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Microwave-Assisted Synthesis: Can Transition Metal Complexes Take Advantage of This “Green” Method? Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27134249. [PMID: 35807493 PMCID: PMC9267986 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27134249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Microwave-assisted synthesis is considered environmental-friendly and, therefore, in agreement with the principles of green chemistry. This form of energy has been employed extensively and successfully in organic synthesis also in the case of metal-catalyzed synthetic procedures. However, it has been less widely exploited in the synthesis of metal complexes. As microwave irradiation has been proving its utility as both a time-saving procedure and an alternative way to carry on tricky transformations, its use can help inorganic chemists, too. This review focuses on the use of microwave irradiation in the preparation of transition metal complexes and organometallic compounds and also includes new, unpublished results. The syntheses of the compounds are described following the group of the periodic table to which the contained metal belongs. A general overview of the results from over 150 papers points out that microwaves can be a useful synthetic tool for inorganic chemists, reducing dramatically the reaction times with respect to traditional heating. This is often accompanied by a more limited risk of decomposition of reagents or products by an increase in yield, purity, and (sometimes) selectivity. In any case, thermal control is operative, whereas nonthermal or specific microwave effects seem to be absent.
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Kuttassery F, Kumagai H, Kamata R, Ebato Y, Higashi M, Suzuki H, Abe R, Ishitani O. Supramolecular photocatalysts fixed on the inside of the polypyrrole layer in dye sensitized molecular photocathodes: application to photocatalytic CO 2 reduction coupled with water oxidation. Chem Sci 2021; 12:13216-13232. [PMID: 34745553 PMCID: PMC8513877 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03756k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of systems for photocatalytic CO2 reduction with water as a reductant and solar light as an energy source is one of the most important milestones on the way to artificial photosynthesis. Although such reduction can be performed using dye-sensitized molecular photocathodes comprising metal complexes as redox photosensitizers and catalyst units fixed on a p-type semiconductor electrode, the performance of the corresponding photoelectrochemical cells remains low, e.g., their highest incident photon-to-current conversion efficiency (IPCE) equals 1.2%. Herein, we report a novel dye-sensitized molecular photocathode for photocatalytic CO2 reduction in water featuring a polypyrrole layer, [Ru(diimine)3]2+ as a redox photosensitizer unit, and Ru(diimine)(CO)2Cl2 as the catalyst unit and reveal that the incorporation of the polypyrrole network significantly improves reactivity and durability relative to those of previously reported dye-sensitized molecular photocathodes. The irradiation of the novel photocathode with visible light under low applied bias stably induces the photocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO and HCOOH with high faradaic efficiency and selectivity (even in aqueous solution), and the highest IPCE is determined as 4.7%. The novel photocathode is coupled with n-type semiconductor photoanodes (CoO x /BiVO4 and RhO x /TaON) to construct full cells that photocatalytically reduce CO2 using water as the reductant upon visible light irradiation as the only energy input at zero bias. The artificial Z-scheme photoelectrochemical cell with the dye-sensitized molecular photocathode achieves the highest energy conversion efficiency of 8.3 × 10-2% under the irradiation of both electrodes with visible light, while a solar to chemical conversion efficiency of 4.2 × 10-2% is achieved for a tandem-type cell using a solar light simulator (AM 1.5, 100 mW cm-2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazalurahman Kuttassery
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Hiromu Kumagai
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University 2-1-1, Katahira, Aoba-ku Sendai Miyagi 980-8577 Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kamata
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Yusuke Ebato
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
| | - Masanobu Higashi
- The OCU Advanced Research Institute for Natural Science and Technology, Osaka City University 3-3-138 Sugimoto, Sumiyoshi-ku Osaka City Osaka 558-8585 Japan
| | - Hajime Suzuki
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Ryu Abe
- Department of Energy and Hydrocarbon Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University Katsura, Nishikyo-ku Kyoto 615-8510 Japan
| | - Osamu Ishitani
- Department of Chemistry, Tokyo Institute of Technology 2-12-1-NE-1, O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8550 Japan
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Arevalo R, López R, Falvello LR, Riera L, Perez J. Building C(sp 3 ) Molecular Complexity on 2,2'-Bipyridine and 1,10-Phenanthroline in Rhenium Tricarbonyl Complexes. Chemistry 2021; 27:379-389. [PMID: 33001533 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of [Re(N-N)(CO)3 (PMe3 )]OTf (N-N=2,2'-bipyridine, bipy; 1,10-phenanthroline, phen) compounds with tBuLi and with LiHBEt3 have been explored. Addition to the N-N chelate took place with different site-selectivity depending on both chelate and nucleophile. Thus, with tBuLi, an unprecedented addition to C5 of bipy, a regiochemistry not accessible for free bipy, was obtained, whereas coordinated phen underwent tBuLi addition to C2 and C4. Remarkably, when LiHBEt3 reacted with [Re(bipy)(CO)3 (PMe3 )]OTf, hydride addition to the 4 and 6 positions of bipy triggered an intermolecular cyclodimerization of two dearomatized pyridyl rings. In contrast, hydride addition to the phen analog resulted in partial reduction of one pyridine ring. The resulting neutral ReI products showed a varied reactivity with HOTf and with MeOTf to yield cationic complexes. These strategies rendered access to ReI complexes containing bipy- and phen-derived chelates with several C(sp3 ) centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebeca Arevalo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.,Current address: Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, University of California, Merced, 5200 N. Lake Road, 95343, Merced, CA, USA
| | - Ramón López
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Larry R Falvello
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Aragón (ICMA), Universidad de Zaragoza-CSIC, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Lucía Riera
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología-CINN, CSIC- Universidad de Oviedo-Principado de Asturias, Avda. de la Vega 4-6, 33940, El Entrego, Spain
| | - Julio Perez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica e Inorgánica, Universidad de Oviedo, Julián Clavería, 8, 33006, Oviedo, Spain.,Centro de Investigación en Nanomateriales y Nanotecnología-CINN, CSIC- Universidad de Oviedo-Principado de Asturias, Avda. de la Vega 4-6, 33940, El Entrego, Spain
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Kong L, He M, Yan W, Zhang C, Ju X. Theoretical studies on triaryamine‐based p‐type D‐D‐π‐A sensitizer. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201800413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li‐Xiao Kong
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of MOE, School of Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Mingfei He
- Department of Nano EngineeringUniversity of California San Diego California
| | - Wen Yan
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of MOE, School of Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Chang‐Shan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of MOE, School of Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xue‐Hai Ju
- Key Laboratory of Soft Chemistry and Functional Materials of MOE, School of Chemical EngineeringNanjing University of Science and Technology Nanjing P. R. China
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Beillard A, Bantreil X, Métro TX, Martinez J, Lamaty F. Alternative Technologies That Facilitate Access to Discrete Metal Complexes. Chem Rev 2019; 119:7529-7609. [PMID: 31059243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Organometallic complexes: these two words jump to the mind of the chemist and are directly associated with their utility in catalysis or as a pharmaceutical. Nevertheless, to be able to use them, it is necessary to synthesize them, and it is not always a small matter. Typically, synthesis is via solution chemistry, using a round-bottom flask and a magnetic or mechanical stirrer. This review takes stock of alternative technologies currently available in laboratories that facilitate the synthesis of such complexes. We highlight five such technologies: mechanochemistry, also known as solvent-free chemistry, uses a mortar and pestle or a ball mill; microwave activation can drastically reduce reaction times; ultrasonic activation promotes chemical reactions because of cavitation phenomena; photochemistry, which uses light radiation to initiate reactions; and continuous flow chemistry, which is increasingly used to simplify scale-up. While facilitating the synthesis of organometallic compounds, these enabling technologies also allow access to compounds that cannot be obtained in any other way. This shows how the paradigm is changing and evolving toward new technologies, without necessarily abandoning the round-bottom flask. A bright future is ahead of the organometallic chemist, thanks to these novel technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Audrey Beillard
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Xavier Bantreil
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Thomas-Xavier Métro
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Jean Martinez
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
| | - Frédéric Lamaty
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM), UMR 5247, CNRS, Université de Montpellier, ENSCM, Campus Triolet, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34095 Montpellier cedex 5, France
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Łomzik M, Mazuryk O, Rutkowska-Zbik D, Stochel G, Gros PC, Brindell M. New ruthenium compounds bearing semicarbazone 2-formylopyridine moiety: Playing with auxiliary ligands for tuning the mechanism of biological activity. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 175:80-91. [PMID: 28738277 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Two ruthenium(II) complexes Ru1 and Ru2 bearing as a one ligand 2,2'-bipyridine substituted by a semicarbazone 2-formylopyridine moiety (bpySC: 5-(4-{4'-methyl-[2,2'-bipyridine]-4-yl}but-1-yn-1-yl)pyridine-2-carbaldehyde semicarbazone) and as the others 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) and 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (dip), respectively, as auxiliary ligands have been prepared. Their biological activity has been studied on murine colon carcinoma (CT26) and human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cell lines. The anti-proliferative activity was dependent on the presence of bpy or dip in the complex, with one order of magnitude higher cytotoxicity for Ru2 (dip ligands). Ru1 (bpy ligands) exhibited a distinct increase in cytotoxicity going from 24 to 72h of incubation with cells as was not observed for Ru2. Even though both studied compounds were powerful apoptosis inducing agents, the mechanism of their action was entirely different. Ru1-incubated A549 cells showed a notable increase in cells number in the S-phase of the cell cycle, with concomitant decrease in the G2/M phase, while Ru2 promoted a cell accumulation in the G0/G1 phase. In contrast, Ru1 induced marginal oxidative stress in A549 cell lines even upon increasing the incubation time. Even though Ru1 preferably accumulated in lysosomes it triggered the apoptotic cellular death via an intrinsic mitochondrial pathway. Ru1-incubated A549 cells showed swelling and enlarging of the mitochondria. It was not observed in case of Ru2 for which mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum were found as primarily localization site. Despite this the apoptosis induced by Ru2 was caspase-independent. All these findings point to a pronounced role of auxiliary ligands in tuning the mode of biological activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Łomzik
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland; Université de Lorraine, CNRS, UMR SRSMC, HecRIn, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Olga Mazuryk
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Dorota Rutkowska-Zbik
- Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, 30-239 Krakow, Poland
| | - Grażyna Stochel
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland
| | - Philippe C Gros
- Université de Lorraine, CNRS, UMR SRSMC, HecRIn, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France.
| | - Małgorzata Brindell
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Ingardena 3, 30-060 Krakow, Poland.
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Shalan H, Colbert A, Nguyen TT, Kato M, Cheruzel L. Correlating the para-Substituent Effects on Ru(II)-Polypyridine Photophysical Properties and on the Corresponding Hybrid P450 BM3 Enzymes Photocatalytic Activity. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:6558-6564. [PMID: 28537742 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ru(II)-diimine complexes covalently attached near the heme active site of P450 BM3 enzymes have been used to rapidly inject electrons and drive selective C-H functionalization upon visible light irradiation. Herein, we have generated a series of hybrid P450 BM3 enzymes containing a photosensitizer of general formula [Ru(4,4'-X2bpy)2(PhenA)]2+ where X = Cl, H, tBu, Me OPhe, OMe, or NMe2, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, and PhenA = 5-acetamido-1,10-phenanthroline. We then probed the effect of electron-withdrawing and -donating groups at the para position of the 4,4'-X2bpy ligands on the corresponding hybrid enzymes photocatalytic activity. A 3-fold improvement in initial reaction rate was noted when varying the substituent from Cl to tBu, however, the reaction rates decrease thereafter with the more electron donating groups. In order to rationalize those effects, we investigated the variation of the substituent on the photophysical properties of the corresponding [Ru(4,4'-X2bpy)2(bpy)]2+ model complexes. Several linear correlations were established between the E(III/II) potential, the MLCT emission, and absorption energies as well as the logarithm of the luminescence quenching rate vs the summative Brown-Okamoto parameter (Σσp+). Moreover, a downward curved Hammett plot is observed with the hybrid enzyme initial reaction rate revealing mechanistic details about the overall light-driven enzymatic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadil Shalan
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
| | - Alexander Colbert
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
| | - Thanh Truc Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
| | - Mallory Kato
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
| | - Lionel Cheruzel
- Department of Chemistry, San Jose State University , San Jose, California 95192-0101, United States
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8
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Pashaei B, Shahroosvand H, Graetzel M, Nazeeruddin MK. Influence of Ancillary Ligands in Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells. Chem Rev 2016; 116:9485-564. [PMID: 27479482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) have motivated many researchers to develop various sensitizers with tailored properties involving anchoring and ancillary ligands. Ancillary ligands carry favorable light-harvesting abilities and are therefore crucial in determining the overall power conversion efficiencies. The use of ancillary ligands having aliphatic chains and/or π-extended aromatic units decreases charge recombination and permits the collection of a large fraction of sunlight. This review aims to provide insight into the relationship between ancillary ligand structure and DSSC properties, which can further guide the function-oriented design and synthesis of different sensitizers for DSSCs. This review outlines how the new and rapidly expanding class of chelating ancillary ligands bearing 2,2'-bipyridyl, 1,10-phenanthroline, carbene, dipyridylamine, pyridyl-benzimidazole, pyridyl-azolate, and other aromatic ligands provides a conduit for potentially enhancing the performance and stability of DSSCs. Finally, these classes of Ru polypyridyl complexes have gained increasing interest for feasible large-scale commercialization of DSSCs due to their more favorable light-harvesting abilities and long-term thermal and chemical stabilities compared with other conventional sensitizers. Therefore, the main idea is to inspire readers to explore new avenues in the design of new sensitizers for DSSCs based on different ancillary ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Babak Pashaei
- Chemistry Department, University of Zanjan , Zanjan, Iran
| | | | - Michael Graetzel
- Laboratory for Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Mohammad Khaja Nazeeruddin
- Group for Molecular Engineering of Functional Materials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne , CH-1951 Sion, Switzerland
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Cisneros R, Beley M, Fauvarque JF, Lapicque F. Investigation of electron transfer processes involved in DSSC’s by wavelength dependent electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (λ-EIS). Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.04.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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A ruthenium(II) bipyridine complex containing a 4,5-diazafluorene moiety: Synthesis, characterization and its applications in transfer hydrogenation of ketones and dye sensitized solar cells. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.12.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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11
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Zúñiga C, Crivelli I, Loeb B. Synthesis, characterization, spectroscopic and electrochemical studies of donor–acceptor ruthenium(II) polypyridine ligand derivatives with potential NLO applications. Polyhedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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12
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Pashaei B, Shahroosvand H, Abbasi P. Transition metal complex redox shuttles for dye-sensitized solar cells. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13088c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This review provides an in-depth investigation into exciting alternative electrolyte shuttles in DSSCs and the various advantages that they provide, such as high conversion efficiency and non-corrosive properties.
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Colombo A, Dragonetti C, Magni M, Roberto D, Demartin F, Caramori S, Bignozzi CA. Efficient copper mediators based on bulky asymmetric phenanthrolines for DSSCs. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:13945-13955. [PMID: 25078128 DOI: 10.1021/am503306f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In the context of the development of new electron mediators for dye-sensitized solar cells that could efficiently substitute the more common I3(-)/I(-) redox couple, we have prepared a series of Cu(I)- phenanthroline complexes through an easy synthetic route. The novel [Cu(2-mesityl-4,7-dimethyl-1,10-phenanthroline)2]PF6 (3) is of particular interest because the presence of the bulky mesityl groups protects as a kiss lock the Cu center, leading to superior dye regeneration kinetics with respect to simpler phenanthroline-based Cu(I) complexes and to a lower dark current with respect the I3(-)/I(-). The exploitation of a dual-component electrolyte constituted by (3) and a Fe(II) comediator, in combination with the [Ru(4,4'-dicarboxy-2,2'-bipyridine)2(4,4'-dinonyl-2,2'-bipyridine)](PF6)2 sensitizer, allowed us to increase the performance of the cell, reaching Jsc values of 4.0 mA cm(-2), comparable to that recorded with I3(-)/I(-) (3.8 mA cm(-2)).
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Colombo
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano , UdR dell'INSTM, Via Golgi 19, Milano 20133 Italy
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Beley M, Gros PC. Ruthenium Polypyridine Complexes Bearing Pyrroles and π-Extended Analogues. Synthesis, Spectroelectronic, Electrochemical, and Photovoltaic Properties. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om5002183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Beley
- Université de Lorraine, SRSMC UMR7565, Photosens, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, SRSMC UMR7565, Photosens, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Philippe C. Gros
- Université de Lorraine, SRSMC UMR7565, Photosens, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, SRSMC UMR7565, Photosens, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
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15
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UV–vis absorption spectrum of a novel Ru(II) complex intercalated in DNA: [Ru(2,2′-bipy)(dppz)(2,2′-ArPy)]+. J Mol Model 2014; 20:2082. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-014-2082-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/09/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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16
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Bignozzi C, Argazzi R, Boaretto R, Busatto E, Carli S, Ronconi F, Caramori S. The role of transition metal complexes in dye sensitized solar devices. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 146] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Zanna N, Monari A, Assfeld X. Theoretical Study of the Absorption Spectrum of a Photoisomerizable Iron Complex. J Phys Chem A 2012; 116:11905-12. [DOI: 10.1021/jp310171r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola Zanna
- Dipartimento di Chimica Organica
A. Mangini, Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Antonio Monari
- Université de Lorraine Nancy, Théorie Modélisation
Simulations, Photosens Laboratoire SRSMC, Boulevard des Aiguillettes,
54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Théorie Modélisation
Simulations, Photosens Laboratoire
SRSMC, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy,
France
| | - Xavier Assfeld
- Université de Lorraine Nancy, Théorie Modélisation
Simulations, Photosens Laboratoire SRSMC, Boulevard des Aiguillettes,
54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France
- CNRS, Théorie Modélisation
Simulations, Photosens Laboratoire
SRSMC, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy,
France
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18
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Xu HH, Tao X, Li YQ, Shen YZ, Wei YH. Synthesis and characterization of a series of transition metal polypyridyl complexes and the pH-induced luminescence switch of Zn(II) and Ru(II) complexes. Polyhedron 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.11.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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19
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Noureen S, Caramori S, Monari A, Assfeld X, Argazzi R, Bignozzi CA, Beley M, Gros PC. Strong π-delocalization and substitution effect on electronic properties of dithienylpyrrole-containing bipyridine ligands and corresponding ruthenium complexes. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:4833-44. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12367c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Robson KCD, Bomben PG, Berlinguette CP. Cycloruthenated sensitizers: improving the dye-sensitized solar cell with classical inorganic chemistry principles. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:7814-29. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30825h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Lachaud F, Jeandon C, Monari A, Assfeld X, Beley M, Ruppert R, Gros PC. New dyads using (metallo)porphyrins as ancillary ligands in polypyridine ruthenium complexes. Synthesis and electronic properties. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:12865-71. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31656k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Monari A, Assfeld X, Beley M, Gros PC. Theoretical study of new ruthenium-based dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells. J Phys Chem A 2011; 115:3596-603. [PMID: 21428400 DOI: 10.1021/jp201058v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Two relevant, recently reported, ruthenium-based complexes to be used as sensitizers in Grätzel photovoltaic cells are theoretically studied. The UV/vis absorption spectra have been computed within the time-dependent density functional theory formalism. The obtained excitation energies are compared with the experimental results, and the nature of the transition is analyzed in terms of the electronic density. A preliminary study on the performance of different functionals against the equation of motion coupled cluster is performed on a smaller model system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Monari
- Equipe de Chimie et Biochimie Théoriques, Institut Jean Barriol, Nancy Université, Vandoeuvre-lès-Nancy, France.
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Hagfeldt A, Boschloo G, Sun L, Kloo L, Pettersson H. Dye-sensitized solar cells. Chem Rev 2010; 110:6595-663. [PMID: 20831177 DOI: 10.1021/cr900356p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4261] [Impact Index Per Article: 304.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anders Hagfeldt
- Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, Uppsala University, Box 259, SE-751 05 Uppsala, Sweden.
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Enhancement of photovoltaic performance of a novel dye, “T18”, with ketene thioacetal groups as electron donors for high efficiency dye-sensitized solar cells. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2010.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Fan SH, Zhang AG, Ju CC, Gao LH, Wang KZ. A Triphenylamine-Grafted Imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline Ruthenium(II) Complex: Acid−Base and Photoelectric Properties. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:3752-63. [DOI: 10.1021/ic902100v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Su-Hua Fan
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - An-Guo Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan-Chuan Ju
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Gao
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100037, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke-Zhi Wang
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People’s Republic of China
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Calogero G, Di Marco G, Cazzanti S, Caramori S, Argazzi R, Di Carlo A, Bignozzi CA. Efficient dye-sensitized solar cells using red turnip and purple wild sicilian prickly pear fruits. Int J Mol Sci 2010. [PMID: 20162014 DOI: 10.1155/2010/458614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) were assembled by using the bougainvillea flowers, red turnip and the purple wild Sicilian prickly pear fruit juice extracts as natural sensitizers of TiO(2) films. The yellow orange indicaxanthin and the red purple betacyanins are the main components in the cocktail of natural dyes obtained from these natural products. The best overall solar energy conversion efficiency of 1.7% was obtained, under AM 1.5 irradiation, with the red turnip extract, that showed a remarkable current density (Jsc = 9.5 mA/cm(2)) and a high IPCE value (65% at lambda = 470 nm). Also the purple extract of the wild Sicilian prickly pear fruit showed interesting performances, with a Jsc of 9.4 mA/cm(2), corresponding to a solar to electrical power conversion of 1.26%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Calogero
- CNR, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Sede di Messina, Salita Sperone, C. da Papardo, I-98158 Faro Superiore Messina, Italy
| | - Gaetano Di Marco
- CNR, Istituto per i Processi Chimico-Fisici, Sede di Messina, Salita Sperone, C. da Papardo, I-98158 Faro Superiore Messina, Italy
| | - Silvia Cazzanti
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Caramori
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Roberto Argazzi
- c/o Dipartimento di Chimica, Istituto per la Sintesi Organica e la Fotoreattività (ISOF-CNR), Università di Ferrara, Via L. Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Aldo Di Carlo
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Elettronica, Università di Roma 2, Tor Vergata, Roma, Italy
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Gros PC, Fort Y. Combinations of Alkyllithiums and Lithium Aminoalkoxides for Generation of Functional Pyridine Organometallics and Derivatives. European J Org Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.200900324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Philippe C. Gros
- Groupe SOR, SRSMC, CNRS, Nancy Université, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre‐Lès‐Nancy, France, Fax: +33‐3‐83684979
| | - Yves Fort
- Groupe SOR, SRSMC, CNRS, Nancy Université, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, 54506 Vandoeuvre‐Lès‐Nancy, France, Fax: +33‐3‐83684979
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Grabulosa A, Beley M, Gros PC, Cazzanti S, Caramori S, Bignozzi CA. Homoleptic Ruthenium Complex Bearing Dissymmetrical 4-Carboxy-4′-pyrrolo-2,2′-bipyridine for Efficient Sensitization of TiO2 in Solar Cells. Inorg Chem 2009; 48:8030-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9009256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arnald Grabulosa
- SRSMC, Nancy Université, CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Marc Beley
- SRSMC, Nancy Université, CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
- Université Paul Verlaine, 57012 Metz, France
| | - Philippe C. Gros
- SRSMC, Nancy Université, CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, Boulevard des Aiguillettes, F-54506 Vandoeuvre-Lès-Nancy, France
| | - Silvia Cazzanti
- Chemistry Department, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Stefano Caramori
- Chemistry Department, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Carlo A. Bignozzi
- Chemistry Department, University of Ferrara, Via Luigi Borsari 46, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
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Fan SH, Wang KZ, Yang WC. A Carbazole-Containing Difunctional RuIIComplex That Functions as a pH-Induced Emission Switch and an Efficient Sensitizer for Solar Cells. Eur J Inorg Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Grabulosa A, Martineau D, Beley M, Gros PC, Cazzanti S, Caramori S, Bignozzi CA. Ruthenium complexes bearing π-extended pyrrolo-styryl-bipyridine ligand: electronic properties and evaluation as photosensitizers. Dalton Trans 2009:63-70. [DOI: 10.1039/b814819h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Grabulosa A, Beley M, Gros PC. Remarkable Effect of 4-Substituted 2,2′-Bipyridine Ligands on the Stereochemistry of Ruthenium(II) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200800023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Matar F, Ghaddar TH, Walley K, DosSantos T, Durrant JR, O'Regan B. A new ruthenium polypyridyl dye, TG6, whose performance in dye-sensitized solar cells is surprisingly close to that of N719, the ‘dye to beat’ for 17 years. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1039/b808255c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Godbert N, Pugliese T, Aiello I, Bellusci A, Crispini A, Ghedini M. Efficient, Ultrafast, Microwave-Assisted Syntheses of Cycloplatinated Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200700639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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