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Pan X, Wu C, Fang H, Yan C. Early Lanthanide(III) Ate Complexes Featuring Ln-Si Bonds (Ln = La, Ce): Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Bonding Analysis. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14288-14296. [PMID: 36040364 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
While research on lanthanide (Ln) complexes with silyl ligands is receiving growing attention, significantly unbalanced efforts have been devoted to different Ln elements. In comparison with the intense investigations on Ln elements such as Sm and Yb, the chemistry of silyl lanthanum and cerium complexes is much slower to develop, and no solid-state structure of a silyl lanthanum complex has been reported so far. In this research, four types of ate complexes, including [(DME)3Li][Cp3LnSi(H)Mes2], [(18-crown-6)K][Cp3LnSi(CH3)Ph2], [(DME)3Li][Cp3LnSiPh3], and [(12-crown-4)2Na] [Cp3LnSi(Ph)2Si(H)Ph2] (Ln = La, Ce), were synthesized by reacting [(DME)3Na][Cp3La(μ-Cl)LaCp3] or Cp3Ce(THF) with alkali metal silanides. All of the synthesized silyl Ln ate complexes were structurally characterized. La-Si bond lengths are in a range of 3.1733(4)-3.1897(10) Å, and the calculated formal shortness ratios of the La-Si bonds (1.071.08) are comparable to those in the reported silyl complexes having other Ln metal centers. The Ce-Si bond lengths (3.1415(6)-3.1705(9) Å) are within the typical range of reported silyl cerium ate complexes. 29Si solid-state NMR measurements on the diamagnetic silyl lanthanum complexes were conducted, and large one-bond hyperfine splitting constants arising from = 7/2) were resolved. Computational studies on these silyl lanthanum and cerium complexes suggested the polarized covalent feature of the Ln-Si bonds, which is in line with the measured large 1J139La-Si splitting constants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowei Pan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Changjiang Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Huayi Fang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Lab for Rare Earth Materials and Applications, Nankai University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Chunhua Yan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
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2
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Eisenstein O. From the Felkin‐Anh Rule to the Grignard Reaction: an Almost Circular 50 Year Adventure in the World of Molecular Structures and Reaction Mechanisms with Computational Chemistry**. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202100138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Odile Eisenstein
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, 34095 France Department of Chemistry and Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences University of Oslo Oslo 0315 Norway
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3
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Patnaik S, Kanbur U, Ellern A, Sadow AD. Hydrosilane σ-Adduct Intermediates in an Adaptive Zinc-Catalyzed Cross-dehydrocoupling of Si-H and O-H Bonds. Chemistry 2021; 27:10428-10436. [PMID: 33876468 PMCID: PMC8362191 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Three-coordinate Ph BOXMe 2 ZnR (Ph BOXMe 2 =phenyl-(4,4-dimethyl-oxazolinato; R=Me: 2 a, Et: 2 b) catalyzes the dehydrocoupling of primary or secondary silanes and alcohols to give silyl ethers and hydrogen, with high turnover numbers (TON; up to 107 ) under solvent-free conditions. Primary and secondary silanes react with small, medium, and large alcohols to give various degrees of substitution, from mono- to tri-alkoxylation, whereas tri-substituted silanes do not react with MeOH under these conditions. The effect of coordinative unsaturation on the behavior of the Zn catalyst is revealed through a dramatic variation of both rate law and experimental rate constants, which depend on the concentrations of both the alcohol and hydrosilane reactants. That is, the catalyst adapts its mechanism to access the most facile and efficient conversion. In particular, either alcohol or hydrosilane binds to the open coordination site on the Ph BOXMe 2 ZnOR catalyst to form a Ph BOXMe 2 ZnOR(HOR) complex under one set of conditions or an unprecedented σ-adduct Ph BOXMe 2 ZnOR(H-SiR'3 ) under other conditions. Saturation kinetics provide evidence for the latter species, in support of the hypothesis that σ-bond metathesis reactions involving four-centered electrocyclic 2σ-2σ transition states are preceded by σ-adducts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smita Patnaik
- Department of ChemistryIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA
- US Department of Energy Ames LaboratoryIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA
| | - Uddhav Kanbur
- Department of ChemistryIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA
- US Department of Energy Ames LaboratoryIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA
| | - Arkady Ellern
- Department of ChemistryIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA
| | - Aaron D. Sadow
- Department of ChemistryIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA
- US Department of Energy Ames LaboratoryIowa State UniversityAmesIA 50011USA
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4
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Pöcheim A, Marschner C, Baumgartner J. Rare-Earth-Silyl ate-Complexes Opening a Door to Selective Manipulations. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8218-8226. [PMID: 34033463 PMCID: PMC8188526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00904] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of a number of rare-earth (RE) trichlorides and an oligosilanylene diide containing a siloxane unit in the backbone in DME are described. The formed products of the type [(DME)4·K][(DME)·RE(Cl)2{Si(SiMe3)2SiMe2}2O] (RE = Y, La, Ce, Pr, Sm, Tb, Dy, and Er) are disilylated dichloro metalate complexes and include the first examples of Si-La and Si-Pr compounds as well as the first structurally characterized example of a Si-Dy complex. A most intriguing aspect of the synthesis of these complexes is that they offer entry into a systematic study of the still largely unexplored field of silyl RE complexes by the possibility of ligand exchange reactions under preservation of the Si-RE interaction. This was demonstrated by the conversion of [(DME)4·K][(DME)·RE(Cl)2{Si(SiMe3)2SiMe2}2O] to [(DME)4·K][Cp2Y{Si(SiMe3)2SiMe2}2O].
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Pöcheim
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christoph Marschner
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Judith Baumgartner
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Technische Universität Graz, Stremayrgasse 9, 8010 Graz, Austria
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5
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Schuhknecht D, Leich V, Spaniol TP, Douair I, Maron L, Okuda J. Alkali Metal Triphenyl- and Trihydridosilanides Stabilized by a Macrocyclic Polyamine Ligand. Chemistry 2020; 26:2821-2825. [PMID: 31943432 PMCID: PMC7079104 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202000187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Potassium silanide [KSiH3]∞ contains 4.2 wt % of hydrogen and has been intensely studied as hydrogen storage material. The macrocyclic ligand Me4TACD (1,4,7,10‐tetramethyl‐1,4,7,10‐tetraaminocyclododecane, L) stabilizes the full range of triphenylsilyl complexes [(L)MSiPh3]n (M=Li–Cs), which react with H2 or PhSiH3 to form molecular [(L)MSiH3]n that can be isolated in soluble form and fully characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danny Schuhknecht
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Valeri Leich
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas P Spaniol
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Iskander Douair
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- CNRS, INSA, UPS, UMR 5215, LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, 135 avenue de Rangueil, 31077, Toulouse, France
| | - Jun Okuda
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Balcells D, Clot E, Macgregor SA, Maseras F, Perrin L. A Career in Catalysis: Odile Eisenstein. ACS Catal 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.9b02498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David Balcells
- Hylleraas Centre for Quantum Molecular Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo, P.O.
Box 1033, Blindern, Oslo 0315, Norway
| | - Eric Clot
- ICGM, Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Stuart A. Macgregor
- Institute of Chemical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, United Kingdom
| | - Feliu Maseras
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, Avgda. Països Catalans, 16, 43007 Tarragona, Catalonia Spain
| | - Lionel Perrin
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, INSA Lyon, ICBMS, CNRS UMR 5246, Equipe ITEMM, Bât Lederer, 1 rue V, Grignard, 69622 Villeurbanne France
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7
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Lee R, Tan D, Liu C, Li H, Guo H, Shyue JJ, Huang KW. DFT mechanistic study of the selective terminal C–H activation of n -pentane with a tungsten allyl nitrosyl complex. JOURNAL OF SAUDI CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jscs.2016.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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8
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Kefalidis CE, Castro L, Perrin L, Rosal ID, Maron L. New perspectives in organolanthanide chemistry from redox to bond metathesis: insights from theory. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:2516-43. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00907c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A fifteen year contribution of computational studies carried out in close synergy with experiments is summarized.
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9
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Modelling and Rationalizing Organometallic Chemistry with Computation: Where Are We? STRUCTURE AND BONDING 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2015_176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
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10
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Del Rosal I, Gerber IC, Poteau R, Maron L. Grafting of lanthanide complexes on silica surfaces dehydroxylated at 200 °C: a theoretical investigation. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01645b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The grafting reaction of lanthanide silylamide complexes has been studied, in the framework of the DFT, highlighting the different grafting modes on a silica surface dehydroxylated at 200 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iker Del Rosal
- Université de Toulouse
- INSA
- UPS
- LPCNO (IRSAMC)
- F-31077 Toulouse
| | - Iann C. Gerber
- Université de Toulouse
- INSA
- UPS
- LPCNO (IRSAMC)
- F-31077 Toulouse
| | - Romuald Poteau
- Université de Toulouse
- INSA
- UPS
- LPCNO (IRSAMC)
- F-31077 Toulouse
| | - Laurent Maron
- Université de Toulouse
- INSA
- UPS
- LPCNO (IRSAMC)
- F-31077 Toulouse
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11
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Luo G, Luo Y, Zhang W, Qu J, Hou Z. DFT Studies on the Methane Elimination Reaction of a Trinuclear Rare-Earth Polymethyl Complex: σ-Bond Metathesis Assisted by Cooperation of Multimetal Sites. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om400920x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gen Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenxiong Zhang
- Beijing National
Laboratory of Molecular Sciences
(BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering
of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingping Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhaomin Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School
of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
- Organometallic Chemistry Laboratory, RIKEN, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
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12
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Kefalidis CE, Perrin L, Maron L. Computational insights into carbon–carbon homocoupling reactions mediated by organolanthanide(iii) complexes. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:4520-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52937a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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13
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Affiliation(s)
- Rory Waterman
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, United States
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14
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Sandhya KS, Suresh CH. DFT study on the mechanism of water-assisted dihydrogen elimination in group 6 octahedral metal hydride complexes. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:11018-25. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31230a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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Iftner C, Bonnet F, Nief F, Visseaux M, Maron L. Mechanistic Insights of the Initiation Process of the Ring-Opening Polymerization of ε-Caprolactone by Divalent Sm(BH4)2(THF)2 with DFT: Concerted or Oxidative Reaction? Organometallics 2011. [DOI: 10.1021/om200512g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Iftner
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse-CNRS, INSA, UPS, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | - Fanny Bonnet
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France
- USTL, UCCS, CNRS, F-59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- UMR 8181, F-59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - François Nief
- Laboratoire Hétéroéléments et Coordination, CNRS, Ecole Polytechnique, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Marc Visseaux
- Université Lille Nord de France, F-59000 Lille, France
- USTL, UCCS, CNRS, F-59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
- UMR 8181, F-59650 Villeneuve d’Ascq, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-objets (LPCNO), UMR 5215, Université de Toulouse-CNRS, INSA, UPS, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, 31077 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
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16
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C–C coupling reaction of pyridine derivatives at the dimethyl rare-earth metal cation [YMe2(THF)5]+: A DFT investigation. J Organomet Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2010.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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17
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Sherbrooke O, Gorelsky SI, Simionescu R, Kuzmina LG, Nikonov GI. The unexpected mechanism of carbonyl hydrosilylation catalyzed by (Cp)(ArN[double bond, length as m-dash])Mo(H)(PMe(3)). Chem Commun (Camb) 2010; 46:7831-7833. [PMID: 20856991 DOI: 10.1039/c0cc01850c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2024]
Abstract
Complex (Cp)(ArN[double bond, length as m-dash])Mo(H)(PMe(3)) (2, Ar = 2,6-diisopropylphenyl) catalyzes the hydrosilylation of carbonyls by an unexpected associative mechanism. Complex 2 also reacts with PhSiH(3) by a σ-bond metathesis mechanism to give the silyl derivative (Cp)(ArN[double bond, length as m-dash])Mo(SiH(2)Ph)(PMe(3)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleg Sherbrooke
- Chemistry Department, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, ON, Canada, L2S 3A1.
| | - Serge I Gorelsky
- Center for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa, 30 Marie Curie Street, Ottawa, ON, Canada, K1N 6N5.
| | - Razvan Simionescu
- Chemistry Department, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, ON, Canada, L2S 3A1.
| | - Lyudmila G Kuzmina
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, 31 Leninsky prospect, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | - Georgii I Nikonov
- Chemistry Department, Brock University, 500 Glenridge Avenue, St. Catharines, ON, Canada, L2S 3A1.
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Werkema EL, Yahia A, Maron L, Eisenstein O, Andersen RA. Bridging Silyl Groups in σ-Bond Metathesis and [1,2]-Shifts. Experimental and Computational Study of the Reaction between Cerium Metallocenes and MeOSiMe3. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om1003286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Evan L. Werkema
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Ahmed Yahia
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, LPCNO, 135 avenue de Rangueil, and CNRS, LPCNO, F-31077 Toulouse, France
- ICSM UM5257, CEA-CNRS-UM2, Site de Marcoule, BP17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, LPCNO, 135 avenue de Rangueil, and CNRS, LPCNO, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Eisenstein
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS 5253, cc 1501, Place E. Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Richard A. Andersen
- Department of Chemistry and
Chemical Sciences Division of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory,
University of California, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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Montalvo E, Miller KA, Ziller JW, Evans WJ. Reactivity of Tuck-in and Tuck-over Uranium Metallocene Complexes. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om1007538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Montalvo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Kevin A. Miller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - Joseph W. Ziller
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
| | - William J. Evans
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2025
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20
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Perrin L, Bonnet F, Chenal T, Visseaux M, Maron L. A Joint Experimental/Theoretical Investigation of the Statistical Olefin/Conjugated Diene Copolymerization Catalyzed by a Hemi-Lanthanidocene [(Cp*)(BH4)LnR]. Chemistry 2010; 16:11376-85. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200903455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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21
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Motta A, Fragalà IL, Marks TJ. Atom-Efficient Carbon−Oxygen Bond Formation Processes. DFT Analysis of the Intramolecular Hydroalkoxylation/Cyclization of Alkynyl Alcohols Mediated by Lanthanide Catalysts. Organometallics 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/om900609q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Motta
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, and INSTM, UdR Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Ignazio L. Fragalà
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Catania, and INSTM, UdR Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Tobin J. Marks
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
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Li XN, Wu ZJ, Si ZJ, Liang-Zhou, Liu XJ, Zhang HJ. Effect of secondary ligands' size on energy transfer and electroluminescent efficiencies for a series of europium(III) complexes, a density functional theory study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 11:9687-95. [PMID: 19916258 DOI: 10.1039/b912243e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, a quantum chemistry method was used to investigate the effect of different sizes of substituted phenanthrolines on absorption, energy transfer, and the electroluminescent performance of a series of Eu(TTA)(3)L (L = [1,10] phenanthroline (Phen), Pyrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline (PyPhen), 2-methylprrazino[2,3-f][1,10]phenanthroline(MPP), dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine(DPPz), 11-methyldipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine(MDPz), 11.12-dimethyldipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine(DDPz), and benzo[i]dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (BDPz)) complexes. Absorption spectra calculations show that different sizes of secondary ligands have different effects on transition characters, intensities, and absorption peak positions. The larger secondary ligands DPPz, MDPz, DDPz and BDPz lead to incomplete energy transfer from the triplet states of ligands to the (5)D(0) of the Eu(3+) ion compared with smaller ones (PyPhen and MPP) due to their lower S(1) or T(1) state energy levels than that of TTA or (5)D(0) of Eu(3+). "Small polaron" stabilization energy (SPE) results reveal that electron trapping is the dominant electroluminescence (EL) mechanism in these materials due to their lower LUMO energies than 4,4'-N,N'-dicarbazolebiphenyl (CBP). Reorganization energy (l) values show that these materials have better electron than hole transporting properties. In addition, the reasons for the origin of the 500 nm emission in Eu-PyPhen- and Eu-MPP-based OLED devices were investigated, and we suppose this emission may result from 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BCP), not from Alq(3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Resource Utilization, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
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Balcells D, Clot E, Eisenstein O. C—H Bond Activation in Transition Metal Species from a Computational Perspective. Chem Rev 2010; 110:749-823. [PMID: 20067255 DOI: 10.1021/cr900315k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 843] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David Balcells
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS 5253, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Eric Clot
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS 5253, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Odile Eisenstein
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, CNRS 5253, cc 1501, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34000 Montpellier, France
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Barros N, Eisenstein O, Maron L. Catalytic hydrosilylation of olefins with organolanthanides: a DFT study. Part I: Hydrosilylation of propene by SiH4. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:10749-56. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00329h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ochi N, Nakao Y, Sato H, Sakaki S. Theoretical prediction of O–H, Si–H, and Si–C σ-bond activation reactions by titanium(IV)–imido complex. CAN J CHEM 2009. [DOI: 10.1139/v09-113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The O–H σ-bond activation of methanol, the Si–H σ-bond activation of silane, and the Si–C σ-bond activation of methylsilane by titanium(IV)–imido complex (Me3SiO)2Ti(NSiMe3) were theoretically investigated with DFT and MP2 to MP4(SDQ) methods. The O–H σ-bond activation of methanol occurs with small activation barrier (Ea) of 7.1 (14.6) kcal/mol and large exothermicity (Eexo) of 65.8 (61.4) kcal/mol to afford (Me3SiO)2Ti(OCH3)[NH(SiMe3)], indicating that the O–H σ-bond activation occurs easier than the C–H σ-bond activation (Ea = 14.6 (21.5) kcal/mol and Eexo = 22.7 (16.5) kcal/mol), where DFT- and MP4(SDQ)-calculated values are presented without and in parenthesis hereafter. Though the OCH3 group becomes anionic and the H atom becomes proton-like in this activation reaction, population changes more moderately occur than those of the C–H σ-bond activation. This is because the H–OCH3 bond is already polarized in methanol. In the Si–H σ-bond activation, two reaction courses were investigated; in one course, the product is (Me3SiO)2Ti(SiH3)[NH(SiMe3)] in which the H atom and the SiH3 group are bound to the N atom and the Ti center, respectively, while in the other course the product is (Me3SiO)2Ti(H)[N(SiH3)(SiMe3)] in which the H atom and the SiH3 group are bound to the Ti center and the imido N atom, respectively. Though the former reaction occurs with small Ea value and large exothermicity, the latter reaction occurs easier with further smaller Ea value of 2.6 (4.3) kcal/mol and larger Eexo value of 32.5 (34.1) kcal/mol than those of the former reaction. This is because the Ti–H bond energy is much larger than the Ti–SiH3 one. The Si–C σ-bond activation occurs with moderate activation barrier of 19.1 (18.6) kcal/mol and considerably large exothermicity of 33.9 (37.7) kcal/mol. Based on these results, we wish to propose the theoretical prediction that the titanium(IV)–imido complex is useful for O–H, Si–H, and Si–C σ-bond activation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noriaki Ochi
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Nakao
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sato
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Department of Molecular Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan
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Raynaud C, del Rosal I, Jolibois F, Maron L, Poteau R. Multicentered effective group potentials: ligand-field effects in organometallic clusters and dynamical study of chemical reactivity. Theor Chem Acc 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s00214-009-0615-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Boutadla Y, Davies DL, Macgregor SA, Poblador-Bahamonde AI. Mechanisms of C-H bond activation: rich synergy between computation and experiment. Dalton Trans 2009:5820-31. [PMID: 19623381 DOI: 10.1039/b904967c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 365] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Recent computational studies of C-H bond activation at late transition metal systems are discussed and processes where lone pair assistance via heteroatom co-ligands or carboxylates are highlighted as a particularly promising means of cleaving C-H bonds. The term 'ambiphilic metal ligand activation' (AMLA) is introduced to describe such reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youcef Boutadla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK LE1 7RH
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Perrin L, Maron L, Eisenstein O, Tilley TD. Bond Activations of PhSiH3 by Cp2SmH: A Mechanistic Investigation by the DFT Method. Organometallics 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/om900106n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Perrin
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and CNRS, LPCNO, UMR 5215 CNRS-UPS-INSA, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- LPCNO, Université de Toulouse, INSA, UPS, LPCNO, 135 Avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse, France, and CNRS, LPCNO, UMR 5215 CNRS-UPS-INSA, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Odile Eisenstein
- Institut Charles Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, Avenue E. Bataillon, F-34095 Montpellier, France, and CNRS, Institut Charles Gerhardt, F-34095 Montpellier, France
| | - T. Don Tilley
- Department of Chemistry, University of California at Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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30
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Zhao Y, Cheng X, Bi X, Bi S. DFT study on C–C bond cleavage of nitriles by a silyl(silylene)iron complex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theochem.2008.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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31
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Kramer MU, Robert D, Arndt S, Zeimentz PM, Spaniol TP, Yahia A, Maron L, Eisenstein O, Okuda J. Cationic methyl complexes of the rare-earth metals: an experimental and computational study on synthesis, structure, and reactivity. Inorg Chem 2008; 47:9265-78. [PMID: 18816050 DOI: 10.1021/ic801259n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis, structure, and reactivity of two families of rare-earth metal complexes containing discrete methyl cations [LnMe(2-x)(thf)n]((1+x)+) (x = 0, 1; thf = tetrahydrofuran) have been studied. As a synthetic equivalent for the elusive trimethyl complex [LnMe3], lithium methylates of the approximate composition [Li3LnMe6(thf)n] were prepared by treating rare-earth metal trichlorides [LnCl3(thf)n] with 6 equiv of methyllithium in diethyl ether. Heteronuclear complexes of the formula [Li3Ln2Me9L(n)] (Ln = Sc, Y, Tb; L = Et2O, thf) were isolated by crystallization from diethyl ether. Single crystal X-ray diffraction studies revealed a heterometallic aggregate of composition [Li3Ln2Me9(thf)n(Et2O)m] with a [LiLn2Me9](2-) core (Ln = Sc, Y, Tb). When tris(tetramethylaluminate) [Ln(AlMe4)3] (Ln = Y, Lu) was reacted with less than 1 equiv of [NR3H][BPh4], the dimethyl cations [LnMe2(thf)n][BPh4] were obtained. The coordination number as well as cis/trans isomer preference was studied by crystallographic and computational methods. Dicationic methyl complexes of the rare-earth metals of the formula [LnMe(thf)n][BAr4]2 (Ln = Sc, Y, La-Nd, Sm, Gd-Lu; Ar = Ph, C6H4F-4) were synthesized, by protonolysis of either the ate complex [Li3LnMe6(thf)n] (Ln = Sc, Y, Gd-Lu) or the tris(tetramethylaluminate) [Ln(AlMe4)3] (Ln = La-Nd, Sm, Dy, Gd) with ammonium borates [NR3H][BAr4] in thf. The number of coordinated thf ligands varied from n = 5 (Ln = Sc, Tm) to n = 6 (Ln = La, Y, Sm, Dy, Ho). The configuration of representative examples was determined by X-ray diffraction studies and confirmed by density-functional theory calculations. The highly polarized bonding between the methyl group and the rare-earth metal center results in the reactivity pattern dominated by the carbanionic character and the pronounced Lewis acidity: The dicationic methyl complex [YMe(thf)6](2+) inserted benzophenone as an electrophile to give the alkoxy complex [Y(OCMePh2)(thf)5](2+). Nucleophilic addition of the soft anion X(-) (X(-) = I(-), BH4(-)) led to the monocationic methyl complexes [YMe(X)(thf)5](+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mathias U Kramer
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 1, D-52074 Aachen, Germany
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32
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Lewin JL, Cramer CJ. Modified Carbon Pseudopotential for Use in ONIOM Calculations of Alkyl-Substituted Metallocenes. J Phys Chem A 2008; 112:12754-60. [DOI: 10.1021/jp711830a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John L. Lewin
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
| | - Christopher J. Cramer
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455
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33
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Barros N, Mountford P, Guillaume S, Maron L. A DFT Study of the Mechanism of Polymerization of ɛ-Caprolactone Initiated by Organolanthanide Borohydride Complexes. Chemistry 2008; 14:5507-18. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200800377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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34
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Amin SB, Marks TJ. Versatile pathways for in situ polyolefin functionalization with heteroatoms: catalytic chain transfer. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:2006-25. [PMID: 18203235 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Chain-transfer processes represent highly effective chemical means to achieve selective, in situ d- and f-block-metal catalyzed functionalization of polyolefins. A diverse variety of electron-poor and electron-rich chain-transfer agents, including silanes, boranes, alanes, phosphines, and amines, effect efficient chain termination with concomitant carbon-heteroelement bond formation during single-site olefin-polymerization processes. High polymerization activities, control of polyolefin molecular weight and microstructure, and selective chain functionalization are all possible, with distinctly different mechanisms operative for the electron-poor and electron-rich reagents. A variety of metal centers (early transition metals, lanthanides, late transition metals) and single-site ancillary ligand arrays (metallocene, half-metallocene, non-metallocene) are able to mediate these selective chain-termination/functionalization processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smruti B Amin
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
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35
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Amin S, Marks T. In-situ-Funktionalisierung von Polyolefinen mit Heteroatomen: Reaktionswege und katalytische Kettenübertragung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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36
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Barros N, Schappacher M, Dessuge P, Maron L, Guillaume S. New Insights into the Polymerization of Methyl Methacrylate Initiated by Rare-Earth Borohydride Complexes: A Combined Experimental and Computational Approach. Chemistry 2008; 14:1881-90. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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37
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Rogachev AY, Minacheva LK, Sergienko VS, Kuz’mina NP, Nemukhin AV. Mixed-ligand complexes based on asymmetric gadolinium β-diketonates: Synthesis, crystal structure, and theoretical modeling. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2007. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023607090100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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38
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Hunt PA. Organolanthanide mediated catalytic cycles: a computational perspective. Dalton Trans 2007:1743-54. [PMID: 17471368 DOI: 10.1039/b700876g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this perspective the contribution of recent theoretical studies to our understanding of lanthanide (Ln) catalysis is explored. In general, the results of computational studies have proven consistent with available experimental evidence. Considerable success has been obtained in elucidating the mechanisms for C-H bond activation (sigma-bond metathesis in particular) and the addition of C-X bonds across an unsaturated functionality (and the hydroamination of alkenes in particular). Ln catalysts are computationally challenging because relativistic effects are important, and large ligands are required to restrict high coordination numbers, in addition to limiting facile redistribution processes. Thus, key technical issues relating to the computational investigation of organolanthanide complexes are discussed. Increasing computational resources have seen studies expand from the optimisation of simple molecules to the study of catalytic cycles where the Ln is coordinated by larger and more complex ligands. The ability of theoretical studies to complement experimental developments by supplying a deeper understanding of the mechanistic process is reviewed with emphasis on the elucidation of transition state structures, intermediates, spectator ligand coordination, and negative entropy steps. Recent computational investigations of the catalytic cycle for Ln mediated hydroamination are a focus, as these have provided substantial and detailed rationalisations for the regio- and stereo-selectivity of inter- and intra-molecular hydroamination. Examination of transition state geometries and electronic structure appears to offer insights that could be used to facilitate the rational design of new Ln-based catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia A Hunt
- Imperial College London, Chemistry Department, London, UKSW7 2AZ.
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39
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Perrin L, Eisenstein O, Maron L. Chemoselectivity in σ bond activation by lanthanocene complexes from a DFT perspective: reactions of Cp2LnR (R = CH3, H, SiH3) with SiH4and CH3–SiH3. NEW J CHEM 2007. [DOI: 10.1039/b617425f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Carmichael CD, Shaver MP, Fryzuk MD. Synthesis and coordination chemistry of the diamido-arsine ligand [NAsN] (NAsN = PhAs(CH2SiMe2NPh)2)). CAN J CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1139/v06-173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The preparation and characterization of the diamido-arsine ligand [NAsN]Li2(THF) (1) (where NAsN = PhAs(CH2SiMe2NPh)2), the protonated ligand precursor [NAsN]H2 (2), and its coordination chemistry with tantalum is presented. The complex [NAsN]TaMe3 (3) can be synthesized from 1 and TaMe3Cl2. Hydrogenation of 3 did not produce the desired tetrahydride ([NAsN]Ta)2(µ-H)4, instead, activation of Ta–N bonds in the complex produced a modest yield of the free ligand 2. In an attempt to understand the unusual reactivity of 3, a density functional theory investigation of the model complexes 'NAsN'Li2(OMe2)2 (4) and 'NAsN'TaMe3 (5) (where 'NAsN' = MeAs(CH2SiH2NMe)2) and their phosphine analogs 'NPN'Li2(OMe2) (7), 'NPN'TaMe3 (8), and a related niobium complex 'NPN'NbMe3 (10) (where 'NPN' = MeP(CH2SiH2NMe)2) was undertaken. The difference between the chemistry supported by the As and P ligands originates from the poor binding of As to Ta in these systems and is likely due to a mismatch of the soft As donor and the hard Ta(V) metal centre.Key words: arsine ligand, tridentate, tantalum, hydrogenation, DFT calculations.
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41
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Vyboishchikov SF, Nikonov GI. Unique {H(SiR3)2}, (H2SiR3), H(HSiR3), and (H2)SiR3 Ligand Sets Supported by the {Fe(Cp)(L)} Platform (L=CO, PR3). Chemistry 2006; 12:8518-33. [PMID: 16900546 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200600421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
This work deals with the type and incidence of nonclassical Si--H and H--H interactions in a family of silylhydride complexes [Fe(Cp)(OC)(SiMe(n)Cl(3-n))H(X)] (X=SiMe(n)Cl(3-n), H, Me, n=0-3) and [Fe(Cp)(Me(3)P)(SiMe(n)Cl(3-n))(2)H] (n=0-3). DFT calculations complemented by atom-in-molecule analysis and calculations of NMR hydrogen-silicon coupling constants revealed a surprising diversity of nonclassical Si--H and H--H interligand interactions. The compounds [Fe(Cp)(L)(SiMe(n)Cl(3-n))(2)H] (L=CO, PMe(3); n=0-3) exhibit an unusual distortion from the ideal piano-stool geometry in that the silyl ligands are strongly shifted toward the hydride and there is a strong trend towards flattening of the {FeSi(2)H} fragment. Such a distortion leads to short Si--H contacts (range 2.030-2.075 A) and large Mayer bond orders. A novel feature of these extended Si--H interactions is that they are rather insensitive towards the substitution at the silicon atom and the orientation of the silyl ligand relatively the Fe--H bond. NMR spectroscopy and bonding features of the related complexes [Fe(Cp)(OC)(SiMe(n)Cl(3-n))H(Me)] (n=0-3) allow for their rationalization as usual eta(2)-Si--H silane sigma-complexes. The series of "dihydride" complexes [Fe(Cp)(OC)(SiMe(n)Cl(3-n))H(2)] (n=0-3) is different from the previous two families in that the type of interligand interactions strongly depends on the substitution on silicon. They can be classified either as usual dihydrogen complexes, for example, [Fe(Cp)(OC)(SiMe(2)Cl)(eta(2)-H(2))], or as compounds with nonclassical H--Si interactions, for example, [Fe(Cp)(OC)(H)(2)(SiMe(3))] (16). These nonclassical interligand interactions are characterized by increased negative J(H,Si) (e.g. -27.5 Hz) and increased J(H,H) (e.g. 67.7 Hz).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergei F Vyboishchikov
- Institut de Química Computacional, Campus de Montilivi, Universitat de Girona, 17071 Girona, Catalonia, Spain.
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42
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Lewin JL, Woodrum NL, Cramer CJ. Density Functional Characterization of Methane Metathesis in ansa-[Bis(η5-2-indenyl)methane]ML Complexes [M = Sc, Y, Lu; L = CH3, CH2C(CH3)3]. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om0606237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- John L. Lewin
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
| | - Nathaniel L. Woodrum
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
| | - Christopher J. Cramer
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputer Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
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43
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Barros N, Eisenstein O, Maron L, Tilley TD. DFT Investigation of the Catalytic Hydromethylation of α-Olefins by Metallocenes. 1. Differences between Scandium and Lutetium in Propene Hydromethylation. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om060498z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noémi Barros
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique (UMR 5626 CNRS-UPS), IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France, Laboratoire de Structure et Dynamique des Systèmes Moléculaires et Solides (UMR 5636 CNRS-UM2), Institut Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France, DEN/DRCP/SCPS/LCAM, CEA Valrhô, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Odile Eisenstein
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique (UMR 5626 CNRS-UPS), IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France, Laboratoire de Structure et Dynamique des Systèmes Moléculaires et Solides (UMR 5636 CNRS-UM2), Institut Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France, DEN/DRCP/SCPS/LCAM, CEA Valrhô, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique (UMR 5626 CNRS-UPS), IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France, Laboratoire de Structure et Dynamique des Systèmes Moléculaires et Solides (UMR 5636 CNRS-UM2), Institut Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France, DEN/DRCP/SCPS/LCAM, CEA Valrhô, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
| | - T. Don Tilley
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique (UMR 5626 CNRS-UPS), IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse Cedex, France, Laboratoire de Structure et Dynamique des Systèmes Moléculaires et Solides (UMR 5636 CNRS-UM2), Institut Gerhardt, Université Montpellier 2, 34095 Montpellier Cedex 05, France, DEN/DRCP/SCPS/LCAM, CEA Valrhô, BP 17171, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze Cedex, France, and Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460
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44
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Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the years 2001 and 2002. Coord Chem Rev 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2006.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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45
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Schinzel S, Bindl M, Visseaux M, Chermette H. Structural and Electronic Analysis of Lanthanide Complexes: Reactivity May Not Necessarily Be Independent of the Identity of the Lanthanide Atom − A DFT Study. J Phys Chem A 2006; 110:11324-31. [PMID: 17004742 DOI: 10.1021/jp060876d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations were used to study a given complex for the whole series of lanthanide cations: [Ln(C3H5)Cp(OMe)] (1) [Ln = La (Z = 57)-Lu (Z = 71)], the radioactive lanthanide promethium (Z = 61) excepted. Contrary to the common assumptions, the calculations suggested a significant, albeit indirect, contribution of f electrons to bonding. Relativistic effects were considered in the calculations of the bonding energies, as well as in geometry optimizations in both spin-restricted and unrestricted formalisms. The unrestricted orbitals were finally used for the analysis of the charges and the composition of the frontier orbitals. It was confirmed that the ionic character was more pronounced for complexes of the late lanthanides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Schinzel
- Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique Théorique, Bât 210 Dirac and CNRS UMR 5182, Université Claude Bernard Lyon-1, 43 bd du 11 novembre 1918, 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex, France
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46
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de Almeida KJ, Cesar A. Methane C−H Bond Activation by Neutral Lanthanide and Thorium Atoms in the Gas Phase: A Theoretical Prediction. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om060112k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. J. de Almeida
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, CEP-31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - A. Cesar
- Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Avenida Antonio Carlos, 6627, CEP-31270-901, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
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47
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Raynaud C, Perrin L, Maron L. A DFT Study of Stannane Dehydrocoupling Catalyzed by Cp2LaH. Organometallics 2006. [DOI: 10.1021/om051060m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Raynaud
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique, IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier and CNRS (UMR 5626), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31064 Toulouse Cedex, France, and Protéines Membranaires Transductrices d'Energie, URA 2096 du CNRS, DSV/DBJC/SBFM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Lionel Perrin
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique, IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier and CNRS (UMR 5626), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31064 Toulouse Cedex, France, and Protéines Membranaires Transductrices d'Energie, URA 2096 du CNRS, DSV/DBJC/SBFM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Laurent Maron
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique, IRSAMC, Université Paul Sabatier and CNRS (UMR 5626), 118 Route de Narbonne, 31064 Toulouse Cedex, France, and Protéines Membranaires Transductrices d'Energie, URA 2096 du CNRS, DSV/DBJC/SBFM, CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
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Synthesis, crystal structures and theoretical study of mixed ligand complexes of lanthanides acetylacetonates with o-phenanthroline and 2,2′-dipyridyl: The unexpected inverted electrostatic trend in stability. J Mol Struct 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2005.12.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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49
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Barros N, Eisenstein O, Maron L. DFT studies of the methyl exchange reaction between Cp2M–CH3or Cp*2M–CH3(Cp = C5H5, Cp* = C5Me5, M = Y, Sc, Ln) and CH4. Does M ionic radius control the reaction? Dalton Trans 2006:3052-7. [PMID: 16786063 DOI: 10.1039/b600021e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The activation energies for the methyl exchange reactions between Cp2M-CH3 and H-CH3 have been calculated for M = Sc, Y and representative metals of the lanthanide family (La, Ce, Sm, Ho, Yb and Lu) with DFT(B3PW91) calculations with large-core pseudopotentials for M. The sigma-bond metathesis reactions are calculated to have lower activation energies for early lanthanides than for late lanthanides and any of group 3 metals. The relative activation barriers are analyzed using the NBO charge distributions in the reactant and in the transition states. It is shown that the methane needs to be polarized in the transition state as H((+delta))-CH3((-delta)) by the reactant, because this sigma-bond metathesis is best viewed as heterolytic cleavage of methane, leading to a proton transfer between two methyl groups in the field of an electropositive M metal. Early lanthanides, which are involved in strongly ionic metal-ligands bonds are thus associated with the lowest activation energies. The ionic radius and the steric effects influence the relative rates of reaction for the complexes of Sc, Y and Lu. In agreement with earlier works of Sherer et al., the experimental reactivity trends found by Tilley are reproduced best with Cp*2M-CH3 (Cp* = C5Me5) rather than Cp2M-CH3 (Cp = C5H5) because the steric bulk of C5Me5 deactivates most the complex where the metal has the smallest ionic radius (Sc). While the steric effects and the influence of the metal ionic radius cannot be neglected, these factors are not the only ones involved in determining the activation barriers of the sigma-bond metathesis reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Barros
- Laboratoire de Physique Quantique, IRSAMC, (UMR 5626 CNRS-UPS) Université Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31064, Toulouse Cedex, France
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50
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Walter MD, Wolmershäuser G, Sitzmann H. Calcium, Strontium, Barium, and Ytterbium Complexes with Cyclooctatetraenyl or Cyclononatetraenyl Ligands1. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:17494-503. [PMID: 16332102 DOI: 10.1021/ja0550071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Neutral triple-decker complexes of the heavy alkaline earth metals and ytterbium with tetraisopropylcyclopentadienide anions as terminal ligands and a cyclooctatetraene dianion as a middle deck have been synthesized from tetraisopropylcyclopentadienyl metal halide precursors and disodium cyclooctatetraenide. The pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl analogue [{(C5iPr5)Yb}2(C8H8)] was prepared from ytterbium metal, cyclooctatetraene, and the free pentaisopropylcyclopentadienyl radical. X-ray crystal structure determinations for the barium and the calcium derivative show an almost linear arrangement of ring centers and metal atoms in both cases with metal-ring center distances of 2.33 A (Ca-Cp), 1.99/1.98 A (Ca-COT) and 2.71 A (Ba-Cp), 2.40 A (Ba-COT). The geometrical features of these molecules could be modeled quite accurately with density functional calculations. With potassium cyclononatetraenide, sparingly soluble bis(cyclononatetraenyl)barium could be prepared and characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and elemental analysis. Cyclononatetraenyl(tetraisopropylcyclopentadienyl)barium was obtained from [(C5HiPr4)BaI(THF)2]2 and KC9H9 as a 1:1 mixture with octaisopropylbarocene. Density functional calculations predict sandwich structures with parallel rings and a 2.37 A Ba-ring distance for [Ba(C9H9)2] and a 174 bending with metal-ring distances of 2.72 A (Ba-Cp) and 2.35 A (Ba-CNT) for [(C5HiPr4)Ba(C9H9)]. All alkaline earth sandwich and triple-decker complexes mentioned above have been heated to 250 degrees C without decomposition and have been sublimed in oil pump vacuum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc D Walter
- FB Chemie der Technischen Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 54, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
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