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Chen LS, Liu YZ, Chen JJ, Wang SD, Ma TM, Li XN, He SG. Water-Gas Shift Catalyzed by Iridium-Vanadium Oxide Clusters IrVO 2- with Iridium in a Rare Oxidation State of -II. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:5294-5301. [PMID: 35943908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c03974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of compounds containing transition metals with an unusual and well-established oxidation state is vital to enrich our horizon on formal oxidation state. Herein, benefiting from the study of the water-gas shift reaction (CO + H2O → CO2 + H2) mediated with the iridium-vanadium oxide cluster IrVO2-, the missing -II oxidation state of iridium was identified. The reactions were performed by using our newly developed double ion trap reactors that can spatially separate the addition of reactants and are characterized by mass spectrometry and quantum-chemical calculations. This finding makes an important step that all the proposed 13 oxidation states of iridium (+IX to -III) have been known. The iridium atom in the IrVO2- cluster features the Ir═V double bond and resembles chemically the coordinated oxygen atom. A reactivity study demonstrated that the flexible role switch of iridium between an oxygen-atom like (Ir-IIVO2-) and a transition-metal-atom like behavior (Ir+IIVO3-) in different species can drive the water-gas shift reaction in the gas phase under ambient conditions. This result parallels and well rationalizes the extraordinary reactivity of oxide-supported iridium single-atom catalysts in related condensed-phase reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le-Shi Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Yun-Zhu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Si-Dun Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Tong-Mei Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, 381 Wushan Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Xiao-Na Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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2
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Iliaš M, Pershina V. Carbonyl compounds of Rh, Ir, and Mt: electronic structure, bonding and volatility. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp02118k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
First bond dissociation energies and other properties have been predicted for carbonyl compounds of group-9 elements including those of element 109, Mt, from relativistic DFT and CC calculations. A remarkable Λ-shape of the trends is observed, caused by strong relativistic effects on the valence AOs of Mt.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Iliaš
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz
- Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
- 55099 Mainz
- Germany
- Department of Chemistry
| | - V. Pershina
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH
- 64291 Darmstadt
- Germany
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3
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Brugos J, Cabeza JA, García-Álvarez P, Pérez-Carreño E. From a PGeP Pincer-Type Germylene to Metal Complexes Featuring Chelating (Ir) and Tripodal (Ir) PGeP Germyl and Bridging (Mn2) and Chelating (Ru) PGeP Germylene Ligands. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier Brugos
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Javier A. Cabeza
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pablo García-Álvarez
- Centro de Innovación en Química Avanzada (ORFEO-CINQA), Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Enrique Pérez-Carreño
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33071 Oviedo, Spain
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Leusmann E, Geringer E, Weinert B, Dehnen S. {[Ir3(cod)3(μ3-S)2](μ3-S)SnCl}2 – a ternary Ir–Sn–S cluster with the iridium atoms in three different chemical environments. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:15298-15302. [PMID: 27711869 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt02910h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The cluster {[Ir3(cod)3(μ3-S)2](μ3-S)SnCl}2 with an unprecedented topology of Sn, Ir, and S atoms was obtained by reactions of organo-functionalized tinsulfide clusters with [IrCl(cod)]2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliza Leusmann
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35043 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Eugenie Geringer
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35043 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Bastian Weinert
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35043 Marburg
- Germany
| | - Stefanie Dehnen
- Fachbereich Chemie and Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Materialwissenschaften (WZMW)
- Philipps-Universität Marburg
- D-35043 Marburg
- Germany
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5
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Pyykkö P, Xu WH. On the Extreme Oxidation States of Iridium. Chemistry 2015; 21:9468-73. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201500902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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6
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Pyykkö P, Xu WH. Die formalen Oxidationszahlen des Iridiums reichen nun von −III bis +IX. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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7
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Pyykkö P, Xu WH. The formal oxidation states of iridium now run from -III to +IX. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1080-1. [PMID: 25515852 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pekka Pyykkö
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 55 (A.I. Virtasen aukio 1), FIN-00014 Helsinki (Finland).
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Malosh TJ, Shapley JR, Lawson RJ, Hay DN, Rohrabaugh TN. Diene–iridium–tin complexes. Comparison of conjugated versus non-conjugated dienes and trimethyltin versus trichlorotin as ligands. Ring opening metathesis polymerization of norbornene by Ir(1,5-cycloocta-diene)2SnCl3. J Organomet Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2013.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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10
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11
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Wagenpfeil A, Nickl C, Schubert H, Eichele K, Fox MA, Wesemann L. 1,2‐Carbagerma‐
closo
‐dodecaborate as a Germanium Ligand in Coordination Chemistry – Synthesis, Structure and Reactivity. Eur J Inorg Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201100310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anita Wagenpfeil
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, Fax: +49‐7071‐292436
| | - Claudia Nickl
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, Fax: +49‐7071‐292436
| | - Hartmut Schubert
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, Fax: +49‐7071‐292436
| | - Klaus Eichele
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, Fax: +49‐7071‐292436
| | - Mark A. Fox
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE, UK
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany, Fax: +49‐7071‐292436
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12
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Fleischhauer S, Eichele K, Schellenberg I, Pöttgen R, Wesemann L. Cobalt, Rhodium, Iridium, and Ruthenium Carbonyl Complexes with Stanna-closo-dodecaborate: 103Rh NMR, 119Sn Mössbauer Spectroscopy, and Solid-State 119Sn NMR. Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200301v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Fleischhauer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Eichele
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Inga Schellenberg
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Rainer Pöttgen
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Universität Münster, Corrensstrasse 30, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D. Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
| | - Eszter Trufan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208
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Albertin G, Antoniutti S, Castro J. Reactivity of Dihydrides MH2P4 (M = Fe, Ru, Os) with SnCl2: Preparation of Bis(trihydridestannyl) Derivatives. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om1004308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Albertin
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Dorsoduro 2137, 30123 Venezia, Italy
| | - Stefano Antoniutti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, Dorsoduro 2137, 30123 Venezia, Italy
| | - Jesús Castro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidade de Vigo, Facultade de Química, Edificio de Ciencias Experimentais, 36310 Vigo (Galicia), Spain
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15
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Wang JQ, Stegmaier S, Wahl B, Fässler TF. Step-by-step synthesis of the endohedral stannaspherene [Ir@Sn12]3- via the capped cluster anion [Sn9Ir(cod)]3-. Chemistry 2010; 16:1793-8. [PMID: 20077544 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200902815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The endohedral stannaspherene cluster anion [Ir@Sn(12)](3-) was synthesized in two steps. The reaction of K(4)Sn(9) with [IrCl(cod)](2) (cod: 1,5-cyclooctadienyl) in ethylenediamine (en) solution first yielded the [K(2,2,2-crypt)](+) salt (2,2,2-crypt: 4,7,13,16,21,24-hexaoxa-1,10-diazabicyclo[8.8.8]hexacosane) of the capped cluster anion [Sn(9)Ir(cod)](3-). Subsequently, crystals of this compound were dissolved in en, followed by the addition of triphenylphosphine or 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)ethane and treatment at elevated temperatures. [Ir@Sn(12)](3-) was obtained and characterized as the [K(2,2,2-crypt)](+) salt. The isolation of [Sn(9)Ir(cod)](3-) as an intermediate product establishes that the formation of the stannaspherene [Ir@Sn(12)](3-) occurs through the oxidation of [Sn(9)Ir(cod)](3-). Among the structurally characterized tetrel cluster anions, [Ir@Sn(12)](3-) is a unique example of a stannaspherene, and one of the rare spherical clusters encapsulating a metal atom that is not a member of Group 10. Single-crystal structure determination shows that the novel Zintl ion cluster has nearly perfect icosahedral I(h) point symmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Qiang Wang
- Department Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85747 Garching/München, Germany
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16
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Kirchmann M, Fleischhauer S, Wesemann L. Iridium Coordination Compounds of Stanna-closo-dodecaborate. Organometallics 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/om8001679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marius Kirchmann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sebastian Fleischhauer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lars Wesemann
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany
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17
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Albertin G, Antoniutti S, Castro J, García-Fontán S, Noé M. Preparation of stannyl complexes of ruthenium and osmium stabilised by polypyridine and phosphite ligands. Dalton Trans 2007:5441-52. [DOI: 10.1039/b707736j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Ellis JE. Adventures with Substances Containing Metals in Negative Oxidation States. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:3167-86. [PMID: 16602773 DOI: 10.1021/ic052110i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A brief history of substances containing s,p- and d-block metals in negative oxidation states is described. A classification of these species and discussions of formal oxidation state assignments for low-valent transition metals in complexes are included, along with comments on the innocent and noninnocent character of ligands in metalates. Syntheses of highly reduced carbonyl complexes formally containing transition metals in their lowest known oxidation states of III- and IV- are discussed. Atmospheric-pressure syntheses of early-transition-metal carbonyls involving alkali-metal polyarene-mediated reductions of non-carbonyl precursors have been developed. In the absence of carbon monoxide, these reactions afford homoleptic polyarenemetalates, including the initial species containing three aromatic hydrocarbons bound to one metal. In several instances, these metalates function as useful synthons for "naked" spin-paired atomic anions of transition metals.
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Affiliation(s)
- John E Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
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Adams RD, Captain B, Smith JL. High-nuclearity iridium carbonyl clusters containing phenylgermyl ligands: synthesis, structures, and reactivity. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:1413-20. [PMID: 15732981 DOI: 10.1021/ic0485108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of Ir4(CO)12 with Ph3GeH at 97 degrees C has yielded the new tetrairidium cluster complexes Ir4(CO)7(GePh3)(mu-GePh2)2[mu3-eta3-GePh(C6H4)](mu-H)2 (10) and Ir4(CO)8(GePh3)2(mu-GePh2)4 (11). The structure of 10 consists of a tetrahedral Ir4 cluster with seven terminal CO groups, two bridging GePh2) ligands, an ortho-metallated bridging mu3-eta3-GePh(C6H4) group, a terminal GePh3 ligand, and two bridging hydrido ligands. Compound 11 consists of a planar butterfly arrangement of four iridium atoms with four bridging GePh2 and two terminal GePh3 ligands. The same reaction at 125 degrees C yielded the two new triiridium clusters Ir3(CO)5(GePh3)(mu-GePh2)3(mu3-GePh)(mu-H) (12) and Ir3(CO)6(GePh3)3(mu-GePh2)3 (13). Compound 12 contains a triangular Ir3 cluster with three bridging GePh2), one triply bridging GePh, and one terminal GePh3 ligand. The compound also contains a hydrido ligand that bridges one of the Ir-Ge bonds. Compound 13 contains a triangular Ir3 cluster with three bridging GePh2 and three terminal GePh3 ligands. At 151 degrees C, an additional complex, Ir4H4(CO)4(mu-GePh2)4(mu4-GePh)2 (14), was isolated. Compound 14 consists of an Ir4 square with four bridging GePh2, two quadruply bridging GePh groups, and four terminal hydrido ligands. Compound 12 reacts with CO at 125 degrees C to give the compound Ir3(CO)6(mu-GePh2)3(mu3-GePh) (15). Compound 15 is formed via the loss of the hydrido ligand and the terminal GePh3 ligand and the addition of one carbonyl ligand to 12. All compounds were fully characterized by IR, NMR, single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, and elemental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard D Adams
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the USC Nanocenter, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA.
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Mork BV, McMillan A, Yuen H, Tilley TD. The [(η5-C5Me5)(2,2‘-bipyridine)Ru]- Anion and Its Use in the Synthesis of Alkyl, Gallyl, and Stannyl Complexes of Ruthenium. Organometallics 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/om030695n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin V. Mork
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Ashley McMillan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Holming Yuen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - T. Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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Affiliation(s)
- John E. Ellis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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