1
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Wang CH, DeBeer S. Structure, reactivity, and spectroscopy of nitrogenase-related synthetic and biological clusters. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:8743-8761. [PMID: 34159992 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00381j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The reduction of dinitrogen (N2) is essential for its incorporation into nucleic acids and amino acids, which are vital to life on earth. Nitrogenases convert atmospheric dinitrogen to two ammonia molecules (NH3) under ambient conditions. The catalytic active sites of these enzymes (known as FeM-cofactor clusters, where M = Mo, V, Fe) are the sites of N2 binding and activation and have been a source of great interest for chemists for decades. In this review, recent studies on nitrogenase-related synthetic molecular complexes and biological clusters are discussed, with a focus on their reactivity and spectroscopic characterization. The molecular models that are discussed span from simple mononuclear iron complexes to multinuclear iron complexes and heterometallic iron complexes. In addition, recent work on the extracted biological cofactors is discussed. An emphasis is placed on how these studies have contributed towards our understanding of the electronic structure and mechanism of nitrogenases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hao Wang
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion, Stiftstr. 34-36, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.
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2
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Understanding Factors that Control the Structural (Dis)Assembly of Sulphur-Bridged Bimetallic Sites. INORGANICS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics7040042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Bimetallic structures of the general type [M2(µ-S)2] are omnipresent in nature, for biological function [M2(µ-S)2] sites interconvert between electronically distinct, but isostructural, forms. Different from structure-function relationships, the current understanding of the mechanism of formation and persistence of [M2(µ-S)2] sites is poorly developed. This work reports on bimetallic model compounds of nickel that interconvert between functional structures [Ni2(µ-S)2]+/2+ and isomeric congeners [2{κ-S–Ni}]2+/+, S = Aryl-S−, in which the nickel ions are geometrically independent. Interconversion of the two sets of structures was studied quantitatively by UV–VIS absorption spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. Assembly of the [Ni2(µ-S)2]+ core from [2{κ-S–Ni}]+ is thermodynamically and kinetically highly preferred over the disassembly of [Ni2(µ-S)2]2+ into [2{κ-S–Ni}]2+. Labile Ni-η2/3-bonding to aromatic π-systems of the primary thiophenol ligand is critical for modeling (dis)assembly processes. A phosphine coligand mimics the role of anionic donors present in natural sites that saturate metal coordination. Three parameters have been identified as critical for structure formation and persistence. These are, first, the stereoelectronic properties of the metals ions, second, the steric demand of the coligand, and, third, the properties of the dative bond between nickel and coligand. The energies of transition states connecting functional and precursor forms have been found to depend on these parameters.
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3
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Polgar AM, Corrigan JF. Recent advances in the self-assembly of polynuclear metal–selenium and –tellurium compounds from 14–16 reagents. PHYSICAL SCIENCES REVIEWS 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/psr-2017-0126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The use of reagents containing bonds between group 14 elements and Se or Te for the self-assembly of polynuclear metal–chalcogen compounds is covered. Background material is briefly reviewed and examples from the literature are highlighted from the period 2007–2017. Emphasis is placed on the different classes of 14–16 precursors and their application in the targeted synthesis of metal–chalcogen compounds. The unique properties arising from the combination of specific 14–16 precursors, metal atoms, and ancillary ligands are also described. Selected examples are chosen to underline the progress in (i) controlled synthesis of heterometallic (ternary) chalcogen clusters, (ii) chalcogen clusters with organic functionalized surfaces, and (iii) crystalline open-framework metal chalcogenides.
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4
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Koch F, Berkefeld A, Speiser B, Schubert H. Mechanistic Aspects of Redox-Induced Assembly and Disassembly of S-Bridged [2M-2S] Structures. Chemistry 2017; 23:16681-16690. [PMID: 28976037 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur-bridged binuclear structures [2M-2S] play a pivotal role in a variety of chemical processes such as bond breaking and formation and electron transfer. In general, structural persistence is deemed essential to the respective function but owing to the lack of a suitable molecular model system, the current understanding of the factors that control the thermodynamic and kinetic stability of [2M-2S] cores clearly is limited. This work reports a series of binuclear complexes of nickel derived from a 1,4-terphenyldithiophenol ligand platform that is ideally suited for mechanistic work to overcome this limitation. Redox-induced assembly and disassembly of S-bridged [2M-2S] fragments have been investigated at the molecular level. As part of an extended square scheme, metastable binuclear structures that are significant mechanistically have been identified, characterized, and their reactivity studied quantitatively. Electronic properties that are inherent to [2M-2S] structures and determine thermodynamic and kinetic stability are differentiated from steric effects imposed by co-ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Koch
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Germany
| | - Andreas Berkefeld
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Germany
| | - Bernd Speiser
- Institut für Organische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Germany
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, Germany
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5
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Kowalska JK, Nayyar B, Rees JA, Schiewer CE, Lee SC, Kovacs JA, Meyer F, Weyhermüller T, Otero E, DeBeer S. Iron L 2,3-Edge X-ray Absorption and X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism Studies of Molecular Iron Complexes with Relevance to the FeMoco and FeVco Active Sites of Nitrogenase. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:8147-8158. [PMID: 28653855 PMCID: PMC5516708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
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Herein, a systematic study of a series
of molecular iron model complexes has been carried out using Fe L2,3-edge X-ray absorption (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular
dichroism (XMCD) spectroscopies. This series spans iron complexes
of increasing complexity, starting from ferric and ferrous tetrachlorides
([FeCl4]−/2–), to ferric and ferrous
tetrathiolates ([Fe(SR)4]−/2–),
to diferric and mixed-valent iron–sulfur complexes [Fe2S2R4]2–/3–.
This test set of compounds is used to evaluate the sensitivity of
both Fe L2,3-edge XAS and XMCD spectroscopy to oxidation
state and ligation changes. It is demonstrated that the energy shift
and intensity of the L2,3-edge XAS spectra depends on both
the oxidation state and covalency of the system; however, the quantitative
information that can be extracted from these data is limited. On the
other hand, analysis of the Fe XMCD shows distinct changes in the
intensity at both L3 and L2 edges, depending
on the oxidation state of the system. It is also demonstrated that
the XMCD intensity is modulated by the covalency of the system. For
mononuclear systems, the experimental data are correlated with atomic
multiplet calculations in order to provide insights into the experimental
observations. Finally, XMCD is applied to the tetranuclear heterometal–iron–sulfur
clusters [MFe3S4]3+/2+ (M = Mo, V),
which serve as structural analogues of the FeMoco and FeVco active
sites of nitrogenase. It is demonstrated that the XMCD data can be
utilized to obtain information on the oxidation state distribution
in complex clusters that is not readily accessible for the Fe L2,3-edge XAS data alone. The advantages of XMCD relative to
standard K-edge and L2,3-edge XAS are highlighted. This
study provides an important foundation for future XMCD studies on
complex (bio)inorganic systems. A systematic Fe L2,3-edge X-ray absorption (XAS) and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism
(XMCD) study of iron tetrachlorides ([FeCl4]−/2−), iron tetrathiolates ([Fe(SR)4]−/2−), diferric and mixed-valent iron−sulfur dimers [Fe2S2R4]2−/3− and heterometal−iron−sulfur
tetramers [MFe3S4]3+/2+ (M = Mo,
V) is reported. The changes in XAS and XMCD energies and intensities
across this set of complexes are presented together with atomic multiplet
calculations. The advantages of XMCD as an electronic structure probe
of complex clusters are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna K Kowalska
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstraβe 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Brahamjot Nayyar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Julian A Rees
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstraβe 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.,Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Christine E Schiewer
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , Tammannstraβe 4, D-37007 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sonny C Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo , Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L 3G1
| | - Julie A Kovacs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington , Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Franc Meyer
- University of Göttingen, Institute of Inorganic Chemistry , Tammannstraβe 4, D-37007 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Thomas Weyhermüller
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstraβe 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Edwige Otero
- SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers , 91190 Saint-Aubin, France
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max Planck Institute for Chemical Energy Conversion , Stiftstraβe 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
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6
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Reesbeck ME, Rodriguez MM, Brennessel WW, Mercado BQ, Vinyard D, Holland PL. Oxidized and reduced [2Fe-2S] clusters from an iron(I) synthon. J Biol Inorg Chem 2015; 20:875-83. [PMID: 26044124 DOI: 10.1007/s00775-015-1272-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Accepted: 05/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic [2Fe-2S] clusters are often used to elucidate ligand effects on the reduction potentials and spectroscopy of natural electron-transfer sites, which can have anionic Cys ligands or neutral His ligands. Current synthetic routes to [2Fe-2S] clusters are limited in their feasibility with a range of supporting ligands. Here, we report a new synthetic route to synthetic [2Fe-2S] clusters, through oxidation of an iron(I) source with elemental sulfur. This method yields a neutral diketiminate-supported [2Fe-2S] cluster in the diiron(III)-oxidized form. The oxidized [2Fe-2S] cluster can be reduced to a mixed valent iron(II)-iron(III) compound. Both the diferric and reduced mixed valent clusters are characterized using X-ray crystallography, Mössbauer spectroscopy, EPR spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The reduced compound is particularly interesting because its X-ray crystal structure shows a difference in Fe-S bond lengths to one of the iron atoms, consistent with valence localization. The valence localization is also evident from Mössbauer spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan E Reesbeck
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, 225 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT, 06520, USA
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7
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Fard MA, Khalili Najafabadi B, Hesari M, Workentin MS, Corrigan JF. New polydentate trimethylsilyl chalcogenide reagents for the assembly of polyferrocenyl architectures. Chemistry 2014; 20:7037-47. [PMID: 24806828 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201400185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A series of polychalcogenotrimethylsilane complexes Ar(CH2ESiMe3)n, (Ar = aryl; E = S, Se; n = 2, 3, and 4) can be prepared from the corresponding polyorganobromide and M[ESiMe3] (M = Na, Li). These represent the first examples of the incorporation of such a large number of reactive -ESiMe3 moieties onto an organic molecular framework. They are shown to be convenient reagents for the preparation of the polyferrocenylseleno- and thioesters from ferrocenoyl chloride. The synthesis, structures, and spectroscopic properties of the new silyl chalcogen complexes 1,4-(Me3SiECH2)2(C6Me4) (E = S, 1; E = Se, 2), 1,3,5-(Me3SiECH2)3(C6Me3) (E = S, 3; E = Se, 4) and 1,2,4,5-(Me3SiECH2)4(C6H2) (E = S, 5; E = Se, 6) and the polyferrocenyl chalcogenoesters [1,4-{FcC(O)ECH2}2(C6Me4)] (E = S, 7; E = Se, 8), [1,3,5-{FcC(O)ECH2}3(C6Me3)] (E = S, 9; E = Se, 10) and [1,2,4,5-{FcC(O)ECH2}4(C6H2)] (E = S, 11 illustrated; E = Se, 12) are reported. The new polysilylated reagents and polyferrocenyl chalcogenoesters have been characterized by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy ((1)H, (13)C, (77)Se), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and, for complexes 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, 8, and 11, single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cyclic voltammograms of complexes 7-11 are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmood Azizpoor Fard
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5B7 (Canada), Fax: (+1)519-661-3022
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8
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Pollock CJ, Tan LL, Zhang W, Lancaster KM, Lee SC, DeBeer S. Light-Atom Influences on the Electronic Structures of Iron–Sulfur Clusters. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:2591-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic402944r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christopher J. Pollock
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Lay Ling Tan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L3G1
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L3G1
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Sonny C. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L3G1
| | - Serena DeBeer
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemische Energiekonversion, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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9
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Chen XD, Zhang W, Duncan JS, Lee SC. Iron–Amide–Sulfide and Iron–Imide–Sulfide Clusters: Heteroligated Core Environments Relevant to the Nitrogenase FeMo Cofactor. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:12891-904. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301868m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu-Dong Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L
3G1
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L
3G1
| | - Jeremiah S. Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L
3G1
| | - Sonny C. Lee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada N2L
3G1
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10
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Tran CT, Kim E. Acid-Dependent Degradation of a [2Fe–2S] Cluster by Nitric Oxide. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:10086-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic301676f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Camly T. Tran
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode
Island 02912, United States
| | - Eunsuk Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode
Island 02912, United States
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11
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Nieboer J, Haiges R, Hillary W, Yu X, Richardet T, Mercier HPA, Gerken M. Fluoride-Ion Acceptor Properties of WSF4: Synthesis, Characterization, and Computational Study of the WSF5– and W2S2F9– Anions and 19F NMR Spectroscopic Characterization of the W2OSF9– Anion. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:6350-9. [DOI: 10.1021/ic3005882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jared Nieboer
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Ralf Haiges
- Loker Hydrocarbon
Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
90089, United States
| | - William Hillary
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Tyler Richardet
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | | | - Michael Gerken
- Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry, The University of Lethbridge, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
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12
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Albers A, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Bill E, Bothe E, Meyer F. Die vollständige Charakterisierung eines reduzierten biomimetischen [2 Fe-2 S]-Clusters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201100727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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13
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Albers A, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Bill E, Bothe E, Meyer F. The Complete Characterization of a Reduced Biomimetic [2 Fe-2 S] Cluster. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:9191-4. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201100727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2011] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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14
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Xi B, Holm RH. The [MoFe3S4]2+ oxidation state: synthesis, substitution reactions, and structures of phosphine-ligated cubane-type clusters with the S=2 ground state. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:6280-8. [PMID: 21648449 DOI: 10.1021/ic200641k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The cluster [(Tp)MoFe(3)S(4)(PEt(3))(3)](1+) containing the cubane-type [MoFe(3)(μ(3)-S)(4)](2+) reduced core undergoes facile ligand substitution reactions at the iron sites leading to an extensive set of mono- and disubstituted species [(Tp)MoFe(3)S(4)(PEt(3))(3-n)L(n)](1-n) with L = halide, N(3)(-), PhS(-), PhSe(-), R(3)SiO(-), and R(3)SiS(-) and n = 1 and 2. Structures of 10 members of the set are reported. For two representative clusters, Curie behavior at 2-20 K indicates a spin-quintet ground state. Zero-field Mössbauer spectra consist of two doublets in a 2:1 intensity ratio. (57)Fe isomer shifts are consistent with the mean oxidation state Fe(3)(2.33+) arising from electron delocalization of the mixed-valence oxidation state description [Mo(3+)Fe(3+)Fe(2+)(2)]. Reaction of [(Tp)MoFe(3)S(4)(PEt(3))(2)Cl] with (Me(3)Si)(2)S affords [(Tp)MoFe(3)S(4)(PEt(3))(2)(SSiMe(3))], a likely first intermediate in the formation of the tricluster compound {[(Tp)MoFe(3)S(4)(PEt)(2)](3)S}(BPh(4)) from the reaction of [(Tp)MoFe(3)S(4)(PEt(3))(3)](BPh(4)) and NaSSiMe(3) in tetrahydrofuran (THF). The tricluster consists of three cluster units bound to a central μ(3)-S atom in a species of overall C(3) symmetry. Relatively few clusters in the [MoFe(3)S(4)](2+) oxidation state have been prepared compared to the abundance of clusters in the oxidized [MoFe(3)S(4)](3+) state. This work is the first comprehensive study of the [MoFe(3)S(4)](2+) state, one conspicuous feature of which is its ability to bind hard and soft σ-donors and strong to weak π-acid ligands. (Tp = tris(pyrazolyl)hydroborate(1-)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Xi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
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15
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Fuchs MGG, Dechert S, Demeshko S, Meyer F. N-Coordinated [2Fe-2S] and [4Fe-4S] Clusters: Synthesis, Structures and Spectroscopic Characterisation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Fuchs MGG, Dechert S, Demeshko S, Ryde U, Meyer F. A Five-Coordinate [2Fe−2S] Cluster. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:5853-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic902559n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael G. G. Fuchs
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Serhiy Demeshko
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Ryde
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, P.O. Box 124, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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17
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Ballmann J, Dechert S, Demeshko S, Meyer F. Tuning Electronic Properties of Biomimetic [2Fe-2S] Clusters by Ligand Variations. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200900101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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Ballmann J, Sun X, Dechert S, Schneider B, Meyer F. A convenient ligand exchange pathway to [2Fe–2S] ferredoxin analogues. Dalton Trans 2009:4908-17. [DOI: 10.1039/b901242g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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19
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Ballmann J, Albers A, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Bill E, Bothe E, Ryde U, Meyer F. A synthetic analogue of Rieske-type [2Fe-2S] clusters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:9537-41. [PMID: 18972470 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200803418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Ballmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, Tammannstrasse 4, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
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20
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Ballmann J, Albers A, Demeshko S, Dechert S, Bill E, Bothe E, Ryde U, Meyer F. Ein synthetisches Analogon für [2Fe-2S]-Cluster des Rieske-Typs. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200803418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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21
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Koike T, Yokota S, Fujiwara H, Sugimoto T, Noguchi S, de Caro D, Valade L. Fe2OCl62− Salt Formed by Electrochemical Oxidation of Ethylenedioxytetrathiafulvalenoquinone-1,3-dithiolemethide in the Presence of FeCl4− Ion with a Silicon Wafer Electrode. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:7074-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ic8006487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Koike
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, and Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (CNRS UPR 8241), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Sayo Yokota
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, and Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (CNRS UPR 8241), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Hideki Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, and Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (CNRS UPR 8241), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Toyonari Sugimoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, and Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (CNRS UPR 8241), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Satoru Noguchi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, and Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (CNRS UPR 8241), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Dominique de Caro
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, and Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (CNRS UPR 8241), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Lydie Valade
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8570, Japan, Department of Physics and Electronics, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan, and Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination (CNRS UPR 8241), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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22
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Ballmann J, Dechert S, Bill E, Ryde U, Meyer F. Secondary Bonding Interactions in Biomimetic [2Fe−2S] Clusters. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:1586-96. [DOI: 10.1021/ic702095a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Ballmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Sebastian Dechert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Ryde
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Franc Meyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany, Max-Planck-Institut für Bioanorganische Chemie, Stiftstrasse 34-36, D-45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany, and Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Lund University, Chemical Centre, S-22100 Lund, Sweden
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23
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Bates K, Garrett B, Henderson RA. Rates of Proton Transfer to Fe−S-Based Clusters: Comparison of Clusters Containing {MFe(μ2-S)2}n+ and {MFe3(μ3-S)4}n+ (M = Fe, Mo, or W) Cores. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:11145-55. [DOI: 10.1021/ic7015484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katie Bates
- Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan Garrett
- Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Richard A. Henderson
- Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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24
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Garrett B, Henderson RA. Direct studies on 5-coordinate intermediates formed during substitution at tetrahedral Fe sites: role of bound nucleophile in labilisation of leaving group. Dalton Trans 2007:3435-9. [PMID: 17664981 DOI: 10.1039/b706272a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The substitution reactions of the tetrahedral Fe sites in [FeCl(4)](-), [Fe(2)S(2)Cl(4)](2-), [Fe(4)S(4)Cl(4)](2-) and [{MoFe(3)S(4)Cl(3)}(2)(micro-SEt)(3)](3-) with 4-RC(6)H(4)S(-) (R = MeO, Me, H, Cl or NO(2)) all involve rapid binding of the thiolate to a Fe site and formation of a kinetically and spectroscopically detectable intermediate. Kinetic studies allow calculation of the rate of Fe-Cl dissociation from the 5-coordinate site of the intermediate (k(2)(R)). The rate of Fe-Cl dissociation from the intermediate exhibits a marked dependence on the nature of the bound thiolate with log(10)(k(2)(R)) increasing in a linear manner with the calculated NBO charge on the sulfur atom of the coordinated thiolate. This behaviour indicates that Fe-Cl bond dissociation at the 5-coordinate intermediate involves a process in which Fe-thiolate bond shortening occurs prior to movement of the Fe-Cl bond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Garrett
- Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, UK
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25
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Parkin G. Terminal Chalcogenido Complexes of the Transition Metals. PROGRESS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470166482.ch1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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26
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Ballmann J, Sun X, Dechert S, Bill E, Meyer F. Relatively stable N-ligated [2Fe2S]2+ clusters with dipyrromethane capping ligands. J Inorg Biochem 2007; 101:305-12. [PMID: 17134759 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2006.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2006] [Revised: 10/04/2006] [Accepted: 10/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
[2Fe2S] clusters with terminal N-ligation (His, Arg) and unique functions are increasingly recognized in biological systems. In this work three new [2Fe2S] clusters 1-3 with different 1,1'-dipyrrolmethane derivatives as chelating terminal ligands have been prepared and fully characterized, including by X-ray crystallography: (NEt(4))(2)[L(2)Fe(2)(mu-S)(2)] with L=Me(2)C(C(4)H(3)N)(2) (1), Ph(2)C(C(4)H(3)N)(2) (2), (CH(2))(5)C(C(4)H(3)N)(2) (3). These systems represent rare examples of synthetic [2Fe2S] complexes with N-donor capping ligands. While geometric parameters as well as spectroscopic and electrochemical characteristics of the new complexes are as anticipated, the chelating nature of the terminal ligands in 1-3 imparts a relatively high stability that will be advantageous for reactivity studies of the [2Fe2S] core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Ballmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Georg-August-Universität, Tammannstrasse 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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28
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Donahue JP. Thermodynamic Scales for Sulfur Atom Transfer and Oxo-for-Sulfido Exchange Reactions. Chem Rev 2006; 106:4747-83. [PMID: 17091934 DOI: 10.1021/cr050044w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- James P Donahue
- Department of Chemistry, Tulane University, 6400 Freret Street, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118-5698, USA.
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29
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Xiao Y, Koutmos M, Case DA, Coucouvanis D, Wang H, Cramer SP. Dynamics of an [Fe4S4(SPh)4]2- cluster explored via IR, Raman, and nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS)-analysis using 36S substitution, DFT calculations, and empirical force fields. Dalton Trans 2006:2192-201. [PMID: 16673033 DOI: 10.1039/b513331a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have used four vibrational spectroscopies--FT-IR, FT-Raman, resonance Raman, and 57Fe nuclear resonance vibrational spectroscopy (NRVS)--to study the normal modes of the Fe-S cluster in [(n-Bu)4N]2[Fe4S4(SPh)4]. This [Fe4S4(SR)4]2- complex serves as a model for the clusters in 4Fe ferredoxins and high-potential iron proteins (HiPIPs). The IR spectra exhibited differences above and below the 243 K phase transition. Significant shifts with 36S substitution into the bridging S positions were also observed. The NRVS results were in good agreement with the low temperature data from the conventional spectroscopies. The NRVS spectra were interpreted by normal mode analysis using optimized Urey-Bradley force fields (UBFF) as well as from DFT theory. For the UBFF calculations, the parameters were refined by comparing calculated and observed NRVS frequencies and intensities. The frequency shifts after 36S substitution were used as an additional constraint. A D 2d symmetry Fe4S4S'4 model could explain most of the observed frequencies, but a better match to the observed intensities was obtained when the ligand aromatic rings were included for a D 2d Fe4S4(SPh)4 model. The best results were obtained using the low temperature structure without symmetry constraints. In addition to stretching and bending vibrations, low frequency modes between approximately 50 and 100 cm(-1) were observed. These modes, which have not been seen before, are interpreted as twisting motions with opposing sides of the cube rotating in opposite directions. In contrast with a recent paper on a related Fe4S4 cluster, we find no need to assign a large fraction of the low frequency NRVS intensity to 'rotational lattice modes'. We also reassign the 430 cm(-1) band as primarily an elongation of the thiophenolate ring, with approximately 10% terminal Fe-S stretch character. This study illustrates the benefits of combining NRVS with conventional Raman and IR analysis for characterization of Fe-S centers. DFT theory is shown to provide remarkable agreement with the experimental NRVS data. These results provide a reference point for the analysis of more complex Fe-S clusters in proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Xiao
- Department of Applied Science, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
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30
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Wei J, Ju G, You X. Study on magnetic properties for (μ-oxo)bis[trichloroferrate(III)] dimer [Fe2Cl6O]2− by local spin theory. Chem Phys Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2004.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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31
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Wallbank AI, Corrigan JF. Triply bridged dicopper-bis(trimethylsilylchalcogenolates): Synthesis and characterization of the series of helical complexes [(Me3SiE-Cu)2(µ-Ph2PCCPPh2-κ2P)3] (E = S, Se, Te). CAN J CHEM 2002. [DOI: 10.1139/v02-032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The copper-chalcogenolates [(Me3SiE-Cu)2(µ-Ph2PC[Formula: see text]CPPh2-κ2P)3] (1, E = S; 2, E = Se; 3, E = Te) have been prepared in good yield from [(OAcCu)2(µ-Ph2PC[Formula: see text]CPPh2-κ2P)3] and E(SiMe3)2 at low temperatures. Complexes 13 contain two pendant -ESiMe3 moieties bonded to copper(I) centres, which are also bridged by three didentate ligands to form helical structures. Complexes 13 have been characterized by single crystal crystallographic and spectroscopic methods.Key words: copper, chalcogen, helical, trimethylsilyl groups, phosphinoacetylene.
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33
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Han J, Koutmos M, Ahmad SA, Coucouvanis D. Rational synthesis of high nuclearity Mo/Fe/S clusters: the reductive coupling approach in the convenient synthesis of (Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(6)S(8)(PR(3))(6) [R = Et, (n)Pr, (n)Bu] and the new [(Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(2)S(3)O(PEt(3))(3)Cl]-1/2(Fe(PEt(3))(2)(MeCN)(4)) and (Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(3)S(5)(PEt(3))(5) clusters. Inorg Chem 2001; 40:5985-99. [PMID: 11681915 DOI: 10.1021/ic0104914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A general method for the synthesis of high nuclearity Mo/Fe/S clusters is presented and involves the reductive coupling of the (Et(4)N)(2)[(Cl(4)-cat)MoOFeS(2)Cl(2)] (I) and (Et(4)N)(2)[Fe(2)S(2)Cl(4)] (II) clusters. The reaction of I and II with Fe(PR(3))(2)Cl(2) or sodium salts of noncoordinating anions such as NaPF(6) or NaBPh(4) in the presence of PR(3) (R = Et, (n)Pr, or (n)Bu) affords (Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(6)S(8)(PR(3))(6) [R = Et (IIIa), (n)Pr (IIIb), (n)Bu (IIIc)], Fe(6)S(6)(PEt(3))(4)Cl(2) (IV) and (PF(6))[Fe(6)S(8)(P(n)Pr(3))(6)] (V) as byproducts. The isolation of (Et(4)N)[Fe(PEt(3))Cl(3)] (VI), NaCl, and SPEt(3) supports a reductive coupling mechanism. Cluster IV and V also have been synthesized by the reductive self-coupling of compound II. The reductive coupling reaction between I and II by PEt(3) and NaPF(6) in a 1:1 ratio produces the (Et(4)N)(2)[(Cl(4)-cat)Mo(L)Fe(3)S(4)Cl(3)] clusters [L = MeCN (VIIa), THF (VIIb)]. The hitherto unknown [(Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(2)S(3)O(PEt(3))(3)Cl](+) cluster (VIII) has been isolated as the 2:1 salt of the (Fe(PEt(3))(2)(MeCN)(4))(2+) cation after the reductive self-coupling reaction of I in the presence of Fe(PEt(3))(2)Cl(2). Cluster VIII crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c with a = 11.098(3) A, b = 22.827(6) A, c = 25.855(6) A, beta = 91.680(4) degrees, and Z = 4. The formal oxidation states of metal atoms in VIII have been assigned as Mo(III), Mo(IV), Fe(II), and Fe(III) on the basis of zero-field Mössbauer spectra. The Fe(PEt(3))(2)(MeCN)(4) cation of VIII is also synthesized independently, isolated as the BPh(4)(-) salt (IX), and has been structurally characterized. The reductive coupling of compound I also affords in low yield the new (Cl(4)-cat)(2)Mo(2)Fe(3)S(5)(PEt(3))(5) cluster (X) as a byproduct. Cluster X crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/n with a = 14.811(3) A, b = 22.188(4) A, c = 21.864(4) A, beta = 100.124(3) degrees, and Z = 4 and the structure shows very short Mo-Fe, Fe-Fe, Mo-S, Fe-S bonds. The oxidation states of the metal atoms in this neutral cluster (X) have been assigned as Mo(IV)Mo(III)Fe(II)Fe(II)Fe(III) based on zero-field Mössbauer and magnetic measurement. All Fe atoms are high spin and two of the three Fe-Fe distances are found at 2.4683(9) A and 2.4721(9) A.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Han
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1055, USA
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35
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Generation of melded ligand (M=Mo) and mono(dithiolene) (M=Nb) complexes in the reactions of M(S2)(S2CNEt2)3 with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. Inorganica Chim Acta 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)00242-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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36
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Sweeney ZK, Polse JL, Bergman RG, Andersen RA. Dihydrogen Activation by Titanium Sulfide Complexes. Organometallics 1999; 18:5502-5510. [PMID: 16633550 PMCID: PMC1444909 DOI: 10.1021/om9907876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The titanocene sulfido complex Cp*(2)Ti(S)py (1, Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl; py = pyridine) is synthesized by addition of a suspension of S(8) to a toluene solution of Cp*(2)Ti-(CH(2)CH(2)) (2) and py. The rate of rotation of the pyridine ligand in solution was determined by (1)H NMR spectroscopy, and the structure of 1 was determined by X-ray crystallography. Complex 1 reacts reversibly with dihydrogen to give Cp*(2)Ti(H)SH (6) and py. Reaction of 1 with HD gives an equilibrium mixture of Cp*(2)Ti(D)SH and Cp*(2)Ti(H)SD; H(2) and D(2) are not formed in this reaction. 1D (1)H NMR magnetization transfer spectra and 2D EXSY (1)H NMR spectra of 6 in the presence of H(2) show that in solution the H(2), hydride, and hydrosulfido hydrogen atoms exchange. A four-center mechanism for this exchange is proposed. The EXSY studies show that the Ti-H and S-H hydrogens exchange with each other more rapidly than either of those hydrogens exchanges with external H(2). A transient dihydrogen complex intermediate is proposed to explain this observation. The infrared spectrum of 6 shows an absorption assigned to the Ti-H stretching mode at 1591 cm(-1) that shifts upon deuteration to 1154 cm(-1). Reaction of 1 with trimethylsilane, diethylsilane, or dimethylsilane gives Cp*(2)-Ti(H)SSiMe(3) (7), Cp*(2)Ti(H)SSiHEt(2) (8), or Cp*(2)Ti(H)SSiHMe(2) (9), respectively. The isotope effect for the reaction producing 7 has been measured, and a mechanism is proposed. Treatment of 1 with an additional equivalent of S(8) results in the formation of the disulfide Cp*(2)Ti(S(2)) (4). Acetylene inserts into the Ti-S bond of 4 to produce the vinyl disulfide complex 5. The structures of 4 and 5 have been determined by X-ray diffraction. Compound 4 reacts with 2 in the presence of py to produce 1. Phosphines react with 4 in the presence of H(2) to provide 6 and the corresponding phosphine sulfide. Reaction of hydrogen with 4 gives Cp*(2)-Ti(SH)(2) (3). The reactions of 1 and 4 with dihydrogen provide a model for possible mechanisms of H(2) activation by metal-sulfide hydrodesulfurization catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary K Sweeney
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720
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37
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Degl'innocenti A, Capperucci A. Organosilanes in Sulfur Chemistry: Silicon Mediated Synthesis and Reactivity of Sulfur-Containing Molecules. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1998. [DOI: 10.1080/01961779808047923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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Tonon C, Iernoa H, Jordanov J, Laugier J, Greneche JM. Synthesis and Properties of New Mixed-Halide Derivatives of Iron-Sulfide Dimers-Crystal Structure of (Et4N)2[Fe2S2Cl2Br2]. Eur J Inorg Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19971300216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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39
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Barclay J, Evans DJ. Amino acid induced iron-sulfur cluster interconversions studied by 1H NMR and Mössbauer spectroscopies. Inorganica Chim Acta 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/0020-1693(95)04953-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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40
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Ueyama N, Ueno S, Nakamura A, Wada K, Matsubara H, Kumagai S, Sakakibara S, Tsukihara T. A synthetic analogue for the active site of plant-type ferredoxin: two different coordination isomers by a four-cys-containing [20]-peptide. Biopolymers 1992; 32:1535-44. [PMID: 1457730 DOI: 10.1002/bip.360321111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The (Fe2S2)2+ complex of an artificial 20-peptide ligand, Ac-Pro-Tyr-Ser-Cys-Arg-Ala-Gly-Ala-Cys-Ser-Thr-Cys-Ala-Gly-Pro-Leu-Leu-T hr-Cys- Val-NH2, containing an invariant Cys-A-B-C-D-Cys-X-Y-Cys (A, B, C, D, X, Y = amino acid residues) fragment of plant-type ferredoxins was synthesized by a ligand exchange method with [Fe2S2(S-t-Bu)4]2-. 1H-nmr spectroscopic and electrochemical data of the complex indicate the presence of two coordination isomers. One of them having a Cys-X-Y-Cys bridging coordination to the two Fe(III) ions, has the (Fe2S2)2+ core environment similar to those of the denatured plant-type ferredoxins and exhibits a positive shifted redox potential at -0.64 V vs saturated colonel electrode (SCE) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Another isomer with the Cys-A-B-C-D-Cys bridging coordination shows a negative redox potential at -0.96 V vs SCE in DMF.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Ueyama
- Department of Macromolecular Science, Faculty of Science, Osaka University, Japan
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41
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43
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Beardwood P, Gibson JF. Iron–sulfur dimers with benzimidazolate–thiolate, –phenolate or bis(benzimidazolate) terminal chelating ligands. Models for Rieske-type proteins. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1992. [DOI: 10.1039/dt9920002457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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44
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Krebs B, Henkel G. Übergangsmetallthiolate - von molekularen Fragmenten sulfidischer Festkörper zu Modellen aktiver Zentren in Biomolekülen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1991. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19911030708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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45
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The use of silylethers and silylthioethers in syntheses of oxohalide and thiohalide compounds of molybdenum and tungsten. Polyhedron 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0277-5387(00)86956-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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46
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M�ller A, Schladerbeck NH, Krickemeyer E, B�gge H, Schmitz K, Bill E, Trautwein AX. Darstellung von Metall-Schwefel-Clustern durch einfache Reaktion von Metallsalzen mit H2S: R2(NH4)[Cu3S12], R2[Cu4S12] � CH3CN, R2[Cu4S12,8], R2[Fe2S2(S5)2], R2[Fe4S4Br4], R2[Fe4S4Br2Cl2], R2[Fe4S4Cl4], R2[Fe2S2Cl4] (R = PPh4) und [Fe(DMF)6][Fe2S2Cl4]. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19895700102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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47
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Fenske D, Ohmer J, Hachgenei J, Merzweiler K. Neue Übergangsmetallcluster-Komplexe mit Liganden der fünften und sechsten Hauptgruppe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19881001006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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48
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