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Sahu N, Khire SS, Gadre SR. Combining fragmentation method and high-performance computing: Geometry optimization and vibrational spectra of proteins. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:044309. [PMID: 37522406 DOI: 10.1063/5.0149572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Exploring the structures and spectral features of proteins with advanced quantum chemical methods is an uphill task. In this work, a fragment-based molecular tailoring approach (MTA) is appraised for the CAM-B3LYP/aug-cc-pVDZ-level geometry optimization and vibrational infrared (IR) spectra calculation of ten real proteins containing up to 407 atoms and 6617 basis functions. The use of MTA and the inherently parallel nature of the fragment calculations enables a rapid and accurate calculation of the IR spectrum. The applicability of MTA to optimize the protein geometry and evaluate its IR spectrum employing a polarizable continuum model with water as a solvent is also showcased. The typical errors in the total energy and IR frequencies computed by MTA vis-à-vis their full calculation (FC) counterparts for the studied protein are 5-10 millihartrees and 5 cm-1, respectively. Moreover, due to the independent execution of the fragments, large-scale parallelization can also be achieved. With increasing size and level of theory, MTA shows an appreciable advantage in computer time as well as memory and disk space requirement over the corresponding FCs. The present study suggests that the geometry optimization and IR computations on the biomolecules containing ∼1000 atoms and/or ∼15 000 basis functions using MTA and HPC facility can be clearly envisioned in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nityananda Sahu
- Theoretische Chemie, Philipps-Universität Marburg, 35032 Marburg, Germany
| | - Subodh S Khire
- RIKEN Center for Computational Science, Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Shridhar R Gadre
- Departments of Scientific Computing, Modelling & Simulation and Chemistry, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411007, India
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2
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Nakata H, Fedorov DG. Analytic Gradient for Time-Dependent Density Functional Theory Combined with the Fragment Molecular Orbital Method. J Chem Theory Comput 2023; 19:1276-1285. [PMID: 36753486 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.2c01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
Abstract
The analytic energy gradient of energy with respect to nuclear coordinates is derived for the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method combined with time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The response terms arising from the use of a polarizable embedding are derived. The obtained analytic FMO-TDDFT gradient is shown to be accurate in comparison to both numerical FMO-TDDFT and unfragmented TDDFT gradients, at the level of two- and three-body expansions. The gradients are used for geometry optimizations, molecular dynamics, vibrational calculations, and simulations of IR and Raman spectra of excited states. The developed method is used to optimize the geometry of the ground and excited electronic states of the photoactive yellow protein (PDB: 2PHY).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Nakata
- Department of Chemistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Dmitri G Fedorov
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
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3
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Fedorov DG. Parametrized quantum-mechanical approaches combined with the fragment molecular orbital method. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:231001. [PMID: 36550057 DOI: 10.1063/5.0131256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast parameterized methods such as density-functional tight-binding (DFTB) facilitate realistic calculations of large molecular systems, which can be accelerated by the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method. Fragmentation facilitates interaction analyses between functional parts of molecular systems. In addition to DFTB, other parameterized methods combined with FMO are also described. Applications of FMO methods to biochemical and inorganic systems are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri G Fedorov
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
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4
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Abstract
Vibrational energies are partitioned into the contributions of molecular parts called segments, for instance, residues in proteins. The fragment molecular orbital method is used to facilitate vibrational calculations of large systems at the DFTB and HF-3c levels. The vibrational analysis is combined with the partitioning of the electronic energy, yielding free-energy contributions of segments to the binding energy, pinpointing hot spots for drug discovery and other studies. The analysis is illustrated on two protein-ligand complexes in solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri G Fedorov
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan
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5
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Abstract
Computational methods for modeling biochemical processes implemented in GAMESS package are reviewed; in particular, quantum mechanics combined with molecular mechanics (QM/MM), semi-empirical, and fragmentation approaches. A detailed summary of capabilities is provided for the QM/MM implementation in QuanPol program and the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method. Molecular modeling and visualization packages useful for biochemical simulations with GAMESS are described. GAMESS capabilities with corresponding references are tabulated for reader's convenience.
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6
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Geometry Optimization, Transition State Search, and Reaction Path Mapping Accomplished with the Fragment Molecular Orbital Method. Methods Mol Biol 2020. [PMID: 32016888 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-0282-9_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Recent development of the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method related to energy gradients, geometry optimization, transition state search, and chemical reaction mapping is summarized. The frozen domain formulation of FMO is introduced in detail, and the structure of related GAMESS input files for FMO is described.
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7
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Abstract
Since the introduction of the fragment molecular orbital method 20 years ago, fragment-based approaches have occupied a small but growing niche in quantum chemistry. These methods decompose a large molecular system into subsystems small enough to be amenable to electronic structure calculations, following which the subsystem information is reassembled in order to approximate an otherwise intractable supersystem calculation. Fragmentation sidesteps the steep rise (with respect to system size) in the cost of ab initio calculations, replacing it with a distributed cost across numerous computer processors. Such methods are attractive, in part, because they are easily parallelizable and therefore readily amenable to exascale computing. As such, there has been hope that distributed computing might offer the proverbial "free lunch" in quantum chemistry, with the entrée being high-level calculations on very large systems. While fragment-based quantum chemistry can count many success stories, there also exists a seedy underbelly of rarely acknowledged problems. As these methods begin to mature, it is time to have a serious conversation about what they can and cannot be expected to accomplish in the near future. Both successes and challenges are highlighted in this Perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- John M Herbert
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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8
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Nakata H, Fedorov DG. Simulations of infrared and Raman spectra in solution using the fragment molecular orbital method. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:13641-13652. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00940j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Calculation of IR and Raman spectra in solution for large molecular systems made possible with analytic FMO/PCM Hessians.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dmitri G. Fedorov
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat)
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)
- Tsukuba
- Japan
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9
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Giese TJ, York DM. Quantum mechanical force fields for condensed phase molecular simulations. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2017; 29:383002. [PMID: 28817382 PMCID: PMC5821073 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/aa7c5c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Molecular simulations are powerful tools for providing atomic-level details into complex chemical and physical processes that occur in the condensed phase. For strongly interacting systems where quantum many-body effects are known to play an important role, density-functional methods are often used to provide the model with the potential energy used to drive dynamics. These methods, however, suffer from two major drawbacks. First, they are often too computationally intensive to practically apply to large systems over long time scales, limiting their scope of application. Second, there remain challenges for these models to obtain the necessary level of accuracy for weak non-bonded interactions to obtain quantitative accuracy for a wide range of condensed phase properties. Quantum mechanical force fields (QMFFs) provide a potential solution to both of these limitations. In this review, we address recent advances in the development of QMFFs for condensed phase simulations. In particular, we examine the development of QMFF models using both approximate and ab initio density-functional models, the treatment of short-ranged non-bonded and long-ranged electrostatic interactions, and stability issues in molecular dynamics calculations. Example calculations are provided for crystalline systems, liquid water, and ionic liquids. We conclude with a perspective for emerging challenges and future research directions.
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Fedorov DG, Kitaura K. Many-body expansion of the Fock matrix in the fragment molecular orbital method. J Chem Phys 2017; 147:104106. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5001018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
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11
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Fedorov DG. The fragment molecular orbital method: theoretical development, implementation in
GAMESS
, and applications. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri G. Fedorov
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD‐FMat)National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)TsukubaJapan
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12
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Sahu N, Gadre SR. Vibrational infrared and Raman spectra of polypeptides: Fragments-in-fragments within molecular tailoring approach. J Chem Phys 2017; 144:114113. [PMID: 27004868 DOI: 10.1063/1.4943966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present work reports the calculation of vibrational infrared (IR) and Raman spectra of large molecular systems employing molecular tailoring approach (MTA). Further, it extends the grafting procedure for the accurate evaluation of IR and Raman spectra of large molecular systems, employing a new methodology termed as Fragments-in-Fragments (FIF), within MTA. Unlike the previous MTA-based studies, the accurate estimation of the requisite molecular properties is achieved without performing any full calculations (FC). The basic idea of the grafting procedure is implemented by invoking the nearly basis-set-independent nature of the MTA-based error vis-à-vis the respective FCs. FIF has been tested out for the estimation of the above molecular properties for three isomers, viz., β-strand, 310- and α-helix of acetyl(alanine)nNH2 (n = 10, 15) polypeptides, three conformers of doubly protonated gramicidin S decapeptide and trpzip2 protein (PDB id: 1LE1), respectively, employing BP86/TZVP, M06/6-311G**, and M05-2X/6-31G** levels of theory. For most of the cases, a maximum difference of 3 cm(-1) is achieved between the grafted-MTA frequencies and the corresponding FC values. Further, a comparison of the BP86/TZVP level IR and Raman spectra of α-helical (alanine)20 and its N-deuterated derivative shows an excellent agreement with the existing experimental spectra. In view of the requirement of only MTA-based calculations and the ability of FIF to work at any level of theory, the current methodology provides a cost-effective solution for obtaining accurate spectra of large molecular systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nityananda Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, India
| | - Shridhar R Gadre
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, India
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13
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Nakata H, Fedorov DG. Efficient Geometry Optimization of Large Molecular Systems in Solution Using the Fragment Molecular Orbital Method. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:9794-9804. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b09743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Nakata
- Department
of Fundamental Technology Research, R and D Center Kagoshima, Kyocera, 1-4 Kokubu Yamashita-cho, Kirishima-shi, Kagoshima 899-4312, Japan
| | - Dmitri G. Fedorov
- Research
Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1
Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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14
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Nakata H, Nishimoto Y, Fedorov DG. Analytic second derivative of the energy for density-functional tight-binding combined with the fragment molecular orbital method. J Chem Phys 2016; 145:044113. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4959231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Nakata
- Department of Fundamental Technology Research, R and D Center Kagoshima, Kyocera, 1-4 Kokubu Yamashita-cho, Kirishima-shi, Kagoshima 899-4312, Japan
| | - Yoshio Nishimoto
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, 34-4 Takano Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan
| | - Dmitri G. Fedorov
- Research Center for Computational Design of Advanced Functional Materials (CD-FMat), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
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15
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Green MC, Nakata H, Fedorov DG, Slipchenko LV. Radical damage in lipids investigated with the fragment molecular orbital method. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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16
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Sahu N, Gadre SR. Accurate vibrational spectra via molecular tailoring approach: a case study of water clusters at MP2 level. J Chem Phys 2016; 142:014107. [PMID: 25573553 DOI: 10.1063/1.4905004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In spite of the recent advents in parallel algorithms and computer hardware, high-level calculation of vibrational spectra of large molecules is still an uphill task. To overcome this, significant effort has been devoted to the development of new algorithms based on fragmentation methods. The present work provides the details of an efficient and accurate procedure for computing the vibrational spectra of large clusters employing molecular tailoring approach (MTA). The errors in the Hessian matrix elements and dipole derivatives arising due to the approximation nature of MTA are reduced by grafting the corrections from a smaller basis set. The algorithm has been tested out for obtaining vibrational spectra of neutral and charged water clusters at Møller-Plesset second order level of theory, and benchmarking them against the respective full calculation (FC) and/or experimental results. For (H2O)16 clusters, the estimated vibrational frequencies are found to differ by a maximum of 2 cm(-1) with reference to the corresponding FC values. Unlike the FC, the MTA-based calculations including grafting procedure can be performed on a limited hardware, yet take a fraction of the FC time. The present methodology, thus, opens a possibility of the accurate estimation of the vibrational spectra of large molecular systems, which is otherwise impossible or formidable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nityananda Sahu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, India
| | - Shridhar R Gadre
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208 016, India
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17
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Liu J, Zhang JZH, He X. Fragment quantum chemical approach to geometry optimization and vibrational spectrum calculation of proteins. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2016; 18:1864-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05693d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Geometry optimization and vibrational spectra (infrared and Raman spectra) calculations of proteins are carried out by a quantum chemical approach using the EE-GMFCC (electrostatically embedded generalized molecular fractionation with conjugate caps) method (J. Phys. Chem. A, 2013, 117, 7149).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Science
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
| | - John Z. H. Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Science
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
| | - Xiao He
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy
- Institute of Theoretical and Computational Science
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
- East China Normal University
- Shanghai
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18
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Delle Piane M, Corno M, Orlando R, Dovesi R, Ugliengo P. Elucidating the fundamental forces in protein crystal formation: the case of crambin. Chem Sci 2015; 7:1496-1507. [PMID: 29899894 PMCID: PMC5963673 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03447g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates the feasibility of periodic all-electron hybrid density functional theory calculations in the description of protein crystals, using crambin as a test case.
Molecular simulations of proteins have been usually accomplished through empirical or semi-empirical potentials, due to the large size and inherent complexity of these biological systems. On the other hand, a theoretical description of proteins based on quantum-mechanical methods would however provide an unbiased characterization of their electronic properties, possibly offering a link between these and the ultimate biological activity. Yet, such approaches have been historically hindered by the large amount of requested computational power. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of periodic all-electron density functional theory calculations in the description of the crystal of the protein crambin (46 aminoacids), which is determined with exceptional structural accuracy. We have employed the hybrid B3LYP functional, coupled to an empirical description of London interactions (D*) to simulate the crambin crystal with an increasing amount of lattice water molecules in the cell (up to 172H2O per cell). The agreement with the experiment is good for both protein geometry and protein–water interactions. The energetics was computed to predict crystal formation energies, protein–water and protein–protein interaction energies. We studied the role of dispersion interactions which are crucial for holding the crambin crystal in place. B3LYP-D* electrostatic potential and dipole moment of crambin as well as the electronic charge flow from crambin to the solvating water molecules (0.0015e per H2O) have also been predicted. These results proved that quantum-mechanical simulations of small proteins, both free and in their crystalline state, are now feasible in a reasonable amount of time, by programs capable of exploiting high performance computing architectures, allowing the study of protein properties not easily amenable through classical force fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massimo Delle Piane
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 7 , 10125 , Torino , Italy .
| | - Marta Corno
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 7 , 10125 , Torino , Italy .
| | - Roberto Orlando
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 7 , 10125 , Torino , Italy .
| | - Roberto Dovesi
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 7 , 10125 , Torino , Italy .
| | - Piero Ugliengo
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre , University of Torino , via Pietro Giuria 7 , 10125 , Torino , Italy .
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19
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Jovan Jose K, Raghavachari K. Molecules-in-molecules fragment-based method for the evaluation of Raman spectra of large molecules. Mol Phys 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2015.1074744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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20
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Nakata H, Fedorov DG, Nagata T, Kitaura K, Nakamura S. Simulations of Chemical Reactions with the Frozen Domain Formulation of the Fragment Molecular Orbital Method. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:3053-64. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.5b00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroya Nakata
- Department
of Biomolecular Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259 Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 226-8501, Japan
- Research
Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Kojimachi Business Center Building, 5-3-1 Kojimachi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Dmitri G. Fedorov
- Nanosystem
Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
| | - Takeshi Nagata
- Nanosystem
Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8568, Japan
- Graduate
School of System Informatics, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kitaura
- Graduate
School of System Informatics, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Nakamura
- Research
Cluster for Innovation, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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Raghavachari K, Saha A. Accurate Composite and Fragment-Based Quantum Chemical Models for Large Molecules. Chem Rev 2015; 115:5643-77. [PMID: 25849163 DOI: 10.1021/cr500606e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Krishnan Raghavachari
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Arjun Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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22
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Analytic second derivative of the energy for density functional theory based on the three-body fragment molecular orbital method. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:124101. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4915068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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23
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Jose KVJ, Raghavachari K. Evaluation of Energy Gradients and Infrared Vibrational Spectra through Molecules-in-Molecules Fragment-Based Approach. J Chem Theory Comput 2015; 11:950-61. [DOI: 10.1021/ct501026m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. V. Jovan Jose
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Krishnan Raghavachari
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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Fedorov DG, Asada N, Nakanishi I, Kitaura K. The use of many-body expansions and geometry optimizations in fragment-based methods. Acc Chem Res 2014; 47:2846-56. [PMID: 25144610 DOI: 10.1021/ar500224r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Conspectus Chemists routinely work with complex molecular systems: solutions, biochemical molecules, and amorphous and composite materials provide some typical examples. The questions one often asks are what are the driving forces for a chemical phenomenon? How reasonable are our views of chemical systems in terms of subunits, such as functional groups and individual molecules? How can one quantify the difference in physicochemical properties of functional units found in a different chemical environment? Are various effects on functional units in molecular systems additive? Can they be represented by pairwise potentials? Are there effects that cannot be represented in a simple picture of pairwise interactions? How can we obtain quantitative values for these effects? Many of these questions can be formulated in the language of many-body effects. They quantify the properties of subunits (fragments), referred to as one-body properties, pairwise interactions (two-body properties), couplings of two-body interactions described by three-body properties, and so on. By introducing the notion of fragments in the framework of quantum chemistry, one obtains two immense benefits: (a) chemists can finally relate to quantum chemistry, which now speaks their language, by discussing chemically interesting subunits and their interactions and (b) calculations become much faster due to a reduced computational scaling. For instance, the somewhat academic sounding question of the importance of three-body effects in water clusters is actually another way of asking how two hydrogen bonds affect each other, when they involve three water molecules. One aspect of this is the many-body charge transfer (CT), because the charge transfers in the two hydrogen bonds are coupled to each other (not independent). In this work, we provide a generalized view on the use of many-body expansions in fragment-based methods, focusing on the general aspects of the property expansion and a contraction of a many-body expansion in a formally two-body series, as exemplified in the development of the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method. Fragment-based methods have been very successful in delivering the properties of fragments, as well as the fragment interactions, providing insights into complex chemical processes in large molecular systems. We briefly review geometry optimizations performed with fragment-based methods and present an efficient geometry optimization method based on the combination of FMO with molecular mechanics (MM), applied to the complex of a subunit of protein kinase 2 (CK2) with a ligand. FMO results are discussed in comparison with experimental and MM-optimized structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitri G. Fedorov
- NRI, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 2, Umezono 1-1-1, Tsukuba, 305-8568, Japan
| | - Naoya Asada
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - Isao Nakanishi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kinki University, 3-4-1,
Kowakae, Higashi-Osaka, Osaka 577-8502, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kitaura
- Graduate
School of System Informatics, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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