1
|
Stitch M, Sanders R, Sazanovich IV, Towrie M, Botchway SW, Quinn SJ. Contrasting Photosensitized Processes of Ru(II) Polypyridyl Structural Isomers Containing Linear and Hooked Intercalating Ligands Bound to Guanine-Rich DNA. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:7803-7812. [PMID: 39106822 PMCID: PMC11331526 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c04129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/09/2024]
Abstract
The DNA binding and cellular uptake of the lambda enantiomer of two bis-tetraazaphenanthrene (TAP) Ru(II) polypyridyl complexes containing either a linear dppn (1) or a hooked bdppz (2) benzodipyridophenazine ligand are reported, and the role of different charge-transfer states of the structural isomers in the photo-oxidation of guanine is explored. Both complexes possess characteristic metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) bands between 400 and 500 nm and emission at ca. 630 nm in an aerated aqueous solution. Transient visible absorption (TrA) spectroscopy reveals that 400 nm excitation of 1 yields a dppn-based metal-to-ligand charge-transfer (MLCT) state, which in turn populates a dppn intraligand (3IL) state. In contrast, photoexcitation of 2 results in an MLCT state on the TAP ligand and not the intercalating bdppz ligand. Both 1 and 2 bind strongly to double-stranded guanine-rich DNA with a loss of emission. Combined TrA and time-resolved infrared (TRIR) spectroscopy confirms formation of the guanine radical cation when 2 is bound to the d(G5C5)2 duplex, which is not the case when 1 is bound to the same duplex and indicates a different mechanism of action in DNA. Utilizing the long-lived triplet excited lifetime, we show good uptake and localization of 2 in live cells as well as isolated chromosomes. The observed shortening of the excited-state lifetime of 2 when internalized in cell chromosomes is consistent with DNA binding and luminescent quenching due to guanine photo-oxidation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Stitch
- School
of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland
| | - Rosie Sanders
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation
Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Igor V. Sazanovich
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation
Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Michael Towrie
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation
Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Stanley W. Botchway
- Central
Laser Facility, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Harwell Science and Innovation
Campus, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K.
| | - Susan J. Quinn
- School
of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Alajroush DR, Smith CB, Anderson BF, Oyeyemi IT, Beebe SJ, Holder AA. A Comparison of In Vitro Studies between Cobalt(III) and Copper(II) Complexes with Thiosemicarbazone Ligands to Treat Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Inorganica Chim Acta 2024; 562:121898. [PMID: 38282819 PMCID: PMC10810091 DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2023.121898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Metal complexes have gained significant attention as potential anti-cancer agents. The anti-cancer activity of [Co(phen)2(MeATSC)](NO3)3•1.5H2O•C2H5OH 1 (where phen = 1,10-phenanthroline and MeATSC = 9-anthraldehyde-N(4)-methylthiosemicarbazone) and [Cu(acetylethTSC)Cl]Cl•0.25C2H5OH 2 (where acetylethTSC = (E)-N-ethyl-2-[1-(thiazol-2-yl)ethylidene]hydrazinecarbothioamide) was investigated by analyzing DNA cleavage activity. The cytotoxic effect was analyzed using CCK-8 viability assay. The activities of caspase 3/7, 9, and 1, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, cell cycle arrest, and mitochondrial function were further analyzed to study the cell death mechanisms. Complex 2 induced a significant increase in nicked DNA. The IC50 values of complex 1 were 17.59 μM and 61.26 μM in cancer and non-cancer cells, respectively. The IC50 values of complex 2 were 5.63 and 12.19 μM for cancer and non-cancer cells, respectively. Complex 1 induced an increase in ROS levels, mitochondrial dysfunction, and activated caspases 3/7, 9, and 1, which indicated the induction of intrinsic apoptotic pathway and pyroptosis. Complex 2 induced cell cycle arrest in the S phase, ROS generation, and caspase 3/7 activation. Thus, complex 1 induced cell death in the breast cancer cell line via activation of oxidative stress which induced apoptosis and pyroptosis while complex 2 induced cell cycle arrest through the induction of DNA cleavage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Duaa R. Alajroush
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A
| | - Chloe B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A
| | - Brittney F. Anderson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of the Virgin Islands, 2 John Brewers Bay, St. Thomas, VI 00802, U.S.A
| | - Ifeoluwa T. Oyeyemi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Medical Sciences, Ondo City, Nigeria
| | - Stephen J. Beebe
- Frank Reidy Research center for Bioelectrics, Old Dominion University, 4211 Monarch Way, Suite 300, Norfolk, VA, 23508, U.S.A
| | - Alvin A. Holder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Old Dominion University 4501 Elkhorn Avenue, Norfolk, VA 23529, U.S.A
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Semionova VV, Pozdnyakov IP, Grivin VP, Eltsov IV, Vasilchenko DB, Polyakova EV, Melnikov AA, Chekalin SV, Wang L, Glebov EM. Primary processes in photophysics and photochemistry of a potential light-activated anti-cancer dirhodium complex. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2024; 23:153-162. [PMID: 38066379 DOI: 10.1007/s43630-023-00509-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Photophysics and photochemistry of a potential light-activated cytotoxic dirhodium complex [Rh2(µ-O2CCH3)2(bpy)(dppz)](O2CCH3)2, where bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, dppz = dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine (Complex 1 or Rh2) in aqueous solutions was studied by means of stationary photolysis and time-resolved methods in time range from hundreds of femtoseconds to microseconds. According to the literature, Complex 1 demonstrates both oxygen-dependent (due to singlet oxygen formation) and oxygen-independent cytotoxicity. Photoexchange of an acetate ligand to a water molecule was the only observed photochemical reaction, which rate was increased by oxygen removal from solutions. Photoexcitation of Complex 1 results in the formation of the lowest triplet electronic excited state, which lifetime is less than 10 ns. This time is too short for diffusion-controlled quenching of the triplet state by dissolved oxygen resulting in 1O2 formation. We proposed that singlet oxygen is produced by photoexcitation of weakly bound van der Waals complexes [Rh2…O2], which are formed in solutions. If this is true, no oxygen-independent light-induced cytotoxicity of Complex 1 exists. Residual cytotoxicity deaerated solutions are caused by the remaining [Rh2…O2] complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veronica V Semionova
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan P Pozdnyakov
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Vjacheslav P Grivin
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Ilia V Eltsov
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Danila B Vasilchenko
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Evgeniya V Polyakova
- Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
| | - Alexei A Melnikov
- Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Department of Physics, High School of Economy, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergei V Chekalin
- Institute of Spectroscopy, Russian Academy of Sciences, Troitsk, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Lei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Evgeni M Glebov
- Voevodsky Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Saeed HK, Jarman PJ, Sreedharan S, Mowll R, Auty AJ, Chauvet AAP, Smythe CGW, de la Serna JB, Thomas JA. From Chemotherapy to Phototherapy - Changing the Therapeutic Action of a Metallo-Intercalating Ru II -Re I Luminescent System by Switching its Sub-Cellular Location. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202300617. [PMID: 37013945 PMCID: PMC10946911 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202300617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a new heterodinuclear ReI RuII metallointercalator containing RuII (dppz) and ReI (dppn) moieties is reported. Cell-free studies reveal that the complex has similar photophysical properties to its homoleptic M(dppz) analogue and it also binds to DNA with a similar affinity. However, the newly reported complex has very different in-cell properties to its parent. In complete contrast to the homoleptic system, the RuII (dppz)/ReI (dppn) complex is not intrinsically cytotoxic but displays appreciable phototoxic, despite both complexes displaying very similar quantum yields for singlet oxygen sensitization. Optical microscopy suggests that the reason for these contrasting biological effects is that whereas the homoleptic complex localises in the nuclei of cells, the RuII (dppz)/ReI (dppn) complex preferentially accumulates in mitochondria. These observations illustrate how even small structural changes in metal based therapeutic leads can modulate their mechanism of action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiwa K. Saeed
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| | - Paul J. Jarman
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS10 2TNUK
| | - Sreejesh Sreedharan
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
- School of Human ScienceUniversity of DerbyDerbyDE22 1GBUK
| | - Rachel Mowll
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS10 2TNUK
| | | | | | - Carl G. W. Smythe
- Department of Biomedical ScienceUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS10 2TNUK
| | - Jorge Bernardino de la Serna
- Faculty of MedicineNational Heart and Lung InstituteImperial CollegeLondonSW7 2AZUK
- Central Laser FacilityRutherford Appleton LaboratoryMRC-Research Complex at Harwell Science and Technology Facilities CouncilHarwellOX11 0FAUK
| | - Jim A. Thomas
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS3 7HFUK
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Loreto D, Esposito A, Demitri N, Guaragna A, Merlino A. Digging into protein metalation differences triggered by fluorine containing-dirhodium tetracarboxylate analogues. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:7294-7304. [DOI: 10.1039/d2dt00873d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic and biological properties of dirhodium tetracarboxylates ([Rh2(μ-O2CR)4L2], L=axial ligand, R=CH3-, CH3CH2-, etc) largely depend on the nature of the bridging carboxylate equatorial μ-O2CR ligands, which can be easily exchanged...
Collapse
|
6
|
Loftus LM, Olson EC, Stewart DJ, Phillips AT, Arumugam K, Cooper TM, Haley JE, Grusenmeyer TA. Zn Coordination and the Identity of the Halide Ancillary Ligand Dramatically Influence the Excited-State Dynamics and Bimolecular Reactions of 2,3-Di(pyridin-2-yl)benzo[ g]quinoxaline. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:16570-16583. [PMID: 34662517 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of coordination complexes with ligands containing nitrogen heterocycles have been extensively studied for decades. One subclass of these materials, metal complexes utilizing substituted pyrazines and quinoxalines as ligands, has been employed in a variety of photochemical applications ranging from photodynamic therapy to organic light-emitting diodes. A vast majority of this work focuses on characterization of the metal-to-ligand charge-transfer states in these metal complexes; however, literature reports rarely investigate the photophysics of the parent pyrazine or quinoxaline ligand or perform control experiments utilizing metal complexes that lack low-lying charge-transfer (CT) states in order to determine how metal-atom coordination influences the photophysical properties of the ligand. With this in mind, we examined the steady-state and time-resolved photophysics of 2,3-di(pyridin-2-yl)benzo[g]quinoxaline (dpb) and explored how the coordination of ZnX2 (X = Cl-, Br-, I-) affects the photophysical properties of dpb. In dpb, we find that the dominant mode of deactivation from the singlet excited state is intersystem crossing (ISC). Coordination of ZnX2 perturbs the relative energies of the ππ* and nπ* excited states of dpb, leading to drastically different rates of ISC as well as radiative and nonradiative decay in the [Zn(dpb)X2] complexes compared to dpb. These differences in the rates change the dominant singlet-excited-state decay pathway from ISC in dpb to a mixture of ISC and fluorescence in [Zn(dpb)Cl2] and [Zn(dpb)Br2] and to nonradiative decay in [Zn(dpb)I2]. Coordination of ZnX2 and the choice of the halide ligand also have profound effects on the rate constants for excited-state bimolecular reactions, including triplet-triplet annihilation and oxygen quenching. These results demonstrate that metal coordination, even in complexes lacking low-lying CT states, and the choice of the ancillary ligand can dramatically alter the photophysical properties of chromophores containing nitrogen heterocycles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren M Loftus
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States.,General Dynamics Information Technology, 5100 Springfield Pike, Dayton, Ohio 45431, United States
| | - Emma C Olson
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States.,Southwestern Ohio Council for Higher Education, Dayton, Ohio 45420, United States
| | - David J Stewart
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| | - Alexis T Phillips
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States.,Southwestern Ohio Council for Higher Education, Dayton, Ohio 45420, United States
| | - Kuppuswamy Arumugam
- Wright State University, Department of Chemistry, 3640 Colonel Glenn Highway, Dayton, Ohio 45435, United States
| | - Thomas M Cooper
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| | - Joy E Haley
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| | - Tod A Grusenmeyer
- Materials and Manufacturing Directorate, Functional Materials Division, Air Force Research Laboratory, Wright-Patterson AFB, Ohio 45433-7750, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Lin S, Turro C. Dirhodium Complexes as Panchromatic Sensitizers, Electrocatalysts, and Photocatalysts. Chemistry 2021; 27:5379-5387. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaoyang Lin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State University 100 W. 18th Ave. Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry The Ohio State University 100 W. 18th Ave. Columbus OH 43210 USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Li J, Chen T. Transition metal complexes as photosensitizers for integrated cancer theranostic applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
9
|
da Silva CF, Ramos LCB, Rohrabaugh TN, Vandevord JM, da Silva RS, Turro C, Nikolaou S. Exploring the structure of a ruthenium acetate cluster for biological purposes. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2020.107810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
10
|
Millet A, Xue C, Song E, Turro C, Dunbar KR. Synthetic Strategies for Trapping the Elusive trans-Dirhodium(II,II) Formamidinate Isomer: Effects of Cis versus Trans Geometry on the Photophysical Properties. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:2255-2265. [PMID: 31999106 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cis- and trans-dirhodium(II,II) complexes cis-[Rh2(μ-DTolF)2(μ-np)(MeCN)4][BF4]2 (1; DTolF = N,N'-di-p-tolylformamidinate and np = 1,8-naphthyridine), cis- and trans-[Rh2(μ-DTolF)2(μ-qxnp)(MeCN)3][BF4]2 [2 and 3, respectively, where qxnp = 2-(1,8-naphthyridin-2-yl)quinoxaline], and trans-[Rh2(μ-DTolF)2(μ-qxnp)2][BF4]2 (4) were synthesized and characterized. A new synthetic methodology was developed that consists of the sequential addition of π-accepting axially blocking ligands to favor formation of the first example of a bis-substituted formamidinate-bearing trans product. Isolation of the intermediates 2 and 3 provides insight into the mechanistic requirements for obtaining 4 and the cis analogue, cis-[Rh2(μ-DTolF)2(μ-qxnp)2][BF4]2 (5). Density functional theory calculations provide support for the synthetic mechanism and proposed intermediates. The metal/ligand-to-ligand charge-transfer (ML-LCT) absorption maximum of the trans complex 4 at 832 nm is red-shifted by 1173 cm-1 and exhibits shorter lifetimes of the 1ML-LCT and 3ML-LCT excited states, 3 ps and 0.40 ns, respectively, compared to those of the cis analogue 5. The shorter excited-state lifetimes of 4 are attributed to the longer Rh-Rh bond of 2.4942(8) Å relative to that in 5, 2.4498(2) Å. A longer metal-metal bond reflects a decreased overlap of the Rh atoms, which leads to more accessible metal-centered excited states for radiationless deactivation. The 3ML-LCT excited states of 4 and 5 undergo reversible bimolecular charge transfer with the electron donor p-phenylenediamine when irradiated with low-energy light. These results indicate that trans isomers are a source of unexplored tunability for potential p-type semiconductor applications and, given their distinct geometric arrangement, constitute useful building blocks for supramolecular architectures with potentially interesting photophysical properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Agustin Millet
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Congcong Xue
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Ellen Song
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , The Ohio State University , Columbus , Ohio 43210 , United States
| | - Kim R Dunbar
- Department of Chemistry , Texas A&M University , College Station , Texas 77843 , United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Felder PS, Keller S, Gasser G. Polymetallic Complexes for Applications as Photosensitisers in Anticancer Photodynamic Therapy. ADVANCED THERAPEUTICS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adtp.201900139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patrick S. Felder
- Chimie ParisTechPSL UniversityCNRSInstitute of Chemistry for Life and Health SciencesLaboratory for Inorganic Chemical BiologyF‐75005 Paris France
| | - Sarah Keller
- Chimie ParisTechPSL UniversityCNRSInstitute of Chemistry for Life and Health SciencesLaboratory for Inorganic Chemical BiologyF‐75005 Paris France
| | - Gilles Gasser
- Chimie ParisTechPSL UniversityCNRSInstitute of Chemistry for Life and Health SciencesLaboratory for Inorganic Chemical BiologyF‐75005 Paris France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Liu L, Bilal M, Duan X, Iqbal HMN. Mitigation of environmental pollution by genetically engineered bacteria - Current challenges and future perspectives. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 667:444-454. [PMID: 30833243 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.02.390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Industries are the paramount driving force for the economic and technological development of society. However, the flourishing industrialization and unimpeded growth of current production unit's result in widespread environmental pollution due to increased discharge of wastes loaded with baleful, hazardous, and carcinogenic contaminants. Physicochemical-based remediation means are costly, create a secondary disposal problem and remain inadequate for pollution mitigating because of the continuous emergence of new recalcitrant pollutants. Due to eco-friendly, social acceptance, and lesser health hazards, microbial bioremediation has received considerable global attention for pollution abatement. Moreover, with the recent advancement in biotechnology and microbiology, genetically engineered bacteria with high ability to remove environmental pollutants are widely used in the fields of environmental restoration, resulting in the bioremediation in a more viable and eco-friendly way. This review summarized the advantages of genetically engineered bacteria and their application in the treatment of a wide variety of environmental contaminants such as synthetic dyestuff, heavy metal, petroleum hydrocarbons, polychlorinated biphenyls, phenazines and agricultural chemicals which will include herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers. Considering the risk of genetic material exchange by using genetically engineered bacteria, the challenges and limitations associated with the application of recombinant bacteria on contaminated sites are also discussed. An integrated microbiological, biological and ecological acquaintance accompanied by field engineering designs are the desired features for effective in situ bioremediation of hazardous waste polluted sites by recombinant bacteria.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lina Liu
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huaian 223003, China.
| | - Xuguo Duan
- College of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210037, China
| | - Hafiz M N Iqbal
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Campus Monterrey, Ave. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N.L. CP 64849, Mexico.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Liang J, Levina A, Jia J, Kappen P, Glover C, Johannessen B, Lay PA. Reactivity and Transformation of Antimetastatic and Cytotoxic Rhodium(III)–Dimethyl Sulfoxide Complexes in Biological Fluids: An XAS Speciation Study. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:4880-4893. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Liang
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Aviva Levina
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Junteng Jia
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Peter Kappen
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Chris Glover
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Bernt Johannessen
- Australian Synchrotron, ANSTO, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Peter A. Lay
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Berndt JP, Radchenko Y, Becker J, Logemann C, Bhandari DR, Hrdina R, Schreiner PR. Site-selective nitrenoid insertions utilizing postfunctionalized bifunctional rhodium(ii) catalysts. Chem Sci 2019; 10:3324-3329. [PMID: 30996919 PMCID: PMC6429793 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc05733h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 02/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a new strategy for the preparation of dirhodium(ii) complexes with the general formula Rh2(A)4 that allows the isolation of a dirhodium tetracarboxylate complex with a free amino group available for postfunctionalization. The postfunctionalization of this complex enables the incorporation of a variety of functional groups, including double and triple bonds as well as nucleophilic moieties, thus paving the way to new classes of polymeric as well as bifunctional catalysts, and polymetallic complexes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that a urea containing dirhodium(ii) complex enables site-selective nitrenoid insertions by remote hydrogen bonding control.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan-Philipp Berndt
- Justus Liebig University , Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany . ;
| | - Yevhenii Radchenko
- Justus Liebig University , Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany . ;
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Christian Logemann
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Dhaka R Bhandari
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany
| | - Radim Hrdina
- Justus Liebig University , Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany . ;
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Justus Liebig University , Institute of Organic Chemistry , Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 , 35392 Giessen , Germany . ;
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Binita Chanu S, Raza MDK, Banerjee S, Mina PR, Musib D, Roy M. ROS dependent antitumour activity of photo-activated iron(III) complexes of amino acids. J CHEM SCI 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-018-1584-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
16
|
Abstract
As a rare element with no known natural biological function, rhodium has a limited history in biological chemistry and chemical biology. However, rhodium complexes have unique structure and reactivity attributes, and chemists have increasingly used these attributes to probe and perturb living systems. This brief review focuses on recent advances in the use of rhodium complexes in biological contexts, including medicinal chemistry, protein science, and chemical biology. In particular, we highlight both structure- and reactivity-driven approaches to biological probes and discuss how coordination environment affects molecular properties in a biological environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ohata
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, 6100 Main St., Houston, Texas, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Yi X, Liu B, Chen K, Chen W, Chen W. Unbridged Rh(ii)–Rh(ii) complexes of N-heterocyclic carbenes and reactions with O2 to form dirhodium(μ–η1:η1-O2) complexes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3835-3839. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt00421a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Dimeric rhodium(ii) [Rh(L)(CH3CN)]2(PF6)4 and rhodium(iii) peroxide [Rh(L)(PPh3)]2(μ–η1:η1-O2)(PF6)4 and [Rh(L)(PCy3)]2(μ–η1:η1-O2)(PF6)4 (L = bis(N-pyridylimidazolylidenyl)methane) were reported.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Yi
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310007
- China
| | - Bin Liu
- Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Noble Metal Catalytic Materials and Technology
- Hangzhou
- China
| | - Kai Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310007
- China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310007
- China
| | - Wanzhi Chen
- Department of Chemistry
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310007
- China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Rohrabaugh TN, Collins KA, Xue C, White JK, Kodanko JJ, Turro C. New Ru(ii) complex for dual photochemotherapy: release of cathepsin K inhibitor and 1O 2 production. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:11851-11858. [PMID: 29741184 DOI: 10.1039/c8dt00876k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A new complex, [Ru(tpy)(dppn)(Cbz-Leu-NHCH2CN)]2+ (1, tpy = 2,2':6',2''-terpyridine, dppn = benzo[i]dipyrido[3,2-a:2',3'-c]phenazine) was synthesized and its photochemical properties were investigated. This complex undergoes photorelease of the Cbz-Leu-NHCH2CN ligand, a known cathepsin K inhibitor, with a quantum yield, Φ450, of 0.0012(4) in water (λirr = 450 nm). In addition, 1 sensitizes the production of singlet oxygen upon visible light irradiation with quantum yield, ΦΔ, of 0.64(3) in CH3OH. The photophysical properties of 1 were compared with those of [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(Cbz-Leu-NHCH2CN)]2+ (2, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine), [Ru(tpy)(dppn)(CH3CN)]2+ (3), and [Ru(tpy)(bpy)(CH3CN)]2+ (4) to evaluate the effect of the release of the Cbz-Leu-NHCH2CN inhibitor relative to the CH3CN ligand, as well as the role of dppn as the bidentate ligand for 1O2 production instead of bpy. Nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy confirms the formation of the long-lived dppn-centered 3ππ* state in 1 and 3 with a maximum at ∼540 nm and τ ∼20 μs in deaerated acetonitrile. Complexes 1 and 3 are able to cause photoinduced damage to DNA (λirr ≥ 395 nm), whereas 2 and 4 do not photocleave DNA under similar experimental conditions. These results suggest that 1 is a promising agent for dual activity, both releasing a drug and producing singlet oxygen, and is poised to exhibit enhanced biological activity in phototochemotherapy upon irradiation with visible light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas N Rohrabaugh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Frei A, Mokolokolo PP, Bolliger R, Braband H, Tsosane MS, Brink A, Roodt A, Alberto R. Self-Assembled Multinuclear Complexes Incorporating 99m Tc. Chemistry 2018; 24:10397-10402. [PMID: 29672957 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201800600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Multinuclear complexes or clusters are rarely investigated in medicinal inorganic chemistry although they represent structural intermediates between molecules and nanomaterials. We present in this report two strategies towards 99m Tc-containing clusters. In a pre-assembly approach, the preformed but incomplete cluster fragment [Re3 (μ2 -OH)3 (μ3 -OH)(CO)9 ]- reacts with [99m Tc(CO)3 ]+ to the highly stable [99m TcRe3 (μ3 -OH)4 (CO)12 ] cube. The same structure self-assembles when reacting the mononuclear Re and 99m Tc precursors in one pot. Integrating the coordinating OH groups from Schiff bases in this concept leads straight to dinuclear, mixed-metal complexes of the type [99m TcRe(μ2 -O^N-R1 )2 (CO)6 ] in quantitative yields. Both strategies are unprecedented and open a future path towards clusters, incorporating a 99m Tc radiolabel while being decorated with targeting or cytotoxic moieties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angelo Frei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pennie P Mokolokolo
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Robin Bolliger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Henrik Braband
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Mampotso S Tsosane
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Alice Brink
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Andreas Roodt
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Roger Alberto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstr. 190, CH-8057, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Keane PM, Kelly JM. Transient absorption and time-resolved vibrational studies of photophysical and photochemical processes in DNA-intercalating polypyridyl metal complexes or cationic porphyrins. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
21
|
Zhao Q, Bilal M, Yue S, Hu H, Wang W, Zhang X. Identification of biphenyl 2, 3-dioxygenase and its catabolic role for phenazine degradation in Sphingobium yanoikuyae B1. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2017; 204:494-501. [PMID: 28930694 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.09.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Revised: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 09/08/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Phenazines are important nitrogen-containing secondary metabolites that display a range of biological functionalities. However, these compounds have shown lethal effects on humans and, the fate of phenazine in the ecosystem remains uncertain. In this study, we investigated that Sphingobium yanoikuyae B1 could utilize phenazine as a sole carbon source for growth. Intermediate produced during phenazine degradation was purified and identified as 1, 2-dihydrogen 1, 2-dihydroxy phenazine. Biphenyl 2, 3-dioxygenase was determined to be the initial dioxygenase for phenazine degradation through gene cloning and whole cell transformation techniques. Phenazine was converted to 1, 2-dihydrogen 1, 2-dihydroxy phenazine through hydrogenation and hydroxylation, which then transformed to 2-hydroxy phenazine through spontaneous dehydration. ThebphA1fA2f, were evidenced to be the only genes encoding the initial dioxygenase for phenazine degradation. BphB (dihydrodiol dehydrogenase) and BphC (2,3-dihydroxybiphenyl 1,2-dioxygenase) did not exhibit any 1, 2-dihydrogen 1, 2-dihydroxy phenazine and 1, 2-dihydroxy phenazine degradation capability, suggesting no contribution in phenazine degradation. Phylogenetic analysis of the dioxygenases demonstrated enormous biodegradation potential in strain B1. In conclusion, this study opens up new possibilities in better understanding the phenazine degradation in the environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shengjie Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Hongbo Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; National Experimental Teaching Center for Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xuehong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Tawfik SA, Cui XY, Ringer SP, Stampfl C. TDDFT Study of the Optical Excitation of Nucleic Acid Bases-C 60 Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:9058-9063. [PMID: 29111726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b07442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The potential of C60 as a nucleic acid base (NAB) optical sensor is theoretically explored. We investigate the adsorption of four NABs, namely, adenine, cytosine, guanine, and thymine, on C60 in the gas phase. For the optimal NAB@C60 adsorption configurations, obtained using a dispersion-corrected density functional, we calculate the vis-near-ultraviolet optical response using time-dependent density functional theory. While the isolated C60 and NAB molecules do not exhibit visible optical excitation, we find that C60/NAB conjugation gives rise to distinct spectral features in the visible range. These results suggest that C60 conjugation can be applied for photodetection of individual NABs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - C Stampfl
- School of Physics, The University of Sydney , Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Dual Photoreactivity of a New Rh 2(II,II) Complex for Biological Applications. Inorganica Chim Acta 2016; 454:149-154. [PMID: 30026633 DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A new Rh2(II,II) complex containing one dppn (benzo[i]dipyrido[3,2-a:2,3-c]phenazine) ligand with an extended π-system, cis-H,H-[Rh2(OCCH3NH)2(dppn)(CH3CN)2]2+ (2), was synthesized and characterized. The dppn ligand, which serves as a DNA base pair intercalator, chelates to a single Rh center and is positioned trans to the amidato N atoms of the bridging acetamide ligand. This ligand also possesses a low-lying dppn-centered 3ππ* state that is advantageous for the sensitization of singlet oxygen (1O2), which complex 2 produced with a quantum yield, Φ 1O2460, of 0.22(7) with 460 nm excitation. In addition, one equivalent of CH3CN is released from 2 upon irradiation with visible light, generating cis-H,H-[Rh2(OCCH3NH)2(dppn)(H2O)(CH3CN)]2+ in aqueous media with photoinduced ligand exchange quantum yield, ΦLE450, of 0.0033(1). Thermal denaturation and relative viscosity studies are consistent with a π-stacking interaction of 2 with double-stranded DNA together with covalent binding to the duplex upon irradiation with visible light. Therefore, 2 exhibits dual photoreactivity towards DNA, making it potentially useful for photochemotherapy with enhanced activity relative to compounds able to achieve only one mode of cell death upon irradiation.
Collapse
|
24
|
Knoll JD, Albani BA, Turro C. Excited state investigation of a new Ru(II) complex for dual reactivity with low energy light. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 51:8777-80. [PMID: 25912170 DOI: 10.1039/c5cc01865j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The new complex [Ru(tpy)(Me2dppn)(py)](2+) efficiently photodissociates py in CH3CN with Φ500 = 0.053(1) induced by steric bulk from methyl substituents and produces (1)O2 with ΦΔ = 0.69(9) from its long-lived (3)ππ* excited state. The unique excited state processes that result in dual reactivity were investigated using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J D Knoll
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
White TA, Dunbar KR, Thummel RP, Turro C. Electronic influences of bridging and chelating diimine ligand coordination in formamidinate-bridged Rh2(II,II) dimers. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
|
26
|
Adam R, Bilbao-Ramos P, Abarca B, Ballesteros R, González-Rosende ME, Dea-Ayuela MA, Estevan F, Alzuet-Piña G. Triazolopyridopyrimidines: an emerging family of effective DNA photocleavers. DNA binding. Antileishmanial activity. Org Biomol Chem 2015; 13:4903-17. [PMID: 25812028 DOI: 10.1039/c5ob00280j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Triazolopyridopyrimidines 3-phenyl-6,8-di(2-pyridyl)-[1,2,3]triazolo[5',1':6,1]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1a), 6,8-di(pyridin-2-yl)-[1,2,3]triazolo[1',5':1,6]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1b) and 3-methyl-6,8-di(2-pyridyl)-[1,2,3]triazolo[5',1':6,1]pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidine (1c) were prepared and their electrochemical and luminescence properties were studied in depth. The DNA binding ability of this series of compounds has been investigated by means of UV-vis absorption and fluorescence titrations, steady-state emission quenching with ferrocyanide as well as viscosity measurements. Results have shown that triazolopyridopyrimidine 1a interacts strongly at DNA grooves. This compound also displays preferential binding to GC-rich sequences and the ability to photooxidize guanine. Moreover, these studies have revealed the key role of the phenyl substituent at the triazole ring in the binding affinity of 1a-c. Compounds 1b and 1c did not show appreciable propensity for DNA binding, however these triazolopyridopyrimidines demonstrated to present photoinduced DNA cleavage activity, 1b being more active than 1c. DNA photocleavage mediated by these compounds takes place mainly through single strand scission events and, in a minor extent, through double strand cuts. Mechanistic investigations using radical scavengers showed that both 1b and 1c generate reactive oxygen species (singlet oxygen, superoxide and hydroxyl radicals) upon irradiation. Both type I and type II mechanisms are involved in the photocleavage process. Furthermore, compounds 1a-c were tested for their antiprotozoal activity against four different Leishmania spp. (L. infantum, L. braziliensis, L. guyanensis and L. amazonensis). Triazolopyridopyrimidines 1a and 1c resulted to be more active and selective than the reference drug (miltefosine) in vitro against L. infantum amastigotes. Compound 1a exhibited high leishmanicidal activity against L. infantum spleen forms in the in vivo test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Adam
- Departament de Química Orgànica, Facultat de Farmàcia, Universitat de València, Av. Vicent Andrés Estellés s/n, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Knoll JD, Turro C. Control and utilization of ruthenium and rhodium metal complex excited states for photoactivated cancer therapy. Coord Chem Rev 2015; 282-283:110-126. [PMID: 25729089 PMCID: PMC4343038 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 315] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The use of visible light to produce highly selective and potent drugs through photodynamic therapy (PDT) holds much potential in the treatment of cancer. PDT agents can be designed to follow an O2-dependent mechanism by producing highly reactive species such as 1O2 and/or an O2 independent mechanism through processes such as excited state electron transfer, covalent binding to DNA or photoinduced drug delivery. Ru(II)-polypyridyl and Rh2(II,II) complexes represent an important class of compounds that can be tailored to exhibit desired photophysical properties and photochemical reactivity by judicious selection of the ligand set. Complexes with relatively long-lived excited states and planar, intercalating ligands localize on the DNA strand and photocleave DNA through 1O2 production or guanine oxidation by the excited state of the chromophore. Photoinduced ligand substitution occurs through the population of triplet metal centered (3MC) excited states and facilitates covalent binding of the metal complex to DNA in a mode similar to cisplatin. Ligand photodissociation also provides a route to selective drug delivery. The ability to construct metal complexes with desired light absorbing and excited state properties by ligand variation enables the design of PDT agents that can potentially provide combination therapy from a single metal complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica D. Knoll
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Banik B, Somyajit K, Nagaraju G, Chakravarty AR. Oxovanadium(iv) catecholates of terpyridine bases for cellular imaging and photocytotoxicity in red light. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra02687j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
|
29
|
Peña B, Barhoumi R, Burghardt RC, Turro C, Dunbar KR. Confocal fluorescence microscopy studies of a fluorophore-labeled dirhodium compound: visualizing metal-metal bonded molecules in lung cancer (A549) cells. J Am Chem Soc 2014; 136:7861-4. [PMID: 24854400 PMCID: PMC4063186 DOI: 10.1021/ja503774m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The new dirhodium compound [Rh2(μ-O2CCH3)2(η(1)-O2CCH3)(phenbodipy)(H2O)3][O2CCH3] (1), which incorporates a bodipy fluorescent tag, was prepared and studied by confocal fluorescence microscopy in human lung adenocarcinoma (A549) cells. It was determined that 1 localizes mainly in lysosomes and mitochondria with no apparent nuclear localization in the 1-100 μM range. These results support the conclusion that cellular organelles rather than the nucleus can be targeted by modification of the ligands bound to the Rh2(4+) core. This is the first study of a fluorophore-labeled metal-metal bonded compound, work that opens up new venues for the study of intracellular distribution of dinuclear transition metal anticancer complexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Peña
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Rola Barhoumi
- Department
of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas
A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Robert C. Burghardt
- Department
of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas
A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio
State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Kim R. Dunbar
- Department
of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Adonin SA, Abramov PA, Uskov SI. Crystal structure of Ir(III) complexes with 1,10-phenanthroline: K[Ir(phen)Cl4]·H2O and (Me4N)[Ir(phen)Cl4]. J STRUCT CHEM+ 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0022476614030184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
31
|
Palmer AM, Burya SJ, Gallucci JC, Turro C. Photoinduced Intercalation and Coordination of a Dirhodium Complex to DNA: Dual DNA Binding. ChemMedChem 2014; 9:1260-5. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201402004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
32
|
Banik B, Somyajit K, Hussain A, Nagaraju G, Chakravarty AR. Carbohydrate-appended photocytotoxic (imidazophenanthroline)-oxovanadium(iv) complexes for cellular targeting and imaging. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:1321-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52087k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
|
33
|
Li Z, Leed NA, Dickson-Karn NM, Dunbar KR, Turro C. Directional charge transfer and highly reducing and oxidizing excited states of new dirhodium(ii,ii) complexes: potential applications in solar energy conversion. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52366g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
|
34
|
Chartrand D, Hanan GS. Rhodium Amidinate Dimers as Structural and Functional Hubs for Multimetallic Assemblies. Inorg Chem 2013; 53:624-36. [DOI: 10.1021/ic4024585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Chartrand
- Department
of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1J4 Canada
| | - Garry S. Hanan
- Department
of Chemistry, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Quebec, H3T 1J4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Li Z, Burya SJ, Turro C, Dunbar KR. Photochemistry and DNA photocleavage by a new unsupported dirhodium(II,II) complex. PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS. SERIES A, MATHEMATICAL, PHYSICAL, AND ENGINEERING SCIENCES 2013; 371:20120128. [PMID: 23776291 DOI: 10.1098/rsta.2012.0128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The new complex [Rh2(phen)2(CH3CN)6](BF4)4 (1) was synthesized and characterized in solution and its crystal structure was determined. Irradiation of 1 with visible light (λirr>590 nm) in water results in the release of two equatorial CH3CN ligands, CH3CNeq, as well as in the formation of mononuclear radical Rh(II) fragments stemming from the homolytic photocleavage of the metal-metal bond. The photoproducts, identified by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, include [Rh(phen)(CH3CN)(OH)](+) and [Rh(phen)(CH3CN)(H2O)3(BF4)](+). The quantum yield for the photochemical transformation of 1 in H2O exceeds unity (Φ550 nm=1.38) indicative of dark reactions following the initial photoprocess. DNA photocleavage was observed for 1 (λirr>590 nm), whereas the complex is unreactive in the dark. This feature makes 1 a promising photodynamic therapy agent that does not operate via the production of singlet oxygen, 1O2.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhanyong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Joyner JC, Cowan JA. Target-directed catalytic metallodrugs. Braz J Med Biol Res 2013; 46:465-85. [PMID: 23828584 PMCID: PMC3854446 DOI: 10.1590/1414-431x20133086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2013] [Accepted: 03/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Most drugs function by binding reversibly to specific biological targets, and therapeutic effects generally require saturation of these targets. One means of decreasing required drug concentrations is incorporation of reactive metal centers that elicit irreversible modification of targets. A common approach has been the design of artificial proteases/nucleases containing metal centers capable of hydrolyzing targeted proteins or nucleic acids. However, these hydrolytic catalysts typically provide relatively low rate constants for target inactivation. Recently, various catalysts were synthesized that use oxidative mechanisms to selectively cleave/inactivate therapeutic targets, including HIV RRE RNA or angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE). These oxidative mechanisms, which typically involve reactive oxygen species (ROS), provide access to comparatively high rate constants for target inactivation. Target-binding affinity, co-reactant selectivity, reduction potential, coordination unsaturation, ROS products (metal-associated vs metal-dissociated; hydroxyl vs superoxide), and multiple-turnover redox chemistry were studied for each catalyst, and these parameters were related to the efficiency, selectivity, and mechanism(s) of inactivation/cleavage of the corresponding target for each catalyst. Important factors for future oxidative catalyst development are 1) positioning of catalyst reduction potential and redox reactivity to match the physiological environment of use, 2) maintenance of catalyst stability by use of chelates with either high denticity or other means of stabilization, such as the square planar geometric stabilization of Ni- and Cu-ATCUN complexes, 3) optimal rate of inactivation of targets relative to the rate of generation of diffusible ROS, 4) targeting and linker domains that afford better control of catalyst orientation, and 5) general bio-availability and drug delivery requirements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J C Joyner
- Evans Laboratory of Chemistry, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
|
38
|
Leung CH, Zhong HJ, Chan DSH, Ma DL. Bioactive iridium and rhodium complexes as therapeutic agents. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2013.01.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
39
|
Balaji B, Somyajit K, Banik B, Nagaraju G, Chakravarty AR. Photoactivated DNA cleavage and anticancer activity of oxovanadium(IV) complexes of curcumin. Inorganica Chim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2013.02.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
40
|
Goswami TK, Gadadhar S, Karande AA, Chakravarty AR. Photocytotoxic ferrocene-appended (l-tyrosine)copper(II) complexes of phenanthroline bases. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2012.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
|
41
|
Poteet SA, Majewski MB, Breitbach ZS, Griffith CA, Singh S, Armstrong DW, Wolf MO, MacDonnell FM. Cleavage of DNA by Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer to a Photoexcited, Hydrated Ru(II) 1,10-Phenanthroline-5,6-dione Complex. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:2419-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ja3106863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steven A. Poteet
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019, United States
| | - Marek B. Majewski
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1,
Canada
| | - Zachary S. Breitbach
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019, United States
| | - Cynthia A. Griffith
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019, United States
| | - Shreeyukta Singh
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019, United States
| | - Daniel W. Armstrong
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019, United States
| | - Michael O. Wolf
- Department
of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z1,
Canada
| | - Frederick M. MacDonnell
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, Texas
76019, United States
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Li Z, Chifotides HT, Dunbar KR. Unprecedented partial paddlewheel dirhodium methyl isocyanide compounds with unusual structural and electronic properties: a comprehensive experimental and theoretical study. Chem Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc51641e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
|
43
|
Wang J, Newman J, Higgins SLH, Brewer KM, Winkel BSJ, Brewer KJ. Red-Light-Induced Inhibition of DNA Replication and Amplification by PCR with an Os/Rh Supramolecule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012; 52:1262-5. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201207083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
|
44
|
Wang J, Newman J, Higgins SLH, Brewer KM, Winkel BSJ, Brewer KJ. Red-Light-Induced Inhibition of DNA Replication and Amplification by PCR with an Os/Rh Supramolecule. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201207083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
|
45
|
Basu U, Khan I, Koley D, Saha S, Kondaiah P, Chakravarty AR. Nuclear targeting terpyridine iron(II) complexes for cellular imaging and remarkable photocytotoxicity. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 116:77-87. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2012] [Revised: 06/02/2012] [Accepted: 06/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
|
46
|
Wang J, Zigler DF, Hurst N, Othee H, Winkel BS, Brewer KJ. A new, bioactive structural motif: Visible light induced DNA photobinding and oxygen independent photocleavage by RuII, RhIII bimetallics. J Inorg Biochem 2012; 116:135-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2012.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2012] [Revised: 06/27/2012] [Accepted: 06/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
|
47
|
Burya SJ, Palmer AM, Gallucci JC, Turro C. Photoinduced Ligand Exchange and Covalent DNA Binding by Two New Dirhodium Bis-Amidato Complexes. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:11882-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ic3017886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Scott J. Burya
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United
States
| | - Alycia M. Palmer
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United
States
| | - Judith C. Gallucci
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United
States
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United
States
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Goswami TK, Gadadhar S, Roy M, Nethaji M, Karande AA, Chakravarty AR. Ferrocene-Conjugated Copper(II) Complexes of l-Methionine and Phenanthroline Bases: Synthesis, Structure, and Photocytotoxic Activity. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om201102k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tridib K. Goswami
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Sudarshan Gadadhar
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Mithun Roy
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Munirathinam Nethaji
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Anjali A. Karande
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Akhil R. Chakravarty
- Department of Inorganic and Physical Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Gill MR, Thomas JA. Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes and DNA--from structural probes to cellular imaging and therapeutics. Chem Soc Rev 2012; 41:3179-92. [PMID: 22314926 DOI: 10.1039/c2cs15299a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 622] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In the last few decades, coordination complexes based on d(6) metal centres and polypyridyl ligand architectures been developed as structure- and site-specific reversible DNA binding agents. Due to their attractive photophysical properties, much of this research has focused on complexes based on ruthenium(II) centres and, more recently, attention has turned to the use of these complexes in biological contexts. As the rules that govern the cellular uptake and cellular localisation of such systems are determined they are finding numerous applications ranging from imaging to therapeutics. This review illustrates how the interdisciplinary nature of this research-which takes in synthetic chemistry, biophysical and in cellulo studies-makes this an exciting area in which an array of further applications are likely to emerge.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Martin R Gill
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Chakravarty AR, Roy M. Photoactivated DNA Cleavage and Anticancer Activity of 3d Metal Complexes. PROGRESS IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/9781118148235.ch3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|