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Spivak M, de Graaf C, Arcisauskaite V, López X. Gating the conductance of extended metal atom chains: a computational analysis of Ru 3(dpa) 4(NCS) 2 and [Ru 3(npa) 4(NCS) 2]. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14836-14844. [PMID: 34212973 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02429a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of a gate potential on the conductance of two members of the EMAC family, Ru3(dpa)4(NCS)2 and its asymmetric analogue, [Ru3(npa)4(NCS)2]+, are explored with a density functional approach combined with non-equilibrium Green's functions. From a computational perspective, the inclusion of an electrochemical gate potential represents a significant challenge because the periodic treatment of the electrode surface resists the formation of charged species. However, it is possible to mimic the effects of the electrochemical gate by including a very electropositive or electronegative atom in the unit cell that will effectively reduce or oxidize the molecule under study. In this contribution we compare this approach to the more conventional application of a solid-state gate potential, and show that both generate broadly comparable results. For two extended metal atom chain (EMAC) compounds, Ru3(dpa)4(NCS)2 and [Ru3(npa)4(NCS)2], we show that the presence of a gate potential shifts the molecular energy levels in a predictable way relative to the Fermi level, with distinct peaks in the conductance trace emerging as these levels enter the bias window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Spivak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK and Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Coen de Graaf
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain. and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vaida Arcisauskaite
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Xavier López
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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Chen WH, Huang CW, Wu BH, Cheng MC, Peng SM, Chen IC. Study of Electronic and Vibrational Structures of Reduced, Neutral, and Oxidized Ni 3(dpa) 4X 2 Using Density Functional Theory and Raman Spectroscopy. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:15620-15630. [PMID: 32637838 PMCID: PMC7331223 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The electronic and vibrational structures of trinickel metal string complexes [Ni3(dpa)4X2]1-,0,1+ (X = Cl, NCS) were investigated using both theoretical calculations and spectroscopic methods. We used the density functional theory (DFT) method B3LYP*-D3, including less exact exchange energy and the van der Waals interaction of metal ions, to obtain the geometries and vibrational structures, which were found to be in excellent agreement with the experimental data. The ground state of Ni3(dpa)4X2 is an antiferromagnetic (AF) singlet state, and the next state is a quintet state, which was detected using temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy under a magnetic field. The vibrational structure of the quintet state is nearly identical to that of the AF state, according to the measured Raman spectra, except that the stretching of Ni-Cl is blue-shifted from 282.5 cm-1 in the AF state to 283.8 cm-1 in the quintet state. Two oxidized Ni3 complexes were found to have [Ni3]7+ cores, the doublet [Ni3(dpa)4]3+ without axial ligands and the quartet [Ni3(dpa)4X2]+. Complex [Ni3(dpa)4X2]-, which was produced from a reduction reaction by gold nanoparticles at room temperature, consists of a quartet state as the ground state and a doublet state lying nearby.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Hao Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Chen-Wei Huang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Bo-Han Wu
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
| | - Ming-Chuan Cheng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 115, Republic of China
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 106, Republic of China
- Institute
of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan 115, Republic of China
| | - I-Chia Chen
- Department
of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, Republic of China
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Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the past 10-15 years on the design, synthesis, and properties of multimetallic coordination complexes with heterometallic metal-metal bonds that are paramagnetic. Several general classes have been explored including heterobimetallic compounds, heterotrimetallic compounds of either linear or triangular geometry, discrete molecular compounds containing a linear array of more than three metal atoms, and coordination polymers with a heterometallic metal-metal bonded backbone. We focus in this Review on the synthetic methods employed to access these compounds, their structural features, magnetic properties, and electronic structure. Regarding the metal-metal bond distances, we make use of the formal shortness ratio (FSR) for comparison of bond distances between a broad range of metal atoms of different sizes. The magnetic properties of these compounds can be described using an extension of the Goodenough-Kanamori rules to cases where two magnetic ions interact via a third metal atom. In describing the electronic structure, we focus on the ability (or not) of electrons to be delocalized across heterometallic bonds, allowing for rationalizations and predictions of single-molecule conductance measurements in paramagnetic heterometallic molecular wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Chipman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Steenbock T, Herrmann C. Toward an automated analysis of exchange pathways in spin-coupled systems. J Comput Chem 2018; 39:81-92. [PMID: 29044625 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2017] [Revised: 09/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Understanding (super-)exchange coupling between local spins is an important task in theoretical chemistry and solid-state physics. We show that a Green's-function approach introduced earlier (Liechtenstein et al., J. Phys. F 1984, 14, L125; Steenbock et al., J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2015, 11, 5651) can be used for analyzing exchange coupling pathways in an automated fashion rather than by visual inspection of molecular orbitals. We demonstrate the capabilities of this approach by comparing it to previously published pathway analyses for hydroxy-bridged dinuclear copper complexes and an oxo-bridged dinuclear manganese complex, and employ it for discriminating between through-space and through-bond pathways in a naphthalene-bridged bisnickelocene complex. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torben Steenbock
- Institute of Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, Hamburg, 20146, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Institute of Inorganic and Applied Chemistry, Chemistry Department, University of Hamburg, Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6, Hamburg, 20146, Germany
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Theoretical study on relationship between spin structure and electron conductivity of one-dimensional tri-nickel(II) complex. Polyhedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2017.02.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Jurić M, Androš Dubraja L, Pajić D, Torić F, Zorko A, Ozarowski A, Despoja V, Lafargue-Dit-Hauret W, Rocquefelte X. Experimental and Theoretical Investigation of the Anti-Ferromagnetic Coupling of Cr III Ions through Diamagnetic -O-Nb V-O- Bridges. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:6879-6889. [PMID: 28586215 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and properties of a novel hetero-tetranuclear compound [Cr2(bpy)4(μ-O)4Nb2(C2O4)4]·3H2O (1; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, magnetization measurements, IR, UV/visible spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR; X- and Q-bands and high-field), and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, are reported. Crystal structure of 1 (orthorhombic Pcab space group) consists of a square-shaped macrocyclic {Cr2(μ-O)4Nb2} core in which CrIII and NbV ions are alternately bridged by oxo ions and three uncoordinated water molecules. The intramolecular CrIII···CrIII distances through the -O-NbV-O- bridges are 7.410(2) and 7.419(2) Å, while diagonal separation is 5.406(2) Å. The temperature dependence of magnetization M(T) evidences an anti-ferromagnetic ground state, which originates from a magnetic interaction between two CrIII ions of spin 3/2 through two triatomic -O-NbV-O- diamagnetic bridges. A spin Hamiltonian appropriate for polynuclear isolated magnetic units was used. The best-fitting curve for this model is obtained with the parameters gCr = 1.992(3), J = -12.77(5) cm-1, and |D| = 0.17(4) cm-1. The CrIII···CrIII dimer model is confirmed by EPR spectra, which exhibit a pronounced change of their shape around the temperature corresponding to the intradimer coupling J. The EPR spectra simulations and DFT calculations reveal the presence of a single-ion anisotropy that is close to being uniaxial, D = -0.31 cm-1 and E = 0.024 cm-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Jurić
- Ruđer Bošković Institute , Bijenička cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Damir Pajić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Bijenička cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Filip Torić
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Bijenička cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Andrej Zorko
- Jožef Stefan Institute , Jamova cesta 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Andrew Ozarowski
- National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University , Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Vito Despoja
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb , Bijenička cesta 32, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Xavier Rocquefelte
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, UMR 6226 CNRS, Université de Rennes 1 , Rennes, France
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Metal–metal bonding in 1st, 2nd and 3rd row transition metal complexes: a topological analysis. J Mol Model 2017; 23:163. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-017-3321-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2016] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Wang WZ, Zhao D, Zhao MJ, Li H, Liu S, Ismayilov RH, Lee GH, Peng SM. Linear hexanuclear nickel complexes with rich electrochemical features and facility to reduction. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Yu LC, Lee GH, Sigrist M, Lin TS, Peng SM. Structure and Antiferromagnetism of Trinuclear Heterometallic Strings Containing MnII-MII-MnIIFrameworks (M = Ni, Pd, Pt). Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chung Yu
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; 10617 Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Chemistry; Academia Sinica; 11529 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Marc Sigrist
- Institute of Chemistry; Academia Sinica; 11529 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tien-Sung Lin
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; 10617 Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Chemistry; Academia Sinica; 11529 Taipei Taiwan
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12
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Luo KG, Tan Y, Xu X, Xu ZG. Theoretical studies on the structures of one-dimensional Ni n ( n = 3, 5, 7) metal string complexes under the effect of electric field. Inorganica Chim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kitagawa Y, Matsui T, Nakanishi Y, Shigeta Y, Kawakami T, Okumura M, Yamaguchi K. Theoretical studies of electronic structures, magnetic properties and electron conductivities of one-dimensional Ni(n) (n = 3, 5, 7) complexes. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:16200-8. [PMID: 24091592 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt51466h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Electronic structures, magnetic properties and electron conductivities of linearly aligned one-dimensional (1-D) Ni(II)3, Ni(II)5 and Ni(II)7 complexes, i.e. [Ni3(dpa)4NCS2], [Ni5(tpda)4X2] (X = Cl, CN, N3, NCS) and [Ni7(teptra)4Cl2], are systematically investigated by the broken-symmetry B3LYP calculations and simulations based on an elastic scattering Green's function theory. Calculated spin densities appear only at terminal Ni ions, while inner Ni ions are the closed-shell. The calculated effective exchange integrals (J(ab)) values reproduce well the experimental results that indicate anti-ferromagnetic (AF) interactions between two terminal Ni ions. Natural orbitals and their occupation numbers show that a change in the weak AF couplings by axial ligands in penta-nickel complexes originates in σ-type orbitals. Simulated electron conductivities of [Ni3(dpa)4NCS2] and [Ni5(tpda)4NCS2] semi-quantitatively correspond to the experimental results. By the analyses, it is elucidated that electrons are mainly transmitted by σ-type orbitals, but the bonds between Au and axial ligands are also dominant factors for conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasutaka Kitagawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan.
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Malrieu JP, Caballol R, Calzado CJ, de Graaf C, Guihéry N. Magnetic interactions in molecules and highly correlated materials: physical content, analytical derivation, and rigorous extraction of magnetic Hamiltonians. Chem Rev 2013; 114:429-92. [PMID: 24102410 DOI: 10.1021/cr300500z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jean Paul Malrieu
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, Université de Toulouse 3 , 118 route de Narbonne, 31062 Toulouse, France
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15
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Labéguerie P, Rohmer MM, Bénard M. DFT Modelling of the Magnetic Coupling in a Di- and in a Trinuclear Robson-Type Complexes of CuII. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.200900003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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16
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Yu Y, Li C, Yin B, Li JL, Huang YH, Wen ZY, Jiang ZY. Are trinuclear superhalogens promising candidates for building blocks of novel magnetic materials? A theoretical prospect from combined broken-symmetry density functional theory and ab initio study. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:054305. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4817189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
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Bandeira NA, Tabookht Z, de Graaf C, López X. Simple versus composite nature of the magnetic coupling in copper and nickel-based metallic chains. Over- and underestimation of J. CR CHIM 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2011.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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18
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Laurila E, Tatikonda R, Oresmaa L, Hirva P, Haukka M. Metallophilic interactions in stacked dinuclear rhodium 2,2′-biimidazole carbonyl complexes. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce25385b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Nippe M, Bill E, Berry JF. Group 6 complexes with iron and zinc heterometals: understanding the structural, spectroscopic, and electrochemical properties of a complete series of M≡M···M' compounds. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:7650-61. [PMID: 21755922 DOI: 10.1021/ic2011315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Binuclear quadruply bonded complexes Cr(2)(dpa)(4) (1, dpa = 2,2'-dipyridylamide), Mo(2)(dpa)(4) (2), and W(2)(dpa)(4) (3) react with anhydrous FeCl(2), yielding heterometallic compounds CrCrFe(dpa)(4)Cl(2) (4), MoMoFe(dpa)(4)Cl(2) (5), and WWFe(dpa)(4)Cl(2) (6). These molecules are structurally similar, having a linear M≡M···Fe chain that is axially capped by chloride ions and is equatorially supported by the helically twisted dpa ligands. A structurally related zinc analog, CrCrZn(dpa)(4)Cl(2) (7), can be prepared upon metalation of 1 with ZnCl(2). This reaction also persistently produces a 2:1 adduct of ZnCl(2) with 1, [Cr(2)(dpa)(4)](ZnCl(2))(2) (8), which is in equilibrium with 7 and has the two zinc ions bound externally to the Cr(2) core and axial bridging chloro ligands attached to each Cr ion. The sole isolable product of the addition of ZnCl(2) to 3 is a 1:1 adduct, [W(2)(dpa)(4)]ZnCl(2) (9). The structurally related chain complexes 4, 5, 6, and 7 are characterized by X-ray crystallography, UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and (57)Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy for the iron complexes in order to gain insights into the nature of heterometallic interactions, electronic excited states, and redox properties of these compounds, which have implications for all other M≡M···M' molecules. Additionally, NMR spectroscopy has been used to gain insight into the mechanism of the metalation of 1 by Zn(II).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Nippe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
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Zhang J, Zhu LG. Synthesis, structures, and properties of three coordination compounds based on trinickel clusters extended by phenyldicarboxylate ligands. CrystEngComm 2011. [DOI: 10.1039/c0ce00166j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Pal K, Nakao K, Mashima K. Solvent-Dependent cis/trans Isomerism at the Paddlewheel Mo2 Core of Linear Tetranuclear Clusters of MoII and CuI Supported by 6-(Diphenylphosphanyl)pyridin-2-olate (pyphos). Eur J Inorg Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201000896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Pardo E, Ferrando-Soria J, Dul MC, Lescouëzec R, Journaux Y, Ruiz-García R, Cano J, Julve M, Lloret F, Cañadillas-Delgado L, Pasán J, Ruiz-Pérez C. Oligo-m-phenyleneoxalamide Copper(II) Mesocates as Electro-Switchable Ferromagnetic Metal-Organic Wires. Chemistry 2010; 16:12838-51. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Mashima K. Linearly Aligned Metal Clusters: Versatile Reactivity and Bonding Nature of Tetrametal M–Mo–Mo–M Complexes (M = Pt, Pd, Ir, and Rh) Supported by 6-Diphenylphosphino-2-pyridonato Ligand. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2010. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.20090281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Paraskevopoulou P, Makedonas C, Psaroudakis N, Mitsopoulou CA, Floros G, Seressioti A, Ioannou M, Sanakis Y, Rath N, Gómez García CJ, Stavropoulos P, Mertis K. Isolation, characterization, and computational studies of the novel [Mo3(mu3-Br)2(mu-Br)3Br6]2- cluster anion. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:2068-76. [PMID: 20131811 DOI: 10.1021/ic901432j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The novel trimolybdenum cluster [Mo(3)(mu(3)-Br)(2)(mu-Br)(3)Br(6)](2-) (1, {Mo(3)}(9+), 9 d-electrons) has been isolated from the reaction of [Mo(CO)(6)] with 1,2-C(2)H(4)Br(2) in refluxing PhCl. The compound has been characterized in solution by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), UV-vis spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and in the solid state by X-ray analysis (counter-cations: (n-Bu)(4)N(+) (1), Et(4)N(+), Et(3)BzN(+)), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), magnetic susceptibility measurements, and infrared spectroscopy. The least disordered (n-Bu)(4)N(+) salt crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c, a = 20.077(2) A, b = 11.8638(11) A, c = 22.521(2) A, alpha = 90 deg, beta = 109.348(4) deg, gamma = 90 deg, V = 5061.3(9) A(3), Z = 4 and contains an isosceles triangular metal arrangement, which is capped by two bromine ligands. Each edge of the triangle is bridged by bromine ions. The structure is completed by six terminal bromine ligands. According to the magnetic measurements and the EPR spectrum the trimetallic core possesses one unpaired electron. Electrochemical data show that oxidation by one electron of 1 is reversible, thus proceeding with retention of the trimetallic core, while the reduction is irreversible. The effective magnetic moment of 1 (mu(eff), 1.55 mu(B), r.t.) is lower than the spin-only value (1.73 mu(B)) for S = 1/2 systems, most likely because of high spin-orbit coupling of Mo(III) and/or magnetic coupling throughout the lattice. The ground electronic state of 1 was studied using density functional theory techniques under the broken symmetry formalism. The ground state is predicted to exhibit strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the three molybdenum atoms of the core. Moreover, our calculated data predict two broken symmetry states that differ only by 0.4 kcal/mol (121 cm(-1)). The antiferromagnetic character is delocalized over three magnetic orbitals populated by three electrons. The assignment of the infrared spectra is also provided.
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Tabookht Z, López X, de Graaf C. Analysis of the Magnetic Coupling in M3(dpa)4Cl2 Systems (M = Ni, Pd, Cu, Ag) by Ab Initio Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2010; 114:2028-37. [DOI: 10.1021/jp910763d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Tabookht
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain, and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudi Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier López
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain, and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudi Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 barcelona, Spain
| | - Coen de Graaf
- Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili, C/Marcel·lí Domingo s/n, 43007, Tarragona, Spain, and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudi Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 barcelona, Spain
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Metal–Metal Bonds in Chains of Three or More Metal Atoms: From Homometallic to Heterometallic Chains. STRUCTURE AND BONDING 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-05243-9_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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27
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Takemura Y, Nakajima T, Tanase T, Usuki M, Takenaka H, Goto E, Mikuriya M. Dynamic structural changes of pentacopper(ii) chains supported by N6-donor ligands. Chem Commun (Camb) 2009:1664-6. [DOI: 10.1039/b817237d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Wang WZ, Ismayilov RH, Wang RR, Huang YL, Yeh CY, Lee GH, Peng SM. First stable reduced form of [Co(5)](+10): fine tuning of linear pentacobalt(ii) complexes containing delocalized metal-metal bonds through ligand modification. Dalton Trans 2008:6808-16. [PMID: 19153628 DOI: 10.1039/b811520f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Pentacobalt EMACs [Co(5)(mu(5)-dpzpda)(4)X(2)] (X = Cl(-) (), NCS(-) ()) with fine-tuning of the supporting ligand based on the tripyridyldiamine ligand, N,N'-di(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-diamine (H(2)dpzpda), and their reduced form (Ph(4)P)[Co(5)(mu(5)-dpzpda)(4)X(2)] (X = Cl(-) (), NCS(-) ()) were first synthesized and structurally characterized. The structures of showed direct Co-Co bonds with Co-Co distances in the range 2.2385(7)-2.2888(15) A, and valence electrons delocalized through the whole metal chain with distances of longer than 9.06 A. The distances of the inner Co-Co bonds and the Co-axial ligands became longer after reduction, whereas no significant change was observed in the distances of the outer Co-Co bonds and Co-N (supporting ligand) bonds, which was consistent with the MO analysis. Electrochemical studies on both and showed one reversible oxidation and one reversible reduction at E(1/2) = +0.82 and -0.05 V for , and at E(1/2) = +0.89 and +0.02 V for , respectively. The redox reactions of the thiocyanate complex happened at higher potentials than the chloride complex . A magnetism study of revealed anomalous magnetic behaviour similar to that of heptacobalt EMACs, and a deviation from the Curie-Weiss law was observed. The chi(M)T value at 300 K is 0.84 and 1.16 emu K mol(-1) for and , respectively, suggesting spin-equilibrium or a spin-admixture between doublet and quartet states arising from the Boltzmann distribution over different energy levels. Similar results were obtained for and , showing intermediate chi(M)T values between a diamagnetic and a triplet state of 0.15-0.96 emu K mol(-1) in the temperature range 5-300 K. The structural and magnetic results were interpreted through an EHMO study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Zhen Wang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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López X, Rohmer MM, Bénard M. DFT modelling of the [M–Pd–M]6+ metal atom chains (M=Ni, Pd): Structural, electronic and magnetic issues. J Mol Struct 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2007.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ismayilov RH, Wang WZ, Wang RR, Huang YL, Yeh CY, Lee GH, Peng SM. Stabilization of Long Cationic EMACs by Reduction or Loss of One Metal Ion. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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He W, Franzini RM, Achim C. Metal-Containing Nucleic Acid Structures Based on Synergetic Hydrogen and Coordination Bonding. PROGRESS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/9780470144428.ch8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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33
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Huang GC, Bénard M, Rohmer MM, Li LA, Chiu MJ, Yeh CY, Lee GH, Peng SM. Ru2M(dpa)4Cl2 (M = Cu, Ni): Synthesis, Characterization, and Theoretical Analysis of Asymmetric Heterometal String Complexes of the Dipyridylamide Family. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200701159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Liu IPC, Bénard M, Hasanov H, Chen IWP, Tseng WH, Fu MD, Rohmer MM, Chen CH, Lee GH, Peng SM. A New Generation of Metal String Complexes: Structure, Magnetism, Spectroscopy, Theoretical Analysis, and Single Molecular Conductance of an Unusual Mixed-Valence Linear [Ni5]8+ Complex. Chemistry 2007; 13:8667-77. [PMID: 17847146 DOI: 10.1002/chem.200700750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Two new linear pentanickel complexes [Ni5(bna)4(Cl)2][PF6]2 (1) and [Ni5(bna)4(Cl)2][PF6]4 (2; bna=binaphthyridylamide), were synthesized and structurally characterized. A derivative of 1, [Ni5(bna)4(NCS)2][NCS]2 (3), was also isolated for the purpose of the conductance experiments carried out in comparison with [Ni5(tpda)4(NCS)2] (4; tpda=tripyridyldiamide). The metal framework of complex 2 is a standard [Ni5]10+ core, isoelectronic with that of [Ni5(tpda)4Cl2] (5). Also as in 5, complex 2 has an antiferromagnetic ground state (J=-15.86 cm(-1)) resulting from a coupling between the terminal nickel atoms, both in high-spin sate (S=1). Complex 1 displays the first characterized linear nickel framework in which the usual sequence of NiII atoms has been reduced by two electrons. Each dinickel unit attached to the naphthyridyl moieties is assumed to undergo a one-electron reduction, whereas the central nickel formally remains NiII. DFT calculations suggest that the metal framework of the mixed-valence complex 1 should be described as intermediate between a localized picture corresponding to NiII-NiI-NiII-NiI-NiII and a fully delocalized model represented as (Ni2)3+-NiII-(Ni2)3+. Assuming the latter model, the ground state of 1 results from an antiferromagnetic coupling (J=-34.03 cm(-1)) between the two (Ni2)3+ fragments, considered each as a single magnetic centre (S=3/2). An intervalence charge-transfer band is observed in the NIR spectrum of 1 at 1186 nm, suggesting, in accordance with DFT calculations, that 1 should be assigned to Robin-Day class II of mixed-valent complexes. Scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) methodology was used to assess the conductance of single molecules of 3 and 4. Compound 3 was found approximately 40% more conductive than 4, a result that could be assigned to the electron mobility induced by mixed-valency in the naphthyridyl fragments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isiah Po-Chun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, 1, Roosevelt Rd., Sec. 4, Taipei 106, Taiwan
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36
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Liu IPC, Lee GH, Peng SM, Bénard M, Rohmer MM. Cu−Pd−Cu and Cu−Pt−Cu Linear Frameworks: Synthesis, Magnetic Properties, and Theoretical Analysis of Two Mixed-Metal Complexes of Dipyridylamide (dpa), Isostructural, and Isoelectronic with [Cu3(dpa)4Cl2]+. Inorg Chem 2007; 46:9602-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic070319l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Isiah Po-Chun Liu
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-ULP, Strasbourg, France, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, Republic of China, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-ULP, Strasbourg, France, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, Republic of China, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-ULP, Strasbourg, France, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, Republic of China, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Marc Bénard
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-ULP, Strasbourg, France, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, Republic of China, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
| | - Marie-Madeleine Rohmer
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, UMR 7177, CNRS-ULP, Strasbourg, France, Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10764, Taiwan, Republic of China, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan ROC
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37
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Kitagawa Y, Shoji M, Koizumi K, Kawakami T, Okumura M, Yamaguchi K. Theoretical studies on relation among structures, electric structures and magnetic interactions in MMX complexes. Polyhedron 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2006.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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38
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Ismayilov RH, Wang WZ, Wang RR, Yeh CY, Lee GH, Peng SM. Four quadruple metal–metal bonds lined up: linear nonachromium(ii) metal string complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2007:1121-3. [PMID: 17347712 DOI: 10.1039/b614597c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Through a new pyrazine-modulated penta-pyridyl-tetraamine ligand, H(4)N(9)-mpz, linear nonachromium(II) complexes with four quadruple metal-metal bonds were successfully obtained, and their structure, magnetic and electrochemistry properties were studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rayyat H Ismayilov
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
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39
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Mashima K, Shimoyama Y, Kusumi Y, Fukumoto A, Yamagata T, Ohashi M. Formation of a Dative Bond Between Pt0 and MoII in Linear Pt0–MoII–MoII–Pt0 Complexes, MoII2Pt02(pyphos)4(PR3)2, and Unique 1,4-Oxidative Addition Reaction of Diaryl Disulfides Giving MoII2PtI2(pyphos)4(SAr)2 (pyphos = 6-Diphenylphosphanyl-2-pyridonato). Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200601018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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40
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Schultz NE, Zhao Y, Truhlar DG. Benchmarking approximate density functional theory for s/d excitation energies in 3d transition metal cations. J Comput Chem 2007; 29:185-9. [PMID: 17565501 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.20717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Holthausen has recently provided a comprehensive study of density functional theory for calculating the s/d excitation energies of the 3d transition metal cations. This study did not include the effects of scalar relativistic effects, and we show here that the inclusion of scalar relativistic effects significantly alters the conclusions of the study. We find, contrary to the previous study, that local functionals are more accurate for the excitation energies of 3d transition method cations than hybrid functionals. The most accurate functionals, of the 38 tested, are SLYP, PBE, BP86, PBELYP, and PW91.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan E Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Supercomputing Institute, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street Southeast, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455-0431
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41
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López X, Huang MY, Huang GC, Peng SM, Li FY, Bénard M, Rohmer MM. Even-Numbered Metal Chain Complexes: Synthesis, Characterization, and DFT Analysis of [Ni4(μ4-Tsdpda)4(H2O)2] (Tsdpda2- = N-(p-toluenesulfonyl)dipyridyldiamido), [Ni4(μ4-Tsdpda)4]+, and Related Ni4 String Complexes. Inorg Chem 2006; 45:9075-84. [PMID: 17054368 DOI: 10.1021/ic0612505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis and the X-ray structure of two complexes exhibiting a linear chain of four nickel atoms is reported, following Ni4(mu4-phdpda)4 (1), which had been characterized previously. [Ni4(mu4-Tsdpda)4(H2O)2], where H2Tsdpda is N-(p-toluenesulfonyl)dipyridyldiamine (2), is axially coordinated to two water molecules, at variance with 1. One-electron oxidation of 2 resulted in the loss of the axial ligands, yielding [Ni4(mu4-Tsdpda)4]+, [3]+, which was also structurally characterized. Finally, we report the structure of Ni4(mu4-DAniDANy)4 (4), a complex synthesized starting from the new ligand N,N'-bis-p-anisyl-2,7-diamino-1,8-naphthyridine. Magnetic measurements concluded that 4 is diamagnetic, like 1, whereas 2 is antiferromagnetic (-2J(14) = 80 cm(-)(1), using the Heisenberg Hamiltonian H = -2J(14) S(1).S(4)), as are other axially coordinated chains with an odd number of nickel atoms. DFT calculations are reported on these complexes in order to rationalize their electronic structure and their magnetic behavior. The magnetic properties of the [Ni4]8+ complexes are governed by the electronic state of the Ni(II) atoms, which may be either low-spin (S = 0), or high-spin (S = 1). DFT calculations show that the promotion to high spin of two Ni atoms in the chain, either external or internal, depends on the interplay between axial and equatorial coordination. The synergy between axial coordination and the presence of electron-withdrawing toluenesulfonyl substituents in 2 favors the promotion to the high-spin state of the terminal Ni atoms, thus yielding an antiferromagnetic ground state for the complex. This is at variance with complexes 1 and 4, for which the lowest quintet state results from the promotion to high spin of the internal nickel atoms, together with an important ligand participation, and is destabilized by 9 to 16 kcal mol(-1) with respect to the diamagnetic ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier López
- Laboratoire de Chimie Quantique, Institut de Chimie, LC3-UMR 7177, CNRS-ULP, Strasbourg, France.
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42
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Cotton FA, Chao H, Murillo CA, Wang Q. A trimetal chain cocooned by two heptadentate polypyridylamide ligands. Dalton Trans 2006:5416-22. [PMID: 17102867 DOI: 10.1039/b612076h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Compounds of nickel in which a chain of three metal atoms is closely embraced by two interlocking heptadentate dianions derived from a chain of five pyridyl groups linked at the 2, or 2 and 6, positions by four amide nitrogen atoms are reported. This new type of extended metal atom chain (EMAC) compound differs from earlier ones in that ligand exchange at the axial positions cannot occur, because the axial ligands are part of the entire ligand. Four such compounds, all crystallographically characterized, are reported. This work is a proof-of-concept project that will be extended to other metals with these and other homologous ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Albert Cotton
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory for Molecular Structure and Bonding, P. O. Box 30012, Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas 77842-3012, USA.
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