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Yuan T, Huang S, Zhang P, Song Z, Ge J, Miao X, Wang Y, Pang Q, Peng D, Wu P, Shao J, Zhang P, Wang Y, Guo H, Guo W, Zhang Y. Potential decoupling of CO 2 and Hg uptake process by global vegetation in the 21st century. Nat Commun 2024; 15:4490. [PMID: 38802424 PMCID: PMC11130250 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-48849-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Mercury (Hg), a potent neurotoxin posing risks to human health, is cycled through vegetation uptake, which is susceptible to climate change impacts. However, the extent and pattern of these impacts are largely unknown, obstructing predictions of Hg's fate in terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we evaluate the effects of climate change on vegetation elemental Hg [Hg(0)] uptake using a state-of-the-art global terrestrial Hg model (CLM5-Hg) that incorporates plant physiology. In a business-as-usual scenario, the terrestrial Hg(0) sink is predicted to decrease by 1870 Mg yr-1 in 2100, that is ~60% lower than the present-day condition. We find a potential decoupling between the trends of CO2 assimilation and Hg(0) uptake process by vegetation in the 21st century, caused by the decreased stomatal conductance with increasing CO2. This implies a substantial influx of Hg into aquatic ecosystems, posing an elevated threat that warrants consideration during the evaluation of the effectiveness of the Minamata Convention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tengfei Yuan
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaojian Huang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhengcheng Song
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jun Ge
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xin Miao
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yujuan Wang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiaotong Pang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dong Peng
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Junjiong Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, College of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mountain Ecological Restoration and Bioresource Utilization & Ecological Restoration and Biodiversity Conservation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Chengdu Institute of Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Yabo Wang
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weidong Guo
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanxu Zhang
- School of Atmospheric Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Frontiers Science Center for Critical Earth Material Cycling, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
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Zhang X, Li B, Peñuelas J, Sardans J, Cheng D, Yu H, Zhong Q. Resource-acquisitive species have greater plasticity in leaf functional traits than resource-conservative species in response to nitrogen addition in subtropical China. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 903:166177. [PMID: 37572896 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
The evergreen broad-leaf forest is subtropical zonal vegetation in China, and its species diversity and stability are crucial for maintaining forest ecosystem functions. The region is generally affected by global changes such as high levels of nitrogen deposition. Therefore, it is critical to determine the adaptation strategies of subtropical dominant species under nitrogen addition. Here, we conducted two-year field experiments with nitrogen addition levels as 0 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (CK), 50 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (LN) and 100 kg N ha-1 yr-1 (HN). We investigated the effects of nitrogen addition on leaf functional traits (including nutrition, structural and physiological characteristics) of five dominant species in subtropical evergreen broad-leaf forest. Results suggested that the effect of nitrogen addition on leaf functional traits was species-specific. Contrary to Rhododendron delavayi and Eurya muricata, Quercus glauca, Schima superba and Castanopsis eyrei all responded more to the HN treatment than LN treatment. Compared to other leaf functional traits, leaf anatomical structure traits had the highest average plasticity (0.246), and the relative effect of leaf photosynthetic property was highest (7.785) under N addition. Among the five species, S. superba was highest in terms of the index of plasticity for leaf functional traits under nitrogen addition, followed by Q. glauca, E. muricata, C. eyrei and R. delavayi. The major leaf functional traits representing the economic spectrum of leaves (LES) showed resource acquisitive strategy (high SLA, LNC, LPC, Pn) and conservative strategy (high LTD, LDMC, C/N) clustering on the opposite ends of the PCA axis. The PCA analysis indicated that species with high leaf plasticity adopt resource acquisitive strategy (S. superba and Q. glauca), whereas species with low leaf plasticity adopt resource conservative strategy (E. muricata, C. eyrei and R. delavayi). In aggregate, resource-acquisitive species benefit from nitrogen addition more than resource-conservative species, suggesting that S. superba and Q. glauca will occupy the dominant position in community succession under persistently elevated nitrogen deposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China
| | - Baoyin Li
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province funded), Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Jordi Sardans
- Global Ecology Unit, CSIC, CREAF-CSIC-UAB, 08193 Bellaterra, Catalonia, Spain; CREAF, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Dongliang Cheng
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province funded), Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China
| | - Hua Yu
- Ocean College, Minjiang University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China
| | - Quanlin Zhong
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Ecophysiology, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; College of Geographical Science, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China; State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Mountain Ecology (Ministry of Science and Technology and Fujian Province funded), Fuzhou, Fujian Province 350007, China.
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Feng YX, Tian P, Li CZ, Zhang Q, Trapp S, Yu XZ. Individual and mutual effects of elevated carbon dioxide and temperature on salt and cadmium uptake and translocation by rice seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1161334. [PMID: 37089641 PMCID: PMC10113512 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1161334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant kingdoms are facing increasingly harsh environmental challenges marked by the coexposure of salinity and pollution in the pedosphere and elevated CO2 and temperature in the atmosphere due to the rapid acceleration of industrialization and global climate change. In this study, we deployed a hydroponics-based experiment to explore the individual and mutual effects of different temperatures (low temperature, T1: 23°C; high temperature, T2: 27°C) and CO2 concentrations (ambient CO2: 360 ppm; medium CO2: 450 ppm; high CO2: 700 ppm) on the uptake and translocation of sodium chloride (NaCl, 0.0, 0.2, 0.6, and 1.1 g Na/L) and cadmium nitrate (Cd(NO3)2·4H2O, 0.0, 0.2, 1.8, and 5.4 mg Cd/L) by rice seedlings. The results indicated that Cd and Na exposure significantly (P< 0.05) inhibited plant growth, but T2 and medium/high CO2 alleviated the effects of Cd and Na on plant growth. Neither significant synergistic nor antagonistic effects of Cd and Na were observed, particularly not at T1 or high CO2. At increasing temperatures, relative growth rates increased despite higher concentrations of Cd and Na in both rice roots and shoots. Similarly, higher CO2 stimulated the growth rate but resulted in significantly lower concentrations of Na, while the Cd concentration was highest at medium CO2. Coexposure experiments suggested that the concentration of Cd in roots slightly declined with additional Na and more at T2. Overall, our preliminary study suggested that global climate change may alter the distribution of mineral and toxic elements in rice plants as well as the tolerance of the plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Xi Feng
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Peng Tian
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Cheng-Zhi Li
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
| | - Stefan Trapp
- Department of Environmental and Resource Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark
- *Correspondence: Stefan Trapp, ; Xiao-Zhang Yu,
| | - Xiao-Zhang Yu
- College of Environmental Science & Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, China
- *Correspondence: Stefan Trapp, ; Xiao-Zhang Yu,
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Du W, Xu M, Yin Y, Sun Y, Wu J, Zhu J, Guo H. Elevated CO 2 levels alleviated toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles to rice and soil bacteria. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 804:149822. [PMID: 34517329 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.149822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rising CO2 levels will change the behavior and toxicity of soil contaminants. However, it remains unclear whether elevated CO2 levels will change the nanoparticle dissolution or their biological effects in soil. In this study, we used a free-air CO2 enrichment system to examine the effects of elevated CO2 on phytotoxicity and bacterial toxicity of zinc oxide nanoparticles (nZnO) in a paddy soil system. The elevated CO2 changed the nZnO diffraction in soil, slightly increasing its dissolution but remarkably improving its bioavailability. Elevated CO2 did not change Zn accumulation in rice, but still alleviated the adverse effects of nZnO on rice growth, although grain protein, K and P decreased. Moreover, nZnO alone significantly decreased the number of observed soil bacterial species and altered the community organization, while elevated CO2 moderated such changes. Overall, these results increase our understanding of plant response and microbial variation in nanoparticle-contaminated soil under elevated-CO2 conditions. It is necessary to pay attention to soil pollution while facing climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meiling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jichun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, Key Laboratory of Surficial Geochemistry, School of Earth Sciences and Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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AbdElgawad H, Schoenaers S, Zinta G, Hassan YM, Abdel-Mawgoud M, Alkhalifah DHM, Hozzein WN, Asard H, Abuelsoud W. Soil arsenic toxicity differentially impacts C3 (barley) and C4 (maize) crops under future climate atmospheric CO 2. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 414:125331. [PMID: 34030395 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Soil arsenic (As) contamination limits global agricultural productivity. Anthropogenic emissions are causing atmospheric CO2 levels to rise. Elevated CO2 (eCO2) boosts plant growth both under optimal and suboptimal growth conditions. However, the crop-specific interaction between eCO2 and soil arsenic exposure has not been investigated at the whole plant, physiological and biochemical level. Here, we tested the effects of eCO2 (620 ppm) and soil As exposure (mild and severe treatments, 25 and 100 mg As/Kg soil) on growth, photosynthesis and redox homeostasis in barley (C3) and maize (C4). Compared to maize, barley was more susceptible to soil As exposure at ambient CO2 levels. Barley plants accumulated more As, particularly in roots. As accumulation inhibited plant growth and induced oxidative damage in a species-specific manner. As-exposed barley experienced severe oxidative stress as illustrated by high H2O2 and protein oxidation levels. Interestingly, eCO2 differentially mitigated As-induced stress in barley and maize. In barley, eCO2 exposure reduced photorespiration, H2O2 production, and lipid/protein oxidation. In maize eCO2 exposure led to an upregulation of the ascorbate-glutathione (ASC/GSH)-mediated antioxidative defense system. Combined, this work highlights how ambient and future eCO2 levels differentially affect the growth, physiology and biochemistry of barley and maize crops exposed to soil As pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Sébastjen Schoenaers
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Gaurav Zinta
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-HRDC Campus, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India; Biotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India.
| | - Yasser M Hassan
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | - Dalal Hussien M Alkhalifah
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Wael N Hozzein
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt; Bioproducts Research Chair, Zoology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Han Asard
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Walid Abuelsoud
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
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Xu F, Du W, Carter LJ, Xu M, Wang G, Qiu L, Zhu J, Zhu C, Yin Y, Ji R, Banwart SA, Guo H. Elevated CO 2 concentration modifies the effects of organic fertilizer substitution on rice yield and soil ARGs. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 754:141898. [PMID: 32916483 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.141898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance and rising CO2 levels are considered among the most significant challenges we will face in terms of global development over the following decades. However, the impact of elevated CO2 on soil antibiotic resistance has rarely been investigated. We used a free-air CO2 enrichment system to investigate the potential risks posed by applying mineral and organic fertilizers to paddy soil at current CO2 concentration (370 ppm) and future elevated CO2 (eCO2, 570 ppm predicted for 2100). Organic fertilizer substitution (substituting the mineral fertilizer by 50% N) alone increased the plant uptake and soil residue of sulfamethazine, and enriched sulfonamide resistance genes (sul1, sul2), tetracycline resistance genes (tetG, tetM) and class 1 integron (intl1). But it decreased the rice grain yield (by 7.6%). Comparatively, eCO2 decreased the sul2, tetG and intl1 gene abundances by organic fertilizer substitution, and meanwhile increased grain yield (by 8.4%). Proteobacteria and Nitrospirae were potential hosts of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Horizontal gene transfer via intl1 may play an important role in ARGs spread under eCO2. Results indicated that future elevated CO2 concentration could modify the effects of organic fertilizer substitution on rice yield and soil ARGs, with unknown implications for future medicine and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenchao Du
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Laura J Carter
- School of Geography, Faculty of Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Meiling Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Guobing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Linlin Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Chunwu Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Science, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rong Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Steven A Banwart
- School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; Global Food and Environment Institute, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Malheiro C, Cardoso DN, Loureiro S, González-Alcaraz MN. Effects of climate conditions on the avoidance behavior of Folsomia candida and Enchytraeus crypticus towards metal(loid)-contaminated soils. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 741:140368. [PMID: 32610235 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.140368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Global climate changes are predicted for the 21st century. Alterations in soil contaminants' availability and soil invertebrates' behavior are expected, which may interfere with the avoidance capacity that invertebrates may have towards contaminated soils and, therefore, compromise their role in soil functioning. This study aimed to assess the individual effects of air temperature, ultraviolet (UV) radiation and atmospheric CO2 concentration on the avoidance behavior of the arthropod Folsomia candida and the soft-bodied oligochaete Enchytraeus crypticus towards metal(loid)-contaminated soils. Avoidance behavior was evaluated under distinct climate treatments (simulating increases in air temperature, UV radiation exposure or atmospheric CO2 concentration) and compared to the response obtained at the standard conditions recommended by ISO guidelines. Both soil invertebrate species behave differently under standard conditions, with F. candida not avoiding the contaminated soils while E. crypticus did. Increases in air temperature and exposure to UV radiation did not change F. candida behavior towards contaminated soils. However, high atmospheric CO2 concentration modified this pattern and induced avoidance towards contaminated soils. As for E. crypticus, contaminated soils were also avoided under the different climate treatments simulated. Thus, our study shows that, depending on the species and the climate factor, changes in climate conditions may alter soil invertebrates' behavioral pattern towards meta(loid)-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Malheiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Diogo N Cardoso
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Susana Loureiro
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - M Nazaret González-Alcaraz
- Department of Biology & CESAM, Campus Universitário de Santiago, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
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You C, Wu F, Yang W, Xu Z, Tan B, Yue K, Ni X. Nutrient-limited conditions determine the responses of foliar nitrogen and phosphorus stoichiometry to nitrogen addition: A global meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 241:740-749. [PMID: 29908498 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2017] [Revised: 06/02/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
To test the hypothesis that nutrient-limited conditions can determine the responses of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) stoichiometry to N addition, a meta-analysis was conducted to identify the different responses of foliar N and P concentrations and N-to-P ratios to N addition under N limitation, N and P co-limitation and P limitation. N addition increased the foliar N-to-P ratios and N concentrations by 46.2% and 30.2%, respectively, under N limitation, by 18.7% and 19.7% under N and P co-limitation, and by 4.7% and 12.9% under P limitation. However, different responses of foliar P concentrations to N addition were observed under different nutrient limitations, and negative, positive, and neutral effects on P concentrations were observed under N limitation, P limitation and N and P co-limitation, respectively. Generally, the effects of N addition on N-to-P ratios and N concentrations in herbaceous plants were dramatically larger than those in woody plants (with the exception of the N-to-P ratio under N limitation), but the opposite situation was true for P concentrations. The changes in N-to-P ratios were closely correlated with the changes in N and P concentrations, indicating that the changes in both N and P concentrations due to N addition can drive N and P stoichiometry, but the relative sizes of the contributions of N and P varied greatly with different nutrient limitations. Specifically, the changes in N-to-P ratios may indicate a minimum threshold, which is consistent with the homeostatic mechanism. In brief, increasing N deposition may aggravate P limitation under N-limited conditions but improve P limitation under P-limited conditions. The findings highlight the importance of nutrient-limited conditions in the stoichiometric response to N addition, thereby advancing our ability to predict global plant growth with increasing N deposition in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengming You
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Fuzhong Wu
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Wanqin Yang
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Zhenfeng Xu
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Bo Tan
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Kai Yue
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Xiangyin Ni
- Long-term Research Station of Alpine Forest Ecosystems, Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering, Institute of Ecology and Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang District, Chengdu 611130, China
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Li T, Tao Q, Han X, Yang X. Effects of elevated CO₂ on rhizosphere characteristics of Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2013; 454-455:510-516. [PMID: 23567171 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2012] [Revised: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 03/14/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The effects of elevated CO2 on the metal bioavailability and the rhizosphere characteristics of hyperaccumulator are not well understood. In this study, soil pot experiment was carried out to contrast the effects of elevated CO2 on rhizosphere characteristics between a hyperaccumulating ecotype (HE) and a non-hyperaccumulating ecotype (NHE) of Sedum alfredii grown under ambient (350 μL L(-1)) or elevated (800 μL L(-1)) CO2. Elevated CO2 facilitated the growth of both ecotypes of S. alfredii, but the promotion in the HE was much greater than in the NHE. No significant (P<0.05) changes in soil pH, dissolved organic matter (DOM) and microbial biomass (Cmic) were observed in the rhizosphere of NHE under both CO2 level. For HE, however, elevated CO2 reduced soil pH by 0.3 units, increased DOM (especially for hydrophilic acid (HiA) fractions) by 19.2% and Cmic by 19%, as compared to ambient CO2. Mobile Cd and Zn (extractable with 1M NH4NO3) in the rhizosphere of HE decreased considerably, but the decreases were greater under ambient CO2 than under elevated CO2. Phytoextraction efficiency of Cd and Zn by HE was increased significantly by elevated CO2 (P<0.05). The results suggest that elevated CO2 can change soil microenvironment, increase bioavailability of Cd and Zn and thus facilitate metal uptake by the HE. This work highlights that elevated CO2 may be a useful way to improve phytoremediation efficiency of Cd/Zn-contaminated soil by hyperaccumulating ecotype S. alfredii.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingqiang Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecological Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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10
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Element pool changes within a scrub-oak ecosystem after 11 years of exposure to elevated CO2. PLoS One 2013; 8:e64386. [PMID: 23717607 PMCID: PMC3662763 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0064386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2013] [Accepted: 04/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of elevated CO2 on ecosystem element stocks are equivocal, in part because cumulative effects of CO2 on element pools are difficult to detect. We conducted a complete above and belowground inventory of non-nitrogen macro- and micronutrient stocks in a subtropical woodland exposed to twice-ambient CO2 concentrations for 11 years. We analyzed a suite of nutrient elements and metals important for nutrient cycling in soils to a depth of ∼2 m, in leaves and stems of the dominant oaks, in fine and coarse roots, and in litter. In conjunction with large biomass stimulation, elevated CO2 increased oak stem stocks of Na, Mg, P, K, V, Zn and Mo, and the aboveground pool of K and S. Elevated CO2 increased root pools of most elements, except Zn. CO2-stimulation of plant Ca was larger than the decline in the extractable Ca pool in soils, whereas for other elements, increased plant uptake matched the decline in the extractable pool in soil. We conclude that elevated CO2 caused a net transfer of a subset of nutrients from soil to plants, suggesting that ecosystems with a positive plant growth response under high CO2 will likely cause mobilization of elements from soil pools to plant biomass.
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11
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Liu J, Huang W, Zhou G, Zhang D, Liu S, Li Y. Nitrogen to phosphorus ratios of tree species in response to elevated carbon dioxide and nitrogen addition in subtropical forests. GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY 2013; 19:208-16. [PMID: 23504732 DOI: 10.1111/gcb.12022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2012] [Revised: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 08/26/2012] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Increased atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2 ) concentrations and nitrogen (N) deposition induced by human activities have greatly influenced the stoichiometry of N and phosphorus (P). We used model forest ecosystems in open-top chambers to study the effects of elevated CO2 (ca. 700 μmol mol(-1) ) alone and together with N addition (100 kg N ha(-1) yr(-1) ) on N to P (N : P) ratios in leaves, stems and roots of five tree species, including four non-N2 fixers and one N2 fixer, in subtropical China from 2006 to 2009. Elevated CO2 decreased or had no effects on N : P ratios in plant tissues of tree species. N addition, especially under elevated CO2 , lowered N : P ratios in the N2 fixer, and this effect was significant in the stems and the roots. However, only one species of the non-N2 fixers showed significantly lower N : P ratios under N addition in 2009, and the others were not affected by N addition. The reductions of N : P ratios in response to elevated CO2 and N addition were mainly associated with the increases in P concentrations. Our results imply that elevated CO2 and N addition could facilitate tree species to mitigate P limitation by more strongly influencing P dynamics than N in the subtropical forests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juxiu Liu
- South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510650, China
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12
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Guo H, Zhu J, Zhou H, Sun Y, Yin Y, Pei D, Ji R, Wu J, Wang X. Elevated CO2 levels affects the concentrations of copper and cadmium in crops grown in soil contaminated with heavy metals under fully open-air field conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2011; 45:6997-7003. [PMID: 21770376 DOI: 10.1021/es2001584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Elevated CO(2) levels and the increase in heavy metals in soils through pollution are serious problems worldwide. Whether elevated CO(2) levels will affect plants grown in heavy-metal-polluted soil and thereby influence food quality and safety is not clear. Using a free-air CO(2) enrichment (FACE) system, we investigated the impacts of elevated atmospheric CO(2) on the concentrations of copper (Cu) or cadmium (Cd) in rice and wheat grown in soil with different concentrations of the metals in the soil. In the two-year study, elevated CO(2) levels led to lower Cu concentrations and higher Cd concentrations in shoots and grain of both rice and wheat grown in the respective contaminated soil. Elevated CO(2) levels slightly but significantly lowered the pH of the soil and led to changes in Cu and Cd fractionation in the soil. Our study indicates that elevated CO(2) alters the distribution of contaminant elements in soil and plants, thereby probably affecting food quality and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China.
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