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Ghosh K, Tyagi N, Kumar H, Rathi S. DNA interaction, SOD, peroxidase and nuclease activity studies of iron complex having ligand with carboxamido nitrogen donors. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 146:292-296. [PMID: 25819318 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2015.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2014] [Revised: 12/09/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Complex (Et3HN)[Fe(III)(bpb)Cl2], 1 {where H2bpb: N,N'-(1,2-phenylene)bis(pyridine-2-carboxamide)} was synthesized and characterized by reported procedure (Yang et al., 1991). Complex 1 was found to be effective in superoxide scavenging activity and an IC50 value of 4.1 μM was obtained in xanthine-xanthine oxidase nitro blue tetrazolium assay. Peroxidase-like activity of this complex was determined by the oxidation of 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS). DNA interaction studies of complex 1 showed binding of DNA through external or groove binding. Complex 1 exhibited chemical nuclease activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide and cleaved supercoiled pBR322 DNA to its linear and nicked circular form at physiological pH. Mechanistic studies indicated possible role of hydroxyl radical (·OH) species in DNA cleavage activity via hydroperoxo intermediate: [Fe(III)OOH(-)](2+)→[Fe(IV)O](2+)+(·)OH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India.
| | - Nidhi Tyagi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Hemant Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sweety Rathi
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee, Roorkee 247667, Uttarakhand, India
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2
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Yu Z, Paul R, Bhattacharya C, Bozeman TC, Rishel MJ, Hecht SM. Structural features facilitating tumor cell targeting and internalization by bleomycin and its disaccharide. Biochemistry 2015; 54:3100-9. [PMID: 25905565 PMCID: PMC4440614 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.5b00277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We have shown previously that the bleomycin (BLM) carbohydrate moiety can recapitulate the tumor cell targeting effects of the entire BLM molecule, that BLM itself is modular in nature consisting of a DNA-cleaving aglycone which is delivered selectively to the interior of tumor cells by its carbohydrate moiety, and that there are disaccharides structurally related to the BLM disaccharide which are more efficient than the natural disaccharide at tumor cell targeting/uptake. Because BLM sugars can deliver molecular cargoes selectively to tumor cells, and thus potentially form the basis for a novel antitumor strategy, it seemed important to consider additional structural features capable of affecting the efficiency of tumor cell recognition and delivery. These included the effects of sugar polyvalency and net charge (at physiological pH) on tumor cell recognition, internalization, and trafficking. Since these parameters have been shown to affect cell surface recognition, internalization, and distribution in other contexts, this study has sought to define the effects of these structural features on tumor cell recognition by bleomycin and its disaccharide. We demonstrate that both can have a significant effect on tumor cell binding/internalization, and present data which suggests that the metal ions normally bound by bleomycin following clinical administration may significantly contribute to the efficiency of tumor cell uptake, in addition to their characterized function in DNA cleavage. A BLM disaccharide-Cy5** conjugate incorporating the positively charged dipeptide d-Lys-d-Lys was found to associate with both the mitochondria and the nuclear envelope of DU145 cells, suggesting possible cellular targets for BLM disaccharide-cytotoxin conjugates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Yu
- †Center for Bioenergetics, Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Rakesh Paul
- †Center for Bioenergetics, Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Chandrabali Bhattacharya
- †Center for Bioenergetics, Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Trevor C Bozeman
- †Center for Bioenergetics, Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Michael J Rishel
- ‡GE Global Research, 1 Research Circle, Niskayuna, New York 12309, United States
| | - Sidney M Hecht
- †Center for Bioenergetics, Biodesign Institute, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
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3
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Copper(II)-based metal affinity chromatography for the isolation of the anticancer agent bleomycin from Streptomyces verticillus culture. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 115:198-203. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2011] [Revised: 01/27/2012] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Ghosh K, Tyagi N, Kumar P. Role of carboxamido nitrogen in mononuclear manganese complex: Superoxide scavenging activity and nuclease activity. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2009.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Pitié M, Pratviel G. Activation of DNA Carbon−Hydrogen Bonds by Metal Complexes. Chem Rev 2010; 110:1018-59. [DOI: 10.1021/cr900247m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 138] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marguerite Pitié
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Geneviève Pratviel
- CNRS, LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Begeç S, Alatas S, Kiliç A. The Reactions of Phenoxy Substituted Phosphazenes with 1,3-Propanediol and 3-Amino-1-propanol. HETEROCYCLES 2007. [DOI: 10.3987/com-06-10915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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7
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Decker A, Chow MS, Kemsley JN, Lehnert N, Solomon EI. Direct Hydrogen-Atom Abstraction by Activated Bleomycin: An Experimental and Computational Study. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 128:4719-33. [PMID: 16594709 DOI: 10.1021/ja057378n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycin (BLM), a glycopeptide antibiotic chemotherapy agent, is capable of single- and double-strand DNA damage. Activated bleomycin (ABLM), a low-spin Fe(III)-OOH complex, is the last intermediate detected prior to DNA cleavage following hydrogen-atom abstraction from the C-4' of a deoxyribose sugar moiety. The mechanism of this C-H bond cleavage reaction and the nature of the active oxidizing species are still open issues. We have used kinetic measurements in combination with density functional calculations to study the reactivity of ABLM and the mechanism of the initial attack on DNA. Circular dichroism spectroscopy was used to directly monitor the kinetics of the ABLM reaction. These experiments yield a deuterium isotope effect, kH/kD approximately 3 for ABLM decay, indicating the involvement of a hydrogen atom in the rate-determining step. H-atom donors with relatively weak X-H bonds accelerate the reaction rate, establishing that ABLM is capable of hydrogen-atom abstraction. Density functional calculations were used to evaluate the two-dimensional potential energy surface for the direct hydrogen-atom abstraction reaction of the deoxyribose 4'-H by ABLM. The calculations confirm that ABLM is thermodynamically and kinetically competent for H-atom abstraction. The activation and reaction energies for this pathway are favored over both homolytic and heterolytic O-O bond cleavage. Direct H-atom abstraction by ABLM would generate a reactive Fe(IV)=O species, which would be capable of a second DNA strand cleavage, as observed in vivo. This study provides experimental and theoretical evidence for direct H-atom abstraction by ABLM and proposes an attractive mechanism for the role of ABLM in double-strand cleavage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Decker
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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9
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Papakyriakou A, Bratsos I, Katsarou M, Katsaros N. Preparation, Structure Determination and Cytotoxicity of the Pd
II
·Bleomycin A2 Complex. Eur J Inorg Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200400034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Athanasios Papakyriakou
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR “Demokritos”, 153 10 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Greece, Fax: (internat.) + 30‐210‐6511766
| | - Ioannis Bratsos
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR “Demokritos”, 153 10 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Greece, Fax: (internat.) + 30‐210‐6511766
| | - Maria Katsarou
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR “Demokritos”, 153 10 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Greece, Fax: (internat.) + 30‐210‐6511766
| | - Nikos Katsaros
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, NCSR “Demokritos”, 153 10 Ag. Paraskevi Attikis, Greece, Fax: (internat.) + 30‐210‐6511766
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Abstract
Although most antibiotics do not need metal ions for their biological activities, there are a number of antibiotics that require metal ions to function properly, such as bleomycin (BLM), streptonigrin (SN), and bacitracin. The coordinated metal ions in these antibiotics play an important role in maintaining proper structure and/or function of these antibiotics. Removal of the metal ions from these antibiotics can cause changes in structure and/or function of these antibiotics. Similar to the case of "metalloproteins," these antibiotics are dubbed "metalloantibiotics" which are the title subjects of this review. Metalloantibiotics can interact with several different kinds of biomolecules, including DNA, RNA, proteins, receptors, and lipids, rendering their unique and specific bioactivities. In addition to the microbial-originated metalloantibiotics, many metalloantibiotic derivatives and metal complexes of synthetic ligands also show antibacterial, antiviral, and anti-neoplastic activities which are also briefly discussed to provide a broad sense of the term "metalloantibiotics."
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-June Ming
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Biomolecular Science, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620-5250, USA.
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11
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Kemsley JN, Zaleski KL, Chow MS, Decker A, Shishova EY, Wasinger EC, Hedman B, Hodgson KO, Solomon EI. Spectroscopic studies of the interaction of ferrous bleomycin with DNA. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:10810-21. [PMID: 12952460 DOI: 10.1021/ja034579n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Bleomycin is an antibiotic used in cancer chemotherapy for its ability to achieve both single- and double-strand cleavage of DNA through abstraction of the deoxyribose C4'-H. Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) and X-ray absorption (XAS) spectroscopies have been used to study the interaction of the biologically relevant FeIIBLM complex with DNA. Calf thymus DNA was used as the substrate as well as short oligonucleotides, including one with a preferred 5'-G-pyrimidine-3' cleavage site [d(GGAAGCTTCC)2] and one without [d(GGAAATTTCC)2]. DNA binding to FeIIBLM significantly perturbs the FeII active site, resulting in a change in intensity ratio of the d d transitions and a decrease in excited-state orbital splitting (5Eg). Although this effect is somewhat dependent on length and composition of the oligonucleotide, it is not correlated to the presence of a 5'-G-pyrimidine-3' cleavage site. No effect is observed on the charge-transfer transitions, indicating that the H-bonding recognition between the pyrimidine and guanine base does not perturb Fe-pyrimidine backbonding. Azide binding studies indicate that FeIIBLM bound to either oligomer has the same affinity for N3-. Parallel studies of BLM structural derivatives indicate that FeIIiso-PEPLM, in which the carbamoyl group is shifted on the mannose sugar, forms the same DNA-bound species as FeIIBLM. In contrast, FeIIDP-PEPLM, in which the -aminoalanine group is absent, forms a new species upon DNA binding. These data are consistent with a model in which the primary amine from the -aminoalanine is an FeII ligand and the mannose carbamoyl provides either a ligand to the FeII or significant second-sphere effects on the FeII site; intercalation of the bithiazole tail into the double helix likely brings the metal-bound complex close enough to the DNA to create steric interactions that remove the sugar groups from interaction with the FeII. The fact that the FeII active site is perturbed regardless of DNA sequence is consistent with the fact that cleavage is observed for both 5'-GC-3' and nonspecific oligomers and indicates that different reaction coordinates may be active, depending on orientation of the deoxyribose C4'-H.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyllian N Kemsley
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, USA
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12
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Rishel MJ, Thomas CJ, Tao ZF, Vialas C, Leitheiser CJ, Hecht SM. Conformationally constrained analogues of bleomycin A5. J Am Chem Soc 2003; 125:10194-205. [PMID: 12926941 DOI: 10.1021/ja030057w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The bleomycin (BLM) group antitumor antibiotics are glycopeptide-derived natural products shown to cause sequence selective lesions in DNA. Prior studies have indicated that the linker region, composed of the methylvalerate and threonine residues, may be responsible for a conformational bend in the agent required for efficient DNA cleavage. We have synthesized a number of conformationally constrained methylvalerate analogues and incorporated them into deglycobleomycin A(5) congeners using our recently reported procedure for the solid phase construction of (deglyco)bleomycin and its analogues. These analogues were designed to probe the effects of conformational constraint of the native valerate moiety. Initial experiments indicated that the constrained molecules, none of which mimic the conformation proposed for the natural valerate linker, possessed DNA cleavage activity, albeit with potencies less than that of (deglyco)BLM and lacking sequence selectivity. Further experiments demonstrated that these analogues failed to produce alkali-labile lesions in DNA or sequence selective oxidative damage in RNA. However, two of the conformationally constrained deglycoBLM analogues were shown to mediate RNA cleavage in the absence of added Fe(2+). The ability of the analogues to mediate the oxygenation of small molecules was also assayed, and it was shown that they were as competent in the transfer of oxygen to low molecular weight substrates as the parent compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Rishel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
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13
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Hecht SM. Bleomycin: new perspectives on the mechanism of action. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2000; 63:158-168. [PMID: 10650103 DOI: 10.1021/np990549f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 411] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The bleomycin group antitumor antibiotics have long been of interest as a consequence of their efficacy in the treatment of certain tumors, not to mention their unique structures and properties in mediating dioxygen activation and sequence selective degradation of DNA. At a chemical level, the structure originally assigned to bleomycin was subsequently reassigned and the new structure has been confirmed by total synthesis. Through the elaboration of structurally modified bleomycin congeners and fragments, synthetic efforts have also facilitated an understanding of the contribution of individual structural domains in bleomycin to sequence selective DNA binding and cleavage, and have also provided insights into the nature of the chemical processes by which DNA degradation takes place. Within the last several years, it has also become apparent that bleomycin can mediate the oxidative degradation of all major classes of cellular RNAs; it seems entirely plausible that RNA may also represent an important locus of action for this class of antitumor agent. In parallel with ongoing synthetic and mechanistic efforts using classical methods, the study of bleomycins attached to solid supports has been shown to provide important mechanistic insights, and the actual elaboration of modified bleomycins by solid phase synthesis constitutes a logical extension of such efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Hecht
- Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA.
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14
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Claussen CA, Long EC. Nucleic Acid recognition by metal complexes of bleomycin. Chem Rev 1999; 99:2797-816. [PMID: 11749501 DOI: 10.1021/cr980449z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C A Claussen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue School of Science, Indiana University Purdue University-Indianapolis, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202-3274
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard M. Burger
- Public Health Research Institute, 455 First Avenue, New York, New York 10016
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16
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Loeb KE, Zaleski JM, Hess CD, Hecht SM, Solomon EI. Spectroscopic Investigation of the Metal Ligation and Reactivity of the Ferrous Active Sites of Bleomycin and Bleomycin Derivatives. J Am Chem Soc 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/ja971839q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E. Loeb
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, and Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
| | - Jeffrey M. Zaleski
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, and Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
| | - Cynthia D. Hess
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, and Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
| | - Sidney M. Hecht
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, and Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
| | - Edward I. Solomon
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305-5080, and Departments of Chemistry and Biology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901
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17
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Groves JT, Crowley SJ, Shalyaev KV. Paramagnetic1H-NMR relaxation probes of stereoselectivity in metalloporphyrin catalyzed olefin epoxidation. Chirality 1998. [DOI: 10.1002/chir.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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18
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Guan LL, Morii T, Otsuka M, Sugiura Y. Specific interaction with guanine residues of Z-form DNA by bleomycin-nickel(III) complex. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1996; 1308:169-76. [PMID: 8764835 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(96)00095-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The Ni(III) complex of bleomycin (BLM) reacts with guanine residues of the oligomer duplex only under high salt condition (4.5 M NaCl) where the (dC-dG)6 sequence exists as the isolated Z-form segment. In addition, the (dC-dG)n inserts were subcloned into a plasmid so that reactivity of the BLM-Ni(III) complex with restriction fragments could be examined. Results are reported for two fragments: an EcoRI-DdeI fragment in which the (dC-dG)n insert is flanked at the 5' end by a segment of B-DNA and a HindIII-DdeI fragment in which the (dC-dG)n fragment is embedded at both ends by stable B-DNA forming segments. The BLM-Ni(III) complex does not bind to (dC-dG)5 sequence of pBRZ10 DNA fragment under any conditions, but to several guanine residues of (dC-dG)8 and (dC-dG)12 sequences of pBRZ16 and pBRZ24 DNA fragments in 4.5 M NaCl solution. In the fragments of pBRZ16 and pBRZ24 DNAs, the BLM-Ni(III) complex reacts with most of guanine bases of (dC-dG)8 and (dC-dG)12.
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Affiliation(s)
- L L Guan
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Japan
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19
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Kane SA, Hecht SM. Polynucleotide recognition and degradation by bleomycin. PROGRESS IN NUCLEIC ACID RESEARCH AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 1994; 49:313-52. [PMID: 7532315 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6603(08)60054-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S A Kane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22901
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21
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Dawson DY, Hudson SE, Mascharak PK. Oxygen transfer reactions by synthetic analogues of iron-bleomycin. J Inorg Biochem 1992; 47:109-17. [PMID: 1279119 DOI: 10.1016/0162-0134(92)84047-q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic analogues of the iron-bleomycins, namely [Fe(PMA)]2+ and [Fe(PMA)]+, have been studied as oxotransfer agents. Oxygen transfer has been observed using iodosobenzene (PhIO), hydrogen peroxide, and dioxygen as oxygen sources. The primary substrates were cis- and trans-stilbene. The products were determined to be cis- and trans-stilbene oxide, benzaldehyde, and deoxybenzoin. These products were recovered in ratios similar to those reported for the iron-bleomycins, albeit in lower yields. Iron complexes of simpler analogues are inactive as oxotransfer agents. This study provides further support that PMAH is an accurate model of the metal binding region of bleomycin.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Y Dawson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz 95064
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22
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Zhang S, Shepherd RE. RuIII(hedta) as an oxygen atom transfer catalyst in the epoxidation of stilbenes. Inorganica Chim Acta 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(00)80356-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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23
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Abstract
Bleomycins are a family of compounds produced by Streptomyces verticillis. They have potent tumour killing properties which have given them an important place in cancer chemotherapy. They cause little marrow suppression, but pulmonary toxicity is a major adverse effect. The mechanisms of cell toxicity are well described based on in vitro experiments on DNA. The bleomycin molecule has two main structural components: a bithiazole component which partially intercalates into the DNA helix, parting the strands, as well as pyrimidine and imidazole structures, which bind iron and oxygen forming an activated complex capable of releasing damaging oxidants in close proximity to the polynucleotide chains of DNA. This may lead to chain scission or structural modifications leading to release of free bases or their propenal derivatives. The mechanisms are well described based on in vitro experiments on DNA, but how they relate to intact cells in whole animals is more tenuous. Bleomycin is able to cause cell damage independent from its effect on DNA by induction lipid peroxidation. This may be particularly important in the lung and in part account for its ability to cause alveolar cell damage and subsequent pulmonary inflammation. The lung injury seen following bleomycin comprises an interstitial oedema with an influx of inflammatory and immune cells. This may lead to the development of pulmonary fibrosis, characterized by enhanced production and deposition of collagen and other matrix components. Several polypeptide mediators capable of stimulating fibroblasts replication or excessive collagen deposition have been implicated in this, but the precise role of these in bleomycin-induced fibrosis is yet to be demonstrated. Current therapy for bleomycin-induced lung damage is inadequate, with corticosteroids most often used. Given the mechanism of action described above, antioxidants and iron chelators might be beneficial. Although, studies to date are equivocal and there is insufficient evidence to promote their use clinically. Novel drugs are currently being developed and it is hoped these may be more useful.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Hay
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, University of London, UK
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24
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Suga A, Sugiyama T, Otsuka M, Ohno M, Sugiura Y, Maeda K. Oxidation of alkenes by a chiral non-porphyrinic oxidizing catalyst based on the bleomycin-Fe(II) complex. Tetrahedron 1991. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)86376-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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25
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Kaku Y, Otsuka M, Ohno M. Chiral Environment around the Metal Center Observed by the Epoxidation with the Iron Complexes of Bleomycin and the Synthetic Analogue. CHEM LETT 1989. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1989.611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Long EC, Hecht SM. Direct comparison of oxygen transfer by iron bleomycin and zinc bleomycin. Tetrahedron Lett 1988. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)82360-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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27
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Markó L. Transition metals in organic synthesis: Hydroformylation, reduction and oxidation. J Organomet Chem 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-328x(86)80167-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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28
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Khan M, Rao A. Kinetics and mechanism of ruthenium(III)-catalysed oxidation of allyl alcohol by molecular oxygen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0304-5102(86)87029-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Murugesan N, Xu C, Ehrenfeld GM, Sugiyama H, Kilkuskie RE, Rodriguez LO, Chang LH, Hecht SM. Analysis of products formed during bleomycin-mediated DNA degradation. Biochemistry 1985; 24:5735-44. [PMID: 2417619 DOI: 10.1021/bi00342a008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
By the use of DNA, copolymers of defined nucleotide composition, and a synthetic dodecanucleotide having putative bleomycin cleavage sites in proximity to the 5'- and 3'-termini, the products formed concomitant with DNA strand scission have been isolated and subjected to structural identification and quantitation via direct comparison with authentic synthetic samples. The products of DNA strand scission by Fe(II)-bleomycin include oligonucleotides having each of the four possible nucleoside 3'-(phosphoro-2''-O-glycolates) at their 3'-termini, as well as the four possible base propenals. At least for 3-(adenin-9'-yl)propenal and 3-(thymin-1'-yl)propenal, the products formed were exclusively of the trans configuration.
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Effective DNA cleavage by bleomycin-vanadium(IV) complex plus hydrogen peroxide. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1985; 129:368-74. [PMID: 2409964 DOI: 10.1016/0006-291x(85)90160-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
It has been firstly found that the bleomycin-vanadyl(IV) complex is effectively capable of cleaving DNA in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. The 1:1 bleomycin-VO(IV) complex has been characterized by ESR and electronic absorption spectra, and its ESR parameters (go = 1.982 and Ao = 93.5 G) are indicative of VO(N5) coordination type for the metal-binding environment. The mode of nucleotide sequence cleavage induced by the present bleomycin-VO(IV)-H2O2 complex system was appreciably different from the corresponding Fe(III) complex system. Of special interest is the fact that the bleomycin-vanadium complex system more preferentially attacked G-A(5'----3') sequences than the bleomycin-iron complex system.
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Suzuki T, Kuwahara J, Goto M, Sugiura Y. Nucleotide sequence cleavages of manganese-bleomycin induced by reductant, hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet light. Comparison with iron- and cobalt-bleomycins. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1985; 824:330-5. [PMID: 2580558 DOI: 10.1016/0167-4781(85)90039-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The prominent DNA breakages of bleomycin-Mn complex system were induced by reductant, hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet light, and these three induction systems gave remarkably similar nucleotide sequence cleavage modes. The preferred DNA cleavage sites at guanine-cytosine(5'----3') and guanine-thymine(5'----3') sequences were appreciably comparable to those of the corresponding bleomycin-Fe complex systems, but not identical. In contrast, the bleomycin-Co complex system significantly degraded isolated DNA only by irradiation of ultraviolet light. The present results provide valuable information on the role of transition metals on DNA cleavage reaction of bleomycin.
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