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Xu Y, Hou W, Huang K, Guo H, Wang Z, Lian C, Zhang J, Wu D, Lei Z, Liu Z, Wang L. Engineering Built-In Electric Field Microenvironment of CQDs/g-C 3N 4 Heterojunction for Efficient Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2403607. [PMID: 38728594 PMCID: PMC11267297 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202403607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (CN), as a nonmetallic photocatalyst, has gained considerable attention for its cost-effectiveness and environmentally friendly nature in catalyzing solar-driven CO2 conversion into valuable products. However, the photocatalytic efficiency of CO2 reduction with CN remains low, accompanied by challenges in achieving desirable product selectivity. To address these limitations, a two-step hydrothermal-calcination tandem synthesis strategy is presented, introducing carbon quantum dots (CQDs) into CN and forming ultra-thin CQD/CN nanosheets. The integration of CQDs induces a distinct work function with CN, creating a robust interface electric field after the combination. This electric field facilitates the accumulation of photoelectrons in the CQDs region, providing an abundant source of reduced electrons for the photocatalytic process. Remarkably, the CQD/CN nanosheets exhibit an average CO yield of 120 µmol g-1, showcasing an outstanding CO selectivity of 92.8%. The discovery in the work not only presents an innovative pathway for the development of high-performance photocatalysts grounded in non-metallic CN materials employing CQDs but also opens new avenues for versatile application prospects in environmental protection and sustainable cleaning energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xu
- Institute of Nanochemistry and NanobiologySchool of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Weidong Hou
- Institute of Nanochemistry and NanobiologySchool of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Kai Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterialsand School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Huazhang Guo
- Institute of Nanochemistry and NanobiologySchool of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Zeming Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and NanobiologySchool of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Cheng Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical EngineeringShanghai Engineering Research Center of Hierarchical Nanomaterialsand School of Chemistry and Molecular EngineeringEast China University of Science and TechnologyShanghai200237P. R. China
| | - Jiye Zhang
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringShanghai University99 Shangda RoadShanghai200444P. R. China
| | - Deli Wu
- College of Environmental & EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092P. R. China
| | - Zhendong Lei
- College of Environmental & EngineeringTongji UniversityShanghai200092P. R. China
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringNanyang Technological University50 Nanyang AvenueSingapore639798Singapore
| | - Liang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and NanobiologySchool of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringShanghai UniversityShanghai200444P. R. China
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Yan C, Tang Z, Wang L, Piao Z, Wang H, Zhang Y. Covalently Linking Reduced Graphene Oxide Facilitated Electrodeposition of MoS 2 on Silicon Pyramidal Photocathode To Enhance Hydrogen Evolution. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:12427-12436. [PMID: 38804701 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, increasing attention has been paid to photoelectrochemical (PEC) hydrogen production owing to the utilization of sustainable solar energy and its promising performance. Silicon-based composites are generally considered ideal materials for PEC hydrogen production. However, slow reaction kinetics and poor stability are still key factors hindering the development of silicon-based photoelectrocatalysts. Herein, we present an n+-p Si pyramidal photocathode assembly method to load reduced graphene oxide (rGO) onto the surface of the n+-p Si pyramid by covalently linking (Si/rGO). rGO is utilized as a conductive layer to reduce the interfacial charge-transfer resistance. Then, MoS2 can be successfully electrodeposited on the surface of Si/rGO to form the Si/rGO/MoS2 composite, which possesses excellent PEC hydrogen evolution performance with a high and stable photocurrent of -41.6 mA cm-2 and a hydrogen evolution rate of about 18.1 μmol min-1 cm-2 under 0 V (vs RHE). The covalently linking rGO layer effectively enhances the transfer of photogenerated carriers between the Si substrate and MoS2. MoS2 provides abundant hydrogen evolution active sites, which accelerate the surface reaction kinetics, as well as a protective layer for the Si pyramidal array structure. This work provides a low-cost, convenient, and efficient way of preparing silicon-based photocathodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenyu Yan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Zheng Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Zhe Piao
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Honggui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
| | - Ya Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225127, China
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3
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Xiang J, Zhou F, Ma X, Wu J, Guo C, Qi Y, Yu J, Fan W, Fang W, Li K, Tao Z. Spherical cluster heterojunction engineering of NiFeP/g-C 3N 4 for efficient oxygen evolution reaction in alkaline solution. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 674:266-278. [PMID: 38936083 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
The construction of heterojunctions can reduce the energy barrier for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), which is crucial for the design of efficient electrocatalysts. A novel OER electrocatalyst, composed of g-C3N4-supported NiFeP spherical nanoclusters, was successfully synthesized using a simple hydrothermal method and a gas-phase precipitation method. Benefiting from its unique spherical nanocluster structure and strong electronic interactions among Ni, Fe, and P, the catalyst exhibited outstanding performance under alkaline conditions, with an overpotential of only 232 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm-2 and a Tafel slope of 103 mV dec-1. Additionally, the electrical resistance of NiFeP/g-C3N4 (Rct = 5.1 Ω) was much lower than that of NiFeP (Rct = 10.8 Ω) and layered g-C3N4 (Rct = 44.8 Ω). The formation of a Schottky barrier heterojunction efficiently reduced electron transfer impedance during the OER process, accelerating the electron transfer from g-C3N4 to NiFeP, enhancing the carrier concentration, and thereby improving the OER activity. Moreover, The robust g-C3N4 chain-mail protects NiFeP from adverse reaction environments, maintaining a balance between catalytic activity and stability. Furthermore, ab initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) and density functional theory (DFT) were conducted to explore the thermal stability and internal electron transfer behavior of the cluster heterojunction structure. This study offers a broader design strategy for the development of transition metal phosphide (TMPs) materials in the oxygen evolution reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junxin Xiang
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Fanghe Zhou
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xinxia Ma
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China.
| | - Jiang Wu
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China.
| | - Chengjie Guo
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Yumin Qi
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Jinlei Yu
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Weikai Fan
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Weijie Fang
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Kui Li
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Zhiwei Tao
- College of Energy and Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai University of Electric Power, Shanghai 200090, China
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Yang X, Lv X, Tong K, Peng M, He Z, Sun P, Sun X. Cocatalyst Modified Polymeric Carbon Nitride Photoanode for Enhanced Photoelectrochemical Properties. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300650. [PMID: 38308611 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
As a new organic photocatalyst, polymeric carbon nitride (CN) has shown good application potential in the field of photoelectrochemistry due to its unique physical and chemical properties, but its application has been seriously hindered due to its inherent characteristics such as the difficulty in charge separation. In this study, FeOOH modified CN photoanode (CN-Fe) was constructed to investigate the effect of the cocatalyst on the charge injection capacity of organic semiconductor photoelectrodes. The experimental results demonstrate significant improvement in the charge injection efficiency of the photoanode due to the introduction of FeOOH cocatalyst, leading to enhanced photoelectrochemical performance with approximately 2.4 times increase in photocurrent density. By thoroughly investigating the mechanism behind the loading of FeOOH on the polymeric carbon nitride photoanode, we gained profound insights into the behavior of charge carriers and reaction kinetics during the photoelectrocatalytic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuerong Yang
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Xiaowei Lv
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
- Hubei Three Gorges Laboratory, 443007, Yichang, Hubei, China
| | - Kun Tong
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Mengyang Peng
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Zeyao He
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Panpan Sun
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
| | - Xiaohua Sun
- College of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Inorganic Nonmetallic Crystalline and Energy Conversion Materials, China Three Gorges University, 443002, Yichang, China
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5
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Qiu S, Li J. High-Efficiency Ag-Modified ZnO/g-C 3N 4 Photocatalyst with 1D-0D-2D Morphology for Methylene Blue Degradation. Molecules 2024; 29:2182. [PMID: 38792044 PMCID: PMC11123889 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 04/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Photocatalysts with different molar ratios of Ag-modified ZnO to g-C3N4 were prepared through an electrostatic self-assembly method and characterized through techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The resulting Ag-ZnO/g-C3N4 photocatalysts exhibited a unique 1D-0D-2D morphology and Z-type heterojunction. Moreover, g-C3N4 nanosheets with large layer spacing were prepared using acid treatment and thermal stripping methods. The Z-type heterostructure and localized surface plasmon resonance effect of Ag nanowires enabled high-speed electron transfer between the materials, while retaining large amounts of active substances, and broadened the light response range. Because of these features, the response current of the materials improved, and their impedance and photoluminescence reduced. Among the synthesized photocatalysts, 0.05Ag-ZnO/g-C3N4 (molar ratio of g-C3N4/ZnO: 0.05) exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance under UV-visible light. It degraded 98% of methylene blue in just 30 min, outperforming both g-C3N4 (21% degradation in 30 min) and Ag-ZnO (84% degradation in 30 min). In addition, 0.05Ag-ZnO/g-C3N4 demonstrated high cycling stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyao Qiu
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China;
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Jin Li
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China;
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830017, China
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6
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Zhi F, Wu S, Lai C, He M, Deng W, Zhang D, Peng X, Wu Q, Xia J, Lu ZH, Wang M, Zhang WG, Xu J, Liu C, Peng G. Unravelling the Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting of Nanometer-Thick Carbon Nitride Layer. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2401123. [PMID: 38659372 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202401123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Matching the thickness of the graphitic carbon nitride (CN) nanolayer with the charge diffusion length is expected to compensate for the poor intrinsic conductivity and charge recombination in CN for photoelectrochemical cells (PEC). Herein, the compact CN nanolayer with tunable thickness is in situ coated on carbon fibers. The compact packing along with good contact with the substrate improves the electron transport and alleviates the charge recombination. The PEC investigation shows CN nanolayer of 93 nm-thick yields an optimum photocurrent of 116 µA cm-2 at 1.23 V versus RHE, comparable to most micrometer-thick CN layers, with a low onset potential of 0.2 V in 1 m KOH under 1 sun illumination. This optimum performance suggests the electron diffusion length matches with the thickness of the CN nanolayer. Further deposition of NiFe-layered double hydroxide enhanced the surface water oxidation kinetics, delivering an improved photocurrent of 210 µA cm-2 with IPCE of 12.8% at 400 nm. The CN nanolayer also shows extended potential in PEC organic synthesis. This work experimentally reveals the PEC behavior of the nanometer-thick CN layer, providing new insights into CN in the application of energy and environment-related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengmei Zhi
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Suqin Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chen Lai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Mao He
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Wenjie Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Dexu Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Xiaoying Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Qizheng Wu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Jiawei Xia
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Catalytic Materials and Technology, Advanced Catalysis and Green Manufacturing Collaborative Innovation Center, Changzhou University, Changzhou, 213164, China
| | - Zhang-Hui Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
| | - Mingzhan Wang
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Wei-Guang Zhang
- GDMPA Key Laboratory for Process Control and Quality Evaluation of Chiral Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemistry, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jingsan Xu
- School of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, 4001, Australia
| | - Chong Liu
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA
| | - Guiming Peng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, National Engineering Research Center for Carbonhydrate Synthesis, Key Lab of Fluorine and Silicon for Energy Materials and Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, 330022, China
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7
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Zhong X, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Jia Z, Jiang M, Sun Q, Yao J. Intramolecular Quaternary Carbon Nitride Homojunction for Enhanced Visible Light Hydrogen Production. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2402219. [PMID: 38634337 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202402219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In this work, an intramolecular carbon nitride (CN)-based quaternary homojunction functionalized with pyridine rings is prepared via an in situ alkali-assisted copolymerization strategy of bulk CN and 2-aminopyridine for efficient visible light hydrogen generation. In the obtained structure, triazine-based CN (TCN), heptazine-based CN (HCN), pyridine unit incorporated TCN, and pyridine ring inserted HCN constitute a special multicomponent system and form a built-in electric field between the crystalline semiconductors by the arrangement of energy band levels. The electron-withdrawing function of the conjugated heterocycle can trigger the skeleton delocalization and edge induction effect. Highly accelerated photoelectron-hole transfer rates via multi-stepwise charge migration pathways are achieved by the synergistic effect of the functional group modification and molecular quaternary homojunction. Under the addition of 5 mg 2-aminopyridine, the resulting homojunction framework exhibits a significantly improved hydrogen evolution rate of 6.64 mmol g-1 h-1 with an apparent quantum efficiency of 12.27% at 420 nm. Further, the catalyst verifies its potential commercial value since it can produce hydrogen from various real water environments. This study provides a reliable way for the rational design and fabrication of intramolecular multi-homojunction to obtain high-efficient photocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhong
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Yuxiang Zhu
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Zhengtao Jia
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Qiufan Sun
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Jianfeng Yao
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Green Biomass-based Fuels and Chemicals, College of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
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8
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Swathi AC, Sandhiya ST, B S, Chandran M. Precursor dependent - Visible light-driven g-C 3N 4 coated polyurethane foam for photocatalytic applications. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 350:141013. [PMID: 38145847 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.141013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysis has emerged as a highly effective method for eliminating organic pollutants from wastewater. The immobilization of photocatalysts on a suitable solid surface is highly desired to achieve enhanced photocatalytic activity. In this work, graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) is synthesized with three different precursors (melamine, thiourea, and urea) via a simple thermal exfoliation method and successfully immobilized on a polyurethane (PU) foam using the facile dip coating method. The photocatalytic activity of g-C3N4 bulk and g-C3N4 nanosheets-coated PU foams are compared using methyl orange dye and tetracycline hydrochloride as a test pollutant under visible light irradiation. Our results show that the type of precursors and surface area of the sample have a significant role in photocatalytic dye degradation. The urea-based g-C3N4 - PU foam shows better photocatalytic activity than the melamine or thiourea based g-C3N4 - PU foam. The scavenger test unveils that superoxide radical (O2●-) and holes (h+) are the main reactive oxidative species responsible for MO dye and TcH degradations. The cycling experiments are also carried out to confirm the reusability of the g-C3N4 floating catalyst for practical applications. Furthermore, a possible reaction mechanism has also been proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A C Swathi
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India
| | - S T Sandhiya
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India
| | - Sreelakshmi B
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India
| | - Maneesh Chandran
- Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Kerala, 673601, India.
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9
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Zhang M, Zhang Y, Liu Q, He WQ, Liu J. Exploring g-C 3N 4 as a green additive for biodegradable poly(butylene adipate- co-terephthalate) film with enhanced UV shielding and mechanical properties. RSC Adv 2024; 14:3611-3616. [PMID: 38264269 PMCID: PMC10804232 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07407b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Typical small organic dyes exhibit excellent UV absorption capabilities and are commonly used as additives to shield plastic films from photoaging. However, their tendency to decompose easily and migrate rapidly within a polymer matrix limits their service life. Herein we prepared g-C3N4 nanosheets and fabricated g-C3N4/PBAT films to investigate the effects of g-C3N4 on UV shielding and plasticizing of a biodegradable PBAT film. Photophysical characterizations revealed that an improved UV light barrier performance was achieved on g-C3N4/PBAT films compared to pure PBAT. Furthermore, the photoaging results show that g-C3N4 can stably exist in the PBAT matrix, enabling the aged g-C3N4/PBAT films to maintain their effective UV shielding ability, whereas the aged benzophenone (UV-0)/PBAT film shows a substantial decrease in UV light absorption due to the photodecomposition of UV-0. Additionally, g-C3N4 acted as a reinforcing material for PBAT, as evidenced by the approximately 1.5-fold increase in longitudinal tear strength and 1.6-fold increase in tensile strength of g-C3N4/PBAT films compared to pure PBAT. Remarkably, even after 100 hours of photoaging, the aged g-C3N4/PBAT films retained their favorable mechanical properties. This study highlights the potential of g-C3N4 as a new type of UV shield additive for future practical applications in protecting biodegradable plastic from photoaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maolin Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China
| | - Yining Zhang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China
| | - Qi Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China
| | - Wen-Qing He
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China
- Institute of Western Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Changji Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region 831100 China
| | - Jialei Liu
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081 China
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10
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Shahin R, Yadav RK, Verma RK, Singh C, Singh S, Kim TW, Gupta NK, Baeg JO. Revolutionizing carbon chemistry: Solar-powered C(sp 3 )-N bond activation and CO 2 transformation via newly designed SBE-Y cutting-edge dynamic photocatalyst. Photochem Photobiol 2023. [PMID: 38102890 DOI: 10.1111/php.13895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
A solvent-free sulfur-bridge-eosin-Y (SBE-Y) polymeric framework photocatalyst was prepared for the first time through an in situ thermal polymerization route using elemental sulfur (S8 ) as a bridge. The addition of a sulfur bridge to the polymeric framework structure resulted in an allowance of the harvesting range of eosin-Y (E-Y) for solar light. This shows that a wider range of solar light can be used by the bridge material's photocatalytic reactions. In this context, supercharged solar spectrum: enhancing light absorption and hole oxidation with sulfur bridges. This suggests that the excited electrons and holes through solar light can contribute to oxidation-reduction reactions more potently. As a result, the photocatalyst-enzyme attached artificial photosynthesis system developed using SBE-Y as a photocatalyst performs exceptionally well, resulting in high 1,4-NADH regeneration (86.81%), followed by its utilization in the exclusive production of formic acid (210.01 μmol) from CO2 and synthesis of fine chemicals with 99.9% conversion yields. The creation of more effective photocatalytic materials for environmental clean-up and other applications that depend on the solar light-driven absorption spectrum of inorganic and organic molecules could be one of the practical ramifications of this research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rehana Shahin
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India
| | - Rajesh K Yadav
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India
| | - Rajesh K Verma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Harcourt Butler Technical University, Kanpur, India
| | - Chandani Singh
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Satyam Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Madan Mohan Malaviya University of Technology, Gorakhpur, India
| | - Tae Wu Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Mokpo University, Muan-gun, Korea
| | - Navneet K Gupta
- Centre for Sustainable Technologies, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Jin OoK Baeg
- Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
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11
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Hou W, Guo H, Wu M, Wang L. Amide Covalent Bonding Engineering in Heterojunction for Efficient Solar-Driven CO 2 Reduction. ACS NANO 2023; 17:20560-20569. [PMID: 37791704 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Inefficient charge separation and slow interfacial reaction dynamics significantly hamper the efficiency of photocatalytic CO2 reduction. Herein, a facile EDC/NHS-assisted linking strategy was developed to enhance charge separation in heterojunction photocatalysts. Using this approach, we successfully synthesized amide-bonded carbon quantum dot-g-C3N4 (CQD-CN) heterojunction photocatalysts. The formation of amide covalent bonds between CN and CQDs in the CN-CQD facilitates efficient carrier migration, CO2 adsorption, and activation. Exploiting these advantages, the CN-CQD photocatalysts exhibit high selectivity with CO and CH4 evolution rates of 79.2 and 2.7 μmol g-1 h-1, respectively. These rates are about 1.7 and 3.6 times higher than those of CN@CQD and bulk CN, respectively. Importantly, the CN-CQD photocatalysts demonstrate exceptional stability, even after 12 h of continuous testing. The presence of the COOH* signal is identified as a crucial intermediate species in the conversion of CO2 to CO. This study presents a covalent bonding engineering strategy for developing high-performance heterojunction photocatalysts for efficient solar-driven reduction of CO2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Hou
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Huazhang Guo
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Minghong Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Compound Pollution Control Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Liang Wang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
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12
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Xiao L, Zhao Y, Chang G, Yan H, Zou R, Zhang X, Wang S, He H. A 3D phytic acid cross-linked high-porous conductive hydrogel integrating g-C 3N 4 for electrochemical multiplex sensing of heavy metal ions. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1269:341341. [PMID: 37290849 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
It is a great challenge to develop an effective super-sensitive capture method for multiplex heavy metal ions (HMIs), because HMIs is extremely toxic to public health and the environment, what's more their contamination is usually multiplex ions pollution. In this work, a 3D high-porous conductive polymer hydrogel was designed and prepared with high-stable and easy mass production, which is very favorable for the industrialization. The polymer hydrogel (g-C3N4-P(Ani-Py)-PAAM) was formed from the mixture of aniline pyrrole copolymer and acrylamide cross-linked with phytic acid as dopant and cross-linker and integrated with g-C3N4. The 3D networked high-porous hydrogel not only exhibits excellent electrical conductivity, but also provides a large surface area for increasing the number of immobilized ions. Importantly, the 3D high-porous conductive polymer hydrogel was applied successfully in electrochemical multiplex sensing of HIMs. The prepared sensor used differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry exhibited high sensitivities, low detection limit and wide detection ranges for Cd2+, Pb2+, Hg2+ and Cu2+, respectively. Moreover, the sensor showed a high accuracy in lake water test. The preparation and application of the hydrogel in electrochemical sensor provided an availability strategy to capture and detect the various HMIs by electrochemistry in solution and has great commercial application prospect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xiao
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Yulan Zhao
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Gang Chang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Huiling Yan
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Rong Zou
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Xiuhua Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Shengfu Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China
| | - Hanping He
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials Co-constructed by the Province and Ministry, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430062, China.
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13
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Long B, He H, Yu Y, Cai W, Gu Q, Yang J, Meng S. Bifunctional Hot Water Vapor Template-Mediated Synthesis of Nanostructured Polymeric Carbon Nitride for Efficient Hydrogen Evolution. Molecules 2023; 28:4862. [PMID: 37375417 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulating bulk polymeric carbon nitride (PCN) into nanostructured PCN has long been proven effective in enhancing its photocatalytic activity. However, simplifying the synthesis of nanostructured PCN remains a considerable challenge and has drawn widespread attention. This work reported the one-step green and sustainable synthesis of nanostructured PCN in the direct thermal polymerization of the guanidine thiocyanate precursor via the judicious introduction of hot water vapor's dual function as gas-bubble templates along with a green etching reagent. By optimizing the temperature of the water vapor and polymerization reaction time, the as-prepared nanostructured PCN exhibited a highly boosted visible-light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity. The highest H2 evolution rate achieved was 4.81mmol∙g-1∙h-1, which is over four times larger than that of the bulk PCN (1.19 mmol∙g-1∙h-1) prepared only by thermal polymerization of the guanidine thiocyanate precursor without the assistance of bifunctional hot water vapor. The enhanced photocatalytic activity might be attributed to the enlarged BET specific surface area, increased active site quantity, and highly accelerated photo-excited charge-carrier transfer and separation. Moreover, the sustainability of this environmentally friendly hot water vapor dual-function mediated method was also shown to be versatile in preparing other nanostructured PCN photocatalysts derived from other precursors such as dicyandiamide and melamine. This work is expected to provide a novel pathway for exploring the rational design of nanostructured PCN for highly efficient solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baihua Long
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Hongmei He
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Wenwen Cai
- College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Pingxiang University, Pingxiang 337055, China
| | - Quan Gu
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jing Yang
- College of Health Science and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Technology University, Shenzhen 518118, China
| | - Sugang Meng
- Key Laboratory of Green and Precise Synthetic Chemistry and Applications, Ministry of Education, Huaibei Normal University, Huaibei 235000, China
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14
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Gao J, Li M, Chen H, Guo L, Li Z, Wang X. Microstructure Regulation of Graphitic Carbon Nitride Nanotubes via Quick Thermal Polymerization Process for Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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15
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Ma J, Das J, Zhang J, Cheng J, Sorcar S, Rosen BA, Shekhter P, Dobrovetsky R, Flaxer E, Yavor Y, Shen R, Kaminker I, Goldbourt A, Gozin M. Carbon-Nitride Popcorn-A Novel Catalyst Prepared by Self-Propagating Combustion of Nitrogen-Rich Triazenes. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2205994. [PMID: 36638248 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202205994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The interest in development of non-graphitic polymeric carbon nitrides (PCNs), with various C-to-N ratios, having tunable electronic, optical, and chemical properties is rapidly increasing. Here the first self-propagating combustion synthesis methodology for the facile preparation of novel porous PCN materials (PCN3-PCN7) using new nitrogen-rich triazene-based precursors is reported. This methodology is found to be highly precursor dependent, where variations in the terminal functional groups in the newly designed precursors (compounds 3-7) lead to different combustion behaviors, and morphologies of the resulted PCNs. The foam-type highly porous PCN5, generated from self-propagating combustion of 5 is comprehensively characterized and shows a C-to-N ratio of 0.67 (C3 N4.45 ). Thermal analyses of PCN5 formulations with ammonium perchlorate (AP) reveal that PCN5 has an excellent catalytic activity in the thermal decomposition of AP. This catalytic activity of PCN5 is further evaluated in a closer-to-application scenario, showing an increase of 18% in the burn rate of AP-Al-HTPB (with 2 wt% of PCN5) solid composite propellant. The newly developed template- and additive-free self-propagating combustion synthetic methodology using specially designed nitrogen-rich precursors should provide a novel platform for the preparation of non-graphitic PCNs with a variety of building block chemistries, morphologies, and properties suitable for a broad range of technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210000, China
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Jagadish Das
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- Sauvage Laboratory for Smart Materials, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Saurav Sorcar
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Brian A Rosen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Center for Advanced Combustion Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Pini Shekhter
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Roman Dobrovetsky
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Eli Flaxer
- Afeka Tel Aviv Academic College of Engineering, Tel Aviv, 69107, Israel
| | - Yinon Yavor
- Afeka Tel Aviv Academic College of Engineering, Tel Aviv, 69107, Israel
| | - Ruiqi Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Ilia Kaminker
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Amir Goldbourt
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Michael Gozin
- School of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Center for Advanced Combustion Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 69978, Israel
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16
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Li X, Chen D, Li N, Xu Q, Li H, Lu J. Efficient photocatalytic hydrogen peroxide production induced by the strong internal electric field of all-organic S-scheme heterojunction. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 633:691-702. [PMID: 36481424 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.11.146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Light-driven reaction of oxygen and water to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is an environmental protection method, which can convert solar energy into green products. In this work, perylene-3, 4, 9, 10-tetracarboxylic diimide (PDINH) could be recrystallized in situ on the surface of porous carbon nitride (PCN), to obtain an all-organic S-scheme heterojunction (PDINH/PCN). The design of the hierarchical porous photocatalyst improved the mass transfer, enhanced the light absorption and increased specific surface area. Moreover, the construction of the S-scheme heterojunction at the interface of PDINH and PCN exhibited suitable band, which facilitated the separation and transfer of carriers. The H2O2 production rate was up to 922.4 μmol g-1h-1, which was 2.6 and 53.3 times higher than that of PCN and PDINH. Therefore, the all-organic S-scheme heterojunction provides an insight for improving the photocatalytic H2O2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqing Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Dongyun Chen
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Najun Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Qingfeng Xu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Hua Li
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China
| | - Jianmei Lu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzhou Nano Science and Technology, College of Chemistry Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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17
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Wang W, Lv B, Tao F. NiO/g-C 3N 4 composite for enhanced photocatalytic properties in the wastewater treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:25620-25634. [PMID: 36413264 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-24121-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The massive discharge of colored wastewater has seriously harmed the environment and people's health. Photocatalysis technology is an effective method to purify colored wastewater and has been widely concerned in colored wastewater treatment. In this study, based on the obtained nickel oxide (NiO) nanospheres by solvothermal method and graphite phase carbon nitride (g-C3N4) nanosheets by thermal polymerization method, the p-n heterojunction composed of NiO nanospheres and g-C3N4 nanosheets was successfully constructed by heat treatment for the photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange (MO). The morphology, crystallinity, surface features, and optical properties of the NiO/g-C3N4 composites were investigated by various characterization methods such as scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), UV-vis spectrophotometer, and fluorescence spectrometer (PL), which provided the evidence for the formation of the heterojunction between NiO and g-C3N4. Compared with the g-C3N4 nanosheets and NiO nanospheres, the NiO/g-C3N4 composites showed the improved photocatalytic activity for the degradation of MO under visible light irradiation. And the NiO/g-C3N4 composite with the mole ratio of NiO and g-C3N4 of 2:8 displayed the best photocatalytic activity of MO, and more than 90% of MO can be degraded under the illumination of 100 min. The high photocatalytic properties over the NiO/g-C3N4 composite may be due to high specific surface area, the perfect band matching, and the formation of the p-n heterojunction, which helps to promote interfacial charge transfer and hinder the recombination of photo-generated electrons and holes. Moreover, the NiO/g-C3N4 composite exhibits the universality and cyclic stability, which is expected to have broad application prospects in the treatment of colored wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Beifeng Lv
- School of Civil Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Feifei Tao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaoxing University, Shaoxing, 312000, Zhejiang, China.
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18
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Li Y, Pang X, Zhao Q, Zhang B, Guo X, Zhang Y, Xie Y, Qin C, Jing L. Controlled Synthesis of Nitro-Terminated Oligothiophene/Crystallinity-Improved g-C 3N 4 Heterojunctions for Enhanced Visible-Light Catalytic H 2 Production. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:5365-5377. [PMID: 36648964 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c21849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is highly desired to explore closely contacted polymer semiconductor/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalysts with promoted photogenerated-carrier separation and extended visible-light response for efficient visible-light-driven H2 production. Here, we first synthesized the nitro-terminated oligothiophene (OTh) by the controlled copolymerization of thiophene and 2-nitrothiophene monomers, then constructed the nitro-terminated oligothiophene/crystallinity-improved g-C3N4 (OTh/g-C3N4) heterojunctions by a grinding-induced combination strategy. The ratio-optimized 20OTh5/g-C3N4 shows highly efficient H2 production activity up to 3.63 mmol h-1 g-1 under visible-light irradiation, with ∼25.9-time enhancement compared to that of g-C3N4. As verified by time-resolved photoluminescence spectra, surface photovoltage spectra, and the fluorescence spectra related to •OH amounts, the improved photocatalytic activity is due to the promoted photogenerated-carrier transfer and separation in the heterojunctions and the expanded visible-light response. It is also confirmed that the controlled OTh chain length, improved g-C3N4 crystallinity, and tight interface contact dependent on the hydrogen bonds and N···S interactions between OTh and g-C3N4 are reasonable for enhanced photogenerated-carrier separation with the electron transfer from OTh to g-C3N4. This work illustrates a feasible strategy to construct efficient polymer semiconductor/g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalysts for solar-light-driven H2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
- Engineering Research Center for Hemp and Product in Cold Region of Ministry of Education, Qiqihar University, Qiqihar 161006, People's Republic of China
| | - Xulong Pang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Bingmiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanli Qin
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
| | - Liqiang Jing
- Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Material Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, People's Republic of China
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19
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Facile synthesis of NiO-loaded g-C3N4 heterojunction photocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol under visible light irradiation. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2023.114576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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20
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Hayat A, Sohail M, Anwar U, Taha TA, Qazi HIA, Amina, Ajmal Z, Al-Sehemi AG, Algarni H, Al-Ghamdi AA, Amin MA, Palamanit A, Nawawi WI, Newair EF, Orooji Y. A Targeted Review of Current Progress, Challenges and Future Perspective of g-C 3 N 4 based Hybrid Photocatalyst Toward Multidimensional Applications. CHEM REC 2023; 23:e202200143. [PMID: 36285706 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202200143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
The increasing demand for searching highly efficient and robust technologies in the context of sustainable energy production totally rely onto the cost-effective energy efficient production technologies. Solar power technology in this regard will perceived to be extensively employed in a variety of ways in the future ahead, in terms of the combustion of petroleum-based pollutants, CO2 reduction, heterogeneous photocatalysis, as well as the formation of unlimited and sustainable hydrogen gas production. Semiconductor-based photocatalysis is regarded as potentially sustainable solution in this context. g-C3 N4 is classified as non-metallic semiconductor to overcome this energy demand and enviromental challenges, because of its superior electronic configuration, which has a median band energy of around 2.7 eV, strong photocatalytic stability, and higher light performance. The photocatalytic performance of g-C3 N4 is perceived to be inadequate, owing to its small surface area along with high rate of charge recombination. However, various synthetic strategies were applied in order to incorporate g-C3 N4 with different guest materials to increase photocatalytic performance. After these fabrication approaches, the photocatalytic activity was enhanced owing to generation of photoinduced electrons and holes, by improving light absorption ability, and boosting surface area, which provides more space for photocatalytic reaction. In this review, various metals, non-metals, metals oxide, sulfides, and ferrites have been integrated with g-C3 N4 to form mono, bimetallic, heterojunction, Z-scheme, and S-scheme-based materials for boosting performance. Also, different varieties of g-C3 N4 were utilized for different aspects of photocatalytic application i. e., water reduction, water oxidation, CO2 reduction, and photodegradation of dye pollutants, etc. As a consequence, we have assembled a summary of the latest g-C3 N4 based materials, their uses in solar energy adaption, and proper management of the environment. This research will further well explain the detail of the mechanism of all these photocatalytic processes for the next steps, as well as the age number of new insights in order to overcome the current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Hayat
- College of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, Zhejiang, PR, China.,College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
| | - Muhammad Sohail
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Huzhou), University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Huzhou, 313001, P.R. China
| | - Usama Anwar
- Soochow Institute for Energy and Materials Innovations, College of Energy, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215006, China
| | - T A Taha
- Physics Department, College of Science, Jouf University, P.O. Box 2014, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia.,Physics and Engineering Mathematics Department, Faculty of Electronic Engineering, Menoufia University, Menouf, 32952, Egypt
| | - H I A Qazi
- College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing, 400065, China
| | - Amina
- Department of Physics, Bacha Khan University Charsadda, Pakistan
| | - Zeeshan Ajmal
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710072, Xian, PR China
| | - Abdullah G Al-Sehemi
- Research Center for Adv. Mater. Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hamed Algarni
- Research Center for Adv. Mater. Science (RCAMS), King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha, 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed A Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Amin
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arkom Palamanit
- Energy Technol. Program, Department of Specialized Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Prince of Songkla University, 15 Karnjanavanich Rd., Hat Yai, Songkhla 90110, Thailand
| | - W I Nawawi
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Perlis, 02600, Arau Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Emad F Newair
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Sohag University, Sohag, 82524, Egypt
| | - Yasin Orooji
- College of Geography and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, China
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21
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Ye Z, Yue W, Tayyab M, Zhang J, Zhang J. Simple one-pot, high-yield synthesis of 2D graphitic carbon nitride nanosheets for photocatalytic hydrogen production. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:18542-18548. [PMID: 36444748 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03272d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
2-Dimensional (2D) graphitic carbon nitrate (g-C3N4) nanosheets are particularly interesting photocatalytic materials because of their large surface area and excellent photoelectric properties. However, it remains challenging to synthesize 2D g-C3N4 nanosheets with high yield and high activity simultaneously. In this work, a urea-assisted one-pot method was developed in which the decomposition of urea released NH3 gas which exfoliated bulk g-C3N4 into thin nanosheets and generated pores and wrinkles on their surface. The product g-C3N4 nanosheets therefore possessed abundant surface active sites for interaction with reactants and showed enhanced light utilization efficiency, giving rise to their improved hydrogen production activity which was 3.36 times higher than that of their bulk counterpart. Importantly, the yield of g-C3N4 nanosheets using this method was almost doubled compared to a previously reported ammonium chloride (NH4Cl) assisted method. Given that g-C3N4 nanosheets are building blocks for various photocatalysts, the current synthetic method which produces g-C3N4 nanosheets with high yield and high activity shall pave the way for high-performance photocatalytic applications such as hydrogen production and more.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Ye
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-Media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, Shanghai 200237, China.,Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Wenhui Yue
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-Media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, Shanghai 200237, China.,Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-Media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, Shanghai 200237, China.,Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jungang Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-Media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, Shanghai 200237, China.,Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-Media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, Shanghai 200237, China.,Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science & Technology, Shanghai 200237, China.
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22
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Zhang H, Cao Y, Li Z, Gao Y, Shangguan L, Sun J, Lang L, Lei W. Improved charge transport through 2D framework in fully condensed carbon nitride for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen production. J Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2022.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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23
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Song K, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Yu G, Zhang M, Zhang Y, Qiao L, Liu M, Yin N, Zhao Y, Tao Y. Efficient tetracycline degradation under visible light irradiation using CuBi2O4/ZnFe2O4 type II heterojunction photocatalyst based on two spinel oxides. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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Lin H, Xiao Y, Geng A, Bi H, Xu X, Xu X, Zhu J. Research Progress on Graphitic Carbon Nitride/Metal Oxide Composites: Synthesis and Photocatalytic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12979. [PMID: 36361768 PMCID: PMC9658189 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Although graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has been reported for several decades, it is still an active material at the present time owing to its amazing properties exhibited in many applications, including photocatalysis. With the rapid development of characterization techniques, in-depth exploration has been conducted to reveal and utilize the natural properties of g-C3N4 through modifications. Among these, the assembly of g-C3N4 with metal oxides is an effective strategy which can not only improve electron-hole separation efficiency by forming a polymer-inorganic heterojunction, but also compensate for the redox capabilities of g-C3N4 owing to the varied oxidation states of metal ions, enhancing its photocatalytic performance. Herein, we summarized the research progress on the synthesis of g-C3N4 and its coupling with single- or multiple-metal oxides, and its photocatalytic applications in energy production and environmental protection, including the splitting of water to hydrogen, the reduction of CO2 to valuable fuels, the degradation of organic pollutants and the disinfection of bacteria. At the end, challenges and prospects in the synthesis and photocatalytic application of g-C3N4-based composites are proposed and an outlook is given.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Junjiang Zhu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-Dyeing & Finishing, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China
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25
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Kumar Singh A, Das C, Indra A. Scope and prospect of transition metal-based cocatalysts for visible light-driven photocatalytic hydrogen evolution with graphitic carbon nitride. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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26
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An efficient and robust chain-mail electrocatalyst Ni2P @ g-C3N4 for oxygen evolution in alkaline solution. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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27
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Determination and degradation of carbamazepine using g-C3N4@CuS nanocomposite as sensitive fluorescence sensor and efficient photocatalyst. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.109512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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28
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Enhanced Degradation of Rhodamine B through Peroxymonosulfate Activated by a Metal Oxide/Carbon Nitride Composite. WATER 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/w14132054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The development of high catalytic performance heterogeneous catalysts such as peroxymonosulfate (PMS) activators is important for the practical remediation of organic pollution caused by Rhodamine B (RhB). An economical and facile synthesized composite of copper–magnesium oxide and carbon nitride (CM/g-C3N4) was prepared by the sol-gel/high-temperature pyrolysis method to activate PMS for RhB degradation. CM/g-C3N4 exhibited a splendid structure for PMS activation, and the aggregation of copper–magnesium oxide was decreased when it was combined with carbon nitride. The introduction of magnesium oxide and carbon nitride increased the specific surface area and pore volume of CM/g-C3N4, providing more reaction sites. The low usage of CM/g-C3N4 (0.3 g/L) and PMS (1.0 mM) could rapidly degrade 99.88% of 10 mg/L RhB, and the RhB removal efficiency maintained 99.30% after five cycles, showing the superior catalytic performance and reusability of CM/g-C3N4. The synergistic effect of copper and g-C3N4 improved the PMS activation. According to the analyses of EPR and quenching experiments, SO4•−, •OH and O2•− radicals and 1O2 were generated in the activation of PMS, of which SO4•− and 1O2 were important for RhB removal. The toxicity of RhB was alleviated after being degraded by the CM/g-C3N4/PMS system. This study provides an efficient and promising strategy for removing dyes in water due to the hybrid reaction pathways in the CM/g-C3N4/PMS system.
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Liu Z, Wu S, Li M, Zhang J. Selective Photocatalytic CO 2 Reduction to CH 4 on Tri- s-triazine-Based Carbon Nitride via Defects and Crystal Regulation: Synergistic Effect of Thermodynamics and Kinetics. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:25417-25426. [PMID: 35635545 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c03913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Realizing the high selectivity of CH4 from the photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) remains a great challenge owing to the lower efficiency of multi-electron transfer and the similar thermodynamic properties of CH4 and CO. Herein, nitrogen-deficient carbon nitride two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets were prepared via the high-temperature crystalline phase transformation process. Optimizing crystallinity enhances the in-plane polarization along the a-axis. Owing to the increased electron density of the N defect, the kinetic possibilities of CH4 production have increased. Furthermore, the potential energy of the mid-gap states introduced by the N defect favors the thermodynamics of CH4 production. The selectivity values of CH4 based on yield and electrons are 87.1 and 96.4%. This work unravels the mechanism to selectively produce CH4 from CO2 photoreduction through the crystalline phase and defect regulation and provides significant guidance for the rational design of CO2 reduction photocatalysts for selective CH4 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiguo Liu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-Media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Shiqun Wu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-Media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Mingyang Li
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-Media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
| | - Jinlong Zhang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center for Multi-Media Environmental Catalysis and Resource Utilization, Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
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30
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Enhancement of Phenol degradation, using of novel Z-scheme Bi2WO6/C3N4/TiO2 composite: Catalyst and operational parameters optimization. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.114065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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31
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Zhang W, Xing P, Zhang C, Zhang J, Hu X, Zhao L, He Y. Facile synthesis of strontium molybdate coupled g-C3N4 composite for effective tetracycline and dyes degradation under visible light. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2022.103573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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32
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Zhang J, Zhang X, Bi S. Two-Dimensional Quantum Dot-Based Electrochemical Biosensors. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:bios12040254. [PMID: 35448314 PMCID: PMC9026491 DOI: 10.3390/bios12040254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional quantum dots (2D-QDs) derived from two-dimensional sheets have received increasing interest owing to their unique properties, such as large specific surface areas, abundant active sites, good aqueous dispersibility, excellent electrical property, easy functionalization, and so on. A variety of 2D-QDs have been developed based on different materials including graphene, black phosphorus, nitrides, transition metal dichalcogenides, transition metal oxides, and MXenes. These 2D-QDs share some common features due to the quantum confinement effects and they also possess unique properties owing to their structural differences. In this review, we discuss the categories, properties, and synthetic routes of these 2D-QDs and emphasize their applications in electrochemical biosensors. We deeply hope that this review not only stimulates more interest in 2D-QDs, but also promotes further development and applications of 2D-QDs in various research fields.
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33
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Gaseous mercury capture using iodine-modified carbon nitride derived from guanidine hydrochloride. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2021.139171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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34
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Wang L, Dong Y, Zhang J, Tao F, Xu J. Construction of NiO/g-C3N4 p-n heterojunctions for enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2022.122878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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35
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Environment Friendly g-C3N4-Based Catalysts and Their Recent Strategy in Organic Transformations. HIGH ENERGY CHEMISTRY 2022. [PMCID: PMC8960706 DOI: 10.1134/s0018143922020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Organic molecules synthesized in an environmentally friendly manner have excellent therapeutic potential. The entire preparation technique was examined in the existence of a light source, implying that light has been replaced by heating and the usage of dangerous chemicals has decreased, resulting in less pollution of the environment. The advantages of these nanocarbon catalysts include high efficiency, environmentally friendly synthesis, eco-friendly, inexpensive, and non-corrodible. In organic transformations, solid metal base/metal-free catalysts produce better results. Here, the metal-free semiconductor g-C3N4 was used to demonstrate the catalytic behavior of organic conversions. g-C3N4 is a two-dimensional material and a p‑type semiconductor to enhance the photocatalytic activity. The excellent properties of g-C3N4 sheet lead to the support of metals to form metal-organic frameworks. Most of the reactions gained positive response under visible light irradiation. This review will inspire readers in widen the applications of g-C3N4 based catalyst in various organic transformation reactions.
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36
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Cuprum/Carbon Co-doped Carbon Nitride with Adjustable Light Absorption and Carrier Separation for Synergistically Enhanced Photocatalytic Wastewater Purification. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-022-02303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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37
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Song Q, Heng S, Wang W, Guo H, Li H, Dang D. Binary Type-II Heterojunction K7HNb6O19/g-C3N4: An Effective Photocatalyst for Hydrogen Evolution without a Co-Catalyst. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050849. [PMID: 35269338 PMCID: PMC8912307 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The binary type-II heterojunction photocatalyst containing g-C3N4 and polyoxoniobate (PONb, K7HNb6O19) with excellent H2 production activity was synthesized by decorating via a facile hydrothermal method for the first time. The as-fabricated Nb–CN-0.4 composite displayed a maximum hydrogen evolution rate of 359.89 µmol g−1 h−1 without a co-catalyst under the irradiation of a 300 W Xenon Lamp, which is the highest among those of the binary PONb-based photocatalytic materials reported. The photophysical and photochemistry analyses indicated that the hydrogen evolution performance could be attributed to the formation of a type-II heterojunction, which could not only accelerate the transfer of photoinduced interfacial charges, but also effectively inhibit the recombination of electrons and holes. This work could provide a useful reference to develop an inexpensive and efficient photocatalytic system based on PONb towards H2 production.
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38
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Li C, Cao S, Lutzki J, Yang J, Konegger T, Kleitz F, Thomas A. A Covalent Organic Framework/Graphene Dual-Region Hydrogel for Enhanced Solar-Driven Water Generation. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:3083-3090. [PMID: 35138088 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c11689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Solar-driven water generation is a sustainable water treatment technology, helping to relieve global water scarcity issues. However, this technology faces great challenges due to the high energy consumption of water evaporation yielding low evaporation rates. Here, a covalent organic framework (COF)/graphene dual-region hydrogel, containing hydrophilic and hydrophobic regions in one material, is developed through a facile in situ growth strategy. The hydrophilic COF is covering parts of the hydrophobic graphene regions. Through accurate control of both wetting regions, the hybrid hydrogel shows effective light-harvesting, tunable wettability, optimized water content, and lowered energy demand for water vaporization. Acting as solar absorber, the dual-region hydrogel exhibits a steam generation rate as high as 3.69 kg m-2 h-1 under 1 sun irradiation (1 kW m-2), which competes well with other state-of-the-art materials. Furthermore, this hydrogel evaporator can be used to produce drinkable water from seawater and sewage, demonstrating the potential for water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changxia Li
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Inorganic Chemistry-Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sijia Cao
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jana Lutzki
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie, Institut für Chemie, Technische Universität Berlin, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Konegger
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Technische Universität Wien, Getreidemarkt 9/164, 1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Freddy Kleitz
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry-Functional Materials, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Arne Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Functional Materials, Technische Universität Berlin, Hardenbergstraße 40, 10623 Berlin, Germany
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39
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Fang Y, Hou Y, Fu X, Wang X. Semiconducting Polymers for Oxygen Evolution Reaction under Light Illumination. Chem Rev 2022; 122:4204-4256. [PMID: 35025505 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Sunlight-driven water splitting to produce hydrogen fuel has stimulated intensive scientific interest, as this technology has the potential to revolutionize fossil fuel-based energy systems in modern society. The oxygen evolution reaction (OER) determines the performance of overall water splitting owing to its sluggish kinetics with multielectron transfer processing. Polymeric photocatalysts have recently been developed for the OER, and substantial progress has been realized in this emerging research field. In this Review, the focus is on the photocatalytic technologies and materials of polymeric photocatalysts for the OER. Two practical systems, namely, particle suspension systems and film-based photoelectrochemical systems, form two main sections. The concept is reviewed in terms of thermodynamics and kinetics, and polymeric photocatalysts are discussed based on three key characteristics, namely, light absorption, charge separation and transfer, and surface oxidation reactions. A satisfactory OER performance by polymeric photocatalysts will eventually offer a platform to achieve overall water splitting and other advanced applications in a cost-effective, sustainable, and renewable manner using solar energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yidong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
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40
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ZnS-modified carbon nitride nanosheet with enhanced performance of elemental Hg removal: An experimental and density functional theory study. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-1050-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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41
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Ethanol Solvothermal Treatment on Graphitic Carbon Nitride Materials for Enhancing Photocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution Performance. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12020179. [PMID: 35055198 PMCID: PMC8779218 DOI: 10.3390/nano12020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Pt-loaded graphic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) materials have attracted great attention as a photocatalyst for hydrogen evolution from water. The simple surface modification of g-C3N4 by hydrothermal methods improves photocatalytic performance. In this study, ethanol is used as a solvothermal solvent to modify the surface properties of g-C3N4 for the first time. The g-C3N4 is thermally treated in ethanol at different temperatures (T = 140 °C, 160 °C, 180 °C, and 220 °C), and the Pt co-catalyst is subsequently deposited on the g-C3N4 via a photodeposition method. Elemental analysis and XPS O 1s data confirm that the ethanol solvothermal treatment increased the contents of the oxygen-containing functional groups on the g-C3N4 and were proportional to the treatment temperatures. However, the XPS Pt 4f data show that the Pt2+/Pt0 value for the Pt/g-C3N4 treated at ethanol solvothermal temperature of 160 °C (Pt/CN-160) is the highest at 7.03, implying the highest hydrogen production rate of Pt/CN-160 is at 492.3 μmol g−1 h−1 because the PtO phase is favorable for the water adsorption and hydrogen desorption in the hydrogen evolution process. In addition, the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy data and the photoluminescence spectra emission peak intensify reflect that the Pt/CN-160 had a more efficient charge separation process that also enhanced the photocatalytic activity.
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42
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Zhan X, Zhao Y, Zhou G, Yu J, Wang H, Shi H. Oxygen-containing groups and P doped porous carbon nitride nanosheets towards enhanced photocatalytic activity. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 287:132399. [PMID: 34597630 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free polymer graphite carbon nitride (CN) is a promising photocatalyst that has garnered significant research attention. However, unmodified CN possesses several shortcomings such as low specific surface area, poor dispersibility in water, and rapid photogenerated electron-hole recombination, which have severely impacted its mass adoption. Here, this study proposed a two-step heat treatment method to incorporate P dopant and the containing-oxygen groups successively into CN. The final product, denoted as PO-CN, possessed a porous ultrathin nanosheet-like morphology. The introduction of P dopant altered the intrinsic electronic structure of CN. Meanwhile, the presence of oxygen-containing groups improved the dispersibility of PO-CN in water. Also, it led to the formation of a porous ultrathin structure that could provide more active sites. Through the synergistic effects of these two methods, PO-CN demonstrated superior photocatalytic performance compared to the unmodified counterpart. Based on the collective results obtained experimentally and theoretically, PO-CN possessed a porous ultrathin structure, low resistance, and low carrier recombination. The results show an optimal hydrogen evolution rate of PO-CN (997.7 mol h-1 g-1), which was 11.2 times and 3.22 times that of the CN (88.89 mol h-1 g-1) and PCN (310.3 mol h-1 g-1). Moreover, PO-CN was then used in the degradation of Rhodamine B, and a degradation kinetic constant (k) of 0.15009 was calculated, which was 18.42 times and 8.22 times higher as compared to those of CN (0.00815) and PCN (0.01826). Hence, this work provides a new strategy for the alteration of the morphology and electronic structure of CN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohui Zhan
- College of Environment & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Yue Zhao
- College of Environment & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Gaoyan Zhou
- College of Environment & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Jiaxin Yu
- College of Environment & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - He Wang
- College of Environment & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China
| | - Huixiang Shi
- College of Environment & Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, PR China.
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43
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Li X, Chen X, Fang Y, Lin W, Hou Y, Anpo M, Fu X, Wang X. High-performance potassium poly(heptazine imide) films for photoelectrochemical water splitting. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7541-7551. [PMID: 35872826 PMCID: PMC9241972 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc02043b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Potassium poly(heptazine imide) photoanode is synthesized, and owing to the improved crystallinity, it has presented a remarkable performance for solar-driven water splitting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaochun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoxiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yuanxing Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Wei Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Yidong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Masakazu Anpo
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xianzhi Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
| | - Xinchen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350116, P. R. China
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44
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Su T, Chi M, Chang H, Jin Y, Liao W, Ren W, Zhao D, Len C, Lü H. Enhanced oxidative desulfurization of fuel in ionic liquid by TiO2 quantum dots catalysts modified with Anderson-type polyoxometalate. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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45
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Li A, Qiao Y, Jiang X, Zhao M, Zhao L. Facile synthesis of high-efficiency magnetic graphitic carbon nitride adsorbents for the selective removal of hazardous anionic dyes in wastewater. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:15842-15853. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02320b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel composite adsorbent was successfully prepared by a simple impregnation method. The prepared adsorbent not only exhibits ultra-efficient and selective removal of anionic dyes, but also shows excellent performance in practical water samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwen Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yongyao Qiao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xu Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Min Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Longshan Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, 103 Wenhua Road Shenhe District, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
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46
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Hu Y, Zhang P, Du J, Kim C, Han S, Choi W. Bifunctional Carbon Nitride Exhibiting both Enhanced Photoactivity and Residual Catalytic Activity in the Post-Irradiation Dark Period. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.1c04564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Hu
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Peng Zhang
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Juanshan Du
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Chuhyung Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Seungmok Han
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
| | - Wonyong Choi
- Division of Environmental Science and Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), Pohang 37673, Korea
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47
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Nikookar M, Rezaeifard A, Maasoumeh Jafarpour, Grzhegorzhevskii KV, Ostroushko AA. A top-down design for easy gram scale synthesis of melem nano rectangular prisms with improved surface area. RSC Adv 2021; 11:38862-38867. [PMID: 35493241 PMCID: PMC9044278 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07440g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
An unprecedented top-down design for the preparation of melem by 1 h stirring of melamine-based g-C3N4 in 80 °C concentrated sulfuric acid (95-98%) was discovered. The melem product was formed selectively as a monomer on the gram scale without the need for controlled conditions, inert atmosphere, and a special purification technique. The as-prepared air-stable melem showed a distinctive nano rectangular prism morphology that possesses a larger surface area than the melems achieved by traditional bottom-up designs making it a promising candidate for catalysis and adsorption processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Nikookar
- Catalysis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand Birjand 97175-414 Iran
| | - Abdolreza Rezaeifard
- Catalysis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand Birjand 97175-414 Iran
| | - Maasoumeh Jafarpour
- Catalysis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand Birjand 97175-414 Iran
| | - Kirill V Grzhegorzhevskii
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University named after the B. N. Yeltsin Ekaterinburg 620002 Russia
| | - Alexander A Ostroushko
- Institute of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Ural Federal University named after the B. N. Yeltsin Ekaterinburg 620002 Russia
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48
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Chou YC, Lin YY, Lu CS, Liu FY, Lin JH, Chen FH, Chen CC, Wu WT. Controlled hydrothermal synthesis of BiO xCl y/BiO mBr n/g-C 3N 4 composites exhibiting visible-light photocatalytic activity. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2021; 297:113256. [PMID: 34311251 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.113256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The first systematic synthesis of bismuth oxychloride/bismuth oxybromide/graphitic carbon nitride (BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/g-C3N4) nano-composites used a controlled hydrothermal method. The structure, morphology and characteristic of BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/g-C3N4 photocatalyst were measured by XRD, UV-vis-DRS, FT-IR, FE-TEM, FE-SEM-EDS, PL, BET, HR-XPS and EPR. Under visible light irradiation, the photodegradation activity was evaluated for the decolorization of crystal violet (CV) and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (2-HBA) in aqueous solution. The catalytic performance showed that, when using sample BB2C1-4-250-30 wt% g-C3N4 composite as a photocatalyst, the best reaction-rate-constant (k) was 0.071 h-1. It was 1.5 times higher than the k value of BB2C1-4-250 as a photocatalyst. From the scavenging effect of various scavengers, the results of EPR showed that reactive OH was the main scavenger, while O2-, h+ and 1O2 were the second scavenger in CV degradation. In this study, a possible photodegradation mechanism was proposed and discussed. In this work, our method of BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/g-C3N4 preparation could be used for future mass production and the BiOxCly/BiOmBrn/g-C3N4 composite materials could be applied to the environmental pollution control in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Chou
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yun Lin
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Shin Lu
- Department of General Education, National Taichung University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Yu Liu
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hao Lin
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Fu-Hsuan Chen
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan
| | - Chiing-Chang Chen
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan.
| | - Wu-Tsan Wu
- Department of Science Education and Application, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung, 403, Taiwan.
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49
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Li X, Huang G, Chen X, Huang J, Li M, Yin J, Liang Y, Yao Y, Li Y. A review on graphitic carbon nitride (g-C 3N 4) based hybrid membranes for water and wastewater treatment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 792:148462. [PMID: 34465053 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) has gained enormous attention for water and wastewater treatment. Compared with g-C3N4 nanopowders, g-C3N4 based hybrid membranes have demonstrated great potential for its superior practicability. This review outlines the preparation and characterization of g-C3N4 based hybrid membranes and presents their representative applications in water and wastewater treatment (e.g., removal of organic dyes, phenolic compounds, pharmaceuticals, salt ions, heavy metals, and oils). Meanwhile, g-C3N4 based films for the removal of contaminants through photocatalytic degradation is also summarized. In addition, the corresponding mechanisms and relevant findings are discussed. Finally, the challenges and research needs in the future and application of g-C3N4 based hybrid membranes are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Guohe Huang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, China-Canada Center for Energy, Environment and Ecology Research, UR-BNU, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
| | - Xiujuan Chen
- Institute for Energy, Environment and Sustainable Communities, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jing Huang
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Mengna Li
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Jianan Yin
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Ying Liang
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2, Canada
| | - Yongping Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, China-Canada Center for Energy, Environment and Ecology Research, UR-BNU, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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50
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Zhu L, Luo J, Dong G, Lu Y, Lai Y, Liu J, Chen G, Zhang Y. Enhanced photocatalytic degradation of organic contaminants over a CuO/g-C 3N 4 p-n heterojunction under visible light irradiation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:33373-33379. [PMID: 35497548 PMCID: PMC9042295 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05329a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
As a kind of metal-free organic semiconductor photocatalyst, g-C3N4 has been widely explored for use in photocatalysis. However, the low quantum yield, small absorption range, and poor conductivity limit its large-scale application. Introducing another kind of semiconductor, particularly an oxide semiconductor, can result in some unexpected properties, such as an improved change transfer, enhanced light absorption, and better conductivity. In this work, CuO/g-C3N4 is successfully prepared through an impregnation and post-calcination method. A series of measurements support the formation of an organic-inorganic hybrid p–n heterojunction at the CuO (p-type) and g-C3N4 (n-type) interface. Furthermore, the photoactivity of the composite is evaluated via photocatalytic NO removal and the visible degradation of rhodamine B (RhB). Results show that the photocatalytic properties of CuO/g-C3N4 are almost twice as high as those of g-C3N4. In comparative tests, the photocatalytic degradation performance of Mix-CuO/g-C3N4 (the mixture of CuO and g-C3N4 nanosheets prepared by mechanically mixing) is even lower than that of pure g-C3N4. The degradation of RhB is only 19.7% under visible light after 30 min of irradiation. The improvement in the photoactivity of CuO/g-C3N4 results from the built-in electric field close to the formed p–n heterojunction, which switches the electron transfer mechanism from a double-charge transfer mechanism to a Z-scheme mechanism. In addition, the formed p–n heterojunction favors charge transfer, and thus the photocatalytic performance is significantly improved. The p–n heterojunction could enhance the photocatalytic RhB degradation performance of Cu/g-C3N4.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Lejie Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University Shaoguan 512005 PR China
| | - Jianmin Luo
- College of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University Shaoguan 512005 PR China
| | - Guohui Dong
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanxi University of Science and Technology Xi'an 710021 PR China
| | - Yun Lu
- Xinjiang Teacher College Urumqi 830011 PR China
| | - Yinlong Lai
- College of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University Shaoguan 512005 PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- Chengdu Customs Technology Center Chengdu 610041 PR China
| | - Guanmei Chen
- College of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University Shaoguan 512005 PR China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Civil Engineering, Shaoguan University Shaoguan 512005 PR China
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