in-MOF versus on-MOF catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:7377-7380. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc02570j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Development of catalyst-controlled C–H hydroxylation could provide direct access to valuable synthetic targets, such as primary metabolites.
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32
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Huang DL, Vinyard DJ, Blakemore JD, Hashmi SM, Crabtree RH. Cp* versus Bis-carbonyl Iridium Precursors as CH Oxidation Precatalysts. Organometallics 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.6b00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daria L. Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - David J. Vinyard
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - James D. Blakemore
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 2010 Malott
Hall, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Sara M. Hashmi
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, 9 Hillhouse
Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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33
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Bloomfield AJ, Matula AJ, Mercado BQ, Batista VS, Crabtree RH. Organometallic Iridium Complex Containing a Dianionic, Tridentate, Mixed Organic–Inorganic Ligand. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8121-9. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aaron J. Bloomfield
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Adam J. Matula
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Brandon Q. Mercado
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
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34
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Materna KL, Rudshteyn B, Brennan BJ, Kane MH, Bloomfield AJ, Huang DL, Shopov DY, Batista VS, Crabtree RH, Brudvig GW. Heterogenized Iridium Water-Oxidation Catalyst from a Silatrane Precursor. ACS Catal 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.6b01101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly L. Materna
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Benjamin Rudshteyn
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Bradley J. Brennan
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Morgan H. Kane
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Aaron J. Bloomfield
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Daria L. Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Dimitar Y. Shopov
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Victor S. Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, United States
- Yale Energy Sciences
Institute, Yale University, West Haven, Connecticut 06516, United States
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35
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Jung J, Neu HM, Leeladee P, Siegler MA, Ohkubo K, Goldberg DP, Fukuzumi S. Photocatalytic Oxygenation of Substrates by Dioxygen with Protonated Manganese(III) Corrolazine. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:3218-28. [PMID: 26974004 PMCID: PMC4893963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
UV-vis spectral titrations of a manganese(III) corrolazine complex [Mn(III)(TBP8Cz)] with HOTf in benzonitrile (PhCN) indicate mono- and diprotonation of Mn(III)(TBP8Cz) to give Mn(III)(OTf)(TBP8Cz(H)) and [Mn(III)(OTf)(H2O)(TBP8Cz(H)2)][OTf] with protonation constants of 9.0 × 10(6) and 4.7 × 10(3) M(-1), respectively. The protonated sites of Mn(III)(OTf)(TBP8Cz(H)) and [Mn(III)(OTf)(H2O)(TBP8Cz(H)2)][OTf] were identified by X-ray crystal structures of the mono- and diprotonated complexes. In the presence of HOTf, the monoprotonated manganese(III) corrolazine complex [Mn(III)(OTf)(TBP8Cz(H))] acts as an efficient photocatalytic catalyst for the oxidation of hexamethylbenzene and thioanisole by O2 to the corresponding alcohol and sulfoxide with 563 and 902 TON, respectively. Femtosecond laser flash photolysis measurements of Mn(III)(OTf)(TBP8Cz(H)) and [Mn(III)(OTf)(H2O)(TBP8Cz(H)2)][OTf] in the presence of O2 revealed the formation of a tripquintet excited state, which was rapidly converted to a tripseptet excited state. The tripseptet excited state of Mn(III)(OTf)(TBP8Cz(H)) reacted with O2 with a diffusion-limited rate constant to produce the putative Mn(IV)(O2(•-))(OTf)(TBP8Cz(H)), whereas the tripseptet excited state of [Mn(III)(OTf)(H2O)(TBP8Cz(H)2)][OTf] exhibited no reactivity toward O2. In the presence of HOTf, Mn(V)(O)(TBP8Cz) can oxidize not only HMB but also mesitylene to the corresponding alcohols, accompanied by regeneration of Mn(III)(OTf)(TBP8Cz(H)). This thermal reaction was examined for a kinetic isotope effect, and essentially no KIE (1.1) was observed for the oxidation of mesitylene-d12, suggesting a proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET) mechanism is operative in this case. Thus, the monoprotonated manganese(III) corrolazine complex, Mn(III)(OTf)(TBP8Cz(H)), acts as an efficient photocatalyst for the oxidation of HMB by O2 to the alcohol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Heather M. Neu
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Pannee Leeladee
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Maxime A. Siegler
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - David P. Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- Department of Chemistry and Nano Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
- Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, ALCA and SEN TAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Nagoya, Aichi 468-0073, Japan
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36
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Li X, Che X, Chen GH, Zhang J, Yan JL, Zhang YF, Zhang LS, Hsu CP, Gao YQ, Shi ZJ. Direct Oxidation of Aliphatic C–H Bonds in Amino-Containing Molecules under Transition-Metal-Free Conditions. Org Lett 2016; 18:1234-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b03690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chao-Ping Hsu
- Academia Sinica, Institute of Chemistry, 128 Sect 2 Acad Road, Taipei 115, Taiwan
| | | | - Zhang-Jie Shi
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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37
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Yu WB, He QY, Shi HT, Wei X. Heterogeneous catalysis of water oxidation supported by a novel metallamacrocycle. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj02931g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Metallamacrocycles 1 and 2 were constructed, and 1 was further explored as a precatalyst for water oxidation, giving a good efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Bin Yu
- Analysis and Testing Central Facility
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Technology
- Maanshan 243002
- P. R. China
| | - Qing-Ya He
- Analysis and Testing Central Facility
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Technology
- Maanshan 243002
- P. R. China
| | - Hua-Tian Shi
- Analysis and Testing Central Facility
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Technology
- Maanshan 243002
- P. R. China
| | - Xianwen Wei
- Analysis and Testing Central Facility
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Anhui University of Technology
- Maanshan 243002
- P. R. China
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38
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Kerr ME, Ahmed I, Gunay A, Venditto NJ, Zhu F, Ison EA, Emmert MH. Non-directed, carbonate-mediated C–H activation and aerobic C–H oxygenation with Cp*Ir catalysts. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:9942-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt00234j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Carbonate additives enhance the activity of [Cp*Ir(H2O)3](OTf)2 for non-directed C–H activations and the aerobic C–H oxygenation of alkyl arenes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. E. Kerr
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
- Chemistry Department
| | - I. Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - A. Gunay
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - N. J. Venditto
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - F. Zhu
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - E. A. Ison
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - M. H. Emmert
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
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39
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Phadke N, Findlater M. Isomerization of Internal Alkynes to Iridium(III) Allene Complexes via C-H Bond Activation: Expanded Substrate Scope, and Progress towards a Catalytic Methodology. Molecules 2015; 20:20195-205. [PMID: 26569203 PMCID: PMC6332053 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201119686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Revised: 10/29/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The synthesis of a series of allene complexes (POCOP)Ir(η²-RC=(.)=CR') 1b-4b (POCOP = 2,6-bis(di-tert-butylphosphonito)benzene) via isomerization of internal alkynes is reported. We have demonstrated that the application of this methodology is viable for the isomerization of a wide variety of alkyne substrates. Deuterium labeling experiments support our proposed mechanism. The structures of the allene complexes 1b-4b were determined using spectroscopic data analysis. Additionally, the solid-state molecular structure of complex 2b was determined using single crystal X-ray diffraction studies and it confirmed the assignment of an iridium-bound allene isomerization product. The rates of isomerization were measured using NMR techniques over a range of temperatures to allow determination of thermodynamic parameters. Finally, we report a preliminary step towards developing a catalytic methodology; the allene may be liberated from the metal center by exposure of the complex to an atmosphere of carbon monoxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Phadke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA.
| | - Michael Findlater
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX 79409-1061, USA.
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40
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Zhou T, Li L, Li B, Song H, Wang B. Ir(III)-Catalyzed Oxidative Coupling of NH Isoquinolones with Benzoquinone. Org Lett 2015; 17:4204-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.5b01974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Baiquan Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of
Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, People’s Republic of China
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41
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Sperger T, Sanhueza IA, Kalvet I, Schoenebeck F. Computational Studies of Synthetically Relevant Homogeneous Organometallic Catalysis Involving Ni, Pd, Ir, and Rh: An Overview of Commonly Employed DFT Methods and Mechanistic Insights. Chem Rev 2015. [PMID: 26207572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 415] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Theresa Sperger
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Italo A Sanhueza
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany.,Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, ETH Zürich , Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Indrek Kalvet
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
| | - Franziska Schoenebeck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University , Landoltweg 1, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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42
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Affiliation(s)
- James D. Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Robert H. Crabtree
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
| | - Gary W. Brudvig
- Department of Chemistry and
Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, P.O. Box 208107, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8107, United States
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43
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Rh(III)- and Ir(III)-Catalyzed Direct C–H Bond Transformations to Carbon–Heteroatom Bonds. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2015_123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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44
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Zhou M, Goldman AS. Chlorination of (Phebox)Ir(mesityl)(OAc) by Thionyl Chloride. Molecules 2015; 20:10122-30. [PMID: 26039335 PMCID: PMC6272745 DOI: 10.3390/molecules200610122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Pincer (Phebox)Ir(mesityl)(OAc) (2) (Phebox = 3,5-dimethylphenyl-2,6-bis(oxazolinyl)) complex, formed by benzylic C-H activation of mesitylene (1,3,5-trimethylbenzene) using (Phebox)Ir(OAc)2OH2 (1), was treated with thionyl chloride to rapidly form 1-(chloromethyl)-3,5-dimethylbenzene in 50% yield at 23 °C. A green species was obtained at the end of reaction, which decomposed during flash column chromatography to form (Phebox)IrCl2OH2 in 87% yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers New Brunswick-Busch Campus, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Alan S Goldman
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers New Brunswick-Busch Campus, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
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45
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Zhou M, Johnson SI, Gao Y, Emge TJ, Nielsen RJ, Goddard WA, Goldman AS. Activation and Oxidation of Mesitylene C–H Bonds by (Phebox)Iridium(III) Complexes. Organometallics 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.5b00200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers New Brunswick, Busch Campus, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | | | - Yang Gao
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers New Brunswick, Busch Campus, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | - Thomas J. Emge
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers New Brunswick, Busch Campus, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
| | | | | | - Alan S. Goldman
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Rutgers New Brunswick, Busch Campus, 610 Taylor Road, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, United States
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46
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Jung J, Liu S, Ohkubo K, Abu-Omar MM, Fukuzumi S. Catalytic two-electron reduction of dioxygen by ferrocene derivatives with manganese(V) corroles. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:4285-91. [PMID: 25867007 DOI: 10.1021/ic503012s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Electron transfer from octamethylferrocene (Me8Fc) to the manganese(V) imidocorrole complex (tpfc)Mn(V)(NAr) [tpfc = 5,10,15-tris(pentafluorophenyl)corrole; Ar = 2,6-Cl2C6H3] proceeds efficiently to give an octamethylferrocenium ion (Me8Fc(+)) and [(tpfc)Mn(IV)(NAr)](-) in acetonitrile (MeCN) at 298 K. Upon the addition of trifluoroacetic acid (TFA), further reduction of [(tpfc)Mn(IV)(NAr)](-) by Me8Fc gives (tpfc)Mn(III) and ArNH2 in deaerated MeCN. TFA also results in hydrolysis of (tpfc)Mn(V)(NAr) with residual water to produce a protonated manganese(V) oxocorrole complex ([(tpfc)Mn(V)(OH)](+)) in deaerated MeCN. [(tpfc)Mn(V)(OH)](+) is rapidly reduced by 2 equiv of Me8Fc in the presence of TFA to give (tpfc)Mn(III) in deaerated MeCN. In the presence of dioxygen (O2), (tpfc)Mn(III) catalyzes the two-electron reduction of O2 by Me8Fc with TFA in MeCN to produce H2O2 and Me8Fc(+). The rate of formation of Me8Fc(+) in the catalytic reduction of O2 follows zeroth-order kinetics with respect to the concentrations of Me8Fc and TFA, whereas the rate increases linearly with increasing concentrations of (tpfc)Mn(V)(NAr) and O2. These kinetic dependencies are consistent with the rate-determining step being electron transfer from (tpfc)Mn(III) to O2, followed by further proton-coupled electron transfer from Me8Fc to produce H2O2 and [(tpfc)Mn(IV)](+). Rapid electron transfer from Me8Fc to [(tpfc)Mn(IV)](+) regenerates (tpfc)Mn(III), completing the catalytic cycle. Thus, catalytic two-electron reduction of O2 by Me8Fc with (tpfc)Mn(V)(NAr) as a catalyst precursor proceeds via a Mn(III)/Mn(IV) redox cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Jung
- †Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,‡Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - Shuo Liu
- §Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Kei Ohkubo
- †Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mahdi M Abu-Omar
- §Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, 560 Oval Drive, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
| | - Shunichi Fukuzumi
- †Department of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.,‡Department of Bioinspired Science, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.,∥Faculty of Science and Engineering, Meijo University, ALCA and SENTAN, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Nagoya, Aichi 468-0073, Japan
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47
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Sherborne GJ, Chapman MR, Blacker AJ, Bourne RA, Chamberlain TW, Crossley BD, Lucas SJ, McGowan PC, Newton MA, Screen TEO, Thompson P, Willans CE, Nguyen BN. Activation and deactivation of a robust immobilized Cp*Ir-transfer hydrogenation catalyst: a multielement in situ X-ray absorption spectroscopy study. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:4151-7. [PMID: 25768298 DOI: 10.1021/ja512868a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A highly robust immobilized [Cp*IrCl2]2 precatalyst on Wang resin for transfer hydrogenation, which can be recycled up to 30 times, was studied using a novel combination of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) at Ir L3-edge, Cl K-edge, and K K-edge. These culminate in in situ XAS experiments that link structural changes of the Ir complex with its catalytic activity and its deactivation. Mercury poisoning and "hot filtration" experiments ruled out leached Ir as the active catalyst. Spectroscopic evidence indicates the exchange of one chloride ligand with an alkoxide to generate the active precatalyst. The exchange of the second chloride ligand, however, leads to a potassium alkoxide-iridate species as the deactivated form of this immobilized catalyst. These findings could be widely applicable to the many homogeneous transfer hydrogenation catalysts with Cp*IrCl substructure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Thomas W Chamberlain
- ‡School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Benjamin D Crossley
- §Yorkshire Process Technology Ltd., Leeds Innovation Centre, 103 Clarendon Road, Leeds, LS2 9DF, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Mark A Newton
- ⊥Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom.,#XMaS CRG, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Cedex, Grenoble, France
| | - Thomas E O Screen
- §Yorkshire Process Technology Ltd., Leeds Innovation Centre, 103 Clarendon Road, Leeds, LS2 9DF, United Kingdom
| | - Paul Thompson
- ⊥Department of Physics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, United Kingdom.,#XMaS CRG, European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, 38043 Cedex, Grenoble, France
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48
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Lehman MC, Pahls DR, Meredith JM, Sommer RD, Heinekey DM, Cundari TR, Ison EA. Oxyfunctionalization with Cp*Ir(III)(NHC)(Me)(Cl) with O₂: identification of a rare bimetallic Ir(IV) μ-oxo intermediate. J Am Chem Soc 2015; 137:3574-84. [PMID: 25700811 DOI: 10.1021/ja512905t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Methanol formation from [Cp*Ir(III)(NHC)Me(CD2Cl2)](+) occurs quantitatively at room temperature with air (O2) as the oxidant and ethanol as a proton source. A rare example of a diiridium bimetallic complex, [(Cp*Ir(NHC)Me)2(μ-O)][(BAr(F)4)2], 3, was isolated and shown to be an intermediate in this reaction. The electronic absorption spectrum of 3 features a broad observation at ∼660 nm, which is primarily responsible for its blue color. In addition, 3 is diamagnetic and can be characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Complex 3 was also characterized by X-ray crystallography and contains an Ir(IV)-O-Ir(IV) core in which two d(5) Ir(IV) centers are bridged by an oxo ligand. DFT and MCSCF calculations reveal several important features of the electronic structure of 3, most notably, that the μ-oxo bridge facilitates communication between the two Ir centers, and σ/π mixing yields a nonlinear arrangement of the μ-oxo core (Ir-O-Ir ∼ 150°) to facilitate oxygen atom transfer. The formation of 3 results from an Ir oxo/oxyl intermediate that may be described by two competing bonding models, which are close in energy and have formal Ir-O bond orders of 2 but differ markedly in their electronic structures. The radical traps TEMPO and 1,4-cyclohexadiene do not inhibit the formation of 3; however, methanol formation from 3 is inhibited by TEMPO. Isotope labeling studies confirmed the origin of the methyl group in the methanol product is the iridium-methyl bond in the [Cp*Ir(NHC)Me(CD2Cl2)][BAr(F)4] starting material. Isolation of the diiridium-containing product [(Cp*Ir(NHC)Cl)2][(BAr(F)4)2], 4, in high yields at the end of the reaction suggests that the Cp* and NHC ligands remain bound to the iridium and are not significantly degraded under reaction conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C Lehman
- ‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Dale R Pahls
- †Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Joseph M Meredith
- §Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Roger D Sommer
- ‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - D Michael Heinekey
- §Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Thomas R Cundari
- †Department of Chemistry, Center for Advanced Scientific Computing and Modeling (CASCaM), University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203, United States
| | - Elon A Ison
- ‡Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, 2620 Yarbrough Drive, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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49
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Denmark SE, Chang WT, Houk KN, Liu P. Development of Chiral Bis-hydrazone Ligands for the Enantioselective Cross-Coupling Reactions of Aryldimethylsilanolates. J Org Chem 2015; 80:313-66. [PMID: 25494058 PMCID: PMC4285162 DOI: 10.1021/jo502388r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2014] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
A palladium-catalyzed, enantioselective, aryl-aryl cross-coupling reaction using 1-naphthyldimethylsilanolates and chiral bis-hydrazone ligands has been developed. A family of glyoxal bis-hydrazone ligands containing various 2,5-diarylpyrrolidine groups was prepared to evaluate the influence of ligand structure on the rate and enantioselectivity of the cross-coupling. New synthetic routes to the 1-amino-2,5-diarylpyrrolidines were developed to enable the structure/reactivity-selectivity studies. Role reversal experiments of aryldimethylsilanolates and aryl bromides result in biaryl products with the same configuration and similar enantioselectivities implying that reductive elimination is the stereodetermining step. The origin of stereoselectivity is rationalized through computational modeling of diarylpalldium(II) complex which occurs through a conrotatory motion for the two aryl groups undergoing C-C bond formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott E. Denmark
- Roger
Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Wen-Tau
T. Chang
- Roger
Adams Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - K. N. Houk
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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50
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Gunay A, Mantell MA, Field KD, Wu W, Chin M, Emmert MH. Oxidation catalysis in air with Cp*Ir: influence of added ligands and reaction conditions on catalytic activity and stability. Catal Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cy01203h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The systematic evaluation of Ir catalysts generates the highest reported TONs and a safe protocol for air oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Gunay
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - Mark A. Mantell
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - Kathleen D. Field
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - Wenbo Wu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - Michael Chin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
| | - Marion H. Emmert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Worcester Polytechnic Institute
- Worcester
- USA
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