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Pilar Del Río M, Villarroya BE, López JA, Geer AM, Lahoz FJ, Ciriano MA, Tejel C. Mixed-Valence Tetrametallic Iridium Chains. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301438. [PMID: 37402228 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023]
Abstract
Neutral [X-{Ir2 }-{Ir2 }-X] (X=Cl, Br, SCN, I) and dicationic [L-{Ir2 }-{Ir2 }-L]2+ (L=MeCN, Me2 CO) tetrametallic iridium chains made by connecting two dinuclear {Ir2 } units ({Ir2 }=[Ir2 (μ-OPy)2 (CO)4 ], OPy=2-pyridonate) by an iridium-iridium bond are described. The complexes exhibit fractional averaged oxidation states of +1.5 and electronic delocalization along the metallic chain. While the axial ligands do not significantly affect the metal-metal bond lengths, the metallic chain has a significant impact on the iridium-L/X bond distances. The complexes show free rotation around the unsupported iridium-iridium bond in solution, with a low-energy transition state for the chloride chain. The absorption spectra of these complexes show characteristic bands at 438-504 nm, which can be fine-tuned by varying the terminal capping ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pilar Del Río
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - B Eva Villarroya
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - José A López
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana M Geer
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Miguel A Ciriano
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Cristina Tejel
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, Facultad de Ciencias, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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Wheaton AM, Chipman JA, Roy MD, Berry JF. Metal-Metal Bond Umpolung in Heterometallic Extended Metal Atom Chains. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:15058-15069. [PMID: 36094078 PMCID: PMC9632685 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Understanding the fundamental properties governing metal–metal
interactions is crucial to understanding the electronic structure
and thereby applications of multimetallic systems in catalysis, material
science, and magnetism. One such property that is relatively underexplored
within multimetallic systems is metal–metal bond polarity,
parameterized by the electronegativities (χ) of the metal atoms
involved in the bond. In heterobimetallic systems, metal–metal
bond polarity is a function of the donor–acceptor (Δχ)
interactions of the two bonded metal atoms, with electropositive early
transition metals acting as electron acceptors and electronegative
late transition metals acting as electron donors. We show in this
work, through the preparation and systematic study of a series of
Mo2M(dpa)4(OTf)2 (M = Cr, Mn, Fe,
Co, and Ni; dpa = 2,2′-dipyridylamide; OTf = trifluoromethanesulfonate)
heterometallic extended metal atom chain (HEMAC) complexes that this
expected trend in χ can be reversed. Physical characterization
via single-crystal X-ray diffraction, magnetometry, and spectroscopic
methods as well as electronic structure calculations supports the
presence of a σ symmetry 3c/3e– bond that
is delocalized across the entire metal-atom chain and forms the basis
of the heterometallic Mo2–M interaction. The delocalized
3c/3e– interaction is discussed within the context
of the analogous 3c/3e– π bonding in the vinoxy
radical, CH2CHO. The vinoxy comparison establishes three
predictions for the σ symmetry 3c/3e– bond
in HEMACS: (1) an umpolung effect that causes the
Mo–M interactions to become more covalent as Δχ
increases, (2) distortion of the σ bonding and non-bonding orbitals
to emphasize Mo–M bonding and de-emphasize Mo–Mo bonding,
and (3) an increase in Mo spin population with increasing Mo–M
covalency. In agreement with these predictions, we find that the Mo2···M covalency increases with increasing Δχ
of the Mo and M atoms (ΔχMo–M increases
as M = Cr < Mn < Fe < Co < Ni), an umpolung of the trend predicted in the absence of σ delocalization.
We attribute the observed trend in covalency to the decreased energic
differential (ΔE) between the heterometal orbital and the σ bonding molecular
orbital of the Mo2 quadruple bond, which serves as an energetically
stable, “ligand”-like electron-pair donor to the heterometal
ion acceptor. As M is changed from Cr to Ni, the σ bonding and
nonbonding orbitals do indeed distort as anticipated, and the spin
population of the outer Mo group is increased by at least a factor
of 2. These findings provide a predictive framework for multimetallic
compounds and advance the current understanding of the electronic
structures of molecular heteromultimetallic systems, which can be
extrapolated to applications in the context of mixed-metal surface
catalysis and multimetallic proteins. This
work describes how use of a metal−metal quadruply
bonded metalloligand can reverse expected trends in metal−metal
bond polarity through the preparation and systematic study of a novel
series of Mo2M(dpa)4(OTf)2 (M = Cr,
Mn, Fe, Co, and Ni) heterotrimetallic extended metal atom chain (HEMAC)
complexes. These complexes feature a 3c/3e− metal−metal
bond that is delocalized across the entire metal atom chain and is
compared to the 3c/3e− π bonding in the vinoxyl
radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia M Wheaton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jill A Chipman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael D Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Uemura K, Aoki Y, Takamori A. Paramagnetic one-dimensional chains containing high-spin manganese atoms showing antiferromagnetic interaction through -Pt-Rh-Rh-Pt- bonds. Dalton Trans 2021; 51:946-957. [PMID: 34928286 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt03537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To exploit the magnetic interactions of multiple metals, a heterometallic one-dimensional (1D) chain containing three kinds of metals, Rh, Pt, and Mn, where [Rh2(O2CCH3)4] and [Pt2Mn(piam)4(NH3)4]2+ (piam = pivalamidate) are connected through unbridged Rh-Pt bonds to form -Rh-Rh-Pt-Mn-Pt- alignments was successfully synthesized. The Mn atoms are tetrahedrally coordinated by four oxygen atoms of the piam ligands, where the coordination geometries form a zigzag 1D chain. Each Mn atom is linked by -Pt-Rh-Rh-Pt-, with a Mn-Mn separation of 13.9 Å. In parent [Pt2Mn(piam)4(NH3)4](PF6)2, Mn adopts two coordination environments, octahedral and tetrahedral, both of which are Mn(+2) high-spin states. In EtOH, [Rh2(O2CCH3)4] selectively binds tetrahedral Mn to afford a 1D chain. Physical analysis of the 1D chain using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that all metals are divalent, indicating five unpaired spin-localized electrons on the Mn atoms. Magnetic susceptibility measurements indicated antiferromagnetic intra-chain interactions between the Mn atoms in the 1D chain, where χT at 300 K was 5.33 cm3 K mol-1 and gradually decreased to 1.65 cm3 K mol-1 at 2 K. Theoretical fitting of the magnetic behavior showed weak exchange coupling (zJ = -0.43 cm-1) between two high-spin Mn(+2) ions through diamagnetic Pt-Rh-Rh-Pt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Uemura
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Aoki
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Takamori
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering, Gifu University, Yanagido 1-1, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan.
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Uemura K, Yasuda E, Sugiyama Y. Improving the Solubility of Hexanuclear Heterometallic Extended Metal Atom Chain Compounds in Nonpolar Solvents by Introducing Alkyl Amine Moieties. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:18487-18503. [PMID: 34308079 PMCID: PMC8296546 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c02634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (HOMO-LUMO) interaction at the d z 2 orbital between two kinds of metal complex is useful for obtaining heterometallic one-dimensional (1D) chains as well as heterometallic metal string compounds (HMSCs). Platinum dinuclear complexes, [Pt2(piam)2(NH2R)4]X2 (piam = pivalamidate, R = CH3, C2H5, C3H7, or C4H9, X = anion), comprising σ* as HOMO were mixed with [Rh2(O2CCH3)4] comprising σ* as LUMO in solvents to afford single crystals of [{Rh2(O2CCH3)4}{Pt2(piam)2(NH2R)4}2]X4 (2-5). Single-crystal X-ray analyses revealed that 2-5 are hexanuclear complexes that are one-dimensionally aligned as Pt-Pt-Rh-Rh-Pt-Pt with metal-metal bonds, where the alkyl moieties at end Pt atoms obstruct further 1D extension. Complexes 2-5 appear as if they are cut off from an infinite chain [{Rh2(O2CCH3)4}{Pt2(piam)2(NH3)4}2] n (PF6)4n ·6nH2O (1) aligned as -{Pt-Pt-Rh-Rh-Pt-Pt} n -. The diffuse reflectance spectrum of 1 depicts broad shoulder bands, which are not present in the spectra of 2-5, proving that the infinite chain 1 forms a band structure. Compounds 4 and 5 with propyl or butyl moieties at amine ligands, respectively, are soluble in nonpolar solvents, such as CH2Cl2, without the dissociation of their hexanuclear structures. Taking advantage of their solubility, measurement of cyclic voltammetry in CH2Cl2 become possible, which shows the quasi-reversible oxidation and reduction waves at 4: E ox = 0.86 V and E red = 0.69 V and 5: E ox = 0.87 V and E red = 0.53 V.
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Nicolini A, Affronte M, SantaLucia DJ, Borsari M, Cahier B, Caleffi M, Ranieri A, Berry JF, Cornia A. Tetrairon(II) extended metal atom chains as single-molecule magnets. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:7571-7589. [PMID: 33983354 PMCID: PMC8214398 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt01007g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iron-based extended metal atom chains (EMACs) are potentially high-spin molecules with axial magnetic anisotropy and thus candidate single-molecule magnets (SMMs). We herein compare the tetrairon(ii), halide-capped complexes [Fe4(tpda)3Cl2] (1Cl) and [Fe4(tpda)3Br2] (1Br), obtained by reacting iron(ii) dihalides with [Fe2(Mes)4] and N2,N6-di(pyridin-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-diamine (H2tpda) in toluene, under strictly anhydrous and anaerobic conditions (HMes = mesitylene). Detailed structural, electrochemical and Mössbauer data are presented along with direct-current (DC) and alternating-current (AC) magnetic characterizations. DC measurements revealed similar static magnetic properties for the two derivatives, with χMT at room temperature above that for independent spin carriers, but much lower at low temperature. The electronic structure of the iron(ii) ions in each derivative was explored by ab initio (CASSCF-NEVPT2-SO) calculations, which showed that the main magnetic axis of all metals is directed close to the axis of the chain. The outer metals, Fe1 and Fe4, have an easy-axis magnetic anisotropy (D = -11 to -19 cm-1, |E/D| = 0.05-0.18), while the internal metals, Fe2 and Fe3, possess weaker hard-axis anisotropy (D = 8-10 cm-1, |E/D| = 0.06-0.21). These single-ion parameters were held constant in the fitting of DC magnetic data, which revealed ferromagnetic Fe1-Fe2 and Fe3-Fe4 interactions and antiferromagnetic Fe2-Fe3 coupling. The competition between super-exchange interactions and the large, noncollinear anisotropies at metal sites results in a weakly magnetic non-Kramers doublet ground state. This explains the SMM behavior displayed by both derivatives in the AC susceptibility data, with slow magnetic relaxation in 1Br being observable even in zero static field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nicolini
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM, I-41125 Modena, Italy. and Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Marco Affronte
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Daniel J SantaLucia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Marco Borsari
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM, I-41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Benjamin Cahier
- Max-Planck-Institut für Kohlenforschung, Kaiser-Wilhelm-Platz 1, 45470 Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany
| | - Matteo Caleffi
- Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Antonio Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA
| | - Andrea Cornia
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM, I-41125 Modena, Italy.
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Spivak M, de Graaf C, Arcisauskaite V, López X. Gating the conductance of extended metal atom chains: a computational analysis of Ru 3(dpa) 4(NCS) 2 and [Ru 3(npa) 4(NCS) 2]. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:14836-14844. [PMID: 34212973 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp02429a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The effects of a gate potential on the conductance of two members of the EMAC family, Ru3(dpa)4(NCS)2 and its asymmetric analogue, [Ru3(npa)4(NCS)2]+, are explored with a density functional approach combined with non-equilibrium Green's functions. From a computational perspective, the inclusion of an electrochemical gate potential represents a significant challenge because the periodic treatment of the electrode surface resists the formation of charged species. However, it is possible to mimic the effects of the electrochemical gate by including a very electropositive or electronegative atom in the unit cell that will effectively reduce or oxidize the molecule under study. In this contribution we compare this approach to the more conventional application of a solid-state gate potential, and show that both generate broadly comparable results. For two extended metal atom chain (EMAC) compounds, Ru3(dpa)4(NCS)2 and [Ru3(npa)4(NCS)2], we show that the presence of a gate potential shifts the molecular energy levels in a predictable way relative to the Fermi level, with distinct peaks in the conductance trace emerging as these levels enter the bias window.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariano Spivak
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK and Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
| | - Coen de Graaf
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain. and Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vaida Arcisauskaite
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, UK
| | - Xavier López
- Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Marcel·lí Domingo 1, 43007 Tarragona, Spain.
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7
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Guillet GL, Arpin KY, Boltin AM, Gordon JB, Rave JA, Hillesheim PC. Synthesis and Characterization of a Linear Triiron(II) Extended Metal Atom Chain Complex with Fe–Fe Bonds. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11238-11243. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gary L. Guillet
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Kathleen Y. Arpin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Alan M. Boltin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Jesse B. Gordon
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Justin A. Rave
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Southern University, 11935 Abercorn Street, Savannah, Georgia 31419, United States
| | - Patrick C. Hillesheim
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Ave Maria University, 5050 Ave Maria Boulevard, Ave Maria, Florida 34142, United States
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Chiu CC, Cheng MC, Lin SH, Yan CW, Lee GH, Chang MC, Lin TS, Peng SM. Structure and magnetic properties of a novel heteroheptanuclear metal string complex [Ni 3Ru 2Ni 2(μ 7-teptra) 4(NCS) 2](PF 6). Dalton Trans 2020; 49:6635-6643. [PMID: 32367097 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00156b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of a novel heteroheptanuclear metal string complex (HMSC) [Ni3Ru2Ni2(μ7-teptra)4(NCS)2](PF6) 1 supported by tetra-pyridyl-tri-amine (H3teptra) ligands. We employed X-ray diffraction and other spectroscopic techniques to characterize the complex. The observed remarkably short Ru-Ru distance of 2.2499(3) Å for 1 is indicative of a unique metal-metal interaction in the mixed-valence [Ru2]5+ (S = 3/2) unit. The complex exhibits a relatively high magnetic moment value of 4.55 B.M. at 4 K, which increases rapidly to 6.00 B.M. at 30 K and remains at 6.11 B.M. from 50 to 300 K as shown by SQUID measurements, indicating a high spin (S≥ 3/2) system which is further supported by the analyses of EPR spectra at low temperatures. These magnetic behaviors can be ascribed to the result of spin-exchange interactions among multi-spin centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chang Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, No. 1, Sec. 4, Roosevelt Rd., 10617 Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
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Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the past 10-15 years on the design, synthesis, and properties of multimetallic coordination complexes with heterometallic metal-metal bonds that are paramagnetic. Several general classes have been explored including heterobimetallic compounds, heterotrimetallic compounds of either linear or triangular geometry, discrete molecular compounds containing a linear array of more than three metal atoms, and coordination polymers with a heterometallic metal-metal bonded backbone. We focus in this Review on the synthetic methods employed to access these compounds, their structural features, magnetic properties, and electronic structure. Regarding the metal-metal bond distances, we make use of the formal shortness ratio (FSR) for comparison of bond distances between a broad range of metal atoms of different sizes. The magnetic properties of these compounds can be described using an extension of the Goodenough-Kanamori rules to cases where two magnetic ions interact via a third metal atom. In describing the electronic structure, we focus on the ability (or not) of electrons to be delocalized across heterometallic bonds, allowing for rationalizations and predictions of single-molecule conductance measurements in paramagnetic heterometallic molecular wires.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Chipman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Uemura K, Miyake R. Paramagnetic One-Dimensional Chain Complex Consisting of Three Kinds of Metallic Species Showing Magnetic Interaction through Metal-Metal Bonds. Inorg Chem 2019; 59:1692-1701. [PMID: 31877032 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b02844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
A heterometallic and paramagnetic one-dimensional (1-D) chain (3) aligned as -Rh(+2)-Rh(+2)-Pt(+2)-Co(+2)-Pt(+2)- with direct metal-metal bonds was obtained by HOMO-LUMO interactions at the σ* (dz2) orbital between two kinds of complexes. The 1-D chains in 3 have relatively straight backbones because the raw material complexes, [Rh2(O2CCH3)4] and [Pt2Co(piam)4(NH3)4], are connected and stacked in a face-to-face fashion, where Co---Co are separated by about 13.3 Å with four different metals. Physical measurements revealed that 3 has a band gap between the σ-type conduction and valence bands, where d-orbitals of the Co ion with three unpaired electrons are laid among them. The magnetic behavior of 3 was investigated and found to be consistent with a complex interaction involving both zero-field splitting and Pauli paramagnetism attributed to band formation superimposed on relatively strong exchange coupling (zJ = -22.2 cm-1) between two high-spin Co(+2) ions separated by the diamagnetic Pt-Rh-Rh-Pt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuhiro Uemura
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido 1-1 , Gifu , 501-1193 , Japan
| | - Rika Miyake
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Science, Faculty of Engineering , Gifu University , Yanagido 1-1 , Gifu , 501-1193 , Japan
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Nakagaki M, Nakatani N, Sakaki S. How to understand very weak Cr-Cr double bonds and negative spin populations in trinuclear Cr complexes: theoretical insight. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22976-22989. [PMID: 31599298 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03645h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Trinuclear Cr(ii) complex [Cr3(dpa)4Cl2] 1 (Hdpa = dipyridylamine) has two Cr-Cr double bonds linked with each other. DMRG-CASPT2 calculations reproduced its symmetrical structure. The Cr-Cr effective bond order (EBO) was evaluated to be only 0.59 based on the density matrix based on localized orbitals from DMRG-CASSCF orbitals. The CASCI calculations showed a significantly large α-spin population on the terminal Cr atoms as expected but a significantly large β-spin population on the central Cr atom against expectations. The very small EBO and the presence of a large β-spin population are not consistent with the simple understanding that 1 has two Cr-Cr double bonds and a quintet ground state, which requests correct understanding of 1 from the viewpoint of chemical bond theory. Comparison of 1 with the allene molecule and allyl radical disclosed that the linked Cr-Cr bonds of 1 resembled the C-C bond of the allyl radical but completely differed from the linked C-C double bonds of allene despite the similar molecular structure. Its N3 analogue [Cr3(dpa)4(N3)2] 2 has non-symmetrical structure with shorter Cr1-Cr2 and longer Cr2-Cr3 bonds unlike 1, indicating that 2 is a valence tautomer of 1. DMRG-CASPT2 could reproduce its non-symmetrical structure but DFT/B3PW91 could not. In 2, the EBO is 0.95 for the shorter Cr1-Cr2 bond and 0.47 for the longer Cr2-Cr3 one. The terminal Cr3 has a very large α spin population, and the other terminal Cr1 has a somewhat large α spin population, but the central Cr2 has a considerably large β spin population. These results indicate that the Cr1-Cr2 bond conjugates with the Cr2-Cr3 bond, which is inconsistent with the simple understanding that 2 has a quadruple bond between Cr1 and Cr2 and no bond between Cr2 and Cr3. The symmetrical structure has a stronger Cr-X coordinate bond (X = Cl or N3) but less stable Cr3 core than does the non-symmetrical one. The relative stabilities of the symmetrical and the non-symmetrical structures are determined by the balance between stabilization energies from the Cr3 core and the Cr-X coordinate bond. All these findings show that electronic structures and Cr-Cr bonds of 1 and 2 are interesting from the viewpoint of molecular science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Nakagaki
- Fukui Institute for Fundamental Chemistry, Kyoto University, Takano-Nishihiraki-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8103, Japan.
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12
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Halder P, SantaLucia DJ, Park SV, Berry JF. From Pincer to Paddlewheel: C-H and C-S Bond Activation at Bis(2-pyridylthio)methane by Palladium(II). Inorg Chem 2019; 58:2270-2274. [PMID: 30698431 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The bis(2-pyridylthio)methanidopalladium(II) pincer complex (1), containing a Pd-C bond, was obtained from the reaction of bis(2-pyridylthio)methane (H2L) with palladium(II) acetate in toluene under reflux. When palladium(II) trifluoroacetate was used, H2L reacted to generate the tetrakis(pyridine-2-thiol)palladium(II) complex (2). Complex 2 was converted to a heterobimetallic palladium(II)-iron(II) paddlewheel complex (3) upon treatment with iron(II) triflate in the presence of a base in acetonitrile at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Partha Halder
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Daniel J SantaLucia
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - Sungho V Park
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
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13
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Yamashita M, Kawasumi Y, Tachibana Y, Horiuchi S, Yamamoto K, Murahashi T. Extended Open‐Chain Polyenides as Versatile Delocalized Anion Ligands for Metal Chain Clusters. Chemistry 2018; 25:1212-1216. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuki Yamashita
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Yuna Kawasumi
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Yuki Tachibana
- Research Center of Integrative Molecular Systems (CIMoS)Institute for Molecular ScienceNational Institutes of Natural Sciences Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
- Department of Applied ChemistryGraduate School of EngineeringOsaka University Suita Osaka 565-0871 Japan
| | - Shinnosuke Horiuchi
- Research Center of Integrative Molecular Systems (CIMoS)Institute for Molecular ScienceNational Institutes of Natural Sciences Myodaiji Okazaki Aichi 444-8787 Japan
| | - Koji Yamamoto
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
| | - Tetsuro Murahashi
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of Technology O-okayama Meguro-ku Tokyo 152-8552 Japan
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14
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Ou JH, Jin BY. Band Structures of Quasi-One-Dimensional Incommensurate Helical Systems: A Case Study of Infinite Chromium Extended Metal Atom Chain. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:9199-9208. [PMID: 30444123 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b07144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Extended metal atom chains (EMACs) are promising candidates for molecular wires but their band structures remain to be explored. As a quasi-one-dimensional (Q1D) system, the incommensurate helical nature of EMACs hinders such calculations. In this work, we resolved this issue via explicit implementation of helical symmetry. Moreover, the pattern of metal d bands was rationalized by a systematic investigation on a series of related Q1D helical systems. Two critical factors, helical ligand field and chemically asymmetric ligand field, are proposed and identified. We found that the symmetry and ligand fields of the system dominate the pattern of the metal d bands, instead of specific chemical composition of ligands. The presented method and rationale are applicable to not only EMACs but also related Q1D helical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jen-Hao Ou
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
| | - Bih-Yaw Jin
- Department of Chemistry , National Taiwan University , Taipei 10617 , Taiwan
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15
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Abstract
Clean axial ligand substitution reactions of heterometallic extended metal atom chains (HEMACs) supported by the dpa ligand (dpa = 2,2'-dipyridylamine) have been synthetically challenging due to side reactions that alter the trimetallic core. Following the hypothesis that a heterometallic core containing second-row transition metals would be more robust toward ligand substitution, we report the synthesis of three new heterotrimetallic compounds, Mo2Ni(dpa)4(OTf)2 (1), Mo2Ni(dpa)4(NCS)2 (2), and Mo2Ni(dpa)4(NCSe)2 (3) that are obtained cleanly and in good yield. Compound 1 may be synthesized either directly by reaction of Ni(OTf)2 with Mo2(dpa)4 (4) or indirectly, by reaction of Mo2Ni(dpa)4Cl2 (5) with 2 equiv of TlOTf. Axial ligand substitution on 1 via solutions containing NaNCS or KNCSe afford 2 or 3, respectively. X-ray crystal structures of 1, 2, and 3 present short Mo-Ni distances of 2.458(8)Å /2.47(1) Å, 2.548(1), and 2.546(1), respectively. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations indicate a 3-center 3-electron σ bonding interaction between the Mo2 quadruply bonded core and the Ni in both 1 and 2. These complexes were analyzed by SQUID magnetometry, supporting the presence of a high spin Ni2+ center with S = 1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Chipman
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin, Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry , University of Wisconsin, Madison , 1101 University Avenue , Madison , Wisconsin 53706 , United States
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16
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Nicolini A, Galavotti R, Barra AL, Borsari M, Caleffi M, Luo G, Novitchi G, Park K, Ranieri A, Rigamonti L, Roncaglia F, Train C, Cornia A. Filling the Gap in Extended Metal Atom Chains: Ferromagnetic Interactions in a Tetrairon(II) String Supported by Oligo-α-pyridylamido Ligands. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:5438-5448. [PMID: 29668273 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The stringlike complex [Fe4(tpda)3Cl2] (2; H2tpda = N2, N6-bis(pyridin-2-yl)pyridine-2,6-diamine) was obtained as the first homometallic extended metal atom chain based on iron(II) and oligo-α-pyridylamido ligands. The synthesis was performed under strictly anaerobic and anhydrous conditions using dimesityliron, [Fe2(Mes)4] (1; HMes = mesitylene), as both an iron source and a deprotonating agent for H2tpda. The four lined-up iron(II) ions in the structure of 2 (Fe···Fe = 2.94-2.99 Å, Fe···Fe···Fe = 171.7-168.8°) are wrapped by three doubly deprotonated twisted ligands, and the chain is capped at its termini by two chloride ions. The spectroscopic and electronic properties of 2 were investigated in dichloromethane by UV-vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical measurements showed four fully resolved, quasi-reversible one-electron-redox processes, implying that 2 can adopt five oxidation states in a potential window of only 0.8 V. Direct current (dc) magnetic measurements indicate dominant ferromagnetic coupling at room temperature, although the ground state is only weakly magnetic. On the basis of density functional theory and angular overlap model calculations, this magnetic behavior was explained as being due to two pairs of ferromagnetically coupled iron(II) ions ( J = -21 cm-1 using JŜ i·Ŝ j convention) weakly antiferromagnetically coupled with each other. Alternating-current susceptibility data in the presence of a 2 kOe dc field and at frequencies up to 1.5 kHz revealed the onset of slow magnetic relaxation below 2.8 K, with the estimated energy barrier Ueff/ kB = 10.1(1.3) K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Nicolini
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM , I-41125 Modena , Italy.,Department of Physics, Informatics and Mathematics , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , I-41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Rita Galavotti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM , I-41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Anne-Laure Barra
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses-CNRS , Université Grenoble-Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France
| | - Marco Borsari
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM , I-41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Matteo Caleffi
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM , I-41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Guangpu Luo
- Department of Physics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Ghenadie Novitchi
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses-CNRS , Université Grenoble-Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France
| | - Kyungwha Park
- Department of Physics , Virginia Tech , Blacksburg , Virginia 24061 , United States
| | - Antonio Ranieri
- Department of Life Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia , I-41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Luca Rigamonti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM , I-41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Fabrizio Roncaglia
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM , I-41125 Modena , Italy
| | - Cyrille Train
- Laboratoire National des Champs Magnétiques Intenses-CNRS , Université Grenoble-Alpes , F-38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France
| | - Andrea Cornia
- Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences , University of Modena and Reggio Emilia & INSTM , I-41125 Modena , Italy
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17
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Chipman JA, Berry JF. Extraordinarily Large Ferromagnetic Coupling (J≥150 cm -1 ) by Electron Delocalization in a Heterometallic Mo≣Mo-Ni Chain Complex. Chemistry 2017; 24:1494-1499. [PMID: 29124828 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The new heterometallic chain compounds Mo2 Ni(dpa)4 Cl2 (1) and [Mo2 Ni(dpa)4 Cl2 ]OTf (2) (dpa=2,2'-dipyridylamine) have been prepared and studied by crystallography and magnetic susceptibility, among other methods. Oxidation of 1 to 2 removes an electron from the multiply bonded Mo2 unit, consistent with the formulation of 2 containing a (Mo2 )5+ ⋅⋅⋅(Ni)2+ core. While 1 contains an S=1, pseudo-octahedral NiII ion, 2 has an S=3/2 ground state, in which the two NiII unpaired electrons, one in a localized δ-orbital and one in a heavily delocalized σnb -orbital are joined by an unpaired electron in a Mo-Mo δ-orbital. The S=3/2 ground state is persistent to 300 K, evidencing strong ferromagnetic coupling of the Mo2 and Ni spins with J≥150 cm-1 . This ferromagnetic interaction occurs via delocalization of a σnb -electron across all three metal atoms, forcing ferromagnetic alignment of electrons in orthogonal Ni and Mo2 δ-symmetry orbitals. We anticipate that this new means of coupling spins can be used as a design principle for the preparation of new compounds with high spin ground states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jill A Chipman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53706, USA
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18
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Spivak M, Arcisauskaite V, López X, de Graaf C. Backbone flexibility of extended metal atom chains. Ab initio molecular dynamics for Cr3(dpa)4X2 (X = NCS, CN, NO3) in gas and crystalline phases. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:15487-15493. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt03520a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Computational study on the flexibility of chromium extended metal atom chains by ab initio molecular dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Spivak
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - V. Arcisauskaite
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QR
- UK
| | - X. López
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - C. de Graaf
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- 43007 Tarragona
- Spain
- ICREA
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19
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Chang WC, Chang CW, Sigrist M, Hua SA, Liu TJ, Lee GH, Jin BY, Chen CH, Peng SM. Nonhelical heterometallic [Mo2M(npo)4(NCS)2] string complexes (M = Fe, Co, Ni) with high single-molecule conductance. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:8886-8889. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc05449a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nonhelical metal strings, [MoMoM(npo)4(NCS)2], exhibited better overlaps of dx2−y2 between neighbouring metal centres, stronger MoMo bonds, and superior single-molecule conductance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Cheng Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Che-Wei Chang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Marc Sigrist
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Shao-An Hua
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Tsai-Jung Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Bih-Yaw Jin
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Chun-hsien Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Emerging Material and Advanced Devices
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
- Institute of Chemistry
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20
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Spivak M, Arcisauskaite V, López X, McGrady JE, de Graaf C. A multiconfigurational approach to the electronic structure of trichromium extended metal atom chains. Dalton Trans 2017; 46:6202-6211. [DOI: 10.1039/c7dt01096f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory, Complete Active Space Self-Consistent Field (CASSCF) and perturbation theory (CASPT2) methodologies have been used to explore the electronic structure of a series of trichromium Extended Metal Atom Chains (EMACS) with different capping ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Spivak
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- E-43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - V. Arcisauskaite
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QR
- UK
| | - X. López
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- E-43007 Tarragona
- Spain
| | - J. E. McGrady
- Department of Chemistry
- Inorganic Chemistry Laboratory
- University of Oxford
- Oxford OX1 3QR
- UK
| | - C. de Graaf
- Departament de Quimica Fisica i Inorgànica
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili
- E-43007 Tarragona
- Spain
- ICREA
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21
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Rej S, Majumdar M, Kando S, Sugino Y, Tsurugi H, Mashima K. Mixed Ligated Tris(amidinate)dimolybdenum Complexes as Catalysts for Radical Addition of CCl4 to 1-Hexene: Leaving Ligand Lability Controls Catalyst Activity. Inorg Chem 2016; 56:634-644. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Rej
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Moumita Majumdar
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shun Kando
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yoshitaka Sugino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Hayato Tsurugi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kazushi Mashima
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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22
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Yu LC, Lee GH, Sigrist M, Lin TS, Peng SM. Structure and Antiferromagnetism of Trinuclear Heterometallic Strings Containing MnII-MII-MnIIFrameworks (M = Ni, Pd, Pt). Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201600835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chung Yu
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; 10617 Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Chemistry; Academia Sinica; 11529 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Gene-Hsiang Lee
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Marc Sigrist
- Institute of Chemistry; Academia Sinica; 11529 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Tien-Sung Lin
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; 10617 Taipei Taiwan
| | - Shie-Ming Peng
- Department of Chemistry; National Taiwan University; 10617 Taipei Taiwan
- Institute of Chemistry; Academia Sinica; 11529 Taipei Taiwan
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23
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Guillet JL, Bhowmick I, Shores MP, Daley CJA, Gembicky M, Golen JA, Rheingold AL, Doerrer LH. Thiocyanate-Ligated Heterobimetallic {PtM} Lantern Complexes Including a Ferromagnetically Coupled 1D Coordination Polymer. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:8099-109. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jesse L. Guillet
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
| | - Indrani Bhowmick
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Matthew P. Shores
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort
Collins, Colorado 80523-1872, United States
| | - Christopher J. A. Daley
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0332, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Milan Gembicky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0332, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - James A. Golen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0332, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Arnold L. Rheingold
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0332, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Linda H. Doerrer
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, United States
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24
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Influence of Lewis acid charge and proximity in Mo Mo⋯M linear chain compounds with M = Na+, Ca2+, Sr2+, and Y3+. Polyhedron 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2015.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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25
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Brogden DW, Berry JF. Heterometallic Second-Row Transition Metal Chain Compounds in Two Charge States: Syntheses, Properties, and Electronic Structures of [Mo-Mo-Ru](6+/7+) Chains. Inorg Chem 2015. [PMID: 26200593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b01370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Reaction of Mo2(dpa)4 (dpa = 2,2'-dipyridylamido) with (1)/2 equiv of [Ru(CO)3Cl2]2 in molten naphthalene at 250 °C provides facile access to the first all-second-row transition metal heterometallic chain compound, MoMoRu(dpa)4Cl2 (1). The one-electron oxidized compound [MoMoRu(dpa)4Cl2](OTf) (2) is synthesized by reaction of 1 with FeCp2(OTf). X-ray crystallography reveals a contraction of the Mo-Ru bond distance from 2.38 Å in 1 to 2.30 Å in 2, and an elongation of the Mo-Mo bond distance from 2.12 Å in 1 to 2.21 Å in 2. The short Mo-Ru bond distances indicate significant electron delocalization along the Mo-Mo-Ru chain, which is quantified by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Molecular orbital analyses of both compounds based on DFT results reveal full delocalization of the orbitals of σ and π symmetry for both compounds. Additionally, δ orbital delocalization is observed in 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- David W Brogden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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26
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Sundberg J, Vad MS, McGrady JE, Björemark PM, Håkansson M, McKenzie CJ. Accessing iron amides from dimesityliron. J Organomet Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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27
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28
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Structure and bonding in trimetallic arrays containing a Cr–Cr quadruple bond: A challenge to density functional theory. Inorganica Chim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2014.08.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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29
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Dolinar BS, Berry JF. Electronic tuning of Mo2(thioamidate)4 complexes through π-system substituents and cis/trans isomerism. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:6165-76. [PMID: 24590395 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00297k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report an exploration of the coordination chemistry of a systematic series of cyclic thioamidate ligands with the quadruply-bonded Mo2(4+) core. In addition to the S and N donor atoms that bind to Mo, the ligands utilized in this study have an additional O or S atom in conjugation with the thioamidate π system. The preparation of four new Mo2 complexes is described, and these compounds are characterized by X-ray crystallography, NMR and UV-vis spectroscopy, electrochemistry, and DFT calculations. These complexes provide a means to interrogate the electronics of Mo2(thioamidate)4 systems. Notably, we describe the first two examples of Mo2(thioamidate)4 complexes in their cis-2,2-regioisomer. By varying the π-system substituent and regioisomerism of these compounds, the electronics of the dimolybdenum core is shown to be altered with varying degrees of effect. Cyclic voltammetry results show that changing the π-system substituent from O to S results in an increase in the Mo2(4+/5+) oxidation potential by 170 mV. Changing the arrangement of ligands around the dimolybdenum core from trans-2,2 to cis-2,2 slightly weakens the metal-ligand bonds, raising the oxidation potential by a more modest 30-100 mV. MO diagrams of each compound derived from DFT calculations support these conclusions as well; the identity of the π-system substituent alters the δ-δ* (HOMO-LUMO) gap by up to 0.4 eV, whereas regioisomerism yields smaller changes in the electronic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Dolinar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI 53704, USA.
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30
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Fukui H, Takamuku S, Yamada T, Fukuda K, Takebayashi T, Shigeta Y, Kishi R, Champagne B, Nakano M. Open-Shell Character and Second Hyperpolarizabilities of One-Dimensional Chromium(II) Chains: Size Dependence and Bond-Length Alternation Effect. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:8700-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501334p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Fukui
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Shota Takamuku
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Taishi Yamada
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Kotaro Fukuda
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Taku Takebayashi
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yasuteru Shigeta
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Ryohei Kishi
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Benoît Champagne
- Laboratoire
de Chimie Théorique, University of Namur, rue de Bruxelles,
61, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Masayoshi Nakano
- Department
of Materials Engineering Science, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
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31
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Brogden DW, Turov Y, Nippe M, Li Manni G, Hillard EA, Clérac R, Gagliardi L, Berry JF. Oxidative Stretching of Metal–Metal Bonds to Their Limits. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:4777-90. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5007204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David W. Brogden
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yevgeniya Turov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Michael Nippe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Giovanni Li Manni
- Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing
Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Hillard
- CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Rodolphe Clérac
- CNRS, CRPP, UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, CRPP, UPR 8641, F-33600 Pessac, France
| | - Laura Gagliardi
- Department of Chemistry, Supercomputing
Institute, and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - John F. Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Krogman JP, Thomas CM. Metal–metal multiple bonding in C3-symmetric bimetallic complexes of the first row transition metals. Chem Commun (Camb) 2014; 50:5115-27. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc47537a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Liu YC, Wu SX, Su ZM, Zhang HY. Can a linear metal–metal bonded array of tetravanadium be stabilized between two dicyclopenta[a,e]pentalene ligands? A theoretical investigation. NEW J CHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3nj00857f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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A novel triruthenium metal string complex with naphthylridylamide ligand: Synthesis, structure, magnetism, and molecular conductance. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2013.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Wilkinson LA, McNeill L, Scattergood PA, Patmore NJ. Hydrogen Bonding and Electron Transfer between Dimetal Paddlewheel Compounds Containing Pendant 2-Pyridone Functional Groups. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:9683-91. [PMID: 23927688 DOI: 10.1021/ic401555g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Wilkinson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
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Abstract
We report here the syntheses, X-ray crystal structures, electrochemistry, and density functional theory (DFT) single-point calculations of three new complexes: tetrakis(monothiosuccinimidato)dimolybdenum(II) [Mo2(SNO5)4, 1a], tetrakis(6-thioxo-2-piperidinonato)dimolybdenum(II) [Mo2(SNO6)4, 1b], and chlorotetrakis(monothiosuccinimidato)pyridinelithiumdimolybdenum(II) [pyLiMo2(SNO5)4Cl, 2-py]. X-ray crystallography shows unusually short axial Mo2-Cl bond lengths in 2-py, 2.6533(6) Å, and dimeric 2-dim, 2.644(1) Å, which we propose result from an increased Lewis acidity of the Mo2 unit in the presence of the proximal Li(+) ion. When 2-py is dissolved in MeCN, the lithium reversibly dissociates, forming an equilibrium mixture of (MeCNLiMo2(SNO5)4Cl) (2-MeCN) and [Li(MeCN)4](+)[Mo2(SNO5)4Cl](-) (3). Cyclic voltammetry was used to determine the equilibrium lithium binding constant (room temperature, K(eq) = 95 ± 1). From analysis of the temperature dependence of the equilibrium constant, thermodynamic parameters for the formation of 2-MeCN from 3 (ΔH° = -6.96 ± 0.93 kJ mol(-1) and ΔS° = 13.9 ± 3.5 J mol(-1) K(-1)) were extracted. DFT calculations indicate that Li(+) affects the Mo-Cl bond length through polarization of metal-metal bonding/antibonding molecular orbitals when lithium and chloride are added to the dimolybdenum core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Dolinar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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Low-symmetry distortions in Extended Metal Atom Chains (EMACs): Origins and consequences for electron transport. Coord Chem Rev 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2012.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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DeBrincat D, Keers O, McGrady JE. Can heterometallic 1-dimensional chains support current rectification? Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 49:9116-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cc45063e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Turov Y, Berry JF. Synthesis, characterization and thermal properties of trimetallic N3-Cr[quadruple bond]Cr···M-N3 azide complexes with M = Cr, Mn, Fe, and Co. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:8153-61. [PMID: 22706689 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30150d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report here two novel synthetic pathways toward the preparation of a family of trimetallic diazide compounds of the type Cr(2)M(dpa)(4)(N(3))(2), with M = Cr (10), Mn (4), Fe (5), and Co (11). Reaction of either Cr(2)M(dpa)(4)(OTf)(2) (for M = Mn and Fe) or [Cr(2)M(dpa)(4)(MeCN)(2)](PF(6))(2) (for M = Cr and Co) with sodium azide in methanol leads to the formation of the corresponding diazide compounds, and single crystal X-ray diffraction measurements confirm the predicted structures. Compounds 4, 5, and 10 are all high-spin compounds, but 11 is a spin-crossover compound exhibiting low-spin behavior at low temperatures (~100 K). Thermolytic characterization by DSC and TGA reveals an exothermic reaction corresponding to the loss of two dinitrogen molecules from compounds 5, 10, and 11. Further characterization by solution NMR measurements and cyclic voltammetry are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yevgeniya Turov
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Ave., Madison, WI 53706, USA
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