1
|
González-Lainez M, Gallegos M, Munarriz J, Azpiroz R, Passarelli V, Jiménez MV, Pérez-Torrente JJ. Copper-Catalyzed Azide–Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) by Functionalized NHC-Based Polynuclear Catalysts: Scope and Mechanistic Insights. Organometallics 2022; 41:2154-2169. [PMID: 35971402 PMCID: PMC9374069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Copper(I) [Cu2(μ-Br)2(tBuImCH2pyCH2L)]n (L = OMe,
NEt2, NHtBu) compounds supported by flexible
functionalized NHC-based polydentate ligands have been prepared in
a one-pot procedure by reacting the corresponding imidazolium salt
with an excess of copper powder and Ag2O. An X-ray diffraction
analysis has revealed that
[Cu2(μ-Br)2(tBuImCH2pyCH2NEt2)]n is
a linear coordination polymer formed by bimetallic [Cu(μ-Br)]2 units linked by the lutidine-based NHC-py-NEt2 ligand, which acts as a heteroditopic ligand with a 1κC-2κ2N,N′ coordination
mode. We propose that the polymeric compounds break down in the solution
into more compact tetranuclear [Cu2(μ-Br)2(tBuImCH2pyCH2L)]2 compounds
with a coordination mode identical to the functionalized NHC ligands.
These compounds have been found to exhibit high catalytic activity
in the Cu-catalyzed azide–alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) reaction.
In particular, [Cu2(μ-Br)2(tBuImCH2pyCH2NEt2)]2 efficiently
catalyzes the click reaction of a range of azides and alkynes, under
an inert atmosphere at room temperature in neat conditions at a very
low catalyst loading, to quantitatively afford the corresponding 1,4-disubstituted
1,2,3-triazole derivatives in a few minutes. The cycloaddition reaction
of benzyl azide to phenylacetylene can be performed at 25–50
ppm catalyst loading by increasing the reaction time and/or temperature.
Reactivity studies have shown that the activation of the polynuclear
catalyst precursor involves the alkyne deprotonation by the NHC moiety
of the polydentate ligand to afford a copper(I)-alkynyl species bearing
a functionalized imidazolium ligand. DFT calculations support the
participation of the dinuclear species [(CuBr)2(μ-tBuImCH2pyCH2NEt2)], resulting
from the fragmentation of the tetranuclear compound, as the catalytically
active species. The proposed reaction pathway proceeds through zwitterionic
dinuclear intermediates and entails the active participation of both
copper atoms, as well as the NHC moiety as an internal base, which
activates the reacting alkyne via deprotonation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel González-Lainez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel Gallegos
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Julen Munarriz
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ramón Azpiroz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Passarelli
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - M. Victoria Jiménez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús J. Pérez-Torrente
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea-ISQCH, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Maekawa M, Kubo Y, Sugimoto K, Okubo T, Kuroda‐Sowa T, Munakata M. Heterometallic Ag
I
–Ir
III
Hydride Coordination Polymers Bridged by Ir
III
Metalloligands. Eur J Inorg Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201500996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Masahiko Maekawa
- Research Institute for Science and Technology, Kinki University, Kowakae, Higashi‐Osaka, Osaka 577‐8502, Japan, http://www.kindai.ac.jp/english/
| | - Yukimi Kubo
- Department of Chemistry, Kinki University, Kowakae, Higashi‐Osaka, Osaka 577‐8502, Japan
| | - Kunihisa Sugimoto
- Research and Utilization Division, Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute, Kouto, Sayo‐cho, Sayo‐gun, Hyogo 679‐5198, Japan
| | - Takashi Okubo
- Department of Chemistry, Kinki University, Kowakae, Higashi‐Osaka, Osaka 577‐8502, Japan
- PRESTO, Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), Japan
| | - Takayoshi Kuroda‐Sowa
- Department of Chemistry, Kinki University, Kowakae, Higashi‐Osaka, Osaka 577‐8502, Japan
| | - Megumu Munakata
- Department of Chemistry, Kinki University, Kowakae, Higashi‐Osaka, Osaka 577‐8502, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Alonso PJ, Benedí O, Fabra MJ, Lahoz FJ, Oro LA, Pérez-Torrente JJ. Synthesis of Tetranuclear Rhodium and Iridium Complexes Directed by 6-Mercaptopyridin-2-ol: Electrochemical Behavior, Chemical Oxidation, and Coordination Chemistry. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:7984-93. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9005289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pablo J. Alonso
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Oscar Benedí
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Catálisis Homogénea, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - María J. Fabra
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Catálisis Homogénea, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J. Lahoz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Catálisis Homogénea, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Luis A. Oro
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Catálisis Homogénea, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Jesús J. Pérez-Torrente
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto Universitario de Catálisis Homogénea, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza-C.S.I.C., E-50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Pramanik K, Das U, Adhikari B, Chopra D, Stoeckli-Evans H. RhCl3-Assisted C−H and C−S Bond Scissions: Isomeric Self-Association of Organorhodium(III) Thiolato Complex. Synthesis, Structure, and Electrochemistry. Inorg Chem 2007; 47:429-38. [DOI: 10.1021/ic7016006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kausikisankar Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India, Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, and Institut de Chemie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. de Bellevaux 51, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Ujjwal Das
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India, Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, and Institut de Chemie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. de Bellevaux 51, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Basab Adhikari
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India, Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, and Institut de Chemie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. de Bellevaux 51, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Deepak Chopra
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India, Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, and Institut de Chemie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. de Bellevaux 51, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| | - Helen Stoeckli-Evans
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India, Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India, and Institut de Chemie, Université de Neuchâtel, Av. de Bellevaux 51, 2000, Neuchâtel, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shin RYC, Tan GK, Koh LL, Vittal JJ, Goh LY, Webster RD. Metallophilicity in Annular Ru2M2 Derivatives of (HMB)RuII(tpdt) versus (Bis)-η2-dithiolate Bonding in Ru2M Derivatives of Cp*RuIII(tpdt) (HMB = η6-C6Me6; Cp* = η5-C5Me5; M = CuI, AgI,II, AuI; tpdt = 3-thiapentane-1,5-dithiolate). Organometallics 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/om0491950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Richard Y. C. Shin
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260
| | - Geok Kheng Tan
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260
| | - Lip Lin Koh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260
| | - Jagadese J. Vittal
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260
| | - Lai Yoong Goh
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Kent Ridge, Singapore 119260
| | - Richard D. Webster
- Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Camerano JA, Casado MA, Ciriano MA, Tejel C, Oro LA. Peripheral SH-functionalisation of carbosilane dendrimers including the synthesis of the model compound dimethylbis(propanethiol)silane and their interaction with rhodium complexes. Dalton Trans 2005:3092-100. [PMID: 16127505 DOI: 10.1039/b504218f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Treatment of the allyl-containing compounds Me2Si(CH2CHCH2)2 and MeSi(CH2CHCH2)3 with thioacetic acid in the presence of AIBN gave Me2Si[(CH2)3SC(O)CH3]2 and MeSi[(CH2)3SC(O)CH3]3, respectively, which were reduced with LiAlH4 to the dithiols Me2Si[(CH2)3SH]2(3) and MeSi[(CH2)3SH]3(4). This protocol was applied to the first and second generations of the doubly and triply-branched carbosilane allyl dendrimers, Si[(CH2)3SiMe(CH2CHCH2)2]4(G(1)allyl-8), Si[(CH2)3SiMe{(CH2)3SiMe(CH2CHCH2)2}2]4(G(2)allyl-16), Si[(CH2)3Si(CH2CHCH2)3]4(G(1)allyl-12), and Si[(CH2)3Si{(CH2)3Si(CH2CHCH2)3}3]4(G(2)allyl-36) to give the corresponding SH functionalised surface dendrimers Si[(CH2)3SiMe(CH2CH2CH2SH)2]4(G(1)SH-8), G(2)SH-16, G(1)SH-12, and G(2)SH-36. Reactions of 3 with [M(acac)(diolefin)](M = Rh, Ir; diolefin = 1,5-cyclooctadiene, 2,5-norbornadiene) gave the compounds of the type [M2(mu-Me2Si[(CH2)3S]2)(diolefin)2]n. These diolefin complexes are octanuclear (n= 4) in solution while the complex [Rh2(mu-Me2Si[(CH2)3S]2)(cod)2]n(5) is tetranuclear in the solid state. The structure of 5, solved by X-ray diffraction methods, consists of a 20-membered metallomacrocycle formed by two dimethylbis(propylthiolate)silane moieties bridging four fragments Rh(cod) in a mu2 fashion through the sulfur atoms. Treatment of [Rh(acac)(CO)2] with 3 gave [Rh2(mu-Me2Si[(CH2)3S]2)(CO)4]n, which is a mixture of tetra (n= 2) and octanuclear (n= 4) complexes in a 2 : 1 ratio in solution, while the related complex [Rh2(mu-Me2Si[(CH2)3S]2)(CO)2(PPh3)2]2 is tetranuclear. Reactions of [Rh(acac)(L-L)](L-L = cod, (CO)2, (CO)(PPh3)) with 4 and the dendrimers G(1)SH-8, G(2)SH-16, and G(1)SH-12, gave microcrystalline solids of formulae [Rh3(MeSi[(CH2)3S]3)(L-L)3]n, [Si[(CH2)3SiMe{(CH2)3SRh(cod)}2]4]n([G(1)Rh(cod)-8]n), [Si[(CH2)3Si{(CH2)3SRh(cod)}3]4]n([G(1)Rh(cod)-12]n), etc., which presumably are tridimensional coordination polymers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- José A Camerano
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón, C.S.I.C.-Universidad de Zaragoza, Spain
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|