1
|
Bao Y, Zheng C, Xiong K, Hu C, Lu P, Wang Y, Lu Z. Enantioconvergent Hydroboration of E/ Z-Mixed Trisubstituted Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38994866 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c06585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
The lack of mode for chirality recognition makes it particularly challenging to carry out asymmetric transformations on E/Z-mixed minimally functionalized trisubstituted alkenes. Here, we report a catalytic enantioconvergent hydroboration of minimally functionalized trisubstituted E/Z-mixed alkenes to construct chiral organoboronic esters with excellent enantioselectivity using chiral radical cobalt catalyst. This C(sp3)-H borylation protocol showed good functional group tolerance and products could be converted to valuable compounds via C-B derivatizations. The mechanistic studies, which included control experiments, nonlinear effect experiments, deuterated labeling experiments, and X-ray diffraction, demonstrated that the favorable compatibility between the thermodynamically unfavorable isomerization and hydroboration was the key factor in achieving convergent transformation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yinwei Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Chenggong Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Kangyu Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Chenke Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Peng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yuwen Wang
- Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, P. R. China
| | - Zhan Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kainat SF, Hawsawi MB, Mughal EU, Naeem N, Almohyawi AM, Altass HM, Hussein EM, Sadiq A, Moussa Z, Abd-El-Aziz AS, Ahmed SA. Recent developments in the synthesis and applications of terpyridine-based metal complexes: a systematic review. RSC Adv 2024; 14:21464-21537. [PMID: 38979466 PMCID: PMC11228761 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra04119d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Terpyridine-based metal complexes have emerged as versatile and indispensable building blocks in the realm of modern chemistry, offering a plethora of applications spanning from materials science to catalysis and beyond. This comprehensive review article delves into the multifaceted world of terpyridine complexes, presenting an overview of their synthesis, structural diversity, and coordination chemistry principles. Focusing on their diverse functionalities, we explore their pivotal roles in catalysis, supramolecular chemistry, luminescent materials, and nanoscience. Furthermore, we highlight the burgeoning applications of terpyridine complexes in sustainable energy technologies, biomimetic systems, and medicinal chemistry, underscoring their remarkable adaptability to address pressing challenges in these fields. By elucidating the pivotal role of terpyridine complexes as versatile building blocks, this review provides valuable insights into their current state-of-the-art applications and future potential, thus inspiring continued innovation and exploration in this exciting area of research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Mohammed B Hawsawi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Nafeesa Naeem
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat Gujrat-50700 Pakistan
| | - Abdulaziz M Almohyawi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Hatem M Altass
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| | - Essam M Hussein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Assiut University 71516 Assiut Egypt
| | - Amina Sadiq
- Department of Chemistry, Govt. College Women University Sialkot-51300 Pakistan
| | - Ziad Moussa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, United Arab Emirates University P.O. Box 15551 Al Ain United Arab Emirates
| | - Alaa S Abd-El-Aziz
- Qingdao Innovation and Development Centre, Harbin Engineering University Qingdao 266400 China
| | - Saleh A Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University 21955 Makkah Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Saunders TM, Shepard SB, Hale DJ, Robertson KN, Turculet L. Highly Selective Nickel-Catalyzed Isomerization-Hydroboration of Alkenes Affords Terminal Functionalization at Remote C-H Position. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301946. [PMID: 37466914 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
We report herein the synthesis and characterization of nickel complexes supported by tridentate and bidentate phosphino(silyl) ancillary ligands, along with the successful application of these complexes as precatalysts for the hydroboration of terminal and internal alkenes using pinacolborane (HBPin). These reactions proceeded with low nickel loadings of 2.5-5 mol % in the absence of co-solvent, and in some cases at room temperature. Isomerization to afford exclusively the terminal hydroboration product was obtained across a range of internal alkenes, including tri- and tetra-substituted examples. This reactivity is unprecedented for nickel and offers a powerful means of achieving functionalization at a C-H position remote from the C=C double bond. Nickel-catalyzed deuteroboration experiments using DBPin support a mechanism involving 1,2-insertion of the alkene and subsequent chain-walking, which results in isotopic scrambling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler M Saunders
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Sydney B Shepard
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Dylan J Hale
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - Katherine N Robertson
- Department of Chemistry, Saint Mary's University, 923 Robie Street, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - Laura Turculet
- Department of Chemistry, Dalhousie University, 6274 Coburg Road, P.O. Box 15000, Halifax, Nova Scotia, B3H 4R2, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kumar S, Kumar M, Bhalla V. Cobalt-Centered Supramolecular Nanoensemble for Regulated Aerobic Oxidation of Alcohols and "One-Pot" Synthesis of Quinazolin-4(3 H)-ones. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:49246-49258. [PMID: 37844300 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2023]
Abstract
The supramolecular assemblies of the donor-acceptor (D-A) system Im-Tpy, having phenanthro[9,10-d]imidazole as the donor and terpyridyl group as the acceptor unit, have been developed, which serve as supramolecular host to stabilize Co(II) in its nanoform. The as-prepared supramolecular nanoensemble Im-Tpy@Co in DMSO:water (7:3) shows high thermal stability and photostability. Even in the case of solvent mismatch, i.e., on dilution with cosolvent THF/DMSO, insignificant changes were observed in the size/morphology of the nanoensemble. The as-prepared Im-Tpy@Co nanoensemble in low catalytic loading (0.1 mol % of Co) catalyzes the oxidation of a wide variety of alcohols to aromatic aldehydes/ketones using visible light radiations as the source of energy without the need of any additive at room temperature. In comparison to already reported systems, the Im-Tpy@Co nanoensemble exhibits high turnover numbers (TONs) and turnover frequencies (TOFs). The practical application of the catalytic system has also been demonstrated in the gram-scale synthesis of 4-chlorobenzaldehyde. The Im-Tpy@Co nanoensemble exhibits recyclability up to four catalytic cycles with insignificant leaching and morphological changes. The present study also demonstrates the catalytic activity of the Im-Tpy@Co nanoensemble in "one-pot" synthesis of quinazolin-4(3H)-ones from 2-aminobenzamide and primary alcohols with better efficiency in comparison to other transition-metal-based catalytic systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored-Centre of Advance Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored-Centre of Advance Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| | - Vandana Bhalla
- Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored-Centre of Advance Studies-II, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab 143005, India
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Luque-Gómez A, García-Orduña P, Lahoz FJ, Iglesias M. Synthesis and catalytic activity of well-defined Co(I) complexes based on NHC-phosphane pincer ligands. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:12779-12788. [PMID: 37615585 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt00463e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
A new methodology for the preparation of Co(I)-NHC (NHC = N-heterocyclic carbene) complexes, namely, [Co(PCNHCP)(CO)2][Co(CO)4] (1) and [Co(PCNHCP)(CO)2]BF4 (2), has been developed (PCNHCP = 1,3-bis(2-(diphenylphosphanyl)ethyl)-imidazol-2-ylidene). Both complexes can be straightforwardly prepared by direct reaction of their parent imidazolium salts with the Co(0) complex Co2(CO)8. Complex 1 efficiently catalyses the reductive amination of furfural and levulinic acid employing silanes as reducing agents under mild conditions. Furfural has been converted into a variety of secondary and tertiary amines employing dimethyl carbonate as the solvent, while levulinic acid has been converted into pyrrolidines under solventless conditions. Dehydrocoupling of the silane to give polysilanes has been observed to occur as a side reaction of the hydrosilylation process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Luque-Gómez
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Manuel Iglesias
- Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, C/Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009-Zaragoza, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang G, Zeng H, Zadori N, Marino C, Zheng S, Neary MC. Homoleptic octahedral Co II complexes as precatalysts for regioselective hydroboration of alkenes with high turnover frequencies. RSC Adv 2023; 13:28089-28096. [PMID: 37746341 PMCID: PMC10517108 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra06113b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Homoleptic complexes adopting octahedral coordination modes are usually less active in catalysis due to the saturated coordination around metal centers that prevents substrate activation in a catalytic event. In this work, we demonstrated that a homoleptic octahedral cobalt complex (1) of 4'-pyridyl-2,2';6',2''-terpyridine that experienced monoprotonation at the non-coordinating pyridyl moiety upon crystallization could serve as a highly efficient precatalyst for the hydroboration of styrene derivatives with Markovnikov selectivity. The solid-state structure of this precatalyst along with relevant homoleptic CoII and FeII complexes has been characterized by X-ray crystallography. In the solid state, 1 features one-dimensional hydrogen-bonded chains that are further stacked by interchain π⋯π interactions. The newly synthesized complexes (1-3) along with several known analogues (4-6) were examined as precatalysts for the hydroboration of alkenes. The best-performing system, 1/KOtBu was found to promote Markovnikov hydroboration of substituted styrenes with high turnover frequencies (TOFs) up to ∼47 000 h-1, comparable to the most efficient polymeric catalyst [Co(pytpy)Cl2]n reported to date. Although some limitations in substrate scope as well as functional group tolerance exist, the catalyst shows good promise for several relevant hydrofunctionaliation reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoqi Zhang
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College and PhD Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York 10019 NY USA
| | - Haisu Zeng
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College and PhD Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York 10019 NY USA
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York New York 10065 NY USA
| | - Nora Zadori
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College and PhD Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York 10019 NY USA
| | - Camila Marino
- Department of Sciences, John Jay College and PhD Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York New York 10019 NY USA
| | - Shengping Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York New York 10065 NY USA
| | - Michelle C Neary
- Department of Chemistry, Hunter College, The City University of New York New York 10065 NY USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang X, Xue J, Rong ZQ. Divergent Access to Chiral C2- and C3-Alkylated Pyrrolidines by Catalyst-Tuned Regio- and Enantioselective C(sp 3)-C(sp 3) Coupling. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37307532 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c03900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Novel-substituted pyrrolidine derivatives are widely used in drugs and bioactive molecules. The efficient synthesis of these valuable skeletons, especially enantiopure derivatives, is still recognized as a key bottleneck to overcome in chemical synthesis. Herein, we report a highly efficient catalyst-tuned regio- and enantioselective hydroalkylation reaction for the divergent synthesis of chiral C2- and C3-alkylated pyrrolidines through desymmetrization of the readily available 3-pyrrolines. The catalytic system consists of CoBr2 with a modified bisoxazoline (BOX) ligand, which can achieve the asymmetric C(sp3)-C(sp3) coupling via the distal stereocontrol, providing a series of C3-alkylated pyrrolidines in high efficiency. Moreover, the nickel catalytic system allows the enantioselective hydroalkylation to synthesize the C2-alkylated pyrrolidines through the tandem alkene isomerization/hydroalkylation reaction. This divergent method uses readily available catalysts, chiral BOX ligands, and reagents, delivering enantioenriched 2-/3-alkyl substituted pyrrolidines with excellent regio- and enantioselectivity (up to 97% ee). We also demonstrate the compatibility of this transformation with complex substrates derived from a series of drugs and bioactive molecules in good efficiency, which offers a distinct entry to more functionalized chiral N-heterocycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuchao Wang
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Jing Xue
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| | - Zi-Qiang Rong
- Frontiers Science Center for Flexible Electronics (FSCFE), Shaanxi Institute of Flexible Electronics (SIFE) & Shaanxi Institute of Biomedical Materials and Engineering (SIBME), Northwestern Polytechnical University (NPU), 127 West Youyi Road, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee B, Pabst TP, Hierlmeier G, Chirik PJ. Exploring the Effect of Pincer Rigidity on Oxidative Addition Reactions with Cobalt(I) Complexes. Organometallics 2023; 42:708-718. [PMID: 37223209 PMCID: PMC10201995 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.3c00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Cobalt complexes containing the 2,6-diaminopyridine-substituted PNP pincer (iPrPNMeNP = 2,6-(iPr2PNMe)2(C5H3N)) were synthesized. A combination of solid-state structures and investigation of the cobalt(I)/(II) redox potential established a relatively rigid and electron-donating chelating ligand as compared to iPrPNP (iPrPNP = 2,6-(iPr2PCH2)2(C5H3N)). Based on a buried volume analysis, the two pincer ligands are sterically indistinguishable. Nearly planar, diamagnetic, four-coordinate complexes were observed independent of the field strength (chloride, alkyl, aryl) of the fourth ligand completing the coordination sphere of the metal. Computational studies supported a higher barrier for C-H oxidative addition, largely a result of the increased rigidity of the pincer. The increased oxidative addition barrier resulted in stabilization of (iPrPNMeNP)Co(I) complexes, enabling the characterization of the cobalt boryl and the cobalt hydride dimer by X-ray crystallography. Moreover, (iPrPNMeNP)CoMe served as an efficient precatalyst for alkene hydroboration likely because of the reduced propensity to undergo oxidative addition, demonstrating that reactivity and catalytic performance can be tuned by rigidity of pincer ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boran Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Tyler P Pabst
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Gabriele Hierlmeier
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Gutiérrez L, Martin-Diaconescu V, Casadevall C, Oropeza F, de la Peña O’Shea VA, Meng J, Ortuño MA, Lloret-Fillol J. Low Oxidation State Cobalt Center Stabilized by a Covalent Organic Framework to Promote Hydroboration of Olefins. ACS Catal 2023. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c05442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Luis Gutiérrez
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Departament de Química Organica i Analítica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Vlad Martin-Diaconescu
- ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, Carretera BP 1413, Km. 3.3, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Casadevall
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, CB2 1EW Cambridge, U.K
| | - Freddy Oropeza
- Photoactivated Processes Unit, IMDEA Energy, 28935 Móstoles, Spain
| | | | - JingJing Meng
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Manuel A. Ortuño
- Centro Singular de Investigación en Química Biolóxica e Materiais Moleculares (CIQUS), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Julio Lloret-Fillol
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avinguda Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
- Catalan Institution for Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Passeig Lluïs Companys, 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma S, Fan H, Day CS, Xi Y, Hartwig JF. Remote Hydroamination of Disubstituted Alkenes by a Combination of Isomerization and Regioselective N-H Addition. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:3875-3881. [PMID: 36780535 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c13054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
Remote hydrofunctionalizations of alkenes incorporate functional groups distal to existing carbon-carbon double bonds. While remote carbonylations are well-known, remote hydrofunctionalizations are most common for addition of relatively nonpolar B-H, Si-H, and C-H bonds with alkenes. We report a system for the remote hydroamination of disubstituted alkenes to functionalize an alkyl chain selectively at the subterminal, unactivated, methylene position. Critical to the high regioselectivity and reaction rates are the electronic properties of the substituent on the amine and the development of the ligand DIP-Ad-SEGPHOS by evaluating the steric and electronic effects of ligand modules on reactivity and selectivity. The remote hydroamination is compatible with a broad scope of alkenes and aminopyridines and enables the regioconvergent synthesis of amines from an isomeric mixture of alkenes. The products can be derivatized by nucleophilic aromatic substitution on the amino substituent with a variety of nucleophiles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Senjie Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Haoyu Fan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Craig S Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yumeng Xi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhang M, Liu Z, Zhao W. Rhodium-Catalyzed Remote Borylation of Alkynes and Vinylboronates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215455. [PMID: 36445794 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Remote functionalization involving a fascinating chain-walking process has emerged as a powerful strategy for the rapid access to value-added functional molecules from readily available feedstocks. However, the scope of current methods is predominantly limited to mono- and di-substituted alkenes. The remote functionalization of multi- and heteroatom-substituted alkenes is challenging, and the use of alkynes in the chain walking is unexplored. We herein report a rhodium catalyzed remote borylation of internal alkynes, offering an unprecedented reaction mode of alkynes for the preparation of synthetically valuable 1,n-diboronates. The regioselective distal migratory hydroboration of sterically hindered tri- and tetra-substituted vinylboronates is also demonstrated to furnish various multi-boronic esters. Synthetic utilities are highlighted through the selective manipulation of the two boryl groups in products such as the regioselective cross coupling, oxidation, and amination.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minghao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Hunan, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Zheming Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Hunan, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Wanxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, 410082, Hunan, Changsha, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Budagumpi S, Keri RS, Nagaraju D, Yhobu Z, Monica V, Geetha B, Kadu RD, Neole N. Progress in the catalytic applications of cobalt N–heterocyclic carbene complexes: Emphasis on their synthesis, structure and mechanism. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2022.112850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
13
|
Yan J, Zhou S, Wei Y, Liu Q, Wang D, Zhang L, Yuan Q, Wang S. Ether/Thioether-Functionalized Dianionic α-Iminopyridine Rare-Earth Metal Amido Complexes and Their Catalytic Activity toward Hydrophosphination of Alkenes. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayu Yan
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
| | - Shuangliu Zhou
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
| | - Yukun Wei
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
| | - Qian Liu
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
| | - Donghan Wang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Zhang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
| | - Qingbing Yuan
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
| | - Shaowu Wang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
- Anhui Laboratory of Functional Complexes for Materials Chemistry and Application, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Yambulatov DS, Lutsenko IA, Nikolaevskii SA, Petrov PA, Smolyaninov IV, Malyants IK, Shender VO, Kiskin MA, Sidorov AA, Berberova NT, Eremenko IL. α-Diimine Cisplatin Derivatives: Synthesis, Structure, Cyclic Voltammetry and Cytotoxicity. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27238565. [PMID: 36500668 PMCID: PMC9737600 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Three new Pt(II) complexes [(dpp-DAD)PtCl2] (I), [(Mes-DAD(Me)2)PtCl2] (II) and [(dpp-DAD(Me)2)PtCl2] (III) were synthesized by the direct reaction of [(CH3CN)2PtCl2] and corresponding redox-active 1,4-diaza-1,3-butadienes (DAD). The compounds were isolated in a single crystal form and their molecular structures were determined by X-ray diffraction. The purity of the complexes and their stability in solution was confirmed by NMR analysis. The Pt(II) ions in all compounds are in a square planar environment. The electrochemical reduction of complexes I-III proceeds in two successive cathodic stages. The first quasi-reversible reduction leads to the relatively stable monoanionic complexes; the second cathodic stage is irreversible. The coordination of 1,4-diaza-1,3-butadienes ligands with PtCl2 increases the reduction potential and the electron acceptor ability of the DAD ligands. The synthesized compounds were tested in relation to an adenocarcinoma of the ovary (SKOV3).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitriy S. Yambulatov
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (D.S.Y.); (S.A.N.); Tel./Fax: +7-(495)-955-4817 (S.A.N.)
| | - Irina A. Lutsenko
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Stanislav A. Nikolaevskii
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: (D.S.Y.); (S.A.N.); Tel./Fax: +7-(495)-955-4817 (S.A.N.)
| | - Pavel A. Petrov
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ivan V. Smolyaninov
- Department of Chemistry, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatisheva Str., 414056 Astrakhan, Russia
| | - Irina K. Malyants
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a M. Pirogovscaya, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victoria O. Shender
- Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a M. Pirogovscaya, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail A. Kiskin
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey A. Sidorov
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda T. Berberova
- Department of Chemistry, Astrakhan State Technical University, 16 Tatisheva Str., 414056 Astrakhan, Russia
| | - Igor L. Eremenko
- N. S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lai YL, Yan SX, Zhang SL, Huang YH, Hu RX, Chen YC, Luo JM, Li J. Palladium-Catalyzed Cascade Cyclization/Alkylation of Oxime Ethers: Assembly of 4-Alkylisoxazoles by "Chain-Walking" Strategy. Chem Asian J 2022; 17:e202200806. [PMID: 36000512 DOI: 10.1002/asia.202200806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
A reliable and efficient palladium-catalyzed cascade cyclization/alkylation of oxime ethers with unactivated alkenes is described, affording a whole variety of structurally diverse isoxazole derivatives in moderate to good yields with excellent functional group compatibility. Ionic liquid [Aeim]Br not only acts as an environmentally friendly solvent but also acts as an accelerating agent to provide excess bromine source to eliminate bromomethane from oxime ethers. More importantly, the use of "chain-walking" strategy provides a novel methodology in organic synthesis to rapid generation of molecular complexity from readily available starting materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Long Lai
- Shaoguan University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Shao-Xi Yan
- Shaoguan University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Sheng-Ling Zhang
- Shaoguan University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Yu-Hong Huang
- Shaoguan University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Ru-Xin Hu
- Shaoguan University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Yang-Chong Chen
- Shaoguan University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Jian-Min Luo
- Shaoguan University, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, CHINA
| | - Jianxiao Li
- South China University of Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, wushan road, 510640, Guangzhou, CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kumar R, Dutta S, Sharma V, Singh PP, Gonnade RG, Koley D, Sen SS. Monomeric Magnesium Catalyzed Alkene and Alkyne Hydroboration. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202201896. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202201896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Kumar
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Sayan Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Vishal Sharma
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| | - Praval P. Singh
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Rajesh G. Gonnade
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Catalysis Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 India
| | - Debasis Koley
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata Mohanpur 741246 India
| | - Sakya S. Sen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis Division CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan Pune 411008 India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad 201002 India
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dong W, Ye Z, Zhao W. Enantioselective Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydroboration of Ketone-Derived Silyl Enol Ethers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202117413. [PMID: 35488385 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202117413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic asymmetric hydroboration of alkenes is a powerful tool for the synthesis of natural products, agrochemicals, and pharmaceuticals via the versatile transformations of chiral alkyl boronic esters. However, the scope of available alkenes is limited to styrenes, activated alkenes, and compounds with directing groups. The catalytic enantioselective hydroboration of heteroatom-substituted alkenes is rarely explored and those catalyzed by earth-abundant metals are yet to be reported. Herein, we report a cobalt-catalyzed asymmetric hydroboration of ketone-derived silyl enol ethers and provide a convenient approach to access valuable enantiopure β-hydroxy boronic esters. This protocol features mild reaction conditions, a broad substrate scope, and excellent enantioselectivities (up to 99 % ee). This approach was applied in the successful synthesis of salmeterol and albuterol, demonstrating its potential to streamline complex molecule synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhiyang Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wanxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Parsutkar MM, Moore CE, RajanBabu TV. Activator-free single-component Co(I)-catalysts for regio- and enantioselective heterodimerization and hydroacylation reactions of 1,3-dienes. New reduction procedures for synthesis of [L]Co(I)-complexes and comparison to in situ generated catalysts. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:10148-10159. [PMID: 35734952 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01484j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Although cobalt(I) bis-phosphine complexes have been implicated in many selective C-C bond-forming reactions, until recently relatively few of these compounds have been fully characterized or have been shown to be intermediates in catalytic reactions. In this paper we present a new practical method for the synthesis and isolation of several cobalt(I)-bis-phosphine complexes and their use in Co(I)-catalyzed reactions. We find that easily prepared (in situ generated or isolated) bis-phosphine and (2,6-N-aryliminoethyl)pyridine (PDI) cobalt(II) halide complexes are readily reduced by 1,4-bis-trimethylsilyl-1,4-dihydropyrazine or commercially available lithium nitride (Li3N), leaving behind only innocuous volatile byproducts. Depending on the structures of the bis-phosphines, the cobalt(I) complex crystallizes as a phosphine-bridged species [(P∼P)(X)CoI[μ-(P∼P)]CoI(X)(P∼P)] or a halide-bridged species [(P∼P)CoI[μ-(X)]2CoI(P∼P)]. Because the side-products are innocuous, these methods can be used for the in situ generation of catalytically competent Co(I) complexes for a variety of low-valent cobalt-catalyzed reactions of even sensitive substrates. These complexes are also useful for the synthesis of rare cationic [(P∼P)CoI-η4-diene]+ X- or [(P∼P)CoI-η6-arene]+ X- complexes, which are shown to be excellent single-component catalysts for the following regioselective reactions of dienes: heterodimerizations with ethylene or methyl acrylate, hydroacylation and hydroboration. The reactivity of the single-component catalysts with the in situ generated species are also documented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mahesh M Parsutkar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - Curtis E Moore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | - T V RajanBabu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Liu T, Li C, Bai J, Zhang P, Guo Y, Wang X. Markovnikov‐Selective Hydroboration of Aryl Alkenes Enabled by A Simple Nickel Salt. CHINESE J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.202200244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianfen Liu
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High‐Tech District Zhengzhou 450001 China
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Chuhan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Jiahui Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Panke Zhang
- Green Catalysis Center College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, 100 Science Avenue, High‐Tech District Zhengzhou 450001 China
| | - Yinlong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences 345 Lingling Road Shanghai 200032 China
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1 Sub‐lane Xiangshan Hangzhou 310024 China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhang Q, Wang S, Yin J, Xiong T, Zhang Q. Remote Site-Selective Asymmetric Protoboration of Unactivated Alkenes Enabled by Bimetallic Relay Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202202713. [PMID: 35297558 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202202713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A remote C(sp3 )-H bond asymmetric borylation of unactivated alkenes was achieved by bimetallic relay catalysis. The reaction proceeded through reversible and consecutive β-H elimination/olefin insertion promoted by CoH species generated in situ, followed by copper-catalyzed asymmetric protoboration. The use of this synergistic Co/Cu catalysis protocol allowed the enantioselective protoboration of various unactivated terminal alkenes and internal alkenes, as well as an unrefined mixture of olefin isomers, at the distal less-reactive β-position to a functional group, leading to chiral organoboronates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Simin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Jianjun Yin
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, 345 Lingling Lu, Shanghai, 200032, China
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
|
22
|
Remarkably flexible 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines and their group 8–10 transition metal complexes – Chemistry and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
23
|
Dong W, Ye Z, Zhao W. Enantioselective Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Ketone‐Derived Silyl Enol Ethers. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202117413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenke Dong
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Zhiyang Ye
- Hunan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wanxiang Zhao
- Hunan University chemistry Yuelushan, Changsha 410082 changsha CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Pabst TP, Chirik PJ. Development of Cobalt Catalysts for the meta-Selective C(sp 2)–H Borylation of Fluorinated Arenes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:6465-6474. [PMID: 35369695 PMCID: PMC9010962 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c01162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cobalt precatalysts for the meta-selective borylation of fluorinated arenes are described. Initial screening and stoichiometric reactivity studies culminated in the preparation of a cobalt alkyl precatalyst supported by the sterically protected terpyridine (5,5″-Me2ArTpy = 4'-(4-N,N'-dimethylaminophenyl)-5,5″-dimethyl-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine). Under the optimized conditions, borylation with this precatalyst afforded up to 16 turnovers and near-exclusive meta regioselectivity with a range of substituted fluoroarenes in cyclopentyl methyl ether solvent at room temperature. Deuterium kinetic isotope effects of 2.9(2) at 23 °C support a turnover-limiting and selectivity-determining C(sp2)-H activation step, and stoichiometric C-H activation experiments provided insights into the identity of the C-H activating intermediate in catalysis. Analysis of the relevant Co-C and C-H bond thermodynamics support that the thermodynamics of C-H activation favor ortho-to-fluorine selectivity, providing additional, indirect support for kinetic control of C-H activation as the origin of meta selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tyler P. Pabst
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Paul J. Chirik
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Yang M, Yu Y, Ma W, Feng Y, Zhang G, Wu Y, Zhou F, Yang Y, Liu D. Palladium-catalyzed hydroboration reaction of unactivated alkynes with bis (pinacolato) diboron in water. RSC Adv 2022; 12:9815-9820. [PMID: 35424934 PMCID: PMC8961796 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra09136k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A highly efficient and mild palladium-catalyzed hydroboration of unactivated internal alkynes in water is described. Both aryl- and alkyl-substituted alkynes proceeded smoothly within the reaction time to afford the desired vinylboronates in moderate to high yields. Bis (pinacolato) diboron was used to afford α- and β-hydroborated products in the presence of HOAc. These reactions showed high reactivities and tolerance, thus providing a promising method for the synthesis of alkenyl boron compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Yang
- School of Chemistry and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University 1 Textile Road Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Yunzi Yu
- School of Chemistry and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University 1 Textile Road Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Wenxia Ma
- School of Chemistry and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University 1 Textile Road Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Yuqin Feng
- School of Chemistry and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University 1 Textile Road Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Gang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University 1 Textile Road Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Yaqi Wu
- School of Chemistry and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University 1 Textile Road Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Fanyu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University 1 Textile Road Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Yongsheng Yang
- School of Chemistry and Engineering, Hubei Key Laboratory of Biomass Fibers and Eco-dyeing & Finishing, Wuhan Textile University 1 Textile Road Wuhan 430073 Hubei China
| | - Dezheng Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hubei University of Arts and Science No. 296 Longzhong Road Xiangyang Hubei Province 41053 P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Zhang Q, Wang S, Yin J, Xiong T, Zhang Q. Remote Site‐Selective Asymmetric Protoboration of Unactivated Alkenes Enabled by Bimetallic Relay Catalysis. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202202713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Simin Wang
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Jianjun Yin
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| | - Tao Xiong
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry Renmin ST. 5268 130024 ChangChun CHINA
| | - Qian Zhang
- Northeast Normal University Department of Chemistry CHINA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Abstract
Cobalt-NHC complexes have emerged as an attractive class of 3d transition metal catalysts for a broad range of chemical processes, including cross-coupling, hydrogenation, hydrofunctionalization and cycloaddition reactions. Herein, we present a comprehensive review of catalytic methods utilizing cobalt-NHC complexes with a focus on catalyst structure, the role of the NHC ligand, properties of the catalytic system, mechanism and synthetic utility. The survey clearly suggests that the recent emergence of well-defined cobalt-NHC catalysts may have a tremendous utility in the design and application of catalytic reactions using more abundant 3d transition metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sourav Sekhar Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| | - Michal Szostak
- Department of Chemistry, Rutgers University, 73 Warren Street, Newark, New Jersey 07102, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Newar R, Begum W, Akhtar N, Antil N, Chauhan M, Kumar A, Gupta P, Malik J, Kumar B, Manna K. Mono‐Phosphine Metal‐Organic Framework‐Supported Cobalt Catalyst for Efficient Borylation Reactions. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202101019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rajashree Newar
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Chemistry HAUZ KHASNew Delhi 110016 New Delhi INDIA
| | - Wahida Begum
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Chemistry Hauz KhasNew Delhi 110016 New Delhi INDIA
| | - Naved Akhtar
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Chemistry HAUZ KHASNew Delhi 110016 New Delhi INDIA
| | - Neha Antil
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Chemistry HAUZ KHASNew Delhi 110016 New Delhi INDIA
| | - Manav Chauhan
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Chemistry Hauz KhasIIT DELHI, HAUZ KHAS 110016 New Delhi INDIA
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Chemistry HAUZ KHASNew Delhi 110016 New Delhi INDIA
| | - Poorvi Gupta
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Chemistry HAUZ KHAS 110016 New Delhi INDIA
| | - Jaideep Malik
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee Chemistry Roorkee 247667 Roorkee INDIA
| | - Balendra Kumar
- Sri Venkateswara College Chemistry University of Delhi 110021 New Delhi INDIA
| | - Kuntal Manna
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi Department of Chemistry CHEMISTRY IIT DELHI, HAUZ KHAS 110016 New Delhi INDIA
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Hanna S, Bloomer B, Ciccia NR, Butcher TW, Conk RJ, Hartwig JF. Contra-thermodynamic Olefin Isomerization by Chain-Walking Hydroboration and Dehydroboration. Org Lett 2022; 24:1005-1010. [PMID: 35080409 PMCID: PMC8931855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c03124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a dehydroboration process that can be coupled with chain-walking hydroboration to create a one-pot, contra-thermodynamic, short- or long-range isomerization of internal olefins to terminal olefins. This dehydroboration occurs by a sequence comprising activation with a nucleophile, iodination, and base-promoted elimination. The isomerization proceeds at room temperature without the need for a fluoride base, and the substrate scope of this isomerization is expanded over those of previous isomerizations we have reported with silanes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Hanna
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Brandon Bloomer
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nicodemo R. Ciccia
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Trevor W. Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Richard J. Conk
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kozdra S, Jacquet M, Kargul J, Hęclik K, Wójcik A, Piotr Michałowski P. Insight into structure-property relationship of organometallic terpyridine wires: Combined theoretical and experimental study. Polyhedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
31
|
Yambulatov DS, Nikolaevskii SA, Babeshkin KA, Efimov NN, Kiskin MA, Eremenko IL. Synthesis, structure, and magnetic properties of the cobalt(ii) iodide complex with 1,4-diazabuta-1,3-diene ligand. Russ Chem Bull 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3358-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
32
|
Geier SJ, Vogels CM, Melanson JA, Westcott SA. The transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:8877-8922. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00344a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review covers the development of the transition metal-catalysed hydroboration reaction, from its beginnings in the 1980s to more recent developments including earth-abundant catalysts and an ever-expanding array of substrates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Geier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Christopher M. Vogels
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Jennifer A. Melanson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Stephen A. Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lu H, Li B. Transition Metal Catalyzed Asymmetric Hydroboration of Internal Alkenes. CHINESE J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.6023/cjoc202207040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
34
|
Bołt M, Żak P. Solvent-free hydroboration of alkynes catalyzed by an NHC–cobalt complex. RSC Adv 2022; 12:18572-18577. [PMID: 35873331 PMCID: PMC9234744 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra03005e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A new cobalt complex bearing a bulky N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligand is described as a pre-catalyst for alkyne hydroboration. The proposed catalytic system, synthesized using easily accessible reagents, allowed obtaining a series of mono- and dialkenylboranes in solvent-free conditions with excellent efficiency and selectivity. The results have been compared to those obtained in the presence of the same cobalt complex containing smaller NHC ligands and those achieved for the catalytic system based on a CoCl2 – NHC precursor. Cobalt complex bearing bulky NHC ligand enable selective hydroboration of alkynes in solvent-free conditions.![]()
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Bołt
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| | - Patrycja Żak
- Department of Organometallic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 8, 61-614 Poznan, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Zhao P, Huang J, Li J, Zhang K, Yang W, Zhao W. Ligand-controlled cobalt-catalyzed remote hydroboration and alkene isomerization of allylic siloxanes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 58:302-305. [PMID: 34889327 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc05964e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The Co-catalyzed remote hydroboration and alkene isomerization of allylic siloxanes were realized by a ligand-controlled strategy. The remote hydroboration with dcype provided borylethers, while xantphos favored the formation of silyl enol ethers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pei Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Jie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Kezhuo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Wen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| | - Wanxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China.
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Sieg G, Pessemesse Q, Reith S, Yelin S, Limberg C, Munz D, Werncke CG. Cobalt and Iron Stabilized Ketyl, Ketiminyl and Aldiminyl Radical Anions. Chemistry 2021; 27:16760-16767. [PMID: 34569676 PMCID: PMC9298351 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbonyl and iminyl based radical anions are reactive intermediates in a variety of transformations in organic synthesis. Herein, the isolation of ketyl, and more importantly unprecedented ketiminyl and aldiminyl radical anions coordinated to cobalt and iron complexes is presented. Insights into the electronic structure of these unusual metal bound radical anions is provided by X‐Ray diffraction analysis, NMR, IR, UV/Vis and Mössbauer spectroscopy, solid and solution state magnetometry, as well as a by a detailed computational analysis. The metal bound radical anions are very reactive and facilitate the activation of intra‐ and intermolecular C−H bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Sieg
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Quentin Pessemesse
- Univ. Lyon, ENS de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182 Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 69342, Lyon, France.,Anorganische Chemie: Koordinationschemie Campus C4.1, Universität des Saarlandes, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Sascha Reith
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Yelin
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christian Limberg
- Institut für Chemie, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Munz
- Anorganische Chemie: Koordinationschemie Campus C4.1, Universität des Saarlandes, 66123, Saarbrücken, Germany.,Department Chemie und Pharmazie, Friedrich-Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 1, D-91058, Erlangen, Germany
| | - C Gunnar Werncke
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Hans-Meerwein-Straße 4, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Bose SK, Mao L, Kuehn L, Radius U, Nekvinda J, Santos WL, Westcott SA, Steel PG, Marder TB. First-Row d-Block Element-Catalyzed Carbon-Boron Bond Formation and Related Processes. Chem Rev 2021; 121:13238-13341. [PMID: 34618418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Organoboron reagents represent a unique class of compounds because of their utility in modern synthetic organic chemistry, often affording unprecedented reactivity. The transformation of the carbon-boron bond into a carbon-X (X = C, N, and O) bond in a stereocontrolled fashion has become invaluable in medicinal chemistry, agrochemistry, and natural products chemistry as well as materials science. Over the past decade, first-row d-block transition metals have become increasingly widely used as catalysts for the formation of a carbon-boron bond, a transformation traditionally catalyzed by expensive precious metals. This recent focus on alternative transition metals has enabled growth in fundamental methods in organoboron chemistry. This review surveys the current state-of-the-art in the use of first-row d-block element-based catalysts for the formation of carbon-boron bonds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shubhankar Kumar Bose
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS), Jain University, Jain Global Campus, Bangalore-562112, India
| | - Lujia Mao
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Tropical Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, 571199 Haikou, Hainan, P. R. China
| | - Laura Kuehn
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Udo Radius
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Jan Nekvinda
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Webster L Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Stephen A Westcott
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mount Allison University, Sackville, NB E4L 1G8, Canada
| | - Patrick G Steel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Durham, Science Laboratories South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, U.K
| | - Todd B Marder
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry and Institute for Sustainable Chemistry & Catalysis with Boron, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Abstract
We here present a generally applicable cobalt-catalyzed remote hydroboration of alkenyl amines, providing a practical strategy for the preparation of borylamines and aminoalcohols. This method shows broad substrate scope and good functional group tolerance, tolerating a series of alkenyl amines, including alkyl-alkyl amines, alkyl-aryl amines, aryl-aryl amines, and amides. Of note, this protocol is also compatible with a variety of natural products and drug derivatives. Preliminary mechanistic studies suggest that this transformation involves an iterative chain walking and hydroboration sequence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaqin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wanxiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, Advanced Catalytic Engineering Research Center of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha, Hunan 410082, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Jankins TC, Martin-Montero R, Cooper P, Martin R, Engle KM. Low-Valent Tungsten Catalysis Enables Site-Selective Isomerization-Hydroboration of Unactivated Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:14981-14986. [PMID: 34498848 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A tungsten-catalyzed hydroboration of unactivated alkenes at distal C(sp3)-H bonds aided by native directing groups is described herein. The method is characterized by its simplicity, exquisite regio- and chemoselectivity, and wide substrate scope, offering a complementary site-selectivity pattern to other metal-catalyzed borylation reactions and chain-walking protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tanner C Jankins
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Raul Martin-Montero
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Phillippa Cooper
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| | - Ruben Martin
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avenida Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys, 23, 08010, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Keary M Engle
- Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, California 92037, United States
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Li C, Song S, Li Y, Xu C, Luo Q, Guo Y, Wang X. Selective hydroboration of unsaturated bonds by an easily accessible heterotopic cobalt catalyst. Nat Commun 2021; 12:3813. [PMID: 34155208 PMCID: PMC8217234 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-24117-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Homogeneous earth-abundant metal catalysis based on well-defined molecular complexes has achieved great advance in synthetic methodologies. However, sophisticated ligand, hazardous activator and multistep synthesis starting from base metal salts are generally required for the generation of active molecular catalysts, which may hinder their broad application in large scale organic synthesis. Therefore, the development of metal cluster catalysts formed in situ from simple earth-abundant metal salts is of importance for the practical utilization of base metal resource, yet it is still in its infancy. Herein, a mixture of catalytic amounts of cobalt (II) iodide and potassium tert-butoxide is discovered to be highly active for selective hydroboration of vinylarenes and dihydroboration of nitriles, affording a good yield of diversified hydroboration products that without isolation can readily undergo further one pot transformations. It should be highlighted that the alkoxide-pinacolborane combination acts as an efficient activation strategy to activate cobalt (II) iodide for the generation of metastable heterotopic cobalt catalysts in situ, which is proposed to be catalytically active species. Homogeneous earth-abundant metal catalysis based on well-defined metal complexes is of interest for organic synthesis, but typically employs expensive catalysts, air sensitive or synthetically challenging chemicals. Here, the authors report an efficient and regio-selective catalytic system for hydroboration of vinylarenes and organic nitriles with HBPin, using commercially available CoI2 and KOtBu under ligand-free conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chuhan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuo Song
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuling Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chang Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiquan Luo
- Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yinlong Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xiaoming Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Center for Excellence in Molecular Synthesis, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China. .,School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Poitras AM, Oliemuller LK, Hatzis GP, Thomas CM. Highly Selective Hydroboration of Terminal Alkenes Catalyzed by a Cobalt Pincer Complex Featuring a Central Reactive N-Heterocyclic Phosphido Fragment. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew M. Poitras
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Leah K. Oliemuller
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Gillian P. Hatzis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Christine M. Thomas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Shegavi ML, Saini S, Bhawar R, Vishwantha MD, Bose SK. Recyclable Copper Nanoparticles‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Alkenes and β‐Borylation of α,β‐Unsaturated Carbonyl Compounds with Bis(Pinacolato)Diboron. Adv Synth Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.202001616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahadev L. Shegavi
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS) JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) Jain Global Campus Bangalore 562112 India
| | - Suresh Saini
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS) JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) Jain Global Campus Bangalore 562112 India
| | - Ramesh Bhawar
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS) JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) Jain Global Campus Bangalore 562112 India
| | - Meghana Desai Vishwantha
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS) JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) Jain Global Campus Bangalore 562112 India
| | - Shubhankar Kumar Bose
- Centre for Nano and Material Sciences (CNMS) JAIN (Deemed-to-be University) Jain Global Campus Bangalore 562112 India
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Dicken RD, Motta A, Marks TJ. Homoleptic Lanthanide Amide Catalysts for Organic Synthesis: Experiment and Theory. ACS Catal 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel D. Dicken
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Roma “La Sapienza” and INSTM, UdR Roma, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, I-00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Fedoseev AM, Grigoriev MS, Charushnikova IA, Budantseva NA, Stanetskaya NM, Tyurin VS. Neptunium(V) Isothiocyanate Complexes with 4'-Aryl-Substituted 2,2':6',2″-Terpyridines and N, N-Dimethylacetamide as Molecular Ligands. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:1857-1868. [PMID: 33476125 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
New complexes of neptunyl(V) isothiocyanate with 4'-aryl-substituted 2,2':6',2″-terpyridines (Terpy) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA) were obtained: [(NpO2)(4'-Ph-Terpy)(DMA)(NCS)]·DMA, [(NpO2)(4'-(4-(CF3)C6H4)-Terpy)(DMA)(NCS)]·2H2O·DMA, [(NpO2)(4'-(3-BrC6H4)-Terpy)(DMA)(NCS)]·DMA, and [(NpO2)(4'-(2-(COOH)C6H4)-Terpy)(DMA)(NCS)]·DMA. The structures of the compounds were determined with X-ray diffraction analysis. The neptunium coordination polyhedra were found to be pentagonal bipyramids with O atoms of the NpO2 groups in the apical positions and the equatorial planes formed by three N atoms of the terpyridine ligand, a N atom of the isothiocyanate anion, and an O atom of DMA. The influence of the substituents of the Ar group on the crystal structure is discussed. The IR spectra contain well-resolved bands of characteristic vibrations of all groups in the complex. The electronic absorption spectra are typical for neptunium(V) complexes and contain an intense narrow absorption band belonging to an f-f transition with a maximum of 988 nm and several long-wave satellites of lower intensity. The substituted terpyridines were shown to be efficient for the extraction of various valence forms of neptunium from the isothiocyanate solutions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander M Fedoseev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 31-4, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail S Grigoriev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 31-4, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Iraida A Charushnikova
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 31-4, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Nina A Budantseva
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 31-4, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Nadezhda M Stanetskaya
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 31-4, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| | - Vladimir S Tyurin
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskiy prospect 31-4, Moscow 119071, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Pecak J, Fleissner S, Veiros LF, Pittenauer E, Stöger B, Kirchner K. Synthesis and Catalytic Reactivity of Cobalt Pincer Nitrosyl Hydride Complexes. Organometallics 2021; 40:278-285. [PMID: 33519014 PMCID: PMC7842137 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.0c00755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis, characterization, and catalytic activity of low-spin {CoNO}8 pincer complexes of the type [Co(PCP)(NO)(H)] are described. These compounds are obtained either by reacting [Co(PCP)(κ2-BH4)] with NO and Et3N or, alternatively, by reacting [Co(PCP)(NO)]+ with boranes, such as NH3·BH3 in solution. The five-coordinate, diamagnetic Co(III) complex [Co(PCPNMe-iPr)(NO)(H)] was found to be the active species in the hydroboration of alkenes with anti-Markovnikov selectivity. A range of aromatic and aliphatic alkenes were efficiently converted with pinacolborane (HBpin) under mild conditions in good to excellent yield. Mechanistic insight into the catalytic reaction is provided by means of isotope labeling, NMR spectroscopy, and APCI/ESI-MS as well as DFT calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Pecak
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sarah Fleissner
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Luis F Veiros
- Centro de Química Estrutural and Departamento de Engenharia Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ernst Pittenauer
- Institute of Chemical Technologies and Analytics, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Berthold Stöger
- X-Ray Center, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| | - Karl Kirchner
- Institute of Applied Synthetic Chemistry, Vienna University of Technology, Getreidemarkt 9, A-1060 Vienna, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Garhwal S, Kroeger AA, Thenarukandiyil R, Fridman N, Karton A, de Ruiter G. Manganese-Catalyzed Hydroboration of Terminal Olefins and Metal-Dependent Selectivity in Internal Olefin Isomerization-Hydroboration. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:494-504. [PMID: 33325695 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c03451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the past decade, the use of earth-abundant metals in homogeneous catalysis has flourished. In particular, metals such as cobalt and iron have been used extensively in reductive transformations including hydrogenation, hydroboration, and hydrosilylation. Manganese, on the other hand, has been considerably less explored in these reductive transformations. Here, we report a well-defined manganese complex, [Mn(iPrBDI)(OTf)2] (2a; BDI = bipyridinediimine), that is an active precatalyst in the hydroboration of a variety of electronically differentiated alkenes (>20 examples). The hydroboration is specifically selective for terminal alkenes and occurs with exclusive anti-Markovnikov selectivity. In contrast, when using the analogous cobalt complex [Co(iPrBDI)(OTf)2] (3a), internal alkenes are hydroborated efficiently, where a sequence of isomerization steps ultimately leads to their hydroboration. The contrasting terminal versus internal alkene selectivity for manganese and cobalt was investigated computationally and is further discussed in the herein-reported study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhash Garhwal
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
| | - Asja A Kroeger
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009 Perth, WA Australia
| | - Ranjeesh Thenarukandiyil
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
| | - Natalia Fridman
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
| | - Amir Karton
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, 6009 Perth, WA Australia
| | - Graham de Ruiter
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, 3200008 Haifa, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
Maier TM, Gawron M, Coburger P, Bodensteiner M, Wolf R, van Leest NP, de Bruin B, Demeshko S, Meyer F. Low-Valence Anionic α-Diimine Iron Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and Catalytic Hydroboration Studies. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:16035-16052. [PMID: 33078926 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c02606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of rare anionic heteroleptic and homoleptic α-diimine iron complexes is described. Heteroleptic BIAN (bis(aryl)iminoacenaphthene) complexes 1-[K([18]c-6)(thf)0.5] and 2-[K([18]c-6)(thf)2] were synthesized by reduction of the [(BIAN)FeBr2] precursor complex using stoichiometric amounts of potassium graphite in the presence of the corresponding olefin. The electronic structure of these paramagnetic species was investigated by numerous spectroscopic analyses (NMR, EPR, 57Fe Mössbauer, UV-vis), magnetic measurements (Evans NMR method, SQUID), and theoretical techniques (DFT, CASSCF). Whereas anion 1 is a low-spin complex, anion 2 consists of an intermediate-spin Fe(III) center. Both complexes are efficient precatalysts for the hydroboration of carbonyl compounds under mild reaction conditions. The reaction of bis(anthracene) ferrate(1-) gave the homoleptic BIAN complex 3-[K([18]c-6)(thf)], which is less catalytically active. The electronic structure was elucidated with the same techniques as described for complexes 1-[K([18]c-6)(thf)0.5] and 2-[K([18]c-6)(thf)2] and revealed an Fe(II) species in a quartet ground state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Maier
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Martin Gawron
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Peter Coburger
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Michael Bodensteiner
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Robert Wolf
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Nicolaas P van Leest
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Bas de Bruin
- van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences (HIMS), University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098 XH Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.,International Center for Advanced Studies of Energy Conversion (ICASEC), University of Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 6, Göttingen 37077, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Hashimoto T, Ishimaru T, Shiota K, Yamaguchi Y. Bottleable NiCl 2(dppe) as a catalyst for the Markovnikov-selective hydroboration of styrenes with bis(pinacolato)diboron. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:11701-11704. [PMID: 33000807 DOI: 10.1039/d0cc05246a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Although transition-metal-catalysed hydroboration reactions of alkenes have been extensively studied, only three examples using Ni complexes have been reported so far. In this study, we have examined hydroboration reactions of alkenes using Ni/phosphine complexes. The commercially available and bottleable complex NiCl2(dppe) (dppe = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane) serves as a catalyst for the highly Markovnikov-selective hydroboration of styrene derivatives that affords the desired Markovnikov products in high yield.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Toru Hashimoto
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Toshiya Ishimaru
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Keisuke Shiota
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
| | - Yoshitaka Yamaguchi
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Xi Y, Su B, Qi X, Pedram S, Liu P, Hartwig JF. Application of Trimethylgermanyl-Substituted Bisphosphine Ligands with Enhanced Dispersion Interactions to Copper-Catalyzed Hydroboration of Disubstituted Alkenes. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:18213-18222. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c08746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Xi
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Bo Su
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xiaotian Qi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Shayun Pedram
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Peng Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Hanna S, Wills T, Butcher TW, Hartwig JF. Palladium-Catalyzed Oxidative Dehydrosilylation for Contra-Thermodynamic Olefin Isomerization. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven Hanna
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 718 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, California 94708, United States
| | - Tyler Wills
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 718 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, California 94708, United States
| | - Trevor W. Butcher
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 718 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, California 94708, United States
| | - John F. Hartwig
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, 718 Latimer Hall, Berkeley, California 94708, United States
| |
Collapse
|