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McKenzie ECR, Hosseini S, Petro AGC, Rudman KK, Gerroll BHR, Mubarak MS, Baker LA, Little RD. Versatile Tools for Understanding Electrosynthetic Mechanisms. Chem Rev 2021; 122:3292-3335. [PMID: 34919393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Electrosynthesis is a popular, green alternative to traditional organic methods. Understanding the mechanisms is not trivial yet is necessary to optimize reaction processes. To this end, a multitude of analytical tools is available to identify and quantitate reaction products and intermediates. The first portion of this review serves as a guide that underscores electrosynthesis fundamentals, including instrumentation, electrode selection, impacts of electrolyte and solvent, cell configuration, and methods of electrosynthesis. Next, the broad base of analytical techniques that aid in mechanism elucidation are covered in detail. These methods are divided into electrochemical, spectroscopic, chromatographic, microscopic, and computational. Technique selection is dependent on predicted reaction pathways and electrogenerated intermediates. Often, a combination of techniques must be utilized to ensure accuracy of the proposed model. To conclude, future prospects that aim to enhance the field are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric C R McKenzie
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Seyyedamirhossein Hosseini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, 315 South 1400 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, United States
| | - Ana G Couto Petro
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Kelly K Rudman
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Benjamin H R Gerroll
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | | | - Lane A Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 East Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - R Daniel Little
- Department of Chemistry, University of California Santa Barbara, Building 232, Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
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2
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Yoshida J, Yamazaki K, Tateyama K, Yuge H, Sato H. Chiroptical switching behavior of heteroleptic ruthenium complexes bearing acetylacetonato and tropolonato ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:14611-14617. [PMID: 34605516 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02592a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four types of tris-chelate ruthenium complexes bearing acetylacetonato (acac) and tropolonato (trop) ligands were synthesized and optically resolved into Δ and Λ isomers: [Ru(acac)3] (Ru-0), [Ru(acac)2(trop)] (Ru-1), [Ru(acac)(trop)2] (Ru-2), and [Ru(trop)3] (Ru-3). Chiral HPLC chromatograms, electronic circular dichroism (ECD), and vibrational circular dichroism (VCD) of the four ruthenium complexes were systematically investigated. As a result, the absolute configurations of the newly prepared enantiomeric complexes Ru-2 and Ru-3 were determined. For the case of Ru-2, its absolute configuration was also confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. The ECD changes upon chemical oxidation were further investigated for the four complexes. An ECD change in enantiomeric Ru-1 was observed upon oxidation, but the oxidized species soon returned to the neutral state within a few minutes. Enantiomers of Ru-3 also showed explicit ECD changes upon oxidation. Further, the lifetime of the oxidized state was the longest among the four investigated complexes, whereas they racemized in solution at room temperature. In contrast, the enantiomers of heteroleptic complexes (Ru-1 and Ru-2) concurrently exhibited ECD changes, relatively long lifetime of the oxidized state, and nil or quite slow racemization behavior. The coexistence of acac and trop ligands was key to making the competing factors compatible in the resultant ruthenium complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, College of Humanities & Sciences, Nihon University, 3-25-40 Sakurajosui, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 156-8550, Japan.
| | - Kana Yamazaki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato Minami-ku, Sagamihara, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kazunori Tateyama
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato Minami-ku, Sagamihara, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yuge
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato Minami-ku, Sagamihara, 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hisako Sato
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-chou, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
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Kumari M, Bera SK, Lahiri GK. Noninnocence of the deprotonated 1,2-bis((1 H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)hydrazine bridge in diruthenium frameworks - a function of co-ligands. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:9891-9903. [PMID: 34196336 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01488a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
The article deals with the sensitive electronic forms in accessible redox states of structurally and spectroscopically authenticated deprotonated 1,2-bis((1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)hydrazine (H2LR, R = H) or 1,2-bis((3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)hydrazine (H2LR, R = Me), a BODIPY analogue bridged diruthenium complex as a function of varying ancillary ligands. It involved rac-(acac)2RuIII(μ-LR 2-)RuIII(acac)21a, R = H; 1b, R = Me (S = 1, acac = acetylacetonate), rac-[(bpy)2RuII(μ-L2-)RuII(bpy)2](ClO4)2 [2](ClO4)2 (S = 0, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) and diastereomeric [(pap)2RuII(μ-L2-)RuII(pap)2](ClO4)2meso-[3a](ClO4)2/rac-[3b](ClO4)2 (S = 0, pap = phenylazopyridine). The crystal structure established the linkage of the conjugated -C5[double bond, length as m-dash]N2-N3[double bond, length as m-dash]C6- central unit with the two terminal deprotonated pyrrole units of coordinated L2-. The bridging L2- in 1a, 1b, [2](ClO4)2, [3b](ClO4)2 and [3a](ClO4)2 was slightly twisted and planar with torsional angles of 41.54°, 42.91°, 37.38°, 35.33° and 0°, respectively, with regard to the central N2-N3 bond. The extent of twisting of the bridge followed an inverse relationship with the RuRu separation: 4.935/4.934 Å 1a/1b < 5.141 Å [2](ClO4)2 < 5.201 Å [3b](ClO4)2 < 5.351 Å [3a](ClO4)2. This is also attributed to the intermolecular ππ/CHπ interactions between the nearby aromatic rings of L and bpy or pap in [2](ClO4)2 or [3](ClO4)2, respectively. The multiple redox steps of the complexes varied appreciably based on the σ-donating (acac) and π-acidic (bpy, pap) characteristics of the ancillary ligands. Experimental (structure, EPR) and theoretical (DFT) evaluation pertaining to the electronic forms of 1n, 2n and 3n demonstrated the preferential involvement of L based frontier orbitals in electron transfer processes even in combination with the redox facile ruthenium ion. This in turn highlighted its redox non-innocent feature as in the case of well-documented metal coordinated quinonoid, formazanate, diimine (bpy), azo (pap) and β-diketiminate functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maya Kumari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Sudip Kumar Bera
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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Bera SK, Mondal S, Hazari AS, Priego JL, Jiménez‐Aparicio R, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Three Bis‐BODIPY Analogous Diruthenium Redox Series: Characterization and Electronic Structure Analysis. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:2532-2543. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.202000326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Kumar Bera
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sudipta Mondal
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 D-70550 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Arijit Singha Hazari
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - José Luis Priego
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria E-28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Reyes Jiménez‐Aparicio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica Facultad de Ciencias QuímicasUniversidad Complutense de Madrid Ciudad Universitaria E-28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische ChemieUniversität Stuttgart Pfaffenwaldring 55 D-70550 Stuttgart Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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Yoshida J, Tateyama K, Yuge H. Tris(tropolonato) ruthenium as a hub for connecting π-conjugated systems. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:2102-2111. [PMID: 32025681 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt04860j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this study, the intramolecular electronic communication between π-conjugated moieties bridged by the tris-chelate [Ru(trop)3] (trop = tropolonate) framework has been investigated and compared with [Ru(acac)3] (acac = acetylacetonate) derivatives. Two types of π-conjugated groups, -C2SiMe3 and -C2Ph, which were each introduced at the 5-position of tropolonate, were found to behave almost independently in the resultant ruthenium complexes. In contrast, the cyclic voltammetry study of [Ru(trop)3] derivatives showed a clear decrease in ΔE, the difference in the potentials of the two redox couples, with an increase in the number of π-conjugated groups introduced into the [Ru(trop)3] framework. The lower ΔE values observed in [Ru(trop)3] derivatives compared to those in [Ru(acac)3] derivatives illustrated the non-innocent behavior of the tropolonate ligand, i.e., the mixing between the metal- and ligand-based frontier orbitals. This orbital mixing was exemplified in the oxidized [Ru(trop)3] derivatives, which showed a broad near-infrared (NIR) absorption. The increase in the red shift of the NIR absorption with the increasing number of terminal groups indicated intramolecular electronic communication between the terminal π-conjugated moieties. In contrast, no NIR absorption was observed upon oxidation of [Ru(acac)3] derivatives with -C2Ph groups. The lifetimes of the in situ formed [Ru(trop)3]+ and [Ru(acac)3]+ in acetonitrile solution were found to be several hours and minutes, respectively. Density functional theory calculations for [Ru(trop)3] and [Ru(acac)3] with terminal -C2Ph groups demonstrated that the spin densities in their mono-oxidized states were evenly distributed over the entire molecular framework and localized mainly on one ligand, respectively. These results confirmed that the mono-oxidized [Ru(trop)3]+ framework can behave as a hub and induce moderate intramolecular electronic communication between terminal π-conjugated groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University, 1-15-1 Kitasato Minami-ku, Sagamihara, 252-0373, Japan.
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Dutta D, Kundu S, Ghosh P. A Diruthenium Complex of an N-Pyridyl-o-aminophenol Derivative: A Route to Mixed Valency. Chemistry 2019; 25:14901-14911. [PMID: 31411776 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
An N-pyridyl-o-aminophenol derivative that stabilises mixed-valence states of ruthenium ions is disclosed. A diruthenium complex, [(LIQ 0 )Ru2 Cl5 ]⋅MeOH (1⋅MeOH) is successfully isolated, in which LIQ 0 is the o-iminobenzoquinone form of 2-[(3-nitropyridin-2-yl)amino]phenol (LAP H2 ). In 1, LIQ 0 oriented towards one ruthenium centre is a non-innocent NO-donor redox ligand, whereas another oriented towards another ruthenium centre is an innocent pyridine-donor redox ligand. Complex 1 is a diruthenium(II,III) mixed-valence complex, [RuII (LIQ 0 )(μ-Cl)2 RuIII ], with a minor contribution from the diruthenium(III,III) state. [RuIII (LISQ .- )(μ-Cl)2 RuIII ] contains LISQ .- , which is the o-iminobenzosemiquinonate anion radical form of the ligand. Complexes 1- and 1+ are diruthenium(II,II), [RuII (LIQ 0 )(μ-Cl)2 RuII ], and diruthenium(III,III), [RuIII (LIQ 0 )(μ-Cl)2 RuIII ], complexes, respectively, of LIQ 0 . Complex 12- is a diruthenium(II,II) complex of the o-iminobenzosemiquinonate anion radical (LISQ .- ), [RuII (LISQ .- )(μ-Cl)2 RuII ], with a minor contribution from the diruthenium(III,II) form, [RuIII (LAP 2- )(μ-Cl)2 RuII ]. Complex 12+ is a diruthenium(III,IV) mixed-valence complex of LIQ 0 , [RuIII (LIQ 0 )(μ-Cl)2 RuIV ]. Complexes 1 and 12+ exhibit inter-valence charge-transfer transitions at λ=1300 and 1370 nm, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarpan Dutta
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata, 700103, West Bengal, India
| | - Suman Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata, 700103, West Bengal, India
| | - Prasanta Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, R. K. Mission Residential College, Narendrapur, Kolkata, 700103, West Bengal, India
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Haiduc I. Review. Inverse coordination. Organic nitrogen heterocycles as coordination centers. A survey of molecular topologies and systematization. Part 2. Six-membered rings. J COORD CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00958972.2019.1670349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ionel Haiduc
- Facultatea de Chimie, Universitatea Babeş-Bolyai, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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8
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Kumar Bera S, Panda S, Baksi SD, Kumar Lahiri G. Redox Non‐Innocence and Isomer‐Specific Oxidative Functionalization of Ruthenium‐Coordinated β‐Ketoiminate. Chem Asian J 2019; 14:4236-4245. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sudip Kumar Bera
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sanjib Panda
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Sourajit Dey Baksi
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of ChemistryIndian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai Mumbai 400076 India
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9
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Bibi N, de Arruda EGR, Domingo A, Oliveira AA, Galuppo C, Phung QM, Orra NM, Béron F, Paesano A, Pierloot K, Formiga ALB. Switching the Spin-Crossover Phenomenon by Ligand Design on Imidazole–Diazineiron(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14603-14616. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naheed Bibi
- Institute of Chemistry University of Campinas—UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | | | - Alex Domingo
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | | | - Carolina Galuppo
- Institute of Chemistry University of Campinas—UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Quan Manh Phung
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Naíma Mohammed Orra
- Institute of Chemistry University of Campinas—UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Fanny Béron
- Institute of Physics Gleb Wataghin, University of Campinas—UNICAMP, Rua Sérgio Buarque de Holanda 777, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-859, Brazil
| | | | - Kristine Pierloot
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - André Luiz Barboza Formiga
- Institute of Chemistry University of Campinas—UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-970, Brazil
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Khan FF, Klein J, Priego JL, Sarkar B, Jiménez-Aparicio R, Lahiri GK. Questions of Noninnocence and Ease of Azo Reduction in Diruthenium Frameworks with a 1,8-Bis((E)-phenyldiazenyl)naphthalene-2,7-dioxido Bridge. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:12800-12810. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farheen Fatima Khan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Johannes Klein
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - José Luis Priego
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Reyes Jiménez-Aparicio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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11
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Tripathy SK, van der Meer M, Sahoo A, Laha P, Dehury N, Plebst S, Sarkar B, Samanta K, Patra S. A dinuclear [{(p-cym)Ru(II)Cl}2(μ-bpytz˙(-))](+) complex bridged by a radical anion: synthesis, spectroelectrochemical, EPR and theoretical investigation (bpytz = 3,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)1,2,4,5-tetrazine; p-cym = p-cymene). Dalton Trans 2018; 45:12532-8. [PMID: 27435992 DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01995a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The reaction of the chloro-bridged dimeric precursor [{(p-cym)Ru(II)Cl}(μ-Cl)]2 (p-cym = p-cymene) with the bridging ligand 3,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazolyl)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (bpytz) in ethanol results in the formation of the dinuclear complex [{(p-cym)Ru(II)Cl}2(μ-bpytz˙(-))](+), [1](+). The bridging tetrazine ligand is reduced to the anion radical (bpytz˙(-)) which connects the two Ru(II) centres. Compound [1](PF6) has been characterised by an array of spectroscopic and electrochemical techniques. The radical anion character has been confirmed by magnetic moment (corresponding to one electron paramagnetism) measurement, EPR spectroscopic investigation (tetrazine radical anion based EPR spectrum) as well as density functional theory based calculations. Complex [1](+) displays two successive one electron oxidation processes at 0.66 and 1.56 V versus Ag/AgCl which can be attributed to [{(p-cym)Ru(II)C}2(μ-bpytz˙(-))](+)/[{(p-cym)Ru(II)Cl}2(μ-bpytz)](2+) and [{(p-cym)Ru(II)Cl}2(μ-bpytz)](+)/[{(p-cym)Ru(III)Cl}2(μ-bpytz)](2+) processes (couples I and II), respectively. The reduction processes (couple III-couple V), which are irreversible, likely involve the successive reduction of the bridging ligand and the metal centres together with loss of the coordinated chloride ligands. UV-Vis-NIR spectroelectrochemical investigation reveals typical tetrazine radical anion containing bands for [1](+) and a strong absorption in the visible region for the oxidized form [1](2+), which can be assigned to a Ru(II) → π* (tetrazine) MLCT transition. The assignment of spectroscopic bands was confirmed by theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suman Kumar Tripathy
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar - 751007, India.
| | - Margarethe van der Meer
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anupam Sahoo
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar - 751007, India.
| | - Paltan Laha
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar - 751007, India.
| | - Niranjan Dehury
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar - 751007, India.
| | - Sebastian Plebst
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 34-36, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Kousik Samanta
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar - 751007, India.
| | - Srikanta Patra
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Bhubaneswar - 751007, India.
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12
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Hazari AS, Indra A, Lahiri GK. Mixed valency in ligand-bridged diruthenium frameworks: divergences and perspectives. RSC Adv 2018; 8:28895-28908. [PMID: 35547993 PMCID: PMC9084559 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra03206h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Emerging fundamental issues involving intramolecular electron transfer at the mixed valent diruthenium frameworks and its application prospects have been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Arindam Indra
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology (Banaras Hindu University)
- Varanasi
- India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076
- India
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13
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Khan FF, Mandal A, Klein J, Priego JL, Jiménez-Aparicio R, Sarkar B, Lahiri GK. Mixed Donor-Acceptor-Derived N
,N′
-Diarylpyrazine-2,5-dicarboxamido-Bridged Diruthenium Systems: Structures, Magnetic Properties, and Electronic Forms in Multiredox States. Eur J Inorg Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201701009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Farheen Fatima Khan
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 400076 Powai, Mumbai India
| | - Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 400076 Powai, Mumbai India
| | - Johannes Klein
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universitaet Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - José Luis Priego
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Reyes Jiménez-Aparicio
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Facultad de Ciencias Químicas; Universidad Complutense; 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie; Anorganische Chemie; Freie Universitaet Berlin; Fabeckstraße 34-36 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Bombay; 400076 Powai, Mumbai India
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14
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Cepeda J, Beobide G, Castillo O, Luque A, Pérez-Yáñez S. Structural diversity of coordination compounds derived from double-chelating and planar diazinedicarboxylate ligands. Coord Chem Rev 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.08.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Singha Hazari A, Mandal A, Beyer K, Paretzki A, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Metal–Metal Bridging Using the DPPP Dye System: Electronic Configurations within Multiple Redox Series. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:2992-3004. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arijit Singha Hazari
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Katharina Beyer
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alexa Paretzki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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16
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Yoshida J, Kuwahara K, Suzuki K, Yuge H. Long-Range Intramolecular Electronic Communication in a Trinuclear Ruthenium Tropolonate Complex. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1846-1856. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Yoshida
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kyohei Kuwahara
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Kota Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
| | - Hidetaka Yuge
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science, Kitasato University 1-15-1 Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-0373, Japan
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17
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Majumdar M, Saha S, Dutta I, Sinha A, Bera JK. Inter-ligand electronic coupling mediated through a dimetal bridge: dependence on metal ions and ancillary ligands. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:5660-5669. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt04679g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The metal–metal bond orbitals and the ancillary ligands influence inter-ligand charge transfer through the dimetal bridge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moumita Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Sayantani Saha
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Indranil Dutta
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Arup Sinha
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
| | - Jitendra K. Bera
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur
- Kanpur 208016
- India
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18
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Mandal A, Hoque MA, Grupp A, Paretzki A, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Analysis of Redox Series of Unsymmetrical 1,4-Diamido-9,10-anthraquinone-Bridged Diruthenium Compounds. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:2146-56. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai−400076, India
| | - Md Asmaul Hoque
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai−400076, India
| | - Anita Grupp
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Alexa Paretzki
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai−400076, India
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19
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Mondal P, Das A, Lahiri GK. The Electron-Rich {Ru(acac)2} Directed Varying Configuration of the Deprotonated Indigo and Evidence for Its Bidirectional Noninnocence. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:1208-18. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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20
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Mandal A, Grupp A, Schwederski B, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Noninnocently Behaving Bridging Anions of the Widely Distributed Antioxidant Ellagic Acid in Diruthenium Complexes. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:10049-57. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
| | - Anita Grupp
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Brigitte Schwederski
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
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21
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Mandal A, Grupp A, Schwederski B, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Varying Electronic Structures of Diosmium Complexes from Noninnocently Behaving Anthraquinone-Derived Bis-chelate Ligands. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:7936-44. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mandal
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Anita Grupp
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Brigitte Schwederski
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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22
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Agarwala H, Scherer TM, Mobin SM, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Bidirectional non-innocence of the β-diketonato ligand 9-oxidophenalenone (L-) in [Ru([9]aneS3)(L)(dmso)]n, [9]aneS3 = 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:3939-48. [PMID: 24448427 DOI: 10.1039/c3dt53069h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The new compound [Ru(II)([9]aneS3)(L)(dmso)]ClO4 ([]ClO4) ([9]aneS3 = 1,4,7-trithiacyclononane, HL = 9-hydroxyphenalenone, dmso = dimethylsulfoxide) has been structurally characterised to reveal almost equal C-O bond distances of coordinated L(-), suggesting a delocalised bonding situation of the β-diketonato ligand. The dmso ligand is coordinated via the sulfur atom in the native (1+) and reduced states (1 and 1-) as has been revealed by X-ray crystallography and by DFT calculations. Cyclic voltammetry of 1+ exhibits two close-lying one-electron oxidation waves at 0.77 V and 0.94 V, and two similarly close one-electron reduction processes at -1.43 V and -1.56 V versus SCE in CH2Cl2. The electronic structures of 1n in the accessible redox states have been analysed via experiments (EPR and UV-vis-NIR spectroelectrochemistry) and by DFT/TD-DFT calculations, revealing the potential for bidirectional non-innocent behaviour of coordinated L(˙/-/˙2-). Specifically, the studies establish significant involvement of L based frontier orbitals in both the oxidation and reduction processes: [([9]aneS3)(dmso)Ru(III)-L˙](3+) (1(3+)) ⇌ [([9]aneS3)(dmso)Ru(III)-L(-)](2+)/[([9]aneS3)(dmso)Ru(II)-L˙](2+) (1(2+)) ⇌ [([9]aneS3)(dmso)Ru(II)-L(-)](+) (1(+)) ⇌ [([9]aneS3)(dmso)Ru(II)-L(˙2-)] (1) ⇌ [([9]aneS3)(dmso)Ru(II)-L(3-)](-)/[([9]aneS3)(dmso)Ru(I)-L(˙2-)](-) (1-).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemlata Agarwala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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23
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Ghosh P, Ray R, Das A, Lahiri GK. Revelation of Varying Coordination Modes and Noninnocence of Deprotonated 2,2′-Bipyridine-3,3′-diol in {Os(bpy)2} Frameworks. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:10695-707. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501852a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ritwika Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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24
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Mondal P, Agarwala H, Jana RD, Plebst S, Grupp A, Ehret F, Mobin SM, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Sensitivity of a Strained C–C Single Bond to Charge Transfer: Redox Activity in Mononuclear and Dinuclear Ruthenium Complexes of Bis(arylimino)acenaphthene (BIAN) Ligands. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:7389-403. [DOI: 10.1021/ic500730m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Hemlata Agarwala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Rahul Dev Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sebastian Plebst
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Anita Grupp
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Fabian Ehret
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Basic
Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 452017, India
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut
für Anorganische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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25
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Mandal A, Agarwala H, Ray R, Plebst S, Mobin SM, Priego JL, Jiménez-Aparicio R, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Sensitivity of the valence structure in diruthenium complexes as a function of terminal and bridging ligands. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:6082-93. [PMID: 24896222 DOI: 10.1021/ic500452h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The compounds [(acac)2Ru(III)(μ-H2L(2-))Ru(III)(acac)2] (rac, 1, and meso, 1') and [(bpy)2Ru(II)(μ-H2L(•-))Ru(II)(bpy)2](ClO4)3 (meso, [2](ClO4)3) have been structurally, magnetically, spectroelectrochemically, and computationally characterized (acac(-) = acetylacetonate, bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, and H4L = 1,4-diamino-9,10-anthraquinone). The N,O;N',O'-coordinated μ-H2L(n-) forms two β-ketiminato-type chelate rings, and 1 or 1' are connected via NH···O hydrogen bridges in the crystals. 1 exhibits a complex magnetic behavior, while [2](ClO4)3 is a radical species with mixed ligand/metal-based spin. The combination of redox noninnocent bridge (H2L(0) → → → →H2L(4-)) and {(acac)2Ru(II)} → →{(acac)2Ru(IV)} or {(bpy)2Ru(II)} → {(bpy)2Ru(III)} in 1/1' or 2 generates alternatives regarding the oxidation state formulations for the accessible redox states (1(n) and 2(n)), which have been assessed by UV-vis-NIR, EPR, and DFT/TD-DFT calculations. The experimental and theoretical studies suggest variable mixing of the frontier orbitals of the metals and the bridge, leading to the following most appropriate oxidation state combinations: [(acac)2Ru(III)(μ-H2L(•-))Ru(III)(acac)2](+) (1(+)) → [(acac)2Ru(III)(μ-H2L(2-))Ru(III)(acac)2] (1) → [(acac)2Ru(III)(μ-H2L(•3-))Ru(III)(acac)2](-)/[(acac)2Ru(III)(μ-H2L(2-))Ru(II)(acac)2](-) (1(-)) → [(acac)2Ru(III)(μ-H2L(4-))Ru(III)(acac)2](2-)/[(acac)2Ru(II)(μ-H2L(2-))Ru(II)(acac)2](2-) (1(2-)) and [(bpy)2Ru(III)(μ-H2L(•-))Ru(II)(bpy)2](4+) (2(4+)) → [(bpy)2Ru(II)(μ-H2L(•-))Ru(II)(bpy)2](3+)/[(bpy)2Ru(II)(μ-H2L(2-))Ru(III)(bpy)2](3+) (2(3+)) → [(bpy)2Ru(II)(μ-H2L(2-))Ru(II)(bpy)2](2+) (2(2+)). The favoring of Ru(III) by σ-donating acac(-) and of Ru(II) by the π-accepting bpy coligands shifts the conceivable valence alternatives accordingly. Similarly, the introduction of the NH donor function in H2L(n) as compared to O causes a cathodic shift of redox potentials with corresponding consequences for the valence structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mandal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay , Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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26
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Ghosh P, Mondal P, Ray R, Das A, Bag S, Mobin SM, Lahiri GK. Significant Influence of Coligands Toward Varying Coordination Modes of 2,2′-Bipyridine-3,3′-diol in Ruthenium Complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:6094-106. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5004676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Prasenjit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ritwika Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Ankita Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Sukdev Bag
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Discipline of Chemistry, School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 452017, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai 400076, India
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27
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Schöppach A, Gnandt D, Koslowski T. Charge transfer in strongly correlated systems: an exact diagonalization approach to model Hamiltonians. J Chem Phys 2014; 140:134101. [PMID: 24712774 DOI: 10.1063/1.4869520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
We study charge transfer in bridged di- and triruthenium complexes from a theoretical and computational point of view. Ab initio computations are interpreted from the perspective of a simple empirical Hamiltonian, a chemically specific Mott-Hubbard model of the complexes' π electron systems. This Hamiltonian is coupled to classical harmonic oscillators mimicking a polarizable dielectric environment. The model can be solved without further approximations in a valence bond picture using the method of exact diagonalization and permits the computation of charge transfer reaction rates in the framework of Marcus' theory. In comparison to the exact solution, the Hartree-Fock mean field theory overestimates both the activation barrier and the magnitude of charge-transfer excitations significantly. For triruthenium complexes, we are able to directly access the interruthenium antiferromagnetic coupling strengths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Schöppach
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 23a, D-79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - David Gnandt
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 23a, D-79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
| | - Thorsten Koslowski
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Freiburg, Albertstraße 23a, D-79104 Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany
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28
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Ghosh K, Kumar S, Kumar R. Ruthenium-Nitrosyl Complexes Derived from Ligands Containing Two Carboxylate Functional Groups and Studies on the Photolability of Coordinated NO. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201301225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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29
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Das A, Agarwala H, Kundu T, Ghosh P, Mondal S, Mobin SM, Lahiri GK. Electronic structures and selective fluoride sensing features of Os(bpy)2(HL2−) and [{Os(bpy)2}2(μ-HL2−)]2+ (H3L: 5-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)-1H-imidazole-4-carboxylic acid). Dalton Trans 2014; 43:13932-47. [DOI: 10.1039/c4dt01821d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The non-innocence of coordinated HL2− in [(bpy)2Os(HL2−)]n (1n) and (2n) and their selectivity towards F− recognition were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076, India
| | - Hemlata Agarwala
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076, India
| | - Tanaya Kundu
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076, India
| | - Prabir Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076, India
| | - Sudipta Mondal
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076, India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Discipline of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Indian Institute of Technology Indore
- Indore 452017, India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai-400076, India
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30
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Kundu T, Schweinfurth D, Sarkar B, Mondal TK, Fiedler J, Mobin SM, Puranik VG, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Strong metal-metal coupling in mixed-valent intermediates [Cl(L)Ru(μ-tppz)Ru(L)Cl]+, L = β-diketonato ligands, tppz = 2,3,5,6-tetrakis(2-pyridyl)pyrazine. Dalton Trans 2013; 41:13429-40. [PMID: 23007666 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt31763j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Five diruthenium(II) complexes [Cl(L)Ru(μ-tppz)Ru(L)Cl] (1-5) containing differently substituted β-diketonato derivatives (1: L = 2,4-pentanedionato; 2: L = 3,5-heptanedionato; 3: L = 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionato; 4: L = 3-methyl-2,4-pentanedionato; 5: L = 3-ethyl-2,4-pentanedionato) as ancillary ligands (L) were synthesized and studied by spectroelectrochemistry (UV-Vis-NIR, electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR)). X-ray structural characterisation revealed anti (1, 2, 5) or syn (3) configuration as well as non-planarity of the bis-tridentate tppz bridge and strong dπ(Ru(II)) → π*(pyrazine, tppz) back-bonding. The widely separated one-electron oxidation steps, Ru(II)Ru(II)/Ru(II)Ru(III) and Ru(II)Ru(III)/Ru(III)Ru(III), result in large comproportionation constants (K(c)) of ≥10(10) for the mixed-valent intermediates. The syn-configurated (n) exhibits a particularly high K(c) of 10(12) for n = 1+, accompanied by density functional theory (DFT)-calculated minimum Ru-N bond lengths for this Ru(II)Ru(III) intermediate. The electrogenerated mixed-valent states 1(+)-5(+) exhibit anisotropic EPR spectra at 110 K with average values <g> of 2.304-2.234 and g anisotropies Δg = g(1)-g(3) of 0.82-0.99. Metal-to-metal charge transfer (MMCT) absorptions occur for 1(+)-5(+) in the NIR region at 1660 nm-1750 nm (ε ≈ 2700 dm(3) mol(-1) cm(-1), Δν(1/2) ≈ 1800 cm(-1)). DFT calculations of 1(+) and 3(+) yield comparable Mulliken spin densities of about 0.60 for the metal ions, corresponding to valence-delocalised situations (Ru(2.5))(2). Rather large spin densities of about -0.4 were calculated for the tppz bridges in 1(+) and 3(+). The calculated electronic interaction values (V(AB)) for 1(+)-5(+) are about 3000 cm(-1), comparable to that for the Creutz-Taube ion at 3185 cm(-1). The DFT calculations predict that the Ru(III)Ru(III) forms in 1(2+)-5(2+) prefer a triplet (S = 1) ground state with ΔE (S = 0 - S = 1) ∼5000 cm(-1). One-electron reduction takes place at the tppz bridge which results in species [Cl(L)Ru(II)(μ-tppz˙(-))Ru(II)(L)Cl](-) (1˙(-)-3˙(-), 5˙(-)) which exhibit free radical-type EPR signals and NIR transitions typical of the tppz radical anion. The system 4(n) is distinguished by lability of the Ru-Cl bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanaya Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India.
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31
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Wu S, Shao J, Kang H, Yao J, Zhong Y. Substituent and Solvent Effects on the Electrochemical Properties and Intervalence Transfer in Asymmetric Mixed‐Valent Complexes Consisting of Cyclometalated Ruthenium and Ferrocene. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:2843-50. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Si‐Hai Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China) http://zhongyuwu.iccas.ac.cn/
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 (P.R. China)
| | - Jiang‐Yang Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China) http://zhongyuwu.iccas.ac.cn/
| | - Hong‐Wei Kang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China) http://zhongyuwu.iccas.ac.cn/
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China) http://zhongyuwu.iccas.ac.cn/
| | - Yu‐Wu Zhong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190 (P.R. China) http://zhongyuwu.iccas.ac.cn/
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093 (P.R. China)
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32
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Mondal P, Ehret F, Bubrin M, Das A, Mobin SM, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. A Diruthenium Complex of a “Nindigo” Ligand. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:8467-75. [DOI: 10.1021/ic400390b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Prasenjit Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai
400076, India
| | - Fabian Ehret
- Institut
für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martina Bubrin
- Institut
für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Amit Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai
400076, India
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Discipline of Chemistry, School
of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Indore, Indore 452017, India
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut
für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai
400076, India
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33
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Supramolecular compounds constructed from Keggin anions and metal–organic complex cations of 3-aminopyrazine-2-carboxylic acid. J INCL PHENOM MACRO 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10847-013-0310-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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34
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35
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Das A, Kundu T, Mobin SM, Priego JL, Jiménez-Aparicio R, Lahiri GK. Influence of ancillary ligands on the electronic structure and anion sensing features of ligand bridged diruthenium complexes. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:13733-46. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt50853f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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36
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Agarwala H, Ehret F, Chowdhury AD, Maji S, Mobin SM, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Electronic structure and catalytic aspects of [Ru(tpm)(bqdi)(Cl/H2O)]n, tpm = tris(1-pyrazolyl)methane and bqdi = o-benzoquinonediimine. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:3721-34. [PMID: 23302760 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt32402d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hemlata Agarwala
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076, India
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37
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Wu SH, Shen JJ, Yao J, Zhong YW. Asymmetric mixed-valence complexes that consist of cyclometalated ruthenium and ferrocene: synthesis, characterization, and electronic-coupling studies. Chem Asian J 2012; 8:138-47. [PMID: 23112105 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201200900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Three bis-tridentate ferrocene-containing cyclometalated ruthenium complexes, [(Fcdpb)Ru(tpy)](+) (1(+)), [(Fctpy)Ru(dpb)](+) (2(+)), and [(Fcdpb)Ru(Fctpy)](+) (3(+)), have been prepared and characterized, where Fcdpb is the 2-deprotonated form of 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)-5-ferrocenylbenzene, tpy is 2,2':6',2"-terpyridine, dpb is the 2-deprotonated form of 1,3-di(2-pyridyl)benzene, and Fctpy is 4'-ferrocenyl-2,2':6',2"-terpyridine. Single crystals of compounds 2(+) and 3(+) have been studied by X-ray analysis. Complexes 1(+) and 2(+) displayed two anodic redox waves, whilst three well-separated redox couples were observed for compound 3(+). A combined experimental and computational study suggested that the ferrocene unit on the Fcdpb moiety in compounds 1(+) and 3(+) was oxidized first. In contrast, the order of the oxidation of ruthenium and ferrocene in complex 2(+) was reversed. Metal-to-metal-charge-transfer transitions (MM'CT) have been observed for the singly oxidized states 1(2+), 2(2+), and 3(2+) in the near-infrared region. Hush analysis showed that the metal-metal electronic couplings in compounds 1(2+) and 3(2+) were much stronger than those in compound 2(2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Hai Wu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Bejing 100190, People's Republic of China
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38
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Das A, Scherer TM, Mondal P, Mobin SM, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Experimental and DFT evidence for the fractional non-innocence of a β-diketonate ligand. Chemistry 2012; 18:14434-43. [PMID: 23001725 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
New compounds [Ru(pap)(2)(L)](ClO(4)), [Ru(pap)(L)(2)], and [Ru(acac)(2)(L)] (pap = 2-phenylazopyridine, L(-) = 9-oxidophenalenone, acac(-) = 2,4-pentanedionate) have been prepared and studied regarding their electron-transfer behavior, both experimentally and by using DFT calculations. [Ru(pap)(2)(L)](ClO(4)) and [Ru(acac)(2)(L)] were characterized by crystal-structure analysis. Spectroelectrochemistry (EPR, UV/Vis/NIR), in conjunction with cyclic voltammetry, showed a wide range of about 2 V for the potential of the Ru(III/II) couple, which was in agreement with the very different characteristics of the strongly π-accepting pap ligand and the σ-donating acac(-) ligand. At the rather high potential of +1.35 V versus SCE, the oxidation of L(-) into L(⋅) could be deduced from the near-IR absorption of [Ru(III)(pap)(L(⋅))(L(-))](2+). Other intense long-wavelength transitions, including LMCT (L(-) → Ru(III)) and LL/CT (pap(⋅-) → L(-)) processes, were confirmed by TD-DFT results. DFT calculations and EPR data for the paramagnetic intermediates allowed us to assess the spin densities, which revealed two cases with considerable contributions from L-radical-involving forms, that is, [Ru(III)(pap(0))(2)(L(-))](2+) ↔ [Ru(II)(pap(0))(2)(L(⋅))](2+) and [Ru(III)(pap(0))(L(-))(2)](+) ↔ [Ru(II)(pap(0))(L(⋅))(L(-))](+). Calculations of electrogenerated complex [Ru(II)(pap(⋅-))(pap(0))(L(-))] displayed considerable negative spin density (-0.188) at the bridging metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076 (India)
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39
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Roy S, Sarkar B, Imrich HG, Fiedler J, Záliš S, Jimenez-Aparicio R, Urbanos FA, Mobin SM, Lahiri GK, Kaim W. Charged, but Found “Not Guilty”: Innocence of the Suspect Bridging Ligands [RO(O)CNNC(O)OR]2– = L2– in [(acac)2Ru(μ-L)Ru(acac)2]n, n = +,0,–,2–. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:9273-81. [DOI: 10.1021/ic300809w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sayak Roy
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hans-Georg Imrich
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Jan Fiedler
- J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, CZ-18223 Prague,
Czech Republic
| | - Stanislav Záliš
- J. Heyrovský Institute
of Physical Chemistry, v.v.i., Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Dolejškova 3, CZ-18223 Prague,
Czech Republic
| | - Reyes Jimenez-Aparicio
- Departamento
de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040
Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco A. Urbanos
- Departamento
de Química
Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria, E-28040
Madrid, Spain
| | - Shaikh M. Mobin
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076,
India
| | - Goutam Kumar Lahiri
- Department
of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400076,
India
| | - Wolfgang Kaim
- Institut für Anorganische
Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring
55, D-70550 Stuttgart, Germany
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40
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Agarwala H, Scherer TM, Maji S, Mondal TK, Mobin SM, Fiedler J, Urbanos FA, Jiménez-Aparicio R, Kaim W, Lahiri GK. Correspondence of RuIIIRuII and RuIVRuIII Mixed Valent States in a Small Dinuclear Complex. Chemistry 2012; 18:5667-75. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201103618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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41
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Yang WW, Yao J, Zhong YW. Electronic Coupling in a Bis-Cyclometalated Ruthenium Complex Bridged by 3,3′,5,5′-Tetrakis(1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)biphenyl. Organometallics 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/om201112h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Wen Yang
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Jiannian Yao
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yu-Wu Zhong
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences,
CAS Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s
Republic of China
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