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A Theoretical Investigation about Photoswitching of Azobenzene Adsorbed on Ag Nanoparticles. CRYSTALS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst12020248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The optical properties of hybrid systems composed of silver nanoparticles (NPs) and azobenzene molecules were systematically investigated by combining the real-time time-dependent density functional theory (RT-TDDFT) approach with the classical electrodynamics finite difference time domain (FDTD) technique for the solution of Maxwell’s equations. In order to reflect the chemical interaction between azobenzene and metal more exactly, except for adsorbed molecules, a Ag cluster separated from NP was also dealt, using RT-TDDFT. We studied the different factors affecting the surface-enhanced absorption spectra. It was found that the electric field amplified by plasmon resonance of Ag NPs can have an overall enhancement to the molecular light absorption throughout the whole energy range. The resonance between the electron and the plasmon excitation results in a larger percentage of enhancement in the absorption spectrum the closer the resonance peak is. The enhancement ratio of the resonance peak is the largest. The plasmon–exciton coupling and the optical properties of different isolate isomers influence the line shape of the absorption spectra. The dipole interaction and electronic transfer between azobenzene molecules and Ag NPs also change the shape of spectroscopy from the absorption enhancement ratio and the location of the peak. Physical and chemical factors lead to photoswitching in these hybrid systems together.
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Zuo T, Qi F, Yam C, Meng L. Lead-free all-inorganic halide double perovskite materials for optoelectronic applications: progress, performance and design. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:26948-26961. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp03463h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The geometrical and electronic structures of all-inorganic halide double perovskites and their applications in optoelectronic devices are reviewed. Novel design methods are desirable to develop this type of perovskite with superior performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zuo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
| | - Fangfang Qi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
| | - ChiYung Yam
- Shenzhen Institute for Advanced Study, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Shenzhen, 518000, China
- Hong Kong Quantum AI Lab Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Lingyi Meng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, and Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, Fujian 350002, P. R. China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350007, P. R. China
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Photoelectric Functional Materials, Xiamen Institute of Rare Earth Materials, Haixi Institutes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, P. R. China
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Sun J, Ding Z, Yu Y, Liang W. Nonlinear features of Fano resonance: a QM/EM study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:15994-16004. [PMID: 34318831 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02459k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The nonlinear Fano effects on the absorption of hybrid systems composed of a silver nanosphere and an indoline dye molecule have been systematically investigated by the hybrid approach, which combines the quantum mechanics method (QM) with the computational electromagnetic method (EM). The absorption spectra of the dye molecule in the proximity of an Ag nanoparticle have been calculated by changing the incident field intensity, the phenomenological dephasing of molecular excitation, and the enhancement ratio of the near field. The contribution of molecular nonlinear response properties and the quantum interferences of the incident and scattered fields and of resonant plasmon-molecular excitations to the spectra has been identified. It is in no doubt that Fano resonance due to the plasmon-molecular interaction can appear in both the weak and strong field regimes; however, the Fano effect is more pronounced in the strong field regime where quantum interference leads to a nonlinear Fano effect controlled by a complex field-dependent Fano factor. When the incident field is strong enough, the resonance antisymmetry structure is spectrally resolved, and it changes with the change of the field intensity. As the field intensity varies from weak to strong, the Fano lineshape's asymmetry increases with increasing intensity in the beginning, and then decreases with a further increase of the field intensity attributed to the increase of the detuning energy induced by the integrated energy shift upon field dressing during the excitation. Decreasing the enhancement ratio of the near field or the dephasing of molecular excitation can also control the spectral lineshape transformation from an asymmetric profile to a symmetric Lorentzian lineshape. These findings are consistent with previous experimental and theoretical observations arisen by quantum interferences and are expected to stimulate further work toward exploring the plasmon-molecular interplay and the applications of Fano resonance in optical switching and sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- School of Physics and Optoelectronics Engineering, Energy Materials and Devices Key Lab of Anhui Province for Photoelectric Conversion, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
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Sun J, Ding Z, Yu Y, Liang W. Plasmon-enhanced high order harmonic generation of open-ended finite-sized carbon nanotubes: The effects of incident field's intensity and frequency and the interference between the incident and scattered fields. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:224708. [PMID: 32534528 DOI: 10.1063/5.0009549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The nonlinear optical properties of hybrid systems composed of a silver nanosphere and an open-ended finite-sized armchair single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) are systematically investigated by the hybrid time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF)/finite difference time domain (FDTD) approach, which combines the real-time TDHF approach for the molecular electronic dynamics with the classical computational electrodynamics approach, the FDTD, for solving Maxwell's equations. The high order harmonic generation (HHG) spectra of SWCNTs are studied as a function of the intensity (I0) and frequency (ω0) of the incident field, and SWCNTs length as well. It is found that the near field generated by a Ag nanoparticle has an overall enhancement to the molecular HHG in all the energy range, and it extends the HHG spectra to high energy. The inhomogeneity of the near field results in the appearance of even-order harmonics, and their corresponding spectral intensities are sensitive to ω0, therefore the near field's gradient. When ω0 is far away from the frequency of plasmon resonance of the silver nanosphere (ωc), the interference between the incident and scattering light beams extends the spectral range and makes the HHG spectra more sensitive to I0, while at ω0 = ωc, the impact of the interference on the spectra is negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Sun
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - ZongLin Ding
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - YuanQin Yu
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, People's Republic of China
| | - WanZhen Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, and Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
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Sukharev M, Nitzan A. Optics of exciton-plasmon nanomaterials. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:443003. [PMID: 28805193 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa85ef] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
This review provides a brief introduction to the physics of coupled exciton-plasmon systems, the theoretical description and experimental manifestation of such phenomena, followed by an account of the state-of-the-art methodology for the numerical simulations of such phenomena and supplemented by a number of FORTRAN codes, by which the interested reader can introduce himself/herself to the practice of such simulations. Applications to CW light scattering as well as transient response and relaxation are described. Particular attention is given to so-called strong coupling limit, where the hybrid exciton-plasmon nature of the system response is strongly expressed. While traditional descriptions of such phenomena usually rely on analysis of the electromagnetic response of inhomogeneous dielectric environments that individually support plasmon and exciton excitations, here we explore also the consequences of a more detailed description of the molecular environment in terms of its quantum density matrix (applied in a mean field approximation level). Such a description makes it possible to account for characteristics that cannot be described by the dielectric response model: the effects of dephasing on the molecular response on one hand, and nonlinear response on the other. It also highlights the still missing important ingredients in the numerical approach, in particular its limitation to a classical description of the radiation field and its reliance on a mean field description of the many-body molecular system. We end our review with an outlook to the near future, where these limitations will be addressed and new novel applications of the numerical approach will be pursued.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim Sukharev
- College of Integrative Sciences and Arts, Arizona State University, Mesa, AZ 85212, United States of America. Department of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, United States of America
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Meng L, Zhang Y, Yam C. Multiscale Study of Plasmonic Scattering and Light Trapping Effect in Silicon Nanowire Array Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:571-575. [PMID: 28076951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.6b02836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nanometallic structures that support surface plasmons provide new ways to confine light at deep-subwavelength scales. The effect of light scattering in nanowire array solar cells is studied by a multiscale approach combining classical electromagnetic (EM) and quantum mechanical simulations. A photovoltaic device is constructed by integrating a silicon nanowire array with a plasmonic silver nanosphere. The light scatterings by plasmonic element and nanowire array are obtained via classical EM simulations, while current-voltage characteristics and optical properties of the nanowire cells are evaluated quantum mechanically. We found that the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of photovoltaic device is substantially improved due to the local field enhancement of the plasmonic effect and light trapping by the nanowire array. In addition, we showed that there exists an optimal nanowire number density in terms of optical confinement and solar cell PCE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - ChiYung Yam
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100193, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Meng L, Yam C, Zhang Y, Wang R, Chen G. Multiscale Modeling of Plasmon-Enhanced Power Conversion Efficiency in Nanostructured Solar Cells. J Phys Chem Lett 2015; 6:4410-4416. [PMID: 26722976 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.5b01913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The unique optical properties of nanometallic structures can be exploited to confine light at subwavelength scales. This excellent light trapping is critical to improve light absorption efficiency in nanoscale photovoltaic devices. Here, we apply a multiscale quantum mechanics/electromagnetics (QM/EM) method to model the current-voltage characteristics and optical properties of plasmonic nanowire-based solar cells. The QM/EM method features a combination of first-principles quantum mechanical treatment of the photoactive component and classical description of electromagnetic environment. The coupled optical-electrical QM/EM simulations demonstrate a dramatic enhancement for power conversion efficiency of nanowire solar cells due to the surface plasmon effect of nanometallic structures. The improvement is attributed to the enhanced scattering of light into the photoactive layer. We further investigate the optimal configuration of the nanostructured solar cell. Our QM/EM simulation result demonstrates that a further increase of internal quantum efficiency can be achieved by scattering light into the n-doped region of the device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University , Xiamen 361005, P. R. China
| | - ChiYung Yam
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100094, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
- Center for Bio-inspired Energy Science, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Rulin Wang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center , Beijing 100094, P. R. China
| | - GuanHua Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong , Pokfulam Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
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Yam C, Meng L, Zhang Y, Chen G. A multiscale quantum mechanics/electromagnetics method for device simulations. Chem Soc Rev 2015; 44:1763-76. [DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00348a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This review highlights a newly developed multiscale method, incorporating quantum mechanics into device modeling with an environment included through classical electrodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChiYung Yam
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center
- Beijing 100084
- China
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
| | - Lingyi Meng
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials
- Xiamen University
- Xiamen
- China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- China
| | - GuanHua Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Hong Kong
- China
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Zhang Y, Meng L, Yam C, Chen G. Quantum-Mechanical Prediction of Nanoscale Photovoltaics. J Phys Chem Lett 2014; 5:1272-1277. [PMID: 26274483 DOI: 10.1021/jz5003154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous simulations of photovoltaic devices are based on classical models, which neglect the atomistic details and quantum-mechanical effects besides the dependence on many empirical parameters. Here, within the nonequilibrium Green's function formalism, we present a quantum-mechanical study of the performance of inorganic nanowire-based photovoltaic devices. On the basis of density-functional tight-binding theory, the method allows simulation of current-voltage characteristics and optical properties of photovoltaic devices without relying on empirical parameters. Numerical studies of silicon nanowire-based devices of realistic sizes with 10 000 atoms are performed, and the results indicate that atomistic details and nonequilibrium conditions have a clear impact on the photoresponse of the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- †Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
| | - LingYi Meng
- †Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
- ‡Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - ChiYung Yam
- †Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
- §Beijing Computational Science Research Center, No. 3 He-Qing Road, Beijing 100084, China
| | - GuanHua Chen
- †Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam Road, Hong Kong, China
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Meng L, Yin Z, Yam C, Koo S, Chen Q, Wong N, Chen G. Frequency-domain multiscale quantum mechanics/electromagnetics simulation method. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:244111. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4853635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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