1
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Palion-Gazda J, Choroba K, Maroń AM, Malicka E, Machura B. Structural and Photophysical Trends in Rhenium(I) Carbonyl Complexes with 2,2':6',2″-Terpyridines. Molecules 2024; 29:1631. [PMID: 38611910 PMCID: PMC11013590 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This is the first comprehensive review of rhenium(I) carbonyl complexes with 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine-based ligands (R-terpy)-encompassing their synthesis, molecular features, photophysical behavior, and potential applications. Particular attention has been devoted to demonstrating how the coordination mode of 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (terpy-κ2N and terpy-κ3N), structural modifications of terpy framework (R), and the nature of ancillary ligands (X-mono-negative anion, L-neutral ligand) may tune the photophysical behavior of Re(I) complexes [Re(X/L)(CO)3(R-terpy-κ2N)]0/+ and [Re(X/L)(CO)2(R-terpy-κ3N)]0/+. Our discussion also includes homo- and heteronuclear multicomponent systems with {Re(CO)3(R-terpy-κ2N)} and {Re(CO)2(R-terpy-κ3N)} motifs. The presented structure-property relationships are of high importance for controlling the photoinduced processes in these systems and making further progress in the development of more efficient Re-based luminophores, photosensitizers, and photocatalysts for modern technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Palion-Gazda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland; (K.C.); (A.M.M.); (E.M.)
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland; (K.C.); (A.M.M.); (E.M.)
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2
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Palion-Gazda J, Choroba K, Penkala M, Rawicka P, Machura B. Further Insights into the Impact of Ligand-Localized Excited States on the Photophysics of Phenanthroline-Based Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1356-1366. [PMID: 38155540 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2023]
Abstract
The present work shows the pivotal role of N-donor substituents attached to 1,10-phenanthroline at the 4,7-positions in perturbation of ground- and excited-state properties of fac-[ReCl(CO)3(R2phen)]. Excited-state processes occurring upon photoexcitation in the designed systems were thoroughly explored with a wide range of steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques, including transient absorption, as well as experimental results were complemented by theoretical studies based on the density functional theory (DFT). It was demonstrated that the attachment of six-membered heterocyclic amines (piperidine─ppr, morpholine─mor, and thiomorpholine─tmor) is a very effective tool for extending absorptivity and excited-state lifetimes of resulting fac-[ReCl(CO)3(R2phen)] due to the contribution of the excited state localized on the phenanthroline-based ligand. Both absorption and emission properties of these systems were attributed to configurationally mixed MLCT/IL excited states. Re(I) complexes with phenoxazine (pxz) and phenothiazine (ptz) substituents were shown to possess charge-separated excited states, clearly evidenced by the simultaneous presence of signals typical of phen-* and pxz+* or ptz+* in transient absorption spectra. Both complexes are rare examples of NIR light-emitting coordination compounds. The decoration of the phen framework with less polar 9,9-dimethyl-9,10-dihydroacridine (dmac) groups resulted in the formation of [ReCl(CO)3(R2phen)] with mixed 3MLCT/3ILCT triplet excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Palion-Gazda
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Choroba
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Mateusz Penkala
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Patrycja Rawicka
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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Kim D, Dang VQ, Teets TS. Improved transition metal photosensitizers to drive advances in photocatalysis. Chem Sci 2023; 15:77-94. [PMID: 38131090 PMCID: PMC10732135 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc04580c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
To function effectively in a photocatalytic application, a photosensitizer's light absorption, excited-state lifetime, and redox potentials, both in the ground state and excited state, are critically important. The absorption profile is particularly relevant to applications involving solar harvesting, whereas the redox potentials and excited-state lifetimes determine the thermodynamics, kinetics, and quantum yields of photoinduced redox processes. This perspective article focuses on synthetic inorganic and organometallic approaches to optimize these three characteristics of transition-metal based photosensitizers. We include our own work in these areas, which has focused extensively on exceptionally strong cyclometalated iridium photoreductants that enable challenging reductive photoredox transformations on organic substrates, and more recent work which has led to improved solar harvesting in charge-transfer copper(i) chromophores, an emerging class of earth-abundant compounds particularly relevant to solar-energy applications. We also extensively highlight many other complementary strategies for optimizing these parameters and highlight representative examples from the recent literature. It remains a significant challenge to simultaneously optimize all three of these parameters at once, since improvements in one often come at the detriment of the others. These inherent trade-offs and approaches to obviate or circumvent them are discussed throughout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dooyoung Kim
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112 Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
| | - Vinh Q Dang
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112 Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
| | - Thomas S Teets
- University of Houston, Department of Chemistry 3585 Cullen Blvd. Room 112 Houston TX 77204-5003 USA
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4
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Choroba K, Penkala M, Palion-Gazda J, Malicka E, Machura B. Pyrenyl-Substituted Imidazo[4,5- f][1,10]phenanthroline Rhenium(I) Complexes with Record-High Triplet Excited-State Lifetimes at Room Temperature: Steric Control of Photoinduced Processes in Bichromophoric Systems. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:19256-19269. [PMID: 37950694 PMCID: PMC10685448 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Photochemical applications based on intermolecular photoinduced energy triplet state transfer require photosensitizers with strong visible absorptivity and extended triplet excited-state lifetimes. Using a bichromophore approach, two Re(I) tricarbonyl complexes with 2-(1-pyrenyl)-1H-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (pyr-imphen) and 1-(4-(methyl)phenyl)-2-(1-pyrenyl)-imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthroline (pyr-tol-imphen) showing extraordinary long triplet excited states at room temperature (>1000 μs) were obtained, and their ground- and excited-state properties were thoroughly investigated by a wide range of spectroscopic methods, including femtosecond transient absorption (fs-TA). It is worth noting that the designed [ReCl(CO)3(pyr-imphen)] (1) and [ReCl(CO)3(pyr-tol-imphen)] (2) complexes form a unique pair differing in the mutual chromophore arrangement due to introduction of a 4-(methyl)phenyl substituent into the imidazole ring at the H1-position, imposing an increase in the dihedral angle between the pyrene and {ReCl(CO)3(imphen)} chromophores. The magnitude of the electronic coupling between the pyrene and {ReCl(CO)3(imphen)} chromophores was found to be an efficient tool to tune the photophysical properties of 1 and 2. The usefulness of designed Re(I) compounds as triplet photosensitizers was successfully verified by examination of their abilities for 1O2 generation and triplet-triplet annihilation upconversion. The phosphorescence lifetimes, ∼1800 μs for 1 and ∼1500 μs for 2, are the longest lifetimes reported for Re(I) diimine carbonyl complexes in solution at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Choroba
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, Katowice 40-006, Poland
| | - Mateusz Penkala
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, Katowice 40-006, Poland
| | - Joanna Palion-Gazda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, Katowice 40-006, Poland
| | - Ewa Malicka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, Katowice 40-006, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, Katowice 40-006, Poland
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5
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Doettinger F, Yang Y, Karnahl M, Tschierlei S. Bichromophoric Photosensitizers: How and Where to Attach Pyrene Moieties to Phenanthroline to Generate Copper(I) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:8166-8178. [PMID: 37200533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Pyrene is a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and organic dye that can form superior bichromophoric systems when combined with a transition metal-based chromophore. However, little is known about the effect of the type of attachment (i.e., 1- vs 2-pyrenyl) and the individual position of the pyrenyl substituents at the ligand. Therefore, a systematic series of three novel diimine ligands and their respective heteroleptic diimine-diphosphine copper(I) complexes has been designed and extensively studied. Special attention was given to two different substitution strategies: (i) attaching pyrene via its 1-position, which occurs most frequently in the literature, or via its 2-position and (ii) targeting two contrasting substitution patterns at the 1,10-phenanthroline ligand, i.e., the 5,6- and the 4,7-position. In the applied spectroscopic, electrochemical, and theoretical methods (UV/vis, emission, time-resolved luminescence and transient absorption, cyclic voltammetry, density functional theory), it has been shown that the precise choice of the derivatization sites is crucial. Substituting the pyridine rings of phenanthroline in the 4,7-position with the 1-pyrenyl moiety has the strongest impact on the bichromophore. This approach results in the most anodically shifted reduction potential and a drastic increase in the excited state lifetime by more than two orders of magnitude. In addition, it enables the highest singlet oxygen quantum yield of 96% and the most beneficial activity in the photocatalytic oxidation of 1,5-dihydroxy-naphthalene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Doettinger
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Brauschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Yingya Yang
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Brauschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Michael Karnahl
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Brauschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefanie Tschierlei
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Brauschweig, Rebenring 31, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Photoinduced Processes in Rhenium(I) Terpyridine Complexes Bearing Remote Amine Groups: New Insights from Transient Absorption Spectroscopy. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27217147. [DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Photophysical properties of two Re(I) complexes [ReCl(CO)3(R-C6H4-terpy-κ2N)] with remote amine groups, N-methyl-piperazinyl (1) and (2-cyanoethyl)methylamine (2), were investigated. The complexes show strong absorption in the visible region corresponding to metal-to-ligand charge transfer (1MLCT) and intraligand-charge-transfer (1ILCT) transitions. The energy levels of 3MLCT and 3ILCT excited-states, and thus photoluminescence properties of 1 and 2, were found to be strongly affected by the solvent polarity. Compared to the parent chromophore [ReCl(CO)3(C6H5-terpy-κ2N)] (3), both designed complexes show significantly prolonged (by 1–2 orders of magnitude) phosphorescence lifetimes in acetonitrile and dimethylformamide, contrary to their lifetimes in less polar chloroform and tetrahydrofuran, which are comparable to those for 3. The femtosecond transient absorption (fsTA) measurements confirmed the interconversion between the 3MLCT and 3ILCT excited-states in polar solvents. In contrast, the emissive state of 1 and 2 in less polar environments is of predominant 3MLCT nature.
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Swedin RK, Healy AT, Schaffner JW, Kuzmin IA, Zatsikha YV, Nemykin VN, Blank DA. Outsourcing Intersystem Crossing without Heavy Atoms: Energy Transfer Dynamics in PyridoneBODIPY-C 60 Complexes. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:8845-8850. [PMID: 36112145 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The excited state dynamics in two fully characterized pyridoneBODIPY-fullerene complexes were investigated using time-resolved spectroscopy. Photoexcitation was initially localized on the pyridoneBODIPY chromophore. The energy was rapidly transferred to the fullerene, which subsequently underwent ISC to form a triplet state and returned the energy to the pyridoneBODIPY via triplet-triplet energy transfer. This ping-pong energy transfer mechanism resulted in efficient (>85%) overall conversion of the excited state pyridoneBODIPY constituent despite a complete lack of ISC in the pyridoneBODIPY in the absence of the fullerene partner. The small difference in attachment chemistry for the fullerene did not impact the initial singlet energy transfer. However, the N-methylpyrrolidine bridge did slow both the triplet-triplet energy transfer and the ultimate relaxation rate of the final triplet state when compared to an isoxazole-based bridge. The rates of each step were quantified, and computational predictions were used to complement the proposed mechanism and energetics. The result demonstrated efficient triplet sensitization of a strong chromophore that lacks significant spin-orbit coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel K Swedin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Andrew T Healy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jacob W Schaffner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Ilya A Kuzmin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Yuriy V Zatsikha
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Enamine Ltd., Chervonotkatska Street 73, Kyiv 02094, Ukraine
| | - Victor N Nemykin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - David A Blank
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant St. SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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8
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Maroń AM, Palion-Gazda J, Szłapa-Kula A, Schab-Balcerzak E, Siwy M, Sulowska K, Maćkowski S, Machura B. Controlling of Photophysical Behavior of Rhenium(I) Complexes with 2,6-Di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridine-Based Ligands by Pendant π-Conjugated Aryl Groups. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:11019. [PMID: 36232327 PMCID: PMC9569785 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The structure-property correlations and control of electronic excited states in transition metal complexes (TMCs) are of high significance for TMC-based functional material development. Within these studies, a series of Re(I) carbonyl complexes with aryl-substituted 2,6-di(thiazol-2-yl)pyridines (Arn-dtpy) was synthesized, and their ground- and excited-state properties were investigated. A number of condensed aromatic rings, which function as the linking mode of the aryl substituent, play a fundamental role in controlling photophysics of the resulting [ReCl(CO)3(Arn-dtpy-κ2N)]. Photoexcitation of [ReCl(CO)3(Arn-dtpy-κ2N)] with 1-naphthyl-, 2-naphthyl-, 9-phenanthrenyl leads to the population of 3MLCT. The lowest triplet state of Re(I) chromophores bearing 9-anthryl, 2-anthryl, 1-pyrenyl groups is ligand localized. The rhenium(I) complex with appended 1-pyrenyl group features long-lived room temperature emission attributed to the equilibrium between 3MLCT and 3IL/3ILCT. The excited-state dynamics in complexes [ReCl(CO)3(9-anthryl-dtpy-κ2N)] and [ReCl(CO)3(2-anthryl-dtpy-κ2N)] is strongly dependent on the electronic coupling between anthracene and {ReCl(CO)3(dtpy-κ2N)}. Less steric hindrance between the chromophores in [ReCl(CO)3(2-anthryl-dtpy-κ2N)] is responsible for the faster formation of 3IL/3ILCT and larger contribution of 3ILCTanthracene→dtpy in relation to the isomeric complex [ReCl(CO)3(9-anthryl-dtpy-κ2N)]. In agreement with stronger electronic communication between the aryl and Re(I) coordination centre, [ReCl(CO)3(2-anthryl-dtpy-κ2N)] displays room-temperature emission contributed to by 3MLCT and 3ILanthracene/3ILCTanthracene→dtpy phosphorescence. The latter presents rarely observed phenomena in luminescent metal complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Maroń
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Palion-Gazda
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Szłapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowska 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Sklodowska 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Karolina Sulowska
- Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Grudziadzka 5, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, Szkolna 9, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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Małecka M, Szlapa-Kula A, Maroń AM, Ledwon P, Siwy M, Schab-Balcerzak E, Sulowska K, Maćkowski S, Erfurt K, Machura B. Impact of the Anthryl Linking Mode on the Photophysics and Excited-State Dynamics of Re(I) Complexes [ReCl(CO) 3(4′-An-terpy-κ 2N)]. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15070-15084. [PMID: 36101987 PMCID: PMC9516691 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Rhenium(I) complexes with 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines
(terpy) substituted with 9-anthryl (1) and 2-anthryl
(2) were synthesized, and the impact of the anthryl linking
mode on the ground- and excited-state properties of resulting complexes
[ReCl(CO)3(4′-An-terpy-κ2N)] (An—anthryl)
was investigated using a combination of steady-state and time-resolved
optical techniques accompanied by theoretical calculations. Different
attachment positions of anthracene modify the overlap between the
molecular orbitals and thus the electronic coupling of the anthracene
and {ReCl(CO)3(terpy-κ2N)} chromophores.
Following the femtosecond transient absorption, the lowest triplet
excited state of both complexes was found to be localized on the anthracene
chromophore. The striking difference between 1 and 2 concerns the triplet-state formation dynamics. A more planar
geometry of 2-anthryl-terpy (2), and thus better electronic
communication between the anthracene and {ReCl(CO)3(terpy-κ2N)} chromophores, facilitates the formation of the 3An triplet state. In steady-state photoluminescence spectra, the
population ratio of 3MLCT and 3An was found
to be dependent not only on the anthryl linking mode but also on solvent
polarity and excitation wavelengths. In dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO),
compounds 1 and 2 excited with λexc > 410 nm show both 3MLCT and 3An
emissions, which are rarely observed. Additionally, the abilities
of the designed complexes for 1O2 generation
and light emission under the external voltage were preliminary examined. The impact of the anthryl linking mode
on the ground- and
excited-state properties of [ReCl(CO)3(4′-An-terpy-κ2N)] with 2,2′:6′,2″-terpyridines (terpy)
substituted with 9-anthryl (1) and 2-anthryl (2) was thoroughly investigated. Different attachment positions of
anthracene were evidenced to modify the overlap between the molecular
orbitals and electronic coupling of the anthracene and {ReCl(CO)3(terpy-κ2N)} chromophores and thus the optical
properties of the resulting complexes. The striking difference between 1 and 2 was demonstrated in the triplet-state
formation dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Małecka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna M. Maroń
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Przemyslaw Ledwon
- Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, Strzody 9, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Street, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Karolina Sulowska
- Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Nanophotonics Group, Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Street, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9th Szkolna Street, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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10
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Yang Y, Doettinger F, Kleeberg C, Frey W, Karnahl M, Tschierlei S. How the Way a Naphthalimide Unit is Implemented Affects the Photophysical and -catalytic Properties of Cu(I) Photosensitizers. Front Chem 2022; 10:936863. [PMID: 35783217 PMCID: PMC9247301 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.936863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Driven by the great potential of solar energy conversion this study comprises the evaluation and comparison of two different design approaches for the improvement of copper based photosensitizers. In particular, the distinction between the effects of a covalently linked and a directly fused naphthalimide unit was assessed. For this purpose, the two heteroleptic Cu(I) complexes CuNIphen (NIphen = 5-(1,8-naphthalimide)-1,10-phenanthroline) and Cubiipo (biipo = 16H-benzo-[4′,5′]-isoquinolino-[2′,1′,:1,2]-imidazo-[4,5-f]-[1,10]-phenanthroline-16-one) were prepared and compared with the novel unsubstituted reference compound Cuphen (phen = 1,10-phenanthroline). Beside a comprehensive structural characterization, including two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and X-ray analysis, a combination of electrochemistry, steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy was used to determine the electrochemical and photophysical properties in detail. The nature of the excited states was further examined by (time-dependent) density functional theory (TD-DFT) calculations. It was found that CuNIphen exhibits a greatly enhanced absorption in the visible and a strong dependency of the excited state lifetimes on the chosen solvent. For example, the lifetime of CuNIphen extends from 0.37 µs in CH2Cl2 to 19.24 µs in MeCN, while it decreases from 128.39 to 2.6 µs in Cubiipo. Furthermore, CuNIphen has an exceptional photostability, allowing for an efficient and repetitive production of singlet oxygen with quantum yields of about 32%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingya Yang
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Energy Conversion, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Florian Doettinger
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Energy Conversion, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Christian Kleeberg
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- University of Stuttgart, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Karnahl
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Energy Conversion, Braunschweig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Michael Karnahl, ; Stefanie Tschierlei,
| | - Stefanie Tschierlei
- TU Braunschweig, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Department of Energy Conversion, Braunschweig, Germany
- *Correspondence: Michael Karnahl, ; Stefanie Tschierlei,
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Zhang X, Castellano FN. Thermally Activated Bright-State Delayed Blue Photoluminescence from InP Quantum Dots. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:3706-3711. [PMID: 35439008 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Thermally activated delayed photoluminescence (TADPL) generated from organic chromophore-functionalized quantum dots (QDs) is potentially beneficial for persistent light generation, QD-based PL sensors, and photochemical synthesis. While previous research demonstrated that naphthoic acid-functionalized InP QDs can be employed as low-toxicity, blue-emissive TADPL materials, the electron trap states inherent in these nanocrystals inhibited the observation of TADPL emerging from the higher-lying bright states. Here, we address this challenge by employing the heterocyclic aromatic compound 8-quinolinecarboxylic acid (QCA), whose triplet energy is strategically positioned to bypass the electron trap states in InP QDs. Transient absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopies revealed the generation of bright-state TADPL from QCA-functionalized InP QDs resulting from a nearly quantitative Dexter-like triplet-triplet energy transfer (TTET) from photoexcited InP QDs to surface-anchored QCA chromophores followed by reverse TTET from these bound molecules to the InP QDs. This modification resulted in a 119-fold increase in the average PL intensity decay time with respect to the as-synthesized InP QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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12
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Sasaki Y, Yanai N, Kimizuka N. Osmium Complex-Chromophore Conjugates with Both Singlet-to-Triplet Absorption and Long Triplet Lifetime through Tuning of the Heavy-Atom Effect. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:5982-5990. [PMID: 35080875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Os(II) complexes showing singlet-to-triplet absorption are of growing interest as a new class of triplet sensitizers that circumvent energy loss during intersystem crossing, and they enable effective utilization of input photon energy in various applications, such as photoredox catalysis, photodynamic therapy, and photon upconversion. However, triplet excited-state lifetimes of Os(II) complexes are often too short (τ < 1 μs) to transfer their energy to neighboring molecules. While the covalent conjugation of chromophores has been known to extend the net excited-state lifetimes through an intramolecular triplet energy transfer (IMET), heavy-atom effects of the central metals on the attached chromophore units have rarely been discussed. Here, we investigate the relationship between the spin-density contribution of the heavy metals and the net triplet excited-state lifetimes for a series of Os(II) and Ru(II) bis(terpyridine) complexes modified with perylene units. Phosphorescence lifetimes of these compounds strongly depend on the lifetimes of the perylenyl group-localized excited states that are shortened by the heavy-atom effect. The degree of heavy-atom effect can be largely circumvented by introducing meta-phenylene bridges, where the perylene unit retains its intrinsic long excited-state lifetime. The thermal activation to the short-lived excited states is suppressed, thanks to sufficient but still small energy losses during the IMET process. Involvement of the metal center was also confirmed by the prolonged lifetime by replacing Os(II) with Ru(II) that possesses a smaller spin-orbit coupling constant. These results indicate the importance of ligand structures that give a minimum heavy-atom effect as well as the sufficient energy gap among the excited states and fast IMET for elongating the triplet excited-state lifetime without sacrificing the excitation energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoichi Sasaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Yanai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan.,PRESTO, JST, Honcho 4-1-8, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kimizuka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Center for Molecular Systems (CMS), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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13
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Szlapa-Kula A, Małecka M, Maroń AM, Janeczek H, Siwy M, Schab-Balcerzak E, Szalkowski M, Maćkowski S, Pedzinski T, Erfurt K, Machura B. In-Depth Studies of Ground- and Excited-State Properties of Re(I) Carbonyl Complexes Bearing 2,2':6',2″-Terpyridine and 2,6-Bis(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine Coupled with π-Conjugated Aryl Chromophores. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:18726-18738. [PMID: 34847330 PMCID: PMC8693190 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In the current work, comprehensive photophysical and electrochemical studies were performed for eight rhenium(I) complexes incorporating 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine (terpy) and 2,6-bis(pyrazin-2-yl)pyridine (dppy) with appended 1-naphthyl-, 2-naphthyl-, 9-phenanthrenyl, and 1-pyrenyl groups. Naphthyl and phenanthrenyl substituents marginally affected the energy of the MLCT absorption and emission bands, signaling a weak electronic coupling of the appended aryl group with the Re(I) center. The triplet MLCT state in these complexes is so low lying relative to the triplet 3ILaryl that the thermal population of the triplet excited state delocalized on the organic chromophore is ineffective. The attachment of the electron-rich pyrenyl group resulted in a noticeable red shift and a significant increase in molar absorption coefficients of the lowest energy absorption of the resulting Re(I) complexes due to the contribution of intraligand charge-transfer (ILCT) transitions occurring from the pyrenyl substituent to the terpy/dppy core. At 77 K, the excited states of [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] with 1-pyrenyl-functionalized ligands were found to have predominant 3ILpyrene/3ILCTpyrene→terpy character. The 3IL/3ILCT nature of the lowest energy excited state of [ReCl(CO)3(4'-(1-pyrenyl)-terpy-κ2N)] was also evidenced by nanosecond transient absorption and time-resolved emission spectroscopy. Enhanced room-temperature emission lifetimes of the complexes [ReCl(CO)3(Ln-κ2N)] with 1-pyrenyl-substituted ligands are indicative of the thermal activation between 3MLCT and 3IL/3ILCT excited states. Deactivation pathways occurring upon light excitation in [ReCl(CO)3(4'-(1-naphthyl)-terpy-κ2N)] and [ReCl(CO)3(4'-(1-pyrenyl)-terpy-κ2N)] were determined by femtosecond transient absorption studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, ninth Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Małecka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, ninth Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna M Maroń
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, ninth Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Henryk Janeczek
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska Str., 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marcin Szalkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka Str., 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Tomasz Pedzinski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, 89b Umultowska, 61-614 Poznań, Poland
| | - Karol Erfurt
- Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, ninth Szkolna Str., 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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14
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Argüello Cordero MA, Boden PJ, Rentschler M, Di Martino-Fumo P, Frey W, Yang Y, Gerhards M, Karnahl M, Lochbrunner S, Tschierlei S. Comprehensive Picture of the Excited State Dynamics of Cu(I)- and Ru(II)-Based Photosensitizers with Long-Lived Triplet States. Inorg Chem 2021; 61:214-226. [PMID: 34908410 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c02771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ru(II)- and Cu(I)-based photosensitizers featuring the recently developed biipo ligand (16H-benzo-[4',5']-isoquinolino-[2',1',:1,2]-imidazo-[4,5-f]-[1,10]-phenanthrolin-16-one) were comprehensively investigated by X-ray crystallography, electrochemistry, and especially several time-resolved spectroscopic methods covering all time scales from femto- to milliseconds. The analysis of the experimental results is supported by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The biipo ligand consists of a coordinating 1,10-phenanthroline moiety fused with a 1,8-naphthalimide unit, which results in an extended π-system with an incorporated electron acceptor moiety. In a previous study, it was shown that this ligand enabled a Ru(II) complex that is an efficient singlet oxygen producer and of potential use for other light-driven applications due to its long emission lifetime. The goal of our here presented research is to provide a full spectroscopic picture of the processes that follow optical excitation. Interestingly, the Ru(II) and Cu(I) complexes differ in their characteristics even though the lowest electronically excited states involve in both cases the biipo ligand. The combined spectroscopic results indicate that an emissive 3MLCT state and a rather dark 3LC state are populated, each to some extent. For the Cu(I) complex, most of the excited population ends up in the 3LC state with an extraordinary lifetime of 439 μs in the solid state at 20 K, while a significant population of the 3MLCT state causes luminescence for the Ru(II) complex. Hence, there is a balance between these two states, which can be tuned by altering the metal center or even by thermal energy, as suggested by the temperature-dependent experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel A Argüello Cordero
- Institute for Physics and Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Pit Jean Boden
- Chemistry Department and Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Martin Rentschler
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Patrick Di Martino-Fumo
- Chemistry Department and Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Frey
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Yingya Yang
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Markus Gerhards
- Chemistry Department and Research Center Optimas, TU Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 52, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Michael Karnahl
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany.,Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Lochbrunner
- Institute for Physics and Department of Life, Light and Matter, University of Rostock, 18051 Rostock, Germany
| | - Stefanie Tschierlei
- Department of Energy Conversion, Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Gaußstraße 17, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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15
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Wells KA, Palmer JR, Yarnell JE, Garakyaraghi S, Pemberton BC, Favale JM, Valchar MK, Chakraborty A, Castellano FN. Understanding the influence of geometric and electronic structure on the excited state dynamical and photoredox properties of perinone chromophores. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:24200-24210. [PMID: 34693948 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp03870b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a series of eight similarly structured perinone chromophores were synthesized and photophysically characterized to elucidate the electronic and structural tunability of their excited state properties, including excited state redox potentials and fluorescence lifetimes/quantum yields. Despite their similar structure, these chromophores exhibited a broad range of visible absorption properties, quantum yields, and excited state lifetimes. In conjunction with static and time-resolved spectroscopies from the ultrafast to nanosecond time regimes, time-dependent computational modeling was used to correlate this behavior to the relationship between non-radiative decay and the energy-gap law. Additionally, the ground and excited state redox potentials were calculated and found to be tunable over a range of 1 V depending on the diamine or anhydride used in their synthesis (Ered* = 0.45-1.55 V; Eox* = -0.88 to -1.67 V), which is difficult to achieve with typical photoredox-active transition metal complexes. These diverse chromophores can be easily prepared, and with their range of photophysical tunability, will be valuable for future use in photofunctional applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee A Wells
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Jonathan R Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - James E Yarnell
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA. .,Department of Chemistry & Chemistry Research Center, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado, 80840-6230, USA
| | - Sofia Garakyaraghi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Barry C Pemberton
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA. .,School of Natural Sciences and Mathematics, Stockton University, Galloway, 08205, USA
| | - Joseph M Favale
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Mary Katharine Valchar
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Arnab Chakraborty
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
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16
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Wells KA, Yarnell JE, Sheykhi S, Palmer JR, Yonemoto DT, Joyce R, Garakyaraghi S, Castellano FN. Accessing the triplet manifold of naphthalene benzimidazole-phenanthroline in rhenium(I) bichromophores. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:13086-13095. [PMID: 34581368 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02329b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The steady-state and ultrafast to supra-nanosecond excited state dynamics of fac-[Re(NBI-phen)(CO)3(L)](PF6) (NBI-phen = 16H-benzo[4',5']isoquinolino[2',1':1,2]imidazo[4,5-f][1,10]phenanthrolin-16-one) as well as their respective models of the general molecular formula [Re(phen)(CO)3(L)](PF6) (L = PPh3 and CH3CN) has been investigated using transient absorption and time-gated photoluminescence spectroscopy. The NBI-phen containing molecules exhibited enhanced visible light absorption with respect to their models and a rapid formation (<6 ns) of the triplet ligand-centred (LC) excited state of the organic ligand, NBI-phen. These triplet states exhibit an extended excited state lifetime that enable the energized molecules to readily engage in triplet-triplet annihilation photochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee A Wells
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - James E Yarnell
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA. .,Department of Chemistry & Chemistry Research Center, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado, 80840-6230, USA
| | - Sara Sheykhi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Jonathan R Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Daniel T Yonemoto
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Rosalynd Joyce
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Sofia Garakyaraghi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, 27695-8204, USA.
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17
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Zhao S, Zhu Y, Li L, Guerchais V, Boixel J, Wong KMC. The switchable phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence of a new rhodamine-like dye through allenylidene formation in a cyclometallated platinum(ii) system. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11056-11064. [PMID: 34522303 PMCID: PMC8386667 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02787e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
A new rhodamine-like alkyne-substituted ligand (Rhodyne) was designed to coordinate a cyclometallated platinum(ii) system. The chemo-induced “ON–OFF” switching capabilities on the spirolactone ring of the Rhodyne ligand with an end-capping platinum(ii) metal centre can modulate the interesting acetylide–allenylidene resonance. The long-lived 3IL excited state of Rhodyne in its ON state as an optically active opened form was revealed via steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopy studies. Exceptional near-infrared (NIR) phosphorescence and delayed fluorescence based on a rhodamine-like structure were observed at room temperature for the first time. The position of the alkyne communication bridge attached to the platinum(ii) unit was found to vary the lead(ii)-ion binding mode and also the possible resonance structure for metal-mediated allenylidene formation. The formation of a proposed allenylidene resonance structure was suggested to rationalize these phenomena. A new rhodamine-like ligand (Rhodyne) was designed to coordinate a cyclometallated platinum(ii) system. Allenylidene formation could trigger NIR phosphorescence at 740 nm originating from Rhodyne 3IL, as well as delayed fluorescence at 620 nm.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunan Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology Harbin 15001 China.,Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd. Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Yifan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd. Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd. Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
| | | | | | - Keith Man-Chung Wong
- Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology 1088 Xueyuan Blvd. Shenzhen 518055 P. R. China
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18
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Tong Y, Liu Y, Chen Q, Mo Y, Ma Y. Long-Lived Triplet Excited-State Bichromophoric Iridium Photocatalysts for Controlled Photo-Mediated Atom-Transfer Radical Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Tong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yitian Mo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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19
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Sutton JJ, Preston D, Traber P, Steinmetzer J, Wu X, Kayal S, Sun XZ, Crowley JD, George MW, Kupfer S, Gordon KC. Excited-State Switching in Rhenium(I) Bipyridyl Complexes with Donor-Donor and Donor-Acceptor Substituents. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:9082-9093. [PMID: 34111929 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The optical properties of two Re(CO)3(bpy)Cl complexes in which the bpy is substituted with two donor (triphenylamine, TPA, ReTPA2) as well as both donor (TPA) and acceptor (benzothiadiazole, BTD, ReTPA-BTD) groups are presented. For ReTPA2 the absorption spectra show intense intraligand charge-transfer (ILCT) bands at 460 nm with small solvatochromic behavior; for ReTPA-BTD the ILCT transitions are weaker. These transitions are assigned as TPA → bpy transitions as supported by resonance Raman data and TDDFT calculations. The excited-state spectroscopy shows the presence of two emissive states for both complexes. The intensity of these emission signals is modulated by solvent. Time-resolved infrared spectroscopy definitively assigns the excited states present in CH2Cl2 to be MLCT in nature, and in MeCN the excited states are ILCT in nature. DFT calculations indicated this switching with solvent is governed by access to states controlled by spin-orbit coupling, which is sufficiently different in the two solvents, allowing to select out each of the charge-transfer states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua J Sutton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Dan Preston
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Philipp Traber
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Johannes Steinmetzer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Xue Wu
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Surajit Kayal
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - Xue-Z Sun
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
| | - Michael W George
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom.,Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, 199 Taikang East Road, Ningbo 315100 China
| | - Stephan Kupfer
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Keith C Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand.,MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology, Wellington 6012, New Zealand
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20
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Yonemoto DT, Papa CM, Sheykhi S, Castellano FN. Controlling Thermally Activated Delayed Photoluminescence in CdSe Quantum Dots through Triplet Acceptor Surface Coverage. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:3718-3723. [PMID: 33835808 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c00746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Quantum-dot/molecule composites (QD/mol) have demonstrated useful photochemical properties for many photonic and optoelectronic applications; however, a comprehensive understanding of these materials remains elusive. This work introduces a series of cadmium(II) selenide/1-pyrenecarboxylic acid (CdSe/PCA) nanomaterials featuring bespoke PCA surface coverage on CdSe585 (coded by the peak of the first exciton absorption band) to glean insight into the QD/mol photophysical behavior. Tailoring the energy gap between the CdSe585 first exciton band (2.1 eV) and the lowest PCA triplet level (T1 = 2.0 eV) to be nearly isoenergetic, strong thermally activated delayed photoluminescence (TADPL) is observed resulting from reverse triplet-triplet energy transfer. The resultant average decay time constant (τobs) of the photoluminescence emanating from CdSe585 is deterministically controlled with surface-bound PCAn chromophores (n = average number of adsorbed PCA molecules) by shifting the triplet excited state equilibrium from the CdSe585 to the PCA molecular triplet reservoir as a function of n.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Yonemoto
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Christopher M Papa
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Sara Sheykhi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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21
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Rotundo L, Grills DC, Gobetto R, Priola E, Nervi C, Polyansky DE, Fujita E. Photochemical CO
2
Reduction Using Rhenium(I) Tricarbonyl Complexes with Bipyridyl‐Type Ligands with and without Second Coordination Sphere Effects. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Rotundo
- Chemistry Department University of Torino Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
- CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari Italy
| | - David C. Grills
- Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973–5000 USA
| | - Roberto Gobetto
- Chemistry Department University of Torino Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
- CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Emanuele Priola
- Chemistry Department University of Torino Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
- CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari Italy
| | - Carlo Nervi
- Chemistry Department University of Torino Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
- CIRCC Via Celso Ulpiani 27, 70126 Bari Italy
| | | | - Etsuko Fujita
- Chemistry Division Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY 11973–5000 USA
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22
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Favale JM, Hauke CE, Danilov EO, Yarnell JE, Castellano FN. Ligand-triplet migration in iridium(iii) cyclometalates featuring π-conjugated isocyanide ligands. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:9995-10002. [PMID: 32643713 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02100h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The manipulation of the triplet excited state manifold leads to large differences in the photophysical properties within a given class of metal-organic chromophores. By the appropriate choice of ancillary ligand, large changes can be made both to the order and nature of the lowest excited states and therefore to the resulting photophysical properties. Herein, a series of four bis-2-phenylpyridine (ppy) cyclometalated Ir(iii) compounds bearing two arylisocyanide ligands were synthesized and photophysically characterized to understand the effects of using ancillary ligands featuring systematic changes in π-conjugation. By varying the arylisocyanide ligands, the photoluminescence quantum yield ranged from 5% to 49% and the excited state lifetime ranged between 24 μs and 2 ms. These variations in photophysical response are consistent with lowering the triplet ligand-centered (3LC) state of the arylisocyanide ligand as the π system was extended, confirmed by 77 K photoluminescence emission spectra and ultrafast transient absorption experiments. The latter analysis gleaned detailed insight into the importance of the interplay of the 3LC state of the phenylpyridine and arylisocyanide ligands in these polychromophic Ir(iii) molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M Favale
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695-8204, USA.
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23
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Zhang X, Hou Y, Xiao X, Chen X, Hu M, Geng X, Wang Z, Zhao J. Recent development of the transition metal complexes showing strong absorption of visible light and long-lived triplet excited state: From molecular structure design to photophysical properties and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2020.213371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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24
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Palmer JR, Wells KA, Yarnell JE, Favale JM, Castellano FN. Visible-Light-Driven Triplet Sensitization of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons Using Thionated Perinones. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:5092-5099. [PMID: 32517474 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c01634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free chromophores that efficiently generate triplet excited states represent promising alternatives with respect to transition metal-containing photosensitizers, such as those featuring metal-to-ligand charge transfer excited states. However, such molecular constructs have remained underexplored due to the unclear relationship(s) between molecular structure and efficient/rapid intersystem crossing. In this regard, we present a series of three thionated perinone chromophores serving as a newly conceived class of heavy metal-free triplet photosensitizers. We demonstrate that thionation of the lone C═O substituent in each highly fluorescent perinone imparts red-shifted absorbance bands that maintain intense extinction coefficients across the visible spectrum, as well as unusually efficient triplet excited state formation as inferred from the measured singlet O2 quantum yields at 1270 nm (ΦΔ = 0.78-1.0). Electronic structure calculations revealed the emergence of a low energy S1 (n → π*) excited state in the proximity of a slightly higher energy S2 (π → π*) excited state. The distinct character in each of the two lowest-lying singlet state manifolds resulted in the energetic inversion of the corresponding triplet excited states due to differences in electron exchange interactions. Rapid S1 → T1 intersystem crossing was thereby facilitated in this manner through spin-orbit coupling as predicted by the El Sayed rules. The lifetimes of the resultant triplet excited states persisted into the microsecond time regime, as measured by transient absorbance spectroscopy, enabling effective bimolecular triplet sensitization of some common polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The synthetically facile interchange of a single O atom to an S atom in the investigated perinones resulted in marked changes to their photophysical properties, namely, conversion of dominant singlet state fluorescence in the former to long-lived triplet excited states in the latter. The combined results suggest a general strategy for accessing long-lived triplet excited states in organic chromophores featuring a lone C═O moiety residing within its structure, valuable for the design of metal-free triplet photosensitizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Kaylee A Wells
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - James E Yarnell
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Chemistry Research Center, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80840-6230, United States
| | - Joseph M Favale
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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25
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Wells KA, Yarnell JE, Palmer JR, Lee TS, Papa CM, Castellano FN. Energy Migration Processes in Re(I) MLCT Complexes Featuring a Chromophoric Ancillary Ligand. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:8259-8271. [PMID: 32491840 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c00644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We present the synthesis, structural characterization, electronic structure calculations, and ultrafast and supra-nanosecond photophysical properties of a series of five Re(I) bichromophores exhibiting metal to ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited states based on the general formula fac-[Re(N∧N)(CO)3(PNI-py)]PF6, where PNI-py is 4-piperidinyl-1,8-naphthalimidepyridine and N∧N is a diimine ligand (Re1-5), along with their corresponding model chromophores where 4-ethylpyridine was substituted for PNI-py (Mod1-5). The diimine ligands used include 1,10-phenanthroline (phen, 1), 2,9-dimethyl-4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (bcp, 2), 4,4'-di-tert-butyl-2,2'-bipyridine (dtbb, 3), 4,4'-diethyl ester-2,2'-bipyridine (deeb, 4), and 2,2'-biquinoline (biq, 5). In these metal-organic bichromophores, structural modification of the diimine ligand resulted in substantial changes to the observed energy transfer efficiencies between the two chromophores as a result of the variation in 3MLCT excited-state energies. The photophysical properties and energetic pathways of the model chromophores were investigated in parallel to accurately track the changes that arose from introduction of the organic chromophore pendant on the ancillary ligand. All relevant photophysical and energy transfer processes were probed and characterized using time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy, ultrafast and nanosecond transient absorption spectroscopy, and time-dependent density functional theory calculations. Of the five bichromophores in this study, four (Re1-4) exhibited a thermal equilibrium between the 3PNI-py and the 3MLCT excited state, drastically extending the lifetimes of the parent model chromophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaylee A Wells
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - James E Yarnell
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States.,Department of Chemistry & Chemistry Research Center, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80840-6230, United States
| | - Jonathan R Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Tia S Lee
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Christopher M Papa
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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26
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Yonemoto DT, Papa CM, Mongin C, Castellano FN. Thermally Activated Delayed Photoluminescence: Deterministic Control of Excited-State Decay. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:10883-10893. [PMID: 32497428 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c03331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Thermally activated photophysical processes are ubiquitous in numerous organic and metal-organic molecules, leading to chromophores with excited-state properties that can be considered an equilibrium mixture of the available low-lying states. Relative populations of the equilibrated states are governed by temperature. Such molecules have been devised as high quantum yield emitters in modern organic light-emitting diode technology and for deterministic excited-state lifetime control to enhance chemical reactivity in solar energy conversion and photocatalytic schemes. The recent discovery of thermally activated photophysics at CdSe nanocrystal-molecule interfaces enables a new paradigm wherein molecule-quantum dot constructs are used to systematically generate material with predetermined photophysical response and excited-state properties. Semiconductor nanomaterials feature size-tunable energy level engineering, which considerably expands the purview of thermally activated photophysics beyond what is possible using only molecules. This Perspective is intended to provide a nonexhaustive overview of the advances that led to the integration of semiconductor quantum dots in thermally activated delayed photoluminescence (TADPL) schemes and to identify important challenges moving into the future. The initial establishment of excited-state lifetime extension utilizing triplet-triplet excited-state equilibria is detailed. Next, advances involving the rational design of molecules composed of both metal-containing and organic-based chromophores that produce the desired TADPL are described. Finally, the recent introduction of semiconductor nanomaterials into hybrid TADPL constructs is discussed, paving the way toward the realization of fine-tuned deterministic control of excited-state decay. It is envisioned that libraries of synthetically facile composites will be broadly deployed as photosensitizers and light emitters for numerous synthetic and optoelectronic applications in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Yonemoto
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Christopher M Papa
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Cedric Mongin
- Laboratoire PPSM, ENS Paris-Saclay, 61 Avenue du Président Wilson, 94235 Cachan CEDEX, France
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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27
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Zou Z, Ping‐Ding, Wang X, Liang Z, Tao X. Sandwich‐Type Porphyrin Complexes as Efficient Sensitizers for Triplet‐Triplet Annihilation Upconversion. ChemistrySelect 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201904322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhi‐Yang Zou
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Material EngineeringSuzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 PR China
| | - Ping‐Ding
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Material EngineeringSuzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 PR China
| | - Xiao‐Mei Wang
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Material EngineeringSuzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 PR China
| | - Zuo‐Qin Liang
- School of Chemistry, Biology and Material EngineeringSuzhou University of Science and Technology Suzhou 215009 PR China
| | - Xu‐Tang Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal MaterialsShandong University Jinan 250100 PR China
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28
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Jin Z, Qi S, Guo X, Tian N, Hou Y, Li C, Wang X, Zhou Q. Smart use of “ping-pong” energy transfer to improve the two-photon photodynamic activity of an Ir(iii) complex. Chem Commun (Camb) 2020; 56:2845-2848. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09763e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A two-photon excited “Ping-Pong” type energy transfer process is for the first time disclosed for enhancing two-photon PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihui Jin
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Shuang Qi
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Xusheng Guo
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Na Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Yuanjun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
| | - Qianxiong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- P. R. China
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29
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Atallah H, Taliaferro CM, Wells KA, Castellano FN. Photophysics and ultrafast processes in rhenium(I) diimine dicarbonyls. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:11565-11576. [PMID: 32749412 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt01765e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a series of nine Re(i) diimine dicarbonyl complexes of the general molecular formula cis-[Re(N^N)2(CO)2]+ (N^N are various 2,2'-bipyridine (bpy) or 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) derivatives) were prepared and spectroscopically investigated to systematically evaluate the photophysical consequences of various substituents resident on the diimine ligands. These panchromatic absorbing chromophores were structurally characterized, evaluated for their electrochemical and spectroelectrochemical properties, and investigated using static and dynamic electronic absorption, photoluminescence (PL), and infrared spectroscopy from ultrafast to supra-nanosecond time scales. The ultrafast time-resolved infrared (TRIR) analysis was further supported by electronic structure calculations which characterized the changes within the two C[triple bond, length as m-dash]O vibrational modes upon formation of the metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) excited state. The MLCT excited state decay of this series of dicarbonyl molecules appears completely consistent with energy-gap law behavior, where the nonradiative decay rate constants increase logarithmically with decreasing excited state - ground state energy separation, except in anticipated cases where the substituents were phenyl or tert-butyl.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hala Atallah
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Chelsea M Taliaferro
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Kaylee A Wells
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA.
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, USA.
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30
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Belyaev A, Slavova SO, Solovyev IV, Sizov VV, Jänis J, Grachova EV, Koshevoy IO. Solvatochromic dual luminescence of Eu–Au dyads decorated with chromophore phosphines. Inorg Chem Front 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9qi01015g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Chromophore-containing phosphines produce highly solvatochromic gold(i) fluorophores. Their combination with red-emitting Eu centers offers a facile approach to dual emissive complexes with widely tunable luminescence characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Belyaev
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Eastern Finland
- Joensuu
- Finland
| | - Sofia O. Slavova
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry
- Bulgarian Academy of Sciences
- Sofia
- Bulgaria
| | - Igor V. Solovyev
- Institute of Chemistry
- St. Petersburg State University
- St. Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Vladimir V. Sizov
- Institute of Chemistry
- St. Petersburg State University
- St. Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Janne Jänis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Eastern Finland
- Joensuu
- Finland
| | - Elena V. Grachova
- Institute of Chemistry
- St. Petersburg State University
- St. Petersburg
- Russia
| | - Igor O. Koshevoy
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Eastern Finland
- Joensuu
- Finland
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31
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Klemens T, Świtlicka A, Szlapa-Kula A, Łapok Ł, Obłoza M, Siwy M, Szalkowski M, Maćkowski S, Libera M, Schab-Balcerzak E, Machura B. Tuning Optical Properties of Re(I) Carbonyl Complexes by Modifying Push–Pull Ligands Structure. Organometallics 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.9b00517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Klemens
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Świtlicka
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agata Szlapa-Kula
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Łukasz Łapok
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Obłoza
- Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Mariola Siwy
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Marcin Szalkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Sebastian Maćkowski
- Institute of Physics, Faculty of Physics, Astronomy and Informatics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 5 Grudziadzka, 87-100 Torun, Poland
| | - Marcin Libera
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Schab-Balcerzak
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, 34 M. Curie-Sklodowska, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland
| | - Barbara Machura
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Silesia, 9 Szkolna, 40-006 Katowice, Poland
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32
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Yarnell JE, Wells KA, Palmer JR, Breaux JM, Castellano FN. Excited-State Triplet Equilibria in a Series of Re(I)-Naphthalimide Bichromophores. J Phys Chem B 2019; 123:7611-7627. [PMID: 31405284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b05688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present the synthesis, structural characterization, electronic structure calculations, and the ultrafast and supra-nanosecond photophysical properties of a series of five bichromophores of the general structural formula [Re(5-R-phen)(CO)3(dmap)](PF6), where R is a naphthalimide (NI), phen = 1,10-phenanthroline, and dmap is 4-dimethylaminopyridine. The NI chromophores were systematically modified at their 4-positions with -H (NI), -Br (BrNI), phenoxy (PONI), thiobenzene (PSNI), and piperidine (PNI), rendering a series of metal-organic bichromophores (Re1-Re5, respectively) featuring variability in the singlet and triplet energies in the pendant NI subunit. Five closely related organic chromophores as well as [Re(phen)(CO)3(dmap)](PF6) (Re6) were investigated in parallel to appropriately model the photophysical properties exhibited in the bichromophores. The excited state processes of all molecules in this study were elucidated using a combination of transient absorption spectroscopy and time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy, revealing the kinetics of the energy transfer processes occurring between the appended chromophores. The spectroscopic analysis was further supported by electronic structure calculations which identified the origin of many of the experimentally observed electronic transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- James E Yarnell
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States.,Department of Chemistry & Chemistry Research Center, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80840-6230 United States
| | - Kaylee A Wells
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Jonathan R Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Josué M Breaux
- Department of Chemistry & Chemistry Research Center, United States Air Force Academy, Colorado Springs, Colorado 80840-6230 United States
| | - Felix N Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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33
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Cheng S, Chu W, Ko C, Phillips DL. Excited State Dynamics of Isocyano Rhenium(I) Phenanthroline Complexes from Time‐Resolved Spectroscopy. Chemphyschem 2019; 20:1946-1953. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201900581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shun‐Cheung Cheng
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong Hong Kong SAR China
- Department of Chemistry, TheUniversity of Hong Kong Chong Yuet Ming Chemistry Building Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wing‐Kin Chu
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Chi‐Chiu Ko
- Department of ChemistryCity University of Hong Kong Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon Tong Hong Kong SAR China
| | - David Lee Phillips
- Department of Chemistry, TheUniversity of Hong Kong Chong Yuet Ming Chemistry Building Pokfulam Road Hong Kong SAR China
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34
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Favale JM, Danilov EO, Yarnell JE, Castellano FN. Photophysical Processes in Rhenium(I) Diiminetricarbonyl Arylisocyanides Featuring Three Interacting Triplet Excited States. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:8750-8762. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph M. Favale
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University (NCSU), Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Evgeny O. Danilov
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University (NCSU), Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - James E. Yarnell
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University (NCSU), Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Felix N. Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University (NCSU), Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
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35
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Zhong F, Zhao J, Hayvali M, Elmali A, Karatay A. Effect of Molecular Conformation Restriction on the Photophysical Properties of N^N Platinum(II) Bis(ethynylnaphthalimide) Complexes Showing Close-Lying 3MLCT and 3LE Excited States. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:1850-1861. [PMID: 30672269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Using naphthalimide (NI), complexes (Pt-PhNI and Pt-PhMeNI) based on the N^N platinum(II) bis(phenylacetylide) coordination framework were prepared, in which there are two close-lying triplet states, i.e., the metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer (3MLCT) and the NI localized emissive state (3LE). Pt-PhNI has better electronic communication between the Pt coordination center and the NI moiety, whereas in Pt-PhMeNI, they are more isolated by orthogonal geometry. For Pt-PhMeNI, the S0 → 1MLCT and S0 → 1LE absorption bands are separated by 5655 cm-1, while they are more overlapped in Pt-PhNI. The 3MLCT → S0 and 3LE → S0 dual phosphorescence emissions were observed for both Pt-PhNI (in toluene) and Pt-PhMeNI (in benzonitrile). The molecular conformation tunes the 3MLCT/3LE state population ratio, and the orthogonal geometry makes the 3LE state in Pt-PhMeNI basically a dark state (in toluene). Switching of the relative energy levels of the 3MLCT/3LE states by variation of the solvent polarity and temperature was achieved. For Pt-PhMeNI, the energy level of 3MLCT state is higher in a polar solvent; thus, the 3MLCT emission decreases, while the phosphorescence lifetime is prolonged from 9.5 μs (in toluene) to 58 μs (in benzonitrile) because of the different equilibria with the nonemissive 3LE state. Conversely, increasing the temperature enhances the upward transition from the nonemissive 3LE state to the emissive 3MLCT state; as such, the phosphorescence of Pt-PhMeNI was intensified at higher temperature (which is unusual), and the phosphorescence lifetime decreased from 58 μs (298 K) to ca. 5 μs (348 K). The ultrafast intersystem crossing (ca. 0.5 ps) and intramolecular triplet-triplet energy transfer (3-11 ps) were studied by femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. These results are useful for an in-depth understanding of the photophysics of multichromophore transition-metal complexes and for the design of external stimuli-responsive sensing materials, for instance, temperature or microenvironment sensing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road , Dalian 116024 , P. R. China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road , Dalian 116024 , P. R. China
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36
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Chen Q, Liu Y, Guo X, Peng J, Garakyaraghi S, Papa CM, Castellano FN, Zhao D, Ma Y. Energy Transfer Dynamics in Triplet–Triplet Annihilation Upconversion Using a Bichromophoric Heavy-Atom-Free Sensitizer. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6673-6682. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b05901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xinyan Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jiang Peng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Sofia Garakyaraghi
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Christopher M. Papa
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Felix N. Castellano
- Department of Chemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-8204, United States
| | - Dahui Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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37
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Hussain M, El-Zohry AM, Gobeze HB, Zhao J, D'Souza F, Mohammed OF. Intramolecular Energy and Electron Transfers in Bodipy Naphthalenediimide Triads. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6081-6088. [PMID: 29961320 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b03884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Borondipyrromethene (BDP) naphthalenediimide (NDI) triads (BDP-NDI) and diiodo-BDP derivative (DiiodoBDP-NDI)) were synthesized to study the Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) and its impact on the triplet state formation and dynamics. In these triads, diiodo-BDP and BDP are the energy donors and NDI is the energy acceptor. Nanosecond transient absorption spectra of triads indicated that triplet state is localized on NDI moiety, either by selective photoexcitation of the Diiodo-BDP or NDI unit. The intersystem crossing (ISC) is attributed to intramolecular heavy atom effect. The triplet state quantum yield was found to be 54% with a lifetime of 38 μs. However, no triplet state is observed for BDP-NDI system either by exciting BDP or NDI unit. Thus, we confirmed that charge recombination does not produce a triplet state. Interestingly, DiiodoBDP-NDI can be used as broadband excitable (500-620 nm) triplet photosensitizer, and high triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) upconversion quantum yield of ΦUC = 2.8% was observed with 9,10-bis(phenylethynyl)-anthracene (BPEA) as a triplet acceptor/emitter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mushraf Hussain
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling-Gong Road , Dalian 116024 , P. R. China
| | - Ahmed M El-Zohry
- KAUST Solar Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Habtom B Gobeze
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering , Dalian University of Technology , E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling-Gong Road , Dalian 116024 , P. R. China
| | - Francis D'Souza
- Department of Chemistry , University of North Texas , 1155 Union Circle, #305070 , Denton , Texas 76203-5017 , United States
| | - Omar F Mohammed
- KAUST Solar Center, Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering , King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST) , Thuwal 23955-6900 , Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
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38
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Kisel KS, Eskelinen T, Zafar W, Solomatina AI, Hirva P, Grachova EV, Tunik SP, Koshevoy IO. Chromophore-Functionalized Phenanthro-diimine Ligands and Their Re(I) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:6349-6361. [PMID: 29749736 PMCID: PMC6150663 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of diimine ligands has been designed on the basis of 2-pyridyl-1 H-phenanthro[9,10- d]imidazole (L1, L2). Coupling the basic motif of L1 with anthracene-containing fragments affords the bichromophore compounds L3-L5, of which L4 and L5 adopt a donor-acceptor architecture. The latter allows intramolecular charge transfer with intense absorption bands in the visible spectrum (lowest λabs 464 nm (ε = 1.2 × 104 M-1 cm-1) and 490 nm (ε = 5.2 × 104 M-1 cm-1) in CH2Cl2 for L4 and L5, respectively). L1-L5 show strong fluorescence in a fluid medium (Φem = 22-92%, λem 370-602 nm in CH2Cl2); discernible emission solvatochromism is observed for L4 and L5. In addition, the presence of pyridyl (L1-L5) and dimethylaminophenyl (L5) groups enables reversible alteration of their optical properties by means of protonation. Ligands L1-L5 were used to synthesize the corresponding [Re(CO)3X(diimine)] (X = Cl, 1-5; X = CN, 1-CN) complexes. 1 and 2 exhibit unusual dual emission of singlet and triplet parentage, which originate from independently populated 1ππ* and 3MLCT excited states. In contrast to the majority of the reported Re(I) carbonyl luminophores, complexes 3-5 display moderately intense ligand-based fluorescence from an anthracene-containing secondary chromophore and complete quenching of emission from the 3MLCT state presumably due to the triplet-triplet energy transfer (3MLCT → 3ILCT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina S. Kisel
- University of Eastern
Finland, Department of Chemistry, Joensuu 80101, Finland
- St.Petersburg State University, Department of Chemistry, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Toni Eskelinen
- University of Eastern
Finland, Department of Chemistry, Joensuu 80101, Finland
| | - Waqar Zafar
- University of Eastern
Finland, Department of Chemistry, Joensuu 80101, Finland
| | - Anastasia I. Solomatina
- St.Petersburg State University, Department of Chemistry, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Pipsa Hirva
- University of Eastern
Finland, Department of Chemistry, Joensuu 80101, Finland
| | - Elena V. Grachova
- St.Petersburg State University, Department of Chemistry, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergey P. Tunik
- St.Petersburg State University, Department of Chemistry, Universitetskii pr. 26, 198504 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Igor O. Koshevoy
- University of Eastern
Finland, Department of Chemistry, Joensuu 80101, Finland
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39
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Thermally activated delayed photoluminescence from pyrenyl-functionalized CdSe quantum dots. Nat Chem 2017; 10:225-230. [PMID: 29359748 DOI: 10.1038/nchem.2906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The generation and transfer of triplet excitons across semiconductor nanomaterial-molecular interfaces will play an important role in emerging photonic and optoelectronic technologies, and understanding the rules that govern such phenomena is essential. The ability to cooperatively merge the photophysical properties of semiconductor quantum dots with those of well-understood and inexpensive molecular chromophores is therefore paramount. Here we show that 1-pyrenecarboxylic acid-functionalized CdSe quantum dots undergo thermally activated delayed photoluminescence. This phenomenon results from a near quantitative triplet-triplet energy transfer from the nanocrystals to 1-pyrenecarboxylic acid, producing a molecular triplet-state 'reservoir' that thermally repopulates the photoluminescent state of CdSe through endothermic reverse triplet-triplet energy transfer. The photoluminescence properties are systematically and predictably tuned through variation of the quantum dot-molecule energy gap, temperature and the triplet-excited-state lifetime of the molecular adsorbate. The concepts developed are likely to be applicable to semiconductor nanocrystals interfaced with molecular chromophores, enabling potential applications of their combined excited states.
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40
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Zhang L, Huang Z, Dai D, Xiao Y, Lei K, Tan S, Cheng J, Xu Y, Liu J, Qian X. Thio-bisnaphthalimides as Heavy-Atom-Free Photosensitizers with Efficient Singlet Oxygen Generation and Large Stokes Shifts: Synthesis and Properties. Org Lett 2016; 18:5664-5667. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.6b02902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Zhisong Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Dongdong Dai
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yansheng Xiao
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Kecheng Lei
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Shaoying Tan
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Yufang Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Jianwen Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of New Drug Design, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xuhong Qian
- State
Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, Shanghai Key Laboratory
of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, China
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41
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Horvath R, Huff GS, Gordon KC, George MW. Probing the excited state nature of coordination complexes with blended organic and inorganic chromophores using vibrational spectroscopy. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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42
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Asano MS, Shibuki M, Otsuka T. Prolonged Lifetime of Near-IR Emission due to a Reservoir State in a Phenylene-linked Copper(II) Porphyrin–Zinc(II) Porphyrin Dimer. CHEM LETT 2016. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.160442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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43
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Denisov SA, Yu S, Pozzo JL, Jonusauskas G, McClenaghan ND. Harnessing Reversible Electronic Energy Transfer: From Molecular Dyads to Molecular Machines. Chemphyschem 2016; 17:1794-804. [PMID: 26945897 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201600137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Reversible electronic energy transfer (REET) may be instilled in bi-/multichromophoric molecule-based systems, following photoexcitation, upon judicious structural integration of matched chromophores. This leads to a new set of photophysical properties for the ensemble, which can be fully characterized by steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic methods. Herein, we take a comprehensive look at progress in the development of this type of supermolecule in the last five years, which has seen systems evolve from covalently tethered dyads to synthetic molecular machines, exemplified by two different pseudorotaxanes. Indeed, REET holds promise in the control of movement in molecular machines, their assembly/disassembly, as well as in charge separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergey A Denisov
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université Bordeaux/ CNRS, 351 crs de la liberation, 33405, Talence cedex, France.,Laboratoire Ondes et Matière O'Aquitaine, Université Bordeaux/ CNRS, 351 crs de la liberation, 33405, Talence cedex, France
| | - Shinlin Yu
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université Bordeaux/ CNRS, 351 crs de la liberation, 33405, Talence cedex, France
| | - Jean-Luc Pozzo
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université Bordeaux/ CNRS, 351 crs de la liberation, 33405, Talence cedex, France
| | - Gediminas Jonusauskas
- Laboratoire Ondes et Matière O'Aquitaine, Université Bordeaux/ CNRS, 351 crs de la liberation, 33405, Talence cedex, France
| | - Nathan D McClenaghan
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université Bordeaux/ CNRS, 351 crs de la liberation, 33405, Talence cedex, France.
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44
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Majewski MB, Smith JG, Wolf MO, Patrick BO. Long‐Lived, Emissive Excited States in Direct and Amide‐Linked Thienyl‐Substituted Ru
II
Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marek B. Majewski
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada, http://https://groups.chem.ubc.ca/wolf/
| | - Jeremy G. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada, http://https://groups.chem.ubc.ca/wolf/
| | - Michael O. Wolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada, http://https://groups.chem.ubc.ca/wolf/
| | - Brian O. Patrick
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada, http://https://groups.chem.ubc.ca/wolf/
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45
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Yarnell JE, McCusker CE, Leeds AJ, Breaux JM, Castellano FN. Exposing the Excited-State Equilibrium in an IrIIIBichromophore: A Combined Time Resolved Spectroscopy and Computational Study. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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46
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Mella P, Cabezas K, Cerda C, Cepeda-Plaza M, Günther G, Pizarro N, Vega A. Solvent, coordination and hydrogen-bond effects on the chromic luminescence of the cationic complex [(phen)(H2O)Re(CO)3]+. NEW J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6nj00885b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The unusual behavior of the solution luminescence emission of [(phen)(H2O)Re(CO)3]+(CF3SO3)− depends on the solvent polarity, and coordinating and hydrogen bonding ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Mella
- Universidad Andres Bello
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Karina Cabezas
- Universidad Andres Bello
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Carla Cerda
- Universidad Andres Bello
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Marjorie Cepeda-Plaza
- Universidad Andres Bello
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - German Günther
- Universidad de Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica
- Santiago
- Chile
| | - Nancy Pizarro
- Universidad Andres Bello
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Quillota 980
- Chile
| | - Andrés Vega
- Universidad Andres Bello
- Facultad de Ciencias Exactas
- Departamento de Ciencias Químicas
- Quillota 980
- Chile
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47
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Zhong F, Yuan X, Zhao J, Wang Q. Visible light-harvesting tricarbonyl Re(I) complex: synthesis and application in intracellular photodynamic effect and luminescence imaging. Sci China Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-015-5491-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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48
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Quaranta A, Charalambidis G, Herrero C, Margiola S, Leibl W, Coutsolelos A, Aukauloo A. Synergistic "ping-pong" energy transfer for efficient light activation in a chromophore-catalyst dyad. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:24166-72. [PMID: 26327298 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp04458h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis of a porphyrin-Ru(II) polypyridine complex where the porphyrin acts as a photoactive unit and the Ru(II) polypyridine as a catalytic precursor is described. Comparatively, the free base porphyrin was found to outperform the ruthenium based chromophore in the yield of light induced electron transfer. Mechanistic insights indicate the occurrence of a ping-pong energy transfer from the (1)LC excited state of the porphyrin chromophore to the (3)MCLT state of the catalyst and back to the (3)LC excited state of the porphyrin unit. The latter, triplet-triplet energy transfer back to the chromophore, efficiently competes with fast radiationless deactivation of the excited state at the catalyst site. The energy thus recovered by the chromophore allows improved yield of formation of the oxidized form of the chromophore and concomitantly of the oxidation of the catalytic unit by intramolecular charge transfer. The presented results are among the rare examples where a porphyrin chromophore is successfully used to drive an oxidative activation process where reductive processes prevail in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Quaranta
- Service de Bioénergétique, Biologie Structurale et Mécanismes (SB2SM), CEA, iBiTec-S, Biochimie Biophysique et Biologie Structurale (B3S), I2BC, UMR 9198, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France.
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49
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Zhong F, Karatay A, Zhao L, Zhao J, He C, Zhang C, Yaglioglu HG, Elmali A, Küçüköz B, Hayvali M. Broad-Band N∧N Pt(II) Bisacetylide Visible Light Harvesting Complex with Heteroleptic Bodipy Acetylide Ligands. Inorg Chem 2015; 54:7803-17. [PMID: 26230144 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b00822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Zhong
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Liang Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Cheng He
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
| | - Caishun Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, E-208 West Campus, 2 Ling Gong Road, Dalian 116024, People’s Republic of China
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50
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Wu S, Zhong F, Zhao J, Guo S, Yang W, Fyles T. Broadband Visible Light-Harvesting Naphthalenediimide (NDI) Triad: Study of the Intra-/Intermolecular Energy/Electron Transfer and the Triplet Excited State. J Phys Chem A 2015; 119:4787-99. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b01448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Wu
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fangfang Zhong
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Jianzhang Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Song Guo
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- State
Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Tom Fyles
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, P.O. Box 3065, Victoria, Canada V8W 3V6
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