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Maier KB, Rust LN, Carniato F, Botta M, Woods M. α-Aryl substituted GdDOTA derivatives, the perfect contrast agents for MRI? Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:2898-2901. [PMID: 38234268 PMCID: PMC10919327 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05989h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Enhancing the performance of Gd3+ chelates as relaxation agents for MRI has the potential to lower doses, improving safety and mitigating the environmental impact on our surface waters. More than three decades of research into manipulating the properties of Gd3+ have failed to develop a chelate that simultaneously optimizes all relevant parameters and affords maximal relaxivity. Introducing aryl substituents into the α-position of the pendant arms of a GdDOTA chelate affords chelates that, for the first time, simultaneously optimize all physico-chemical properties. Slowing tumbling by binding to human serum albumin affords a relaxivity of 110 ± 5 mM-1 s-1, close to the maximum possible. As discrete chelates, these α-aryl substituted GdDOTA chelates exhibit relaxivities that are 2-3 times higher than those of currently used agents, even at the higher fields (1.5 & 3.0 T) used in modern clinical MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karley B Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, 1719 SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
| | - Lauren N Rust
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, 1719 SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
| | - Fabio Carniato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Alessandria I-15121, Italy.
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro", Alessandria I-15121, Italy.
| | - Mark Woods
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University, 1719 SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR, 97201, USA.
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 1381 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR, 97239, USA.
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Maier KB, Rust LN, Kupara CI, Woods M. Diastereoselective Synthesis of α-Aryl-Substituted LnDOTA Chelates from Achiral Starting Materials by Deracemization Under Mild Conditions. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301887. [PMID: 37519104 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Substituted derivatives of the DOTA framework are of general interest to alter chelate properties and facilitate the conjugation of chelates to other molecular structures. However, the scope of substituents that can be introduced into the α-position has traditionally been limited by the availability of a suitable enantiopure starting materials to facilitate a stereoselective synthesis. Tetra-substituted DOTA derivatives with phenyl and benzoate substituents in the α-position have been prepared. Initial syntheses used enantiopure starting materials but did not afford enantiopure products. This indicates that the integrity of the stereocenters was not preserved during synthesis, despite the homo-chiral diastereoisomer being the major reaction product. The homochiral diastereoisomer could be produced as the major or sole reaction product when starting from racemic or even achiral materials. Deracemization was found to occur during chelation through the formation of an enolate stabilized by the aryl substituent. This general ability of aryl groups to enable deracemization greatly increases the range of substituents that can be introduced into DOTA-type ligands with diastereochemical selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karley B Maier
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University 1719, SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Lauren N Rust
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University 1719, SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Charlene I Kupara
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University 1719, SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
| | - Mark Woods
- Department of Chemistry, Portland State University 1719, SW 10th Ave, Portland, OR 97201, USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health and Science University, 1381 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
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Lyons T, Kekedjian C, Glaser P, Ohlin CA, van Eldik R, Rodriguez O, Albanese C, Van Keuren E, Stoll SL. Molecular Parameters Promoting High Relaxivity in Cluster-Nanocarrier Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Agents. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:10.1021/acsami.2c12584. [PMID: 36283049 PMCID: PMC10502962 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the mechanism of relaxivity for two magnetic resonance imaging contrast agents that both employ a cluster-nanocarrier design. The first system termed Mn8Fe4-coPS comprises the cluster Mn8Fe4O12(L)16(H2O)4 or Mn8Fe4 (1) (L = carboxylate) co-polymerized with polystyrene to form ∼75 nm nanobeads. The second system termed Mn3Bpy-PAm used the cluster Mn3(O2CCH3)6(Bpy)2 or Mn3Bpy (2) where Bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, entrapped in ∼180 nm polyacrylamide nanobeads. Here, we investigate the rate of water exchange of the two clusters, and corresponding cluster-nanocarriers, in order to elucidate the mechanism of relaxivity in the cluster-nanocarrier. Swift-Connick analysis of O-17 NMR was used to determine the water exchange rates of the clusters and cluster-nanocarriers. We found distinct differences in the water exchange rate between Mn8Fe4 and Mn8Fe4-coPS, and we utilized these differences to elucidate the nanobead structure. Using the transverse relaxivity from O-17 NMR line widths, we were able to determine the hydration state of the Mn3Bpy (2) cluster as well as Mn3Bpy-PAm. Using these hydration states in the Swift-Connick analysis of O-17 NMR, we found the water exchange rate to be extremely close in value for the cluster Mn3Bpy and cluster-nanocarrier Mn3Bpy-PAm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Lyons
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C.20057, United States
| | - Chloe Kekedjian
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C.20057, United States
| | - Priscilla Glaser
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C.20057, United States
| | - C André Ohlin
- Department of Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå907 36, Sweden
| | - Rudi van Eldik
- Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun87 100, Poland
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Egerlandstrasse 1, Erlangen91058, Germany
| | - Olga Rodriguez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.20057, United States
| | - Christopher Albanese
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.20057, United States
- Department of Radiology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, D.C.20057, United States
| | - Edward Van Keuren
- Department of Physics, and Institute for Soft Matter Synthesis and Metrology, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C.20057, United States
| | - Sarah L Stoll
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, 37th and O Streets NW, Washington, D.C.20057, United States
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Holzapfel M, Baldau T, Kerpa S, Guadalupi G, Qi B, Liu Y, Parak WJ, Maison W. Solution Structure and Relaxivity of Ln‐DOTXAZA Derivatives. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Malte Holzapfel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Polymer Research: Fraunhofer-Institut fur Angewandte Polymerforschung IAP Center for Applied Nanoscience GERMANY
| | - Torben Baldau
- Universität Hamburg: Universitat Hamburg Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | - Svenja Kerpa
- Universität Hamburg: Universitat Hamburg Department of Chemistry GERMANY
| | | | - Bing Qi
- Universität Hamburg: Universitat Hamburg Center for Hybrid Nanostructure GERMANY
| | - Yang Liu
- Universität Hamburg: Universitat Hamburg Center for Hybrid Nanostructure GERMANY
| | - Wolfgang J. Parak
- Universität Hamburg: Universitat Hamburg Center for Hybrid Nanostructure GERMANY
| | - Wolfgang Maison
- University of Hamburg Chemistry Bundesstr. 45 20146 Hamburg GERMANY
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Geng Y, Wu T, Han Q, Yang Y, Chen Z, Li X, Yin B, Zhou Y, Ling Y. Gadolinium-based contrast agents built of DO3A-pyridine scaffold: Precisely tuning carboxylate group for enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2022.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Rust L, Payne KM, Carniato F, Botta M, Woods M. Differences in the Relaxometric Properties of Regioisomeric Benzyl-DOTA Bifunctional Chelators: Implications for Molecular Imaging. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:1530-1538. [PMID: 31050414 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The bifunctional chelator S-2-(4-isothiocyanatobenzyl)-1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane- N, N', N″, N‴-1,4,7,10-tetraacetate (IB-DOTA) is on paper the most attractive of the commercially available bifunctional chelators for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) applications. The preserved DOTA scaffold is known to produce extremely kinetically and thermodynamically robust chelates with the Gd3+ ion. Also, ligation through four acetate pendant arms should ensure that the rapid water exchange kinetics so, crucial to the function of an MRI contrast agent are retained. However, upon ligation of the Gd3+ ion, IB-DOTA differentiates into two distinct isomers defined by the positions of the benzylic substituent (corner or side). A relaxometric analysis of these two isomers revealed marked differences in the property and behavior of the two chelates. Most notably the side isomer is found to be substantially more likely to aggregate in aqueous solution than its corner counterpart. This aggregation results in higher relaxivity for the side isomer versus the corner isomer, an observation that potentially obscures the impact of differences in water exchange kinetics between the two isomers. The side isomer is composed of a significant fraction of a twisted square antiprismatic coordination geometry that exchanges water more rapidly than optimal (τM = 7 ns) for maximizing relaxivity. The impact of this excessively fast exchange is not observed in the relaxivity of the side isomer only because in isolation this chelate tumbles much more slowly than the corner isomer. However, this situation is not expected to persist when the chelate is employed in a typical bioconjugate. These results imply that the corner isomer of IB-DOTA may represent a better choice of bifunctional chelator for bioconjugation applications in which a large macromolecule is to be tagged for MRI applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Rust
- Department of Chemistry , Portland State University , 1719 SW 10th Avenue , Portland , Oregon 97201 , United States
| | - Katherine M Payne
- Department of Chemistry , Portland State University , 1719 SW 10th Avenue , Portland , Oregon 97201 , United States
| | - Fabio Carniato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica , Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro" , Viale T. Michel 11 , I-15121 Alessandria , Italy
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica , Università del Piemonte Orientale "Amedeo Avogadro" , Viale T. Michel 11 , I-15121 Alessandria , Italy
| | - Mark Woods
- Department of Chemistry , Portland State University , 1719 SW 10th Avenue , Portland , Oregon 97201 , United States.,Advanced Imaging Research Center , Oregon Health and Science University , 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road , Portland , Oregon 97239 , United States
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Payne KM, Wilds JM, Carniato F, Botta M, Woods M. On Water and its Effect on the Performance of T
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-Shortening Contrast Agents. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Payne
- Department of Chemistry; Portland State University; 1719 SW 10 Ave Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Jennifer M. Wilds
- Department of Chemistry; Portland State University; 1719 SW 10 Ave Portland, OR 97201 USA
| | - Fabio Carniato
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; Viale Teresa Michel 11 15121 Alessandria Italy
| | - Mauro Botta
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Avanzate; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; Viale Teresa Michel 11 15121 Alessandria Italy
| | - Mark Woods
- Department of Chemistry; Portland State University; 1719 SW 10 Ave Portland, OR 97201 USA
- Advanced Imaging Research Center; Oregon Health and Science University; 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Rd Portland, OR 97239 USA
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Giovenzana GB, Lattuada L, Negri R. Recent Advances in Bifunctional Paramagnetic Chelates for MRI. Isr J Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201700028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni B. Giovenzana
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 I-28100 Novara Italy
| | - Luciano Lattuada
- Bracco Imaging SpA, Bracco Research Centre; Via Ribes 5 I-10010 Colleretto Giacosa TO, Italy
| | - Roberto Negri
- Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco; Università del Piemonte Orientale “A. Avogadro”; L.go Donegani 2/3 I-28100 Novara Italy
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Suchý M, Li AX, Milne M, Bartha R, Hudson RHE. DOTMA-based amides (DOTMAMs) as a platform for the development of PARACEST MRI contrast agents. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11741d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A synthetic methodology leading to previously unknown DOTMA-based secondary amides (DOTMAMs) has been developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Suchý
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- Center for Functional and Metabolic Mapping
| | - A. X. Li
- Center for Functional and Metabolic Mapping
- Robarts Research Institute
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - M. Milne
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - R. Bartha
- Center for Functional and Metabolic Mapping
- Robarts Research Institute
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
| | - R. H. E. Hudson
- Department of Chemistry
- The University of Western Ontario
- London
- Canada
- Centre for Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research
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Polarz S, Odendal JA, Hermann S, Klaiber A. Amphiphilic hybrids containing inorganic constituent: More than soap. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2015.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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