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Fang Y, Wang L, Xu W, Ou Z, Chen M, Cong L, Shan W, Ke X, Kadish KM. Spectral, Electrochemical, and ESR Characterization of Manganese Tetraarylporphyrins Containing Four β,β'-Pyrrole Fused Butano and Benzo Groups in Nonaqueous Media. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2576-2587. [PMID: 30721029 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two series of β,β'-pyrrole butano- and benzo-substituted mangenese(III) tetraarylporphyrins were synthesized and characterized with regard to their spectral and electrochemical properties. The investigated compounds have the general formula butano(Ar)4PorMnCl and benzo(Ar)4PorMnCl, where Por is the dianion of the porphyrin and Ar is a p-CH3Ph, Ph or p-ClPh group on each of the four meso-positions of the macrocycle. Each manganese(III) butano- or benzoporphyrin was examined in CH2Cl2 and/or pyridine containing 0.1 M tetra- n-butylammonium perchlorate and the data then were compared to that of the parent tetraarylporphyrins having the same meso-substituents. Up to four reductions are observed for each compound, the first being metal-centered to generate a Mn(II) porphyrin, and the second and third being porphyrin ring-centered to give a Mn(II) porphyrin π-anion radical and dianion, respectively. The one-electron reduced manganese porphyrins have an ESR spectrum with signals at g⊥= 5.6-5.8 and g// = 2.0, indicating a mixture of the four- and five-coordinated Mn(II) complexes in a high-spin state (3d5, S = 5/2, I = 5/2). Data from cyclic voltammetry and spectroelectrochemistry both suggest that formation of the porphyrin dianion is followed by a chemical reaction at the electrode surface to give an electroactive phlorin anion. The effects of solvent and porphyrin substituents on ultraviolet-visible light (UV-vis) spectra, redox potentials, and electron transfer mechanisms are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Weijie Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China
| | - Zhongping Ou
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Mingyuan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Jiangsu University , Zhenjiang , 212013 , China.,Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Lei Cong
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Wenqian Shan
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Xiangyi Ke
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
| | - Karl M Kadish
- Department of Chemistry , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-5003 , United States
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Zhang J, Tang M, Chen D, Lin B, Zhou Z, Liu Q. Horizontal and Vertical Push Effects in Saddled Zinc Porphyrin Complexes: Implications for Heme Distortion. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2627-2636. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinjin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Min Tang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Dilong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Binghua Lin
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Zaichun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
| | - Qiuhua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical Organic Chemistry and Functional Molecules, Ministry of Education, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China
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Ye L, Fang Y, Ou Z, Wang L, Xue S, Sun J, Kadish KM. Electrochemistry of zinc tetraarylporphyrins containing fused butano and benzo groups. Effect of solvent and substituents on spectra, potentials and mechanism in nonaqueous media. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424618501067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Two series of zinc tetraarylporphyrins containing four [Formula: see text],[Formula: see text]′-pyrrole fused butano or benzo groups were synthesized and characterized as to their electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties in nonaqueous media. The examined compounds are represented as butano(Ar)4PorZn and benzo(Ar)4PorZn, where Por is the porphyrin dianion and Ar is a [Formula: see text]-CH3Ph, Ph or [Formula: see text]-ClPh substitutent on [Formula: see text]-positions of the macrocycle. Each Zn(II) butano- and benzoporphyrin undergoes two one-electron reductions to give a [Formula: see text]-anion radical and dianion in CH2Cl2. In contrast, three reductions were observed for the benzoporphyrin derivatives in pyridine, the third of which is assigned as electron addition to a benzophlorin anion generated from the doubly reduced benzoporphyrin. Two overlapped one-electron oxidations were observed for the butanoporphyrins in CH2Cl2, a result not previously observed for any other zinc porphyrin. The electrochemically measured HOMO-LUMO gap of the benzoporphyrins ranges from 1.89 to 1.90 V in CH2Cl2 and from 1.93 to 1.95 V in pyridine. Both values are smaller than the gaps of butanoporphyrins at 2.11-2.13 V in CH2Cl2 and 2.07.2.09 V in pyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Ye
- College of Computer, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, P. R. China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Zhongping Ou
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA
| | - Songlin Xue
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, P. R. China
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, USA
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Xu W, Fang Y, Ou Z, Chen M, Kadish KM. Synthesis, electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical characterization of iron(III) tetraarylporphyrins containing four β,β′-butano and β,β′-benzo fused rings. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2018. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424618500517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Six iron(III) tetraarylporphyrins containing four [Formula: see text]-butano or [Formula: see text]-benzo fused rings were synthesized and characterized by electrochemistry and spectroelectrochemistry in nonaqueous media. The examined compounds are represented as butano(TpYPP)FeCl and benzo(TpYPP)FeCl, where TpYPP is a dianion of the meso-substituted porphyrin, Y is a CH[Formula: see text], H or Cl substituent on the para-position of the four meso-phenyl rings and butano and benzo are the [Formula: see text]-substituents on each of the four pyrrole rings of the compound. Up to three reductions are observed for each Fe(III) butano- and benzoporphyrin in CH[Formula: see text]Cl[Formula: see text] or pyridine containing 0.1 M TBAP, the first of which is assigned in each case to a metal-centered electron transfer. The second reduction is also metal-centered in CH[Formula: see text]Cl[Formula: see text] and leads to formation of an Fe(I) porphyrin, but it is porphyrin ring-centered and gives an Fe(II) porphyrin [Formula: see text]-anion radical reduction product when pyridine is used as the solvent. The effects of the solvent and type of fused ring system (butano or benzo) on the UV-vis spectra and electrochemical properties of the Fe(III) porphyrins are discussed and comparisons are made to both the structurally related non-[Formula: see text]-substituted iron porphyrins and earlier described butano- or benzotetraarylporphyrins containing Cu(II) or Co(II) central metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijie Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Yuanyuan Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
| | - Zhongping Ou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003, USA
| | - Mingyuan Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, 212013, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003, USA
| | - Karl M. Kadish
- Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77204-5003, USA
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Yao Z, Schulz CE, Zhan N, Li J. Iron(II) Bis(imidazole) Derivatives of a Binuclear Porphyrin Model: Crystal Structures and Mössbauer Properties. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:12615-12624. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Yao
- College of Materials
Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi
Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Charles E. Schulz
- Department of Physics, Knox College, Galesburg, Illinois 61401, United States
| | - Nana Zhan
- College of Materials
Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi
Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- College of Materials
Science and Optoelectronic Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yanqi
Lake, Huairou District, Beijing 101408, China
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Idec A, Pawlicki M, Latos-Grażyński L. Ruthenium(II) and Ruthenium(III) Complexes of p-Benziporphyrin: Merging Equatorial and Axial Organometallic Coordination. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:10337-10352. [PMID: 28809478 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b01237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A diamagnetic ruthenium(II) complex of 5,10,15,20-tetraphenyl-p-benziporphyrin [RuII(p-BzP)(CO)Cl] was obtained via the insertion of ruthenium into p-benziporphyrin using triruthenium(0) dodecacarbonyl [Ru3(CO)12] as the metal source. The procedure applying dichloro(cycloocta-1,5-diene)ruthenium(II) (polymer, [Ru(COD)Cl2]n) afforded the paramagnetic six-coordinate ruthenium(III) p-benziporphyrin [RuIII(p-BzP)Cl2]. As shown by X-ray crystallography, the p-phenylene ring in both complexes is sharply tilted out of the N3 plane, as reflected by the respective N3 (pyrrole)-C6 (p-phenylene) dihedral angle [RuII(p-BzP)(CO)Cl, 52.5°; RuIII(p-BzP)Cl2, 53.7°]. p-Phenylene is bound to the ruthenium cation in an η2 fashion, revealing the shortest ever Ru-C distance in the series of p-benziporphyrin complexes [RuII(p-BzP)(CO)Cl, 2.275(2) Å; RuIII(p-BzP)Cl2, 2.324(5) Å]. The reaction of RuII(p-BzP)(CO)Cl with ArMgCl or AlkMgCl results in the formation of diamagnetic six-coordinate ruthenium(II) p-benziporphyrin complexes containing the apically coordinated σ-alkyl or σ-aryl ligands, where the metal ion simultaneously coordinates to three carbon centers respectively accommodating η2 (phenylene) and σ (aryl and alkyl) modes. Reactions of σ-aryl (alkyl) carbanions with paramagnetic RuIII(p-BzP)Cl2 have been followed by 1H NMR spectroscopy. The procedure afforded the six-coordinate paramagnetic ruthenium(III) p-benziporphyrin [RuIII(p-BzP)(Ph)Cl], which binds one σ-aryl ligand, as reflected by the characteristic 1H NMR spectra spread within the +120 to -120 ppm range. Both paramagnetic complexes RuIII(p-BzP)(Ph)Cl and RuIII(p-BzP)(p-Tol)Cl are formed as a mixture of two stereoisomers differentiated by two nonequivalent locations of σ-aryl with respect to the puckered macrocyclic ring. The paramagnetic shifts of σ-aryls are indicative of π-spin delocalization patterns. Analysis of the contact shifts and parallel density functional theory calculations of the spin density distribution in RuIII(p-BzP)Cl2, RuIII(p-BzP)(Ar)Cl, and RuIII(p-BzP)(Alk)Cl reflect the features of the dxy2(dxzdyz)3 electronic ground state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Idec
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław , 14 F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Miłosz Pawlicki
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław , 14 F. Joliot-Curie Street, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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Białek MJ, Latos-Grażyński L. Palladium(II), Ruthenium(II), and Ruthenium(III) Complexes of 23-Thiaazuliporphyrin: The Case of Coordination-Induced Contraction. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:1758-69. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michał J. Białek
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wrocław, F.
Joliot-Curie 14, 50-383 Wrocław, Poland
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8
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Borgogno A, Rastrelli F, Bagno A. Predicting the spin state of paramagnetic iron complexes by DFT calculation of proton NMR spectra. Dalton Trans 2015; 43:9486-96. [PMID: 24823843 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00671b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Many transition-metal complexes easily change their spin state S in response to external perturbations (spin crossover). Determining such states and their dynamics can play a central role in the understanding of useful properties such as molecular magnetism or catalytic behavior, but is often far from straightforward. In this work we demonstrate that, at a moderate computational cost, density functional calculations can predict the correct ground spin state of Fe(ii) and Fe(iii) complexes and can then be used to determine the (1)H NMR spectra of all spin states. Since the spectral features are remarkably different according to the spin state, calculated (1)H NMR resonances can be used to infer the correct spin state, along with supporting the structure elucidation of numerous paramagnetic complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Borgogno
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche, Università di Padova, via Marzolo, 1 - 35131 Padova, Italy.
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Li Y, de Kock C, Smith PJ, Chibale K, Smith GS. Synthesis and Evaluation of a Carbosilane Congener of Ferroquine and Its Corresponding Half-Sandwich Ruthenium and Rhodium Complexes for Antiplasmodial and β-Hematin Inhibition Activity. Organometallics 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/om500622p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Carmen de Kock
- Division
of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, K45, OMB, Groote
Schuur Hospital, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Peter J. Smith
- Division
of Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, K45, OMB, Groote
Schuur Hospital, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute
of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- South
African Medical Research Council Drug Discovery and Development Research
Unit, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Gregory S. Smith
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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Austeria MP, Pancharatna PD, Balakrishnarajan MM. Electronic Origin of Out-of-Plane Distortions in Porphyrins. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Li Y, de Kock C, Smith PJ, Guzgay H, Hendricks DT, Naran K, Mizrahi V, Warner DF, Chibale K, Smith GS. Synthesis, Characterization, and Pharmacological Evaluation of Silicon-Containing Aminoquinoline Organometallic Complexes As Antiplasmodial, Antitumor, and Antimycobacterial Agents. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om300945c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiqun Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Carmen de Kock
- Division of Pharmacology, Department
of Medicine, University of Cape Town, K45,
OMB, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Peter J. Smith
- Division of Pharmacology, Department
of Medicine, University of Cape Town, K45,
OMB, Groote Schuur Hospital, Observatory 7925, South Africa
| | - Hajira Guzgay
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department
of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Denver T. Hendricks
- Division of Medical Biochemistry, Department
of Clinical and Laboratory Sciences, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Krupa Naran
- MRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research
Unit, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease
and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Valerie Mizrahi
- MRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research
Unit, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease
and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Digby F. Warner
- MRC/NHLS/UCT Molecular Mycobacteriology Research
Unit, DST/NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical TB Research, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease
and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Kelly Chibale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
- Institute of Infectious Disease
and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
| | - Gregory S. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cape Town, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa
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Gheidi M, Safari N, Zahedi M. Effect of Axial Ligand on the Electronic Configuration, Spin States, and Reactivity of Iron Oxophlorin. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:7094-102. [DOI: 10.1021/ic202527u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mahin Gheidi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid
Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, 19839-63113, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasser Safari
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid
Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, 19839-63113, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansour Zahedi
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid
Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, 19839-63113, Tehran, Iran
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