1
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Hu M, Li J, Liu T, Wu Z, Du Y. Insights into the formation and growth of high entropy PdPtSnPbNi nanowires to obtain catalysts with high alcohol electrocatalytic oxidation activity. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 675:481-487. [PMID: 38986321 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.07.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/06/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
High-entropy alloys have raised great interest in recent years because of their potential applications for multi-electron reactions owing to their diverse active sites and multielement tunability. However, the difficulty of synthesis is an obstacle to their development due to phase separation often exists. In addition, it's a challenge to precisely control morphology in harsh conditions, thus leading to nanoparticles in many cases. We report a facile method to obtain PdPtPbSnNi HEA NWs by solvothermal synthesis method that no existing phase separation. PdPb nucleation plays a role in the formation of the high-entropy structure that serves as a PdPb nucleus for Sn, Ni, and Pt reduction subsequently, thus forming a single phase and an orderly-arranged nanowire structure. Significantly, the optimized PdPtPbSnNi NWs exhibit excellent catalytic activity and stability for both EOR and MOR which is 4.36 A mgPd+Pt-1 and 4.34 A mgPd+Pt-1, respectively. This study highlights a novel strategy for morphology tuning, providing a prospect for designing superior high-entropy nano-catalysts for multi-step reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyun Hu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jie Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Tianpeng Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Zhengying Wu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Environment Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou 215009, China.
| | - Yukou Du
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China; School of Optical and Electronic Information, Suzhou City University, Suzhou 215104, China.
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2
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Wang B, Mathiesen JK, Kirsch A, Schlegel N, Anker AS, Johansen FL, Kjær ETS, Aalling-Frederiksen O, Nielsen TM, Thomsen MS, Jakobsen RK, Arenz M, Jensen KMØ. Formation of intermetallic PdIn nanoparticles: influence of surfactants on nanoparticle atomic structure. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 5:6913-6924. [PMID: 38059038 PMCID: PMC10697006 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00582h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic nanoparticles have been extensively studied as electrocatalysts due to their superior catalytic activity and selectivity compared to their monometallic counterparts. The properties of bimetallic materials depend on the ordering of the metals in the structure, and to tailor-make materials for specific applications, it is important to be able to control the atomic structure of the materials during synthesis. Here, we study the formation of bimetallic palladium indium nanoparticles to understand how the synthesis parameters and additives used influence the atomic structure of the obtained product. Specifically, we investigate a colloidal synthesis, where oleylamine was used as the main solvent while the effect of two surfactants, oleic acid (OA) and trioctylphosphine (TOP) was studied. We found that without TOP included in the synthesis, a Pd-rich intermetallic phase with the Pd3In structure initially formed, which transformed into large NPs of the CsCl-structured PdIn phase. When TOP was included, the syntheses yielded both In2O3 and Pd3In. In situ X-ray total scattering with Pair Distribution Function analysis was used to study the formation process of PdIn bimetallic NPs. Our results highlight how seemingly subtle changes to material synthesis methods can have a large influence on the product atomic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baiyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Jette K Mathiesen
- Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark Fysikvej, 2800 Kongens Lyngby Denmark
| | - Andrea Kirsch
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Nicolas Schlegel
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Andy S Anker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Frederik L Johansen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Emil T S Kjær
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | | | - Tobias M Nielsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Maria S Thomsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Rasmus K Jakobsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
| | - Matthias Arenz
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bern Freiestrasse 3 3012 Bern Switzerland
| | - Kirsten M Ø Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen Universitetsparken 5 2100 Copenhagen Ø Denmark
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3
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Pramadewandaru RK, Lee YW, Hong JW. Synergistic effect of bimetallic Pd-Pt nanocrystals for highly efficient methanol oxidation electrocatalysts. RSC Adv 2023; 13:27046-27053. [PMID: 37693086 PMCID: PMC10486200 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04837c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal nanocrystals (NCs) with controlled compositional and distributional structures have gained increasing attention due to their unique properties and broad applications, particularly in fuel cell systems. However, despite the significant importance of composition in metal NCs and their electrocatalytic behavior, comprehensive investigations into the relationship between atomic distribution and electrocatalytic activity remain scarce. In this study, we present the development of four types of nanocubes with similar sizes and controlled compositions (Pd-Pt alloy, Pd@Pt core-shell, Pd, and Pt) to investigate their influence on electrocatalytic performance for methanol oxidation reaction (MOR). The electrocatalytic activity and stability of these nanocubes exhibited variations based on their compositional structures, potentially affecting the interaction between the surface-active sites of the nanocrystals and reactive molecules. As a result, leveraging the synergistic effect of their alloy nanostructure, the Pd-Pt alloy nanocubes exhibited exceptional performance in MOR, surpassing the catalytic activity of other nanocubes, including Pd@Pt core-shell nanocubes, monometallic Pd and Pt nanocubes, as well as commercial Pd/C and Pt/C catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Young Wook Lee
- Department of Education Chemistry and Research Institute of Natural Sciences, Gyeongsang National University Jinju 52828 Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Wook Hong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ulsan Ulsan 44776 Republic of Korea
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4
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Jung Y, Kim S, Choi H, Kim Y, Hwang JB, Lee D, Kim Y, Park JC, Kim DY, Lee S. Photoelectrochemical Selective Oxidation of Glycerol to Glyceraldehyde with Bi-Based Metal-Organic-Framework-Decorated WO 3 Photoanode. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:nano13101690. [PMID: 37242109 DOI: 10.3390/nano13101690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The conversion of glycerol to high-value-added products via photoelectrochemical (PEC) oxidation has emerged as a promising approach for utilizing a sustainable and clean energy source with environmental and economic benefits. Moreover, the energy requirement for glycerol to produce hydrogen is lower than that for pure water splitting. In this study, we propose the use of WO3 nanostructures decorated with Bi-based metal-organic frameworks (Bi-MOFs) as the photoanode for glycerol oxidation with simultaneous hydrogen production. The WO3-based electrodes selectively converted glycerol to glyceraldehyde, a high-value-added product, with remarkable selectivity. The Bi-MOF-decorated WO3 nanorods enhanced the surface charge transfer and adsorption properties, thereby improving the photocurrent density and production rate (1.53 mA/cm2 and 257 mmol/m2·h at 0.8 VRHE). The photocurrent was maintained for 10 h, ensuring stable glycerol conversion. Furthermore, at 1.2 VRHE, the average production rate of glyceraldehyde reached 420 mmol/m2·h, with a selectivity of 93.6% between beneficial oxidized products over the photoelectrode. This study provides a practical approach for the conversion of glycerol to glyceraldehyde via the selective oxidation of WO3 nanostructures and demonstrates the potential of Bi-MOFs as a promising cocatalyst for PEC biomass valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoonsung Jung
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkyu Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Hojoong Choi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yunseul Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Beom Hwang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Donghyeon Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Yejoon Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Cheol Park
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Yu Kim
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghan Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
- Research Center for Innovative Energy and Carbon Optimized Synthesis for Chemicals (Inn-ECOSysChem), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdan-gwagiro, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61005, Republic of Korea
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5
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Montaña-Mora G, Qi X, Wang X, Chacón-Borrero J, Martinez-Alanis PR, Yu X, Li J, Xue Q, Arbiol J, Ibáñez M, Cabot A. Phosphorous incorporation into palladium tin nanoparticles for the electrocatalytic formate oxidation reaction. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2023.117369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
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6
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Boukhvalov D, D’Olimpio G, Mazzola F, Kuo CN, Mardanya S, Fujii J, Politano GG, Lue CS, Agarwal A, Vobornik I, Torelli P, Politano A. Unveiling the Catalytic Potential of Topological Nodal-Line Semimetal AuSn 4 for Hydrogen Evolution and CO 2 Reduction. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:3069-3076. [PMID: 36947176 PMCID: PMC10068825 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the correlation between the existence of topological electronic states in materials and their catalytic activity has gained increasing attention, due to the exceptional electron conductivity and charge carrier mobility exhibited by quantum materials. However, the physicochemical mechanisms ruling catalysis with quantum materials are not fully understood. Here, we investigate the chemical reactivity, ambient stability, and catalytic activity of the topological nodal-line semimetal AuSn4. Our findings reveal that the surface of AuSn4 is prone to oxidation, resulting in the formation of a nanometric SnO2 skin. This surface oxidation significantly enhances the material's performance as a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic environments. We demonstrate that the peculiar atomic structure of oxidized AuSn4 enables the migration of hydrogen atoms through the Sn-O layer with a minimal energy barrier of only 0.19 eV. Furthermore, the Volmer step becomes exothermic in the presence of Sn vacancies or tin-oxide skin, as opposed to being hindered in the pristine sample, with energy values of -0.62 and -1.66 eV, respectively, compared to the +0.46 eV energy barrier in the pristine sample. Our model also suggests that oxidized AuSn4 can serve as a catalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction in alkali media. Additionally, we evaluate the material's suitability for the carbon dioxide reduction reaction, finding that the presence of topologically protected electronic states enhances the migration of hydrogen atoms adsorbed on the catalyst to carbon dioxide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danil
W. Boukhvalov
- College
of Science, Institute of Materials Physics and Chemistry, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, P. R. China
- Institute
of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal
University, Mira Str.
19, 620002 Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Gianluca D’Olimpio
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University
of L’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila (AQ), Italy
| | - Federico Mazzola
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Laboratorio
TASC, Area Science Park
S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Chia-Nung Kuo
- Department
of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sougata Mardanya
- Department
of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jun Fujii
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Laboratorio
TASC, Area Science Park
S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Grazia Giuseppina Politano
- Department
of Information Engineering, Infrastructures and Sustainable Energy
(DIIES), University “Mediterranea”
of Reggio Calabria, Loc. Feo di Vito, 89122 Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Chin Shan Lue
- Department
of Physics, National Cheng Kung University, 1 Ta-Hsueh Road, 70101 Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Amit Agarwal
- Department
of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology
Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Ivana Vobornik
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Laboratorio
TASC, Area Science Park
S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Piero Torelli
- Consiglio
Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR), Istituto Officina dei Materiali (IOM), Laboratorio
TASC, Area Science Park
S.S. 14 km 163.5, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Antonio Politano
- Department
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University
of L’Aquila, via Vetoio, 67100 L’Aquila (AQ), Italy
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7
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Luo L, Fu C, Guo Y, Cai X, Luo X, Tan Z, Xue R, Cheng X, Shen S, Zhang J. Ultrafine Core@Shell Cu 1Au 1@Cu 1Pd 3 Nanodots Synergized with 3D Porous N-Doped Graphene Nanosheets as a High-Performance Multifunctional Electrocatalyst. ACS NANO 2023; 17:2992-3006. [PMID: 36706226 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rationally combining designed supports and metal-based nanomaterials is effective to synergize their respective physicochemical and electrochemical properties for developing highly active and stable/durable electrocatalysts. Accordingly, in this work, sub-5 nm and monodispersed nanodots (NDs) with the special nanostructure of an ultrafine Cu1Au1 core and a 2-3-atomic-layer Cu1Pd3 shell are synthesized by a facile solvothermal method, which are further evenly and firmly anchored onto 3D porous N-doped graphene nanosheets (NGS) via a simple annealing (A) process. The as-obtained Cu1Au1@Cu1Pd3 NDs/NGS-A exhibits exceptional electrocatalytic activity and noble-metal utilization toward the alkaline oxygen reduction, methanol oxidation, and ethanol oxidation reactions, showing dozens-fold enhancements compared with commercial Pd/C and Pt/C. Besides, it also has excellent long-term electrochemical stability and electrocatalytic durability. Advanced and comprehensive experimental and theoretical analyses unveil the synthetic mechanism of the special core@shell nanostructure and further reveal the origins of the significantly enhanced electrocatalytic performance: (1) the prominent structural properties of NGS, (2) the ultrasmall and monodispersed size as well as the highly uniform morphology of the NDs-A, (3) the special Cu-Au-Pd alloy nanostructure with an ultrafine core and a subnanometer shell, and (4) the strong metal-support interaction. This work not only develops a facile method for fabricating the special metal-based ultrafine-core@ultrathin-shell nanostructure but also proposes an effective and practical design paradigm of comprehensively and rationally considering both supports and metal-based nanomaterials for realizing high-performance multifunctional electrocatalysts, which can be further expanded to other supports and metal-based nanomaterials for other energy-conversion or environmental (electro)catalytic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxuan Luo
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Cehuang Fu
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangge Guo
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiyang Cai
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiashuang Luo
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Zehao Tan
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Xue
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaojing Cheng
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuiyun Shen
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai200240, People's Republic of China
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8
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Zheng Y, Guo R, Li X, He T, Wang W, Zhan Q, Li R, Zhang K, Ji S, Jin M. Synthesis of amorphous trimetallic PdCuNiP nanoparticles for enhanced OER. Front Chem 2023; 11:1122333. [PMID: 36793765 PMCID: PMC9922906 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1122333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Metal phosphides with multi-element components and amorphous structure represent a novel kind of electrocatalysts for promising activity and durability towards the oxygen evolution reaction (OER). In this work, a two-step strategy, including alloying and phosphating processes, is reported to synthesize trimetallic amorphous PdCuNiP phosphide nanoparticles for efficient OER under alkaline conditions. The synergistic effect between Pd, Cu, Ni, and P elements, as well as the amorphous structure of the obtained PdCuNiP phosphide nanoparticles, would boost the intrinsic catalytic activity of Pd nanoparticles towards a wide range of reactions. These obtained trimetallic amorphous PdCuNiP phosphide nanoparticles exhibit long-term stability, nearly a 20-fold increase in mass activity toward OER compared with the initial Pd nanoparticles, and 223 mV lower in overpotential at 10 mA cm-2. This work not only provides a reliable synthetic strategy for multi-metallic phosphide nanoparticles, but also expands the potential applications of this promising class of multi-metallic amorphous phosphides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangzi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ruiyun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Xi’an University of Science and Technology, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Mingshang Jin, ; Ruiyun Guo,
| | - Xiang Li
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Functional Materials and Devices, School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Xi’an Technological University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tianou He
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Weicong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qi Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Rui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Shangdong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Mingshang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering, Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China,*Correspondence: Mingshang Jin, ; Ruiyun Guo,
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9
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Kamyabi MA, Jadali S, Alizadeh T. Ethanol Electrooxidation on Nickel Foam Arrayed with Templated PdSn; From Catalyst Fabrication to Electrooxidation Dominance Route. ChemElectroChem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202200914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Ali Kamyabi
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Zanjan 45371-38791 Zanjan Iran
| | - Salma Jadali
- Electroanalytical Chemistry Laboratory Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Zanjan 45371-38791 Zanjan Iran
| | - Taher Alizadeh
- Department of Analytical Chemistry Faculty of Chemistry University College of Science University of Tehran P.O. Box 14155–6455 Tehran Iran
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10
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Performance study of palladium modified platinum anode in direct ethanol fuel cells: A green power source. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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11
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Sena Kazan-Kaya E, Bayramoğlu M. Investigation of ethanol fuel electrooxidation reaction on Ni-CeO2NRs anode electrocatalyst in alkaline media. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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12
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Abdelwahab I, Abdelwahab A. Black phosphorous/palladium functionalized carbon aerogel nanocomposite for highly efficient ethanol electrooxidation. RSC Adv 2022; 12:31225-31234. [PMID: 36349020 PMCID: PMC9623562 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05452c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Direct ethanol fuel cells have great potential for practical power applications due to their easy operation, high energy density, and low toxicity. However, the slow and incomplete ethanol electrooxidation (EEO) reaction is a major drawback that hinders the development of this type of fuel cell. Here, we report a facile approach for the preparation of highly active, low cost and stable electrocatalysts based on palladium (Pd) nanoparticles and black phosphorus/palladium (BP/Pd) nanohybrids supported on a carbon aerogel (CA). The nanocomposites show remarkable catalytic performance and stability as anode electrocatalysts for EEO in an alkaline medium. A mass peak current density of 8376 mA mgPd -1 is attained for EEO on the BP/Pd/CA catalyst, which is 11.4 times higher than that of the commercial Pd/C catalyst. To gain deep insight into the structure-property relationship associated with superior electroactivity, the catalysts are well characterized in terms of morphology, surface chemistry, and catalytic activity. It is found that the BP-doped CA support provides high catalyst dispersibility, protection against leaching, and modification of the electronic and catalytic properties of Pd, while the catalyst modifies CA into a more open and conductive structure. This synergistic interaction between the support and the catalyst improves the transport of active species and electrons at the electrode/electrolyte interface, leading to rapid EEO reaction kinetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Abdelwahab
- Department of Chemistry, National University of SingaporeSingapore 117543Singapore
| | - Abdalla Abdelwahab
- Faculty of Science, Galala UniversitySokhnaSuez 43511Egypt,Materials Science and Nanotechnology Department, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef UniversityBeni-Suef 62511Egypt
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13
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Activity and durability of intermetallic PdZn electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidation reaction. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-022-04780-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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14
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Song L, Ahn J, Kim DH, Shin H, Kim ID. Porous Pd-Sn Alloy Nanotube-Based Chemiresistor for Highly Stable and Sensitive H 2 Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:28378-28388. [PMID: 35679507 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c05002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
While H2 is indispensable as a green fuel source, it is highly flammable and explosive. Because it is difficult to detect due to its lack of odor and color, a solution for proper monitoring of H2 leakage is essential to ensure safe handling. To this end, we have successfully fabricated hollow Pd-Sn alloy nanotubes (NTs) with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of 223.0 m2/g through electrospinning and a subsequent etching method, which is the first demonstration of synthesizing Pd-based hollow alloy nanofibers with ultrafine grain sizes. We found that the alloying of Pd with Sn could effectively prevent degradation of the sensing performance upon the α-β phase transition during hydrogen detection. Besides, the highly porous structure with smaller nanograins offered more exposed active sites and higher gas accessibility to bulk materials. The resultant Pd-Sn NTs exhibited excellent sensitivity toward H2 (0.00005-3%). Notably, the limit of detection of 0.0001% is an outstanding achievement on H2 sensing among state-of-the-art H2 sensors. Moreover, when exposed to a high concentration of H2 (3%), Pd-Sn NTs showed excellent cycling stability with a standard deviation of 0.07% and a sensitivity of 9.27%. These obtained sensing results indicate that Pd-Sn NTs can be used as a highly sensitive and stable H2 gas sensor at room temperature (25 °C).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Song
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Membrane Innovation Center for Anti-virus & Air-quality Control, KI Nanocentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaewan Ahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Membrane Innovation Center for Anti-virus & Air-quality Control, KI Nanocentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Ha Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Membrane Innovation Center for Anti-virus & Air-quality Control, KI Nanocentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Hamin Shin
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Membrane Innovation Center for Anti-virus & Air-quality Control, KI Nanocentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Il-Doo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- Membrane Innovation Center for Anti-virus & Air-quality Control, KI Nanocentury, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
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15
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Sun T, Chen J, Lao X, Zhang X, Fu A, Wang W, Guo P. Unveiling the Synergistic Effects of Monodisperse Sea Urchin-like PdPb Alloy Nanodendrites as Stable Electrocatalysts for Ethylene Glycol and Glycerol Oxidation Reactions. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10220-10227. [PMID: 35729745 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
In recent times, the fabrication of noble metal-based catalysts with controllable morphologies has become a research hotspot. Electrocatalytic devices with excellent catalytic performance and enhanced durability for the ethylene glycol oxidation reaction (EGOR) and the glycerol oxidation reaction (GOR) are significant for commercial direct fuel cells. Herein, a series of PdPb sea urchin-like nanodendrite (ND) structures with controllable molar ratios were synthesized as EGOR and GOR electrocatalysts of high efficiency. The optimized structurally regular Pd3Pb NDs exhibit the best electrocatalytic activity and outstanding stability compared to other samples and commercial Pt/C. In addition, the integrated Pb on Pd3Pb NDs can mitigate the bond energy the intermediates generate and further boost the electrooxidation of the intermediates by supplying enough active sites without considering its intrinsic structure, which is beneficial to the enhanced EGOR and GOR activity and stability. With the assistance of electrochemical measurement, the mechanism of the enhanced alloy was further investigated. This paper presents a promising strategy to fabricate catalysts with stable structures, which will elucidate a very promising approach for developing Pd-based catalysts for further applications in fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tong Sun
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jianyu Chen
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhuo Lao
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xingxue Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Aiping Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Peizhi Guo
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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16
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Electro-Catalytic Properties of Palladium and Palladium Alloy Electro-Catalysts Supported on Carbon Nanofibers for Electro-Oxidation of Methanol and Ethanol in Alkaline Medium. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12060608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon nanofibers (CNFs) supported by Pd and Pd-Sn electro-catalysts were prepared by the chemical reduction method using ethylene glycol as the reducing agent. Their physicochemical characteristics were studied using high resolution-transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and Bruanaer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis. FTIR revealed that oxygen, hydroxyl, carboxylic and carbonyl functional groups facilitated the dispersion of Pd and Sn nanoparticles. The doping of Pd with Sn to generate PdSn alloy was also confirmed by XPS data. The amorphous nature of CNFs was confirmed by XRD patterns which exhibited the Pd diffraction peaks. When Sn was added to Pd/CNFs, the diffraction peaks moved to lower angles. HRTEM images revealed that the CNFs with cylindrical shape-like morphology and also Pd-Sn nanoparticles dispersed on carbon support. The catalytic activity and stability towards alcohol electro-oxidation in alkaline medium at room temperature was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV), chronoamperometry (CA) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The obtained Pd-Sn/CNFs electro-catalyst exhibited a better electro-catalytic activity than Pd/CNFs and Pd/C electro-catalysts for both methanol and ethanol oxidation. The improvement of the electrochemical performance was associated with the synergistic effect via the addition of Sn which modified the Pd atom arrangement, thereby promoting oxidation through a dehydrogenation pathway. Furthermore, SnO2 generates abundant OH species which helps with increasing the rate of the oxidative removal of carbon monoxide (CO) intermediates from Pd sites.
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17
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Zerdoumi R, Matselko O, Rößner L, Sarkar B, Grin Y, Armbrüster M. Disentangling Electronic and Geometric Effects in Electrocatalysis through Substitution in Isostructural Intermetallic Compounds. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:8379-8388. [PMID: 35485643 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c03348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Efficient development of catalytic materials requires knowledge of the decisive parameters defining the catalytic properties. In multicomponent metallic catalysts, these are categorized as electronic and geometric effects, yet they are strongly interrelated. A systematic disentanglement can be achieved by fixing one parameter while altering the other, which becomes possible through the substitution in isostructural intermetallic compounds. This approach enables the evaluation of electronic or geometric contributions both individually and combined. Herein, this is achieved by substitution of indium (three valence electrons) with tin (four valence electrons) in the series In1-xSnxPd2, which allows for a systematic variation of the total number of electrons per unit cell with only a minor variation of the unit cell parameters and thus the evaluation of the electronic effect. Geometric effects were evaluated by substitution of indium with gallium in the Ga1-xInxPd2 series, which allows for a systematic variation of the interatomic distances while maintaining the same number of valence electrons per unit cell and close atomic coordinates. By substituting gallium with tin in the Ga1-xSnxPd2 series, both effects are combined and addressed simultaneously. The activity enhancement of the methanol oxidation reaction on the Ga1-xSnxPd2 series is attributed to the synergy of the combined effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ridha Zerdoumi
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Materials for Innovative Energy Concepts, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Oksana Matselko
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, Kyryla i Mefodiya Street 6, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Leonard Rößner
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Materials for Innovative Energy Concepts, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Bidushi Sarkar
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Materials for Innovative Energy Concepts, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Yuri Grin
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Physik fester Stoffe, Nöthnitzer Straße 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany
| | - Marc Armbrüster
- Faculty of Natural Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Materials for Innovative Energy Concepts, Chemnitz University of Technology, 09107 Chemnitz, Germany
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18
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Pang M, Yang M, Yan J, Zhang B, Zang L, Fu A, Guo P. Assembly of Alloyed PdCu Nanosheets and Their Electrocatalytic Oxidation of Ethanol. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4287-4294. [PMID: 35363495 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) nanostructured catalysts have attracted great attention in many important fields, including energy applications and chemical industry. In this study, PdCu nanosheet assemblies (NSAs) have been synthesized and investigated as electrocatalysts for direct ethanol fuel cells in an alkaline medium. A great number of active sites on the nanosheets of PdCu NSAs for ethanol electro-oxidation are exposed, where the electron structures are optimized combined with the second element copper. Electrochemical measurements show that PdCu NSA1 exhibits excellent catalytic activity (2536 mA mg-1) and cyclic stability compared to PdCu NSA2 (1700 mA mg-1) and PdCu NSA3 (1436 mA mg-1), much higher than commercial Pd/C. Kinetics studies on the electrolysis of ethanol suggest that PdCu NSAs should be more favorable at higher catalytic temperatures, higher concentrations of ethanol, and low pH value environments. The unique composition and structures PdCu NSA1 would result in the lowest energy barrier in the rate-controlling step of the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR), confirmed by density functional theory (DFT). The formation mechanism of PdCu NSAs and their excellent electrocatalytic activity toward EOR have been discussed and analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyuan Pang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Min Yang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jie Yan
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Ben Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lei Zang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Aiping Fu
- College of Chemical Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Peizhi Guo
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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19
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Zhang G, Wang Y, Ma Y, Zheng Y, Zhang H, Tang M, Dai Y. Ultrathin Samarium-Doped Palladium Nanocrystals with Exotic Shapes for Efficient Electrocatalytic Ethanol Oxidation. Catal Today 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2022.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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PdAg/C Electrocatalysts Synthesized by Thermal Decomposition of Polymeric Precursors Improve Catalytic Activity for Ethanol Oxidation Reaction. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An efficient ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) is required to enhance energy production in alcohol-based fuel cells. The use of bimetallic catalysts promises decreasing reliance on platinum group metal (PGM) electrocatalysts by minimizing the use of these expensive materials in the overall electrocatalyst composition. In this article, an alternative method of bimetallic electrocatalyst synthesis based on the use of polymeric precursors is explored. PdAg/C electrocatalysts were synthesized by thermal decomposition of polymeric precursors and used as the anode electrocatalyst for EOR. Different compositions, including pristine Pd/C and Ag/C, as well as bimetallic Pd80Ag20/C, and Pd60Ag40/C electrocatalysts, were evaluated. Synthesized catalysts were characterized, and electrochemical activity evaluated. X-ray diffraction showed a notable change at diffraction peak values for Pd80Ag20/C and Pd60Ag40/C electrocatalysts, suggesting alloying (solid solution) and smaller crystallite sizes for Pd60Ag40/C. In a thermogravimetric analysis, the electrocatalyst Pd60Ag40/C presented changes in the profile of the curves compared to the other electrocatalysts. In the cyclic voltammetry results for EOR in alkaline medium, Pd60Ag40/C presented a more negative onset potential, a higher current density at the oxidation peak, and a larger electrically active area. Chronoamperometry tests indicated a lower poisoning rate for Pd60Ag40/C, a fact also observed in the CO-stripping voltammetry analysis due to its low onset potential. As the best performing electrocatalyst, Pd60Ag40/C has a lower mass of Pd (a noble and expensive metal) in its composition. It can be inferred that this bimetallic composition can contribute to decreasing the amount of Pd required while increasing the fuel cell performance and expected life. PdAg-type electrocatalysts can provide an economically feasible alternative to pure PGM-electrocatalysts for use as the anode in EOR in fuel cells.
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21
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Huang J, Ji L, Li X, Wu X, Qian N, Li J, Yan Y, Yang D, Zhang H. Facile synthesis of PdSn alloy octopods through the Stranski–Krastanov growth mechanism as electrocatalysts towards the ethanol oxidation reaction. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00242f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pd72Sn28 octopods synthesized through the Stranski–Krastanov growth mode exhibited remarkably enhanced catalytic performance for the EOR relative to commercial Pd/C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingqiao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningkang Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Yucong Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
- BTR New Material Group CO., LTD., GuangMing District, Shenzhen 518106, People's Republic of China
| | - Deren Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials and School of Materials Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Advanced Semiconductors, Hangzhou Innovation Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310027, People's Republic of China
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22
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Huang J, Deng C, Liu Y, Han T, Ji F, Zhang Y, Lu H, Hua P, Zhang B, Qian T, Yuan X, Yang Y, Yao Y. Bifunctional effect of Bi(OH) 3 on the PdBi surface as interfacial Brønsted base enables ethanol electro-oxidization. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 611:327-335. [PMID: 34965487 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.12.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Palladium (Pd) is supposed to be one of the most promising catalytic metals towards ethanol (C2H5OH) oxidation reaction (EOR). However, Pd electrocatalysts easily suffer from the poisoning of the intermediates (especially CO), resulting in the quick decay of EOR catalysis. Herein, inspired by the Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory, a "attraction-repulsion" concept is proposed to guide the surface structure engineering toward EOR catalysts. Specifically, we induce Bi(OH)3 species as Brønsted base onto PdBi nanoplates to effectively repel the adsorption of CO intermediates. The PdBi-Bi(OH)3 nanoplates show an impressive mass activity of 4.46 A mgPd-1 during the EOR catalysis and keep excellent stability. Both the stability and enhanced performance are attributed by the interfacial Brønsted base Bi(OH)3 which can selectively attract and repel reactants and intermediates, as evidenced from in situ measurements and theoretical views.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialu Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Chengwei Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Yue Liu
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tingting Han
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Feng Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Space Power-Sources Technology, Shanghai Institute of Space Power-Sources, Shanghai 200245, China
| | - Yuehua Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Hongbin Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Ping Hua
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Bowei Zhang
- School of Mechanical and Power Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Tao Qian
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Xiaolei Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
| | - Yaoyue Yang
- Key Laboratory of General Chemistry of National Ethnic Affairs Commission, School of Chemistry and Environment, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, China.
| | - Yong Yao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China.
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23
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Zhang B, Zhang X, Yan J, Cao Z, Pang M, Chen J, Zang L, Guo P. Synthesis of Free‐Standing Alloyed PdSn Nanoparticles with Enhanced Catalytic Performance for Ethanol Electrooxidation. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ben Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 PR China
| | - Xingxue Zhang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 PR China
| | - Jie Yan
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 PR China
| | - Zhengshuai Cao
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 PR China
| | - Mingyuan Pang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 PR China
| | - Jianyu Chen
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 PR China
| | - Lei Zang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 PR China
| | - Peizhi Guo
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment College of Materials Science and Engineering Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 PR China
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24
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Bueno SLA, Zhan X, Wolfe J, Chatterjee K, Skrabalak SE. Phase-Controlled Synthesis of Pd-Sn Nanocrystal Catalysts of Defined Size and Shape. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:51876-51885. [PMID: 33945682 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic Pd-based nanoparticles (NPs) are of interest as electrocatalysts for formic acid electrooxidation (FAEO) because of their higher initial catalytic activity and CO tolerance when compared to Pt. Intermetallic NPs (i-NPs) with specific geometric and electronic structures generally exhibit superior catalytic activity, selectivity, and durability when compared to their disordered (random alloy) counterparts; however, the colloidal synthesis of i-NPs remains a challenge. Here, a one-pot method was demonstrated as a facile route to obtain monodisperse Pd-Sn NPs with phase control, including intermetallic hexagonal Pd3Sn2 (P63/mmc), intermetallic orthorhombic Pd2Sn (Pnma), and alloy cubic Pd3Sn (FCC, Fm3m) as size-controlled NPs with quasi-spherical shapes. Initial metal precursor ratios and reaction temperature were critical parameters to achieving phase control. Also, slight modifications of synthetic conditions resulted in either Pd2Sn nanorhombohedra or nanorods with tunable aspect ratios. A systematic evaluation of the Pd-Sn NPs for FAEO showed that most presented higher specific activities when compared to commercial Pd/C, in which Pd2Sn quasi-spheres and nanorhombohedra showed the highest catalytic activity for FAEO. These results highlight the benefits of phase-controlled Pd-based nanocatalysts with defined nanocrystal size and shape, with use of trioctylphospine (TOP) and oleic acid (OA) central to shape and size control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra L A Bueno
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Xun Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Joshua Wolfe
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Kaustav Chatterjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Sara E Skrabalak
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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25
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You H, Gao F, Wang C, Li J, Zhang K, Zhang Y, Du Y. Rich grain boundaries endow networked PdSn nanowires with superior catalytic properties for alcohol oxidation. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:17939-17944. [PMID: 34693950 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04993c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Networked nanowire (NNW)-structured catalysts have attracted extensive attention due to their large surface area and structural stability, which mean that they have excellent catalytic activity and stability and can be used as anode reaction catalysts for use in direct alcohol fuel cells (DAFCs). Herein, a series of networked PdSn nanowires synthesized via a modified polyol strategy are used as efficient DAFCs anode reaction catalysts. The introduction of Sn plays an important role in the improvement of catalytic behavior, in which the existence of Sn promotes the oxidation of intermediates by providing abundant oxyphilic species. Moreover, the generated PdSn NNWs-3 with optimal content show rich grain boundaries and an even NNW structure, which provides more active sites to further improve catalytic performance, so it exhibits excellent activity toward alcohol oxidation. The mass activities of PdSn NNWs-3 toward the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) and the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) are 8105.0 and 3099.5 mA mgPd-1, which are 6.9 and 10.7 times higher than those of Pd/C, respectively. Compared with Pd/C, the PdSn NNWs also display enhanced stability towards the EOR and MOR. This work demonstrates that NNW nanocatalysts indeed exhibit excellent catalytic performance for alcohol oxidation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaming You
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Fei Gao
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Cheng Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Jie Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Kewang Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Yangping Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.
| | - Yukou Du
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P.R. China.
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26
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Chen J, Yang M, Pang M, Gao F, Guo P. Bimetallic PdAg nanoparticles for enhanced electrocatalysis of ethanol oxidation reaction. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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27
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A comparative study of Pd/rGO and Pd–Cu/rGO toward electrooxidation of low ethanol concentrations for fuel cell-based breath alcohol analyzer application. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-021-01595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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28
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Lu X, Wang Z, Yang Y, Liao S, Lu X. Heterostructured Pd/Ti/Pd Thin Films as Highly Efficient Catalysts for Methanol and Formic Acid Oxidation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:31725-31732. [PMID: 34213908 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Finding a highly efficient catalyst for proton exchange membrane fuel cells is still the subject of extensive research. This article describes heterostructured Pd/Ti/Pd bimetallic thin films prepared using a strain-release technology as electrocatalysts for fuel cells. With their particular structure, these materials exhibit intriguing electrocatalytic activity toward the oxidation of both methanol and formic acid, yielding current densities of 0.17 and 0.56 A mg-1Pd, much superior to that of the commercial Pd black catalyst. Moreover, the Pd/Ti/Pd thin films display a low onset oxidation potential and extremely high current retention in both acidic and alkaline media. The carbon monoxide poisoning resistance is also significantly enhanced, thus contributing to ultrahigh stability in the long-term electrocatalytic processes. Their encouraging performance implies that such composites could be potential materials for energy conversion in the fuel cell field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Lu
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 510817, China
- Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ziling Wang
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 510817, China
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 510817, China
| | - Shijun Liao
- Key Laboratory of Fuel Cell Technology of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou 510641, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xia Lu
- School of Materials, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 510817, China
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29
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Cao Z, Liu X, Meng X, Cai L, Chen J, Guo P. Synthesis of bimetallic PdSn nanoparticle assembly as highly efficient electrocatalyst for ethanol oxidation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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30
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Jana R, Datta A, Malik S. Tuning intermediate adsorption in structurally ordered substituted PdCu 3 intermetallic nanoparticles for enhanced ethanol oxidation reaction. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:4508-4511. [PMID: 33955976 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc08075f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Co and Ni-substituted structurally ordered intermetallic PdCu3 nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized at low temperature exhibit remarkable enhancement of the ethanol electrooxidation (EOR) activity with improved durability. The first-principle calculations suggest that prompted generation of OH and CH3CO radicals in close proximity and shifting of the d-band center towards the Fermi level boost the EOR efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajkumar Jana
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata-700032, India.
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31
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LIANG YY, WU Q, LIANG F. Analysis of Catalytic Activity of Au@Pd Core-shell Nanodendrites for Highly Efficient Ethanol Electrooxidation. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(21)60103-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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32
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Membrane-Less Ethanol Electrooxidation over Pd-M (M: Sn, Mo and Re) Bimetallic Catalysts. Catalysts 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/catal11050541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The effect of the addition of three oxophilic co-metals (Sn, Mo and Re) on the electrochemical performance of Pd in the ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) was investigated by performing half-cell and membrane-less electrolysis cell experiments. While the additions of Sn and Re were found to improve significantly the EOR performance of Pd, Mo produced no significant promotional effect. When added in significant amounts (50:50 ratio), Sn and Re produced a 3–4 fold increase in the mass-normalized oxidation peak current as compared to the monometallic Pd/C material. Both the electrochemical surface area and the onset potential also improved upon addition of Sn and Re, although this effect was more evident for Sn. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurements revealed a higher ability of Sn for accommodating OH- species as compared to Re, which could explain these results. Additional tests were carried out in a membrane-less electrolysis system. Pd50Re50/C and Pd50Sn50/C both showed higher activity than Pd/C in this system. Chronopotentiometric measurements at constant current were carried out to test the stability of both catalysts in the absence of a membrane. Pd50Sn50/C was significantly more stable than Pd50Re50/C, which showed a rapid increase in the potential with time. Despite operating in the absence of a membrane, both catalysts generated a high-purity (e.g., 99.99%) hydrogen stream at high intensities and low voltages. These conditions could lead to significant energy consumption savings compared to commercial water electrolyzers.
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33
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Guo Y, Li B, Shen S, Luo L, Wang G, Zhang J. Potential-Dependent Mechanistic Study of Ethanol Electro-oxidation on Palladium. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:16602-16610. [PMID: 33788553 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c04513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We herein used the density functional theory (DFT) method and the implicit continuum solvation model to study the potential-dependent mechanism of ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) on palladium (Pd). Energy evolutions of the EOR on low-index Pd surfaces, including (111), (110), and (100), were obtained as a function of the electrode potential. Moreover, the onset potentials for key intermediates and products were calculated. In addition, the potential range for adsorbed ethanol as the most stable adsorption state for proceeding the EOR was determined to be between 0.15 and 0.78 V via the calculated Pourbaix diagrams when considering hydrogen underpotential deposition and Pd(II) oxide formation as competing reactions. Specifically, the behavior of Pd(111) as the dominating facet decided the overall activity of the EOR with onset potentials to acidic acid/acetate at 0.40 V, to carbon dioxide at 0.71 V, and to oxide formation at 0.78 V. Pd(110) was predicted to exhibit the optimal activity toward the EOR with the lowest onset potentials to both the first dehydrogenation process and carbon dioxide at 0.08 and 0.60 V, respectively. A computational potential-dependent mechanism of the EOR was proposed, which agrees well with the experimental curve of linear sweeping voltammetry on the commercial Pd/C electrocatalyst. Our study suggests that targeted control of products can be tuned with proper overpotential and thus provides a foundation for the future development of EOR electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangge Guo
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Power & Machinery Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Boyang Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Shuiyun Shen
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Power & Machinery Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Liuxuan Luo
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Power & Machinery Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Guofeng Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15261, United States
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Institute of Fuel Cells, School of Mechanical Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Power & Machinery Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, PR China
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34
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Lao X, Yang M, Chen J, Zhang LY, Guo P. The ethanol oxidation reaction on bimetallic PdxAg1-x nanosheets in alkaline media and their mechanism study. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.137912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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35
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Yang M, Pang M, Chen J, Gao F, Li H, Guo P. Surfactant-Assisted Synthesis of Palladium Nanosheets and Nanochains for the Electrooxidation of Ethanol. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:9830-9837. [PMID: 33605715 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c20146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of metal nanometer electrocatalysts with a two-dimensional (2D) structure or rich active sites has become a research hotspot in electrocatalysis. In this work, surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) was used to assist the synthesis and assembly of Pd ultrathin nanosheet with the help of Mo(CO)6 in the start system. Pd nanochain composed of nanoparticles is obtained under the same condition, replacing CTAB with carrageenan only. Electrochemical measurements showed that the catalytic peak current density for the electrooxidation of ethanol can reach 2145 mA mg-1 for the Pd nanosheet assembly (NSA) and 1696 mA mg-1 for Pd nanochains. Pd nanosheet assembly also has a lower electron-transfer barrier, better catalytic stability, and antipoisoning performance than that of Pd nanochains. The mechanism of Pd nanosheets and nanochains catalysts the enhanced electrocatalytic activity toward ethanol oxidation has been discussed based on the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Yang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Mingyuan Pang
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jianyu Chen
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Fahui Gao
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Hongliang Li
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Peizhi Guo
- Institute of Materials for Energy and Environment, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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36
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Pt3Mn alloy nanostructure with high-index facets by Sn doping modified for highly catalytic active electro-oxidation reactions. J Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2020.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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37
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Dietrich C, Chen S, Uzunidis G, Hähsler M, Träutlein Y, Behrens S. Bimetallic Pd/Sn-based Nanoparticles and their Catalytic Properties in the Semihydrogenation of Diphenylacetylene. ChemistryOpen 2021; 10:296-304. [PMID: 33751864 PMCID: PMC7944562 DOI: 10.1002/open.202000298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimetallic nanoparticles often enhance the catalytic performance of their monometallic counterparts by increasing reaction rates, catalyst selectivity, and/or stability. A prerequisite for understanding structure- and composition-associated properties, however, is the careful design of multimetallic nanoparticles with various structures and compositions. Here, bimetallic Pd/Sn-based nanoparticles are prepared with a tunable composition and structure exploiting ionic liquids (ILs) as reaction medium (i. e., methyltrioctylammonium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide). The nanoparticles are obtained in a one-pot synthetic procedure by reducing the metal salt precursors with triethylborohydride in the IL. The results show that the reaction parameters, in particular the nature and ratio of the Pd2+ /Sn2+ precursors as well as the reaction temperature, influence NP formation and composition. X-ray diffraction with Rietveld analysis and transmission electron microscopy are employed to determine NP size and phase composition. Under optimized reaction conditions Pd2 Sn or PdSn nanocrystals are formed as single-phase products after introducing an additional annealing step at 200 °C. Nanocrystals with intermetallic composition reveal enhanced catalytic properties in the semihydrogenation of diphenylacetylene which was used as a model reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Dietrich
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology (IKFT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D76344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls University HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Si Chen
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology (IKFT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D76344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls University HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Georgios Uzunidis
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology (IKFT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D76344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls University HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Martin Hähsler
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology (IKFT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D76344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls University HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
| | - Yannick Träutlein
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology (IKFT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D76344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
| | - Silke Behrens
- Institute of Catalysis Research and Technology (IKFT)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 D76344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Inorganic ChemistryRuprecht-Karls University HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 27069120HeidelbergGermany
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38
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Zhang G, Ma Y, Liu F, Fu X, Luan X, Qu F, Liu M, Zheng Y. Seeded Growth of Au@PdAg Alloy Core‐Shell Nano‐Dendrites with Tunable Size and Composition. Eur J Inorg Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202000776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gongguo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jining University Qufu Shandong 237000 P. R. China
| | - Yanyun Ma
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM) Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 P. R. China
| | - Feng Liu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy National Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shanxi 710049 China
| | - Xiaowei Fu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jining University Qufu Shandong 237000 P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Luan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong China
| | - Fengli Qu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Qufu Normal University Qufu Shandong China
| | - Maochang Liu
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy National Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an Shanxi 710049 China
| | - Yiqun Zheng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jining University Qufu Shandong 237000 P. R. China
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39
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Narayanaru S, Anilkumar GM, Ito M, Tamaki T, Yamaguchi T. An enhanced electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction on the SnOx–PdO surface of SnPd nanoparticles decorated on N-doped carbon fibers. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cy01437k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate on SnPd–NCF. The adsorbed bicarbonate ion promotes the protonation of CO2˙− to HCO2−.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreekanth Narayanaru
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama
- 226-8503 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology
| | - Gopinathan M. Anilkumar
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama
- 226-8503 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology
| | - Masaki Ito
- R&D Center, Noritake Co., Ltd
- Miyoshi
- 470-0293 Japan
| | - Takanori Tamaki
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama
- 226-8503 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology
| | - Takeo Yamaguchi
- Laboratory for Chemistry and Life Sciences
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Yokohama
- 226-8503 Japan
- Core Research for Evolutionary Science and Technology
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40
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Synthesis of Bimetallic PdAg Nanoparticles and Their Electrocatalytic Activity toward Ethanol. J CHEM-NY 2020. [DOI: 10.1155/2020/1917380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Palladium-based bimetallic nanoparticles (NPs) have been studied as important electrocatalysts for energy conversion due to their high electrocatalytic performance and the less usage of the noble metal. Herein, well-dispersed PdAg NPs with uniform size were prepared via oil bath accompanied with the hydrothermal method. The variation of the Ag content in PdAg NPs changed the lattice constant of the face-centered cubic alloy nanostructures continuously. The Pd/Ag molar ratio in the PdAg alloy NPs affected their size and catalytic activity toward ethanol electrooxidation. Experimental data showed that PdAg NPs with less Ag content exhibited better electrocatalytic activity and durability than pure Pd NPs owing to both the small size and the synergistic effect. PdAg-acac-4 with the Pd/Ag molar ratio of 4 : 1 in the start system possessed the highest catalytic current density of 2246 mA/mg for the electrooxidation of ethanol. The differences in the morphology and electrocatalytic activity of the as-made PdAg NPs have been discussed and analyzed.
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41
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Palma L, Almeida T, de Andrade A. Comparative study of catalyst effect on ethanol electrooxidation in alkaline medium: Pt- and Pd-based catalysts containing Sn and Ru. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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42
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Yang X, Liang Z, Chen S, Ma M, Wang Q, Tong X, Zhang Q, Ye J, Gu L, Yang N. A Phosphorus-Doped Ag@Pd Catalyst for Enhanced CC Bond Cleavage during Ethanol Electrooxidation. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2004727. [PMID: 33136339 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Ethanol is preferred to be oxidized into CO2 for the construction of a high-performance direct ethanol fuel cell since this complete ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) transfers 12 electrons. However, this EOR is sluggish and has the low activity as well as poor selectivity. To promote such a favorable EOR, more exactly the cleavage selectivity of CC bonds in ethanol, phosphorus-doped silver-core-and-Pd-shell catalysts (denoted as Ag@PdP) are designed and synthesized. In the alkaline media, a Ag@Pd2 P0.2 catalyst is superior toward EOR into CO2 . It exhibits seven times higher mass activity and six times higher selectivity than the benchmark Pd/C catalyst. As confirmed by means of density functional theory calculation and in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, such high performance stems from an increased adsorption energy of OH radicals on the Pd active sites. Meanwhile, the tensile strain effect of a core-shell structure of this Ag@Pd2 P0.2 catalyst favors the formation of adsorbed CH3 CO intermediate, the key species for the enhanced C-C cleavage into CO2 , instead of acetate. The proposed way to design and synthesize such high-performance EOR catalysts will explore the practical applications of direct alkaline ethanol fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaobo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zaipeng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Minjun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Xili Tong
- State Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion, Institute of Coal Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Jinyu Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361005, China
| | - Lin Gu
- Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
- Songshan Lake Materials Laboratory, Dongguan, Guangdong, 523808, China
| | - Nianjun Yang
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Siegen, Siegen, 57076, Germany
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43
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Obtaining C
2
and C
3
Products from Methane Using Pd/C as Anode in a Solid Fuel Cell‐type Electrolyte Reactor. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202000297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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44
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Roy Chowdhury S, Banik MS, Mahajan A, Kumar Bhattacharya S. Anode Catalytic Activity of Palladium‐Nickel Alloy Nanoparticles for Ethanol Oxidation in Alkali. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202002382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sreya Roy Chowdhury
- Physical Chemistry SectionDepartment of Chemistry Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Ms. Senjuti Banik
- Physical Chemistry SectionDepartment of Chemistry Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Ankita Mahajan
- Physical Chemistry SectionDepartment of Chemistry Jadavpur University Kolkata 700032 India
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45
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The history of organoplatinum chemistry in Iran: 40-year research. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-020-01892-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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46
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Siddharth K, Xing Z, Xiao F, Zhu S, Zhang L, Pan F, Shao M. Au Nanoparticles Modified with Pt, Ru and SnO 2 as Electrocatalysts for Ethanol Oxidation Reaction in Acids. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2174-2180. [PMID: 32449985 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The anodic reaction in direct ethanol fuel cells (DEFCs), ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) faces challenges, such as incomplete electrooxidation of ethanol and high cost of the most efficient electrocatalyst, Pt in acidic media at low temperature. In this study, core-shell electrocatalysts with an Au core and Pt-based shell (Au@Pt) are developed. The Au core size and Pt shell thickness play an important role in the EOR activity. The Au size of 2.8 nm and one layer of Pt provide the most optimized performance, having 6 times higher peak current density in contrast to commercial Pt/C. SnO2 as a support also enhances the EOR activity of Au@Pt by 1.73 times. Further modifying the Pt shell with Ru atoms achieve the highest EOR current density that is 15 and 2.5 times of Pt/C and Au@Pt. Our results suggest the importance of surface modification in rational design of advanced electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumar Siddharth
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Zelong Xing
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Fei Xiao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Shangqian Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Lili Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Chemistry of Low-Dimension Materials, Huaiyin Normal University, Huaian, 223300, Jiangsu, China
| | - Feng Pan
- School of Advanced Materials, Peking University, Shenzhen Graduate School, Shenzhen, China
| | - Minhua Shao
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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47
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High Active PdSn Binary Alloyed Catalysts Supported on B and N Codoped Graphene for Formic Acid Electro-Oxidation. Catalysts 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/catal10070751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of PdSn binary catalysts with varied molar ratios of Pd to Sn are synthesized on B and N dual-doped graphene supporting materials. The catalysts are characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Formic acid electro-oxidation reaction is performed on these catalysts, and the results reveal that the optimal proportion of Pd:Sn is 3:1. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements show that when compared with 3Pd1Sn/graphene, B and N co-doping into the graphene sheet can tune the electronic structure of graphene, favoring the formation of small-sized metallic nanoparticles with good dispersion. On the other hand, when compared with the monometallic counterparts, the incorporation of Sn can generate oxygenated species that help to remove the intermediates, exposing more active Pd sites. Moreover, the electrochemical tests illustrate that 3Pd1Sn/BN-G catalyst with a moderate amount of Sn exhibits the best catalytic activity and stability on formic acid electro-oxidation, owing to the synergistic effect of the Sn doping and the B, N co-doping graphene substrate.
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48
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Abstract
The electrooxidation kinetics of ethanol is key to making direct ethanol fuel cells and electrocatalytically reforming ethanol viable technologies for a more sustainable energy conversion. In this study, the electrooxidation of ethanol was investigated on nickel hydroxide (Ni(OH)2) catalysts synthesized using a facile solvothermal method. Variations in the temperature, heating time, and the addition of oleylamine in the precursor enabled the phase and morphology control of the catalysts. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy show that the addition of oleylamine in the precursor resulted in microspheres with a high surface area, but favored the formation of β-phase Ni(OH)2. Elevated temperatures or prolonged periods of heating in a controlled environment, on the other hand, can lead to the formation of the ethanol oxidation reaction-active α-phase. Among the synthesized catalysts, the α-Ni(OH)2 microspheres with nanoflakes achieved the highest activity for ethanol oxidation with a current density of 24.4 mA cm−2 at 1.55 V (vs. RHE, reversible hydrogen electrode) in cyclic voltammetry tests and stable at 40 mA cm−2 in chronoamperometric tests at the same potential, comparatively higher than other Ni-based catalysts found in the literature. While the overpotential is beyond the useful range for direct ethanol fuel cells, it may be useful for understanding the mechanism of ethanol oxidation reactions on transition metal hydroxides at their oxidizing potential for ethanol electroreforming.
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Luo L, Fu C, Yan X, Shen S, Yang F, Guo Y, Zhu F, Yang L, Zhang J. Promoting Effects of Au Submonolayer Shells on Structure-Designed Cu-Pd/Ir Nanospheres: Greatly Enhanced Activity and Durability for Alkaline Ethanol Electro-Oxidation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:25961-25971. [PMID: 32395980 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c05605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Rationally engineering the surface physicochemical properties of nanomaterials can improve their activity and durability for various electrocatalytic and energy conversion applications. Cu-Pd/Ir (CPI) nanospheres (NSs) anchored on N-doped porous graphene (NPG) [(CPI NSs/NPG)] have been recently demonstrated as a promising electrocatalyst for the alkaline ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR); to further enhance their electrocatalytic performance, the NPG-supported CPI NSs are coated with Au submonolayer (SML) shells (SMSs), through which their surface physicochemical properties can be tuned. CPI NSs/NPG is prepared by our previously developed method and possesses the special structures of composition-graded Cu1Pd1 and surface-doped Ir0.03. The Au SMSs with designed surface coverages are formed via an electrochemical technology involving incomplete Cu underpotential deposition (UPD) and Au3+ galvanic replacement. A distinctive volcano-type relation between the EOR electrocatalytic activity and the Au-SMS surface coverage for CPI@AuSML NSs/NPG is revealed, and the optimal CPI@Au1/6ML NSs/NPG greatly surpasses commercial Pd/C and CPI NSs/NPG in electrocatalytic activity and noble metal utilization. More importantly, its electrocatalytic durability in 1 h chronoamperometric and 500-cycle potential cycling degradation tests is also significantly improved. According to detailed physicochemical characterizations, electrochemical analyses, and density functional theory calculations, the promoting effects of the Au SMS for enhancing the EOR electrocatalytic activity and durability of CPI NSs/NPG can be mainly attributed to the greatly weakened carbonaceous intermediate bonding and properly increased surface oxidation potential. This work also proposes a versatile and effective strategy to tune the surface physicochemical properties of metal-based nanomaterials via incomplete UPD and metal-cation galvanic replacement for advancing their electrocatalytic and energy conversion performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuxuan Luo
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Cehuang Fu
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaohui Yan
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shuiyun Shen
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yangge Guo
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fengjuan Zhu
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lijun Yang
- Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Chemistry of MOE, Jiangsu Provincial Lab for Nanotechnology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Junliang Zhang
- Institute of Fuel Cells, Key Laboratory for Power Machinery and Engineering of MOE, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Chowdhury SR, Maiyalagan T, Bhattachraya SK, Gayen A. Influence of phosphorus on the electrocatalytic activity of palladium nickel nanoalloy supported on N-doped reduced graphene oxide for ethanol oxidation reaction. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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