1
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Hu Y, Li Y, Cao Y, Shen Y, Zou X, Liu J, Zhao J. Advancements in enzymatic biotransformation and bioactivities of rare ginsenosides: A review. J Biotechnol 2024; 392:78-89. [PMID: 38945483 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2024.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/24/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Ginsenoside, the principal active constituent of ginseng, exhibits enhanced bioavailability and medicinal efficacy in rare ginsenosides compared to major ginsenosides. Current research is focused on efficiently and selectively removing sugar groups attached to the major ginsenoside sugar chains to convert them into rare ginsenosides that meet the demands of medical industry and functional foods. The methods for preparing rare ginsenosides encompass chemical, microbial, and enzymatic approaches. Among these, the enzyme conversion method is highly favored by researchers due to its exceptional specificity and robust efficiency. This review summarizes the biological activities of different rare ginsenosides, explores the various glycosidases used in the biotransformation of different major ginsenosides as substrates, and elucidates their respective corresponding biotransformation pathways. These findings will provide valuable references for the development, utilization, and industrial production of ginsenosides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbo Hu
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yiming Li
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yi Cao
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Yuzhu Shen
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Xianjun Zou
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130024, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Jilin Province Product Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- School of Food Sciences and Engineering, Changchun University, Changchun 130024, China.
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2
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Zhao H. Recent advances in enzymatic carbon-carbon bond formation. RSC Adv 2024; 14:25932-25974. [PMID: 39161440 PMCID: PMC11331486 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra03885a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic carbon-carbon (C-C) bond formation reactions have become an effective and invaluable tool for designing new biological and medicinal molecules, often with asymmetric features. This review provides a systematic overview of key C-C bond formation reactions and enzymes, with the focus of reaction mechanisms and recent advances. These reactions include the aldol reaction, Henry reaction, Knoevenagel condensation, Michael addition, Friedel-Crafts alkylation and acylation, Mannich reaction, Morita-Baylis-Hillman (MBH) reaction, Diels-Alder reaction, acyloin condensations via Thiamine Diphosphate (ThDP)-dependent enzymes, oxidative and reductive C-C bond formation, C-C bond formation through C1 resource utilization, radical enzymes for C-C bond formation, and other C-C bond formation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems Engineering, University of Minnesota St. Paul MN 55108 USA
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3
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Chen J, Shi D, Wu Q, Chen K, Zhang Y, Xu X, Li H. Magnetically-separable quasi-homogeneous catalyst: Brush-type ionic liquid polymer coated magnetic polymer microspheres for tandem reactions to produce 4H-pyrans/biodiesel. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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4
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Yang Y, Han B, Dong F, Lv J, Lu H, Sun Y, Lei Z, Yang Z, Ma H. A Cost-Effective Way to Produce Gram-Scale 18O-Labeled Aromatic Aldehydes. Org Lett 2022; 24:4409-4414. [PMID: 35699733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Obtaining 18O-labeled organic substances is of great research importance and also an extremely challenging work. In this work, depending on the reversed Knoevenagel reaction, 18O-labeled aromatic aldehydes (3a-3x) are successfully obtained with high total yields (52-72%) and sufficient 18O abundance (90.90-96.09%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Bingyang Han
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Fenghao Dong
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Jiawei Lv
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Huiming Lu
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Yuqing Sun
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Ziqiang Lei
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Zengming Yang
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
| | - Hengchang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Eco-functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Eco-environmental Polymer Materials of Gansu Province, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, China
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5
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Li F, Wang C, Xu Y, Gao X, Xu Y, Xie H, Chen P, Wang L. Lipase‐Catalyzed Synthesis of Anthrone Functionalized Benzylic Amines via a Multicomponent Reaction in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202104517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fengxi Li
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Ciduo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Yaning Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Xiaojun Gao
- Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University Yan Ji, Yanji 133000(P. R. China
| | - Yuelin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Hanqing Xie
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- The Second Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchun Jilin University Changchun 130041 P. R. China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education School of Life Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130023 P. R. China
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6
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Hara T, Habe M, Nakanishi H, Fujimura T, Sasai R, Moriyoshi C, Kawaguchi S, Ichikuni N, Shimazu S. Specific lift-up behaviour of acetate-intercalated layered yttrium hydroxide interlayer in water: application for heterogeneous Brønsted base catalysts toward Knoevenagel reactions. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy02328d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The basal (00l) plane of acetate-intercalated layered yttrium hydroxide (CH3COO−/Y-LRH), synthesised by an anion exchange using Cl−/Y-LRH as a parent material, increased in water, and the lifted-up layered structure was generated immediately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Hara
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Maoko Habe
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Hikaru Nakanishi
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Takuya Fujimura
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Ryo Sasai
- Department of Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane 690-8504, Japan
| | - Chikako Moriyoshi
- Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Shogo Kawaguchi
- Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Sayo-gun, Hyogo 679-5198, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Ichikuni
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Shogo Shimazu
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Chiba University, Yayoi, Inage, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
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Li WN, Fan DD. Biocatalytic strategies for the production of ginsenosides using glycosidase: current state and perspectives. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2020; 104:3807-3823. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-020-10455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 02/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Haas CP, Tallarek U. Kinetics Studies on a Multicomponent Knoevenagel-Michael Domino Reaction by an Automated Flow Reactor. ChemistryOpen 2019; 8:606-614. [PMID: 31110932 PMCID: PMC6511915 DOI: 10.1002/open.201900124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The optimization of complex chemical reaction systems is often a troublesome and time‐consuming process. The application of modern technologies, including automated reactors and analytics, opens the avenue for generating large data sets on chemical reaction processes in a short period of time. In this work, an automated flow reactor is used to present detailed kinetics and mechanistic studies about an amine‐catalyzed Knoevenagel−Michael domino reaction to yield tetrahydrochromene derivatives. High‐performance monoliths as catalyst supports and online coupled HPLC analysis allow for time‐efficient data generation. We show that the two‐step multicomponent domino reaction does not follow the kinetics of consecutive reaction steps proceeding independently from each other. Instead, the starting materials of both individual reactions compete for the active sites on the heterogeneous catalyst, which lowers the rate constants of both steps. This knowledge was used to implement a more efficient experimental setup which increased the turnover numbers of the catalyst, without adjusting common reaction parameters like temperature, reaction time, and concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian P Haas
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 D-35032 Marburg Germany
| | - Ulrich Tallarek
- Department of Chemistry Philipps-Universität Marburg Hans-Meerwein-Strasse 4 D-35032 Marburg Germany
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9
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Meng D, Qiao Y, Wang X, Wen W, Zhao S. DABCO-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation of aldehydes with ethyl cyanoacetate using hydroxy ionic liquid as a promoter. RSC Adv 2018; 8:30180-30185. [PMID: 35546849 PMCID: PMC9085423 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra06506c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
N-(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-pyridinium chloride ([HyEtPy]Cl) was synthesized and explored as a novel promoter for 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO)-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation reactions, which showed better catalytic activity compared to other ionic liquid (IL) that had no hydroxyl group attached to the IL scaffold. The effect of hydrogen bond formation between the hydroxyl group of [HyEtPy]Cl and the carbonyl group of aldehyde played an important role in the Knoevenagel condensation reaction. In the [HyEtPy]Cl–H2O–DABCO composite system, Knoevenagel condensation reactions proceeded smoothly and cleanly, and the corresponding Knoevenagel condensation products were obtained in good to excellent yields in all cases examined. This protocol provides a versatile solvent–catalyst system, which has notable advantages such as being eco-friendly, ease of work-up and convenient reuse of the ionic liquid. N-(2-Hydroxy-ethyl)-pyridinium chloride ([HyEtPy]Cl) was synthesized and explored as a novel promoter for 1,4-diazabicyclo [2.2.2] octane (DABCO)-catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation reactions, excellent catalytic activity was obtained.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Meng
- School Chemistry and Material Science
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen 041001
- China
| | - Yongsheng Qiao
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
| | - Wei Wen
- Department of Chemistry
- Xinzhou Teachers University
- Xinzhou 034000
- China
| | - Sanhu Zhao
- School Chemistry and Material Science
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen 041001
- China
- Department of Chemistry
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10
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Yang F, Wang Z, Wang H, Wang C, Wang L. An efficient condensation of substituted salicylaldehyde and malononitrile catalyzed by lipase under microwave irradiation. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra10565j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipase-catalyzed condensation of substituted salicylaldehyde and malononitrile under microwave irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjuan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
- P R China
- College of Life Science
| | - Zhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
- P R China
- College of Life Science
| | - Haoran Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
- P R China
- College of Life Science
| | - Chunyu Wang
- State Key Laborarory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
- China
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of Ministry of Education
- Jilin University
- Changchun 130023
- P R China
- College of Life Science
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11
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Boukouvalas J, Thibault C. Step-Economical Synthesis of the Marine Ascidian Antibiotics Cadiolide A, B, and D. J Org Chem 2014; 80:681-4. [DOI: 10.1021/jo502503w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- John Boukouvalas
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Charles Thibault
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Pavillon Alexandre-Vachon, 1045 Avenue de la Médecine, Quebec City, Quebec G1V 0A6, Canada
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