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Halder D, Jana Y, Piwowarska D, Gnutek P, Rudowicz C. Tailoring single-ion magnet properties of coordination polymer C 11H 18DyN 3O 9 (Dy-CP) using the radial effective charge model (RECM) and superposition model (SPM). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:19947-19959. [PMID: 38993160 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp01861c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
We investigate Dy-based coordination polymer C11H18DyN3O9 (Dy-CP) exhibiting single-ion magnet (SIM) properties, e.g., quantum tunnelling of magnetization (QTM), magnetic anisotropy, magnetic relaxation, and effective energy barrier (Ueff). To elucidate the underlying mechanisms, crystal field parameters (CFPs) for Dy3+ ions were modelled using the radial effective charge model (RECM) and superposition model (SPM), and the computational packages SIMPRE and SPECTRE. The modelled CFPs enable the prediction of the energy levels and associated wave functions, which successfully explain the field-induced Dy-CP SIM properties. The so-calculated magnetic susceptibility and isothermal magnetization match the experimental data reasonably well. The smaller energy separations of the first (Δ0-1 ∼ 31 cm-1) and the second (Δ0-2 = 74 cm-1) excited Kramers doublets suggest small Ueff = 65 cm-1 for Dy-CP. The magnetic moments of Dy3+ ions exhibit an easy-axis type magnetic anisotropy in the ground state, but change orientation in the excited states due to mixing of states from different Kramers doublets. Low-symmetry CF components play a crucial role in connecting different |±MJ〉 states within the ground multiplet, resulting in QTM and magnetic relaxation to the ground state occurring via the excited states. The RECM and SPM calculated CFP sets are standardized employing the 3DD package to enable meaningful comparison and assessing their mutual equivalence. The results demonstrate the correlation between structural and electronic features of the molecule and site symmetry and distortion of the local coordination polyhedra with SIM properties, offering insights for rational design of new SIMs. The importance of considering low-symmetry aspects in CFP modelling for accurate predictions of magnetic properties is highlighted. This study provides deeper understanding of field-induced behaviour in rare-earth-based SIMs and approaches for rationalization of experimentally measured SIMs' properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dinabandhu Halder
- Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India.
| | - Yatramohan Jana
- Department of Physics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani-741235, Nadia, WB, India.
| | - Danuta Piwowarska
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Paweł Gnutek
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechatronics, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, 70-311 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Czesław Rudowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University, 61-614 Poznań, Poland.
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2
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Yang Z, Galimova GR, He C, Doddipatla S, Mebel AM, Kaiser RI. Gas-Phase Formation of 1,3,5,7-Cyclooctatetraene (C 8H 8) through Ring Expansion via the Aromatic 1,3,5-Cyclooctatrien-7-yl Radical (C 8H 9•) Transient. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:22470-22478. [PMID: 36454210 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c06448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
Gas-phase 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene (C8H8) and triplet aromatic 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene (C8H8) were formed for the first time through bimolecular methylidyne radical (CH)-1,3,5-cycloheptatriene (C7H8) reactions under single-collision conditions on a doublet surface. The reaction involves methylidyne radical addition to the olefinic π electron system of 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene followed by isomerization and ring expansion to an aromatic 1,3,5-cyclooctatrien-7-yl radical (C8H9•). The chemically activated doublet radical intermediate undergoes unimolecular decomposition to 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene. Substituted 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene molecules can be prepared in the gas phase with hydrogen atom(s) in the 1,3,5-cycloheptatriene reactant being replaced by organic side groups. These findings are also of potential interest to organometallic chemists by expanding the synthesis of exotic transition-metal complexes incorporating substituted 1,3,5,7-cyclooctatetraene dianion (C8H82-) ligands and to untangle the unimolecular decomposition of chemically activated and substituted 1,3,5-cyclooctatrien-7-yl radical, eventually gaining a fundamental insight of their bonding chemistry, electronic structures, and stabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenghai Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii96822, United States
| | - Galiya R Galimova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida33199, United States
| | - Chao He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii96822, United States
| | - Srinivas Doddipatla
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii96822, United States
| | - Alexander M Mebel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida33199, United States
| | - Ralf I Kaiser
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawai'i at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii96822, United States
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Cerdeira AC, Leal JP, Avó J, Viola C, Casimiro MH, Ferreira LM, Paz FAA, Pereira LCJ, Pereira CCL, Monteiro B. Multifunctionality of the [C 2mim][Ln(fod) 4] series (Ln = Nd–Tm except Pm): magnetic, luminescence and thermochemical studies. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01415g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The [C2mim][Ln(fod)4] series presents a rare and reversible polymorphism, NIR and visible emission as well as SMM behavior. The varieties of physical behaviors make these compounds suitable for potential technological and/or biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C. Cerdeira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - João P. Leal
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Institute of Molecular Sciences, DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - João Avó
- Associate Laboratory i4HB–Institute for Health and Bioeconomy and Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences (IBB), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lis-boa, Portugal
| | - Catarina Viola
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Dep. de Química, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria H. Casimiro
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lis-boa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Luis M. Ferreira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Filipe A. A. Paz
- Department of Chemistry, CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, University of Aveiro, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Laura C. J. Pereira
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares (C2TN), DECN, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
| | - Cláudia C. L. Pereira
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Dep. de Química, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Monte de Caparica, Portugal
| | - Bernardo Monteiro
- Centro de Química Estrutural (CQE), Institute of Molecular Sciences, DEQ, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Campus Tecnológico e Nuclear, Estrada Nacional 10, 2695-066 Bobadela, Portugal
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4
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Pavlischuk AV, Pavlischuk VV. Influence of Molecular and Electronic Structure of Ln3+ Complexes on the Occurrence of Monoionic Magnetism: a Review. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11237-021-09686-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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5
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Swain DK, Mallik G, Srivastava P, Kushwaha AK, Rajput P, Jha SN, Lim S, Kim S, Rath S. Single Mn Atom Doping in Chiral Sensitive Assembled Gold Clusters to Molecular Magnet. ACS NANO 2021; 15:6289-6295. [PMID: 33666080 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c10260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chiral stirred optical and magnetic properties, through the doping of assembled ultrasmall metal clusters (AMCs), are promising discernment to rivet the molecule-like quantum devices. Here, the single manganese (Mn) atom doping and assembly of the gold cluster (Au8), leading to the chirality driven magnetism, has been achieved through a ligand-mediated growth. The X-ray absorption near edge structure and electron paramagnetic resonance studies corroborate the tetrahedral coordinated local structure of Mn dopant in the Au host. The optical and vibrational circular dichroic analysis affirms the modulation of chirality (negative to positive) in the presence of the Mn. A distinct ferromagnetic hysteresis loop at 300 K shows Mn ridden chiral sensitive ferromagnetism in contrary to the ligand influenced superparamagnetic undoped AMCs. The spin-polarized density functional theory level of calculations reveal the partial overlapping of spin-up and -down density of states in the doped AMCs, attributing to the ferromagnetic nature as like a molecular magnet suitable for the opto-spintronics application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak K Swain
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul Jatni, 752050, India
| | - Gyanadeep Mallik
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul Jatni, 752050, India
| | - Pooja Srivastava
- Department of Physics, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Lucknow, 226010, India
| | - Anoop K Kushwaha
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul Jatni, 752050, India
| | - Parasmani Rajput
- Beamline Development and Application Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Shambhu N Jha
- Beamline Development and Application Section, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | - Seokmin Lim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division of Nano and Information Technology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungchul Kim
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Satchidananda Rath
- School of Basic Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology Bhubaneswar, Argul Jatni, 752050, India
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Jung J, Islam MA, Pecoraro VL, Mallah T, Berthon C, Bolvin H. Derivation of Lanthanide Series Crystal Field Parameters From First Principles. Chemistry 2019; 25:15112-15122. [PMID: 31496013 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Two series of lanthanide complexes have been chosen to analyze trends in the magnetic properties and crystal field parameters (CFPs) along the two series: The highly symmetric LnZn16 (picHA)16 series (Ln=Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Yb; picHA=picolinohydroxamic acid) and the [Ln(dpa)3 ](C3 H5 N2 )3 ⋅3H2 O series (Ln=Ce-Yb; dpa=2,6-dipicolinic acid) with approximate three-fold symmetry. The first series presents a compressed coordination sphere of eight oxygen atoms whereas in the second series, the coordination sphere consists of an elongated coordination sphere formed of six oxygen atoms. The CFPs have been deduced from ab initio calculations using two methods: The AILFT (ab initio ligand field theory) method, in which the parameters are determined at the orbital level, and the ITO (irreducible tensor operator) decomposition, in which the problems are treated at the many-electron level. It has been found that the CFPs are transferable from one derivative to another, within a given series, as a first approximation. The sign of the second-order parameter B 0 2 differs in the two series, reflecting the different environments. It has been found that the use of the strength parameter S allows for an easy comparison between complexes. Furthermore, in both series, the parameters have been found to decrease in magnitude along the series, and this decrease is attributed to covalent effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Jung
- Theoretical division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico, 87545, USA
| | - M Ashraful Islam
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS, Université Toulouse III, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Vincent L Pecoraro
- Department of Chemistry, Willard H. Dow Laboratories, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, 48109, USA
| | - Talal Mallah
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS, Université de Paris-Sud 11, 91405, Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Claude Berthon
- CEA, Nuclear Energy Division, Radiochemistry Processes Department, DRCP, BP 17171, 30207, Bagnols sur Cèze, France
| | - Hélène Bolvin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS, Université Toulouse III, 118 route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
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7
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Hilgar JD, Bernbeck MG, Flores BS, Rinehart JD. Metal-ligand pair anisotropy in a series of mononuclear Er-COT complexes. Chem Sci 2018; 9:7204-7209. [PMID: 30746111 PMCID: PMC6335627 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc01361f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Synthetic control of the crystal field has elevated lanthanides to the forefront of single-molecule magnet (SMM) research, yet the resultant strong, predictable single-ion anisotropy has thus far not translated into equally impressive molecule-based magnets of higher dimensionality. This roadblock arises from the dual demands made of the crystal field: generate anisotropy and facilitate magnetic coupling. Here we demonstrate that particular metal-ligand pairs can dominate the single-ion electronic structure so fully that the remaining coordination sphere plays a minimal role in the magnitude and orientation of the magnetic anisotropy. This Metal-Ligand Pair Anisotropy (MLPA) effectively separates the crystal field into discrete components dedicated to anisotropy and magnetic coupling. To demonstrate an MLPA building unit, we synthesized four new mononuclear complexes that challenge the electronic structure of the iconic lanthanocene ([Ln(COT)2]+; COT2- = cyclooctatetraene dianion) complex which is known to generate strong anisotropy with Ln = Er3+. Variation in symmetry and coordination strength for Er(COT)I(THF)2 (THF = tetrahydrofuran) (1), Er(COT)I(Py)2 (Py = pyridine) (2), Er(COT)I(MeCN)2 (MeCN = acetonitrile) (3), and Er(COT)(Tp*) (Tp* = tris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)borate) (4) shows that the Er-COT unit stabilizes anisotropy despite deliberate de-optimization. All four half-sandwich complexes display SMM behavior with effective energy barriers of U eff = 95.6(9), 102.9(3.1), 107.1(1.3), and 133.6(2.2) cm-1 for 1-4 by a multi-relaxation-process fitting. More importantly, the basic state splittings remain intact and the anisotropy axes are within several degrees of normal to the COT2- ring according to complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculations. Further investigation of the MLPA conceptual framework is warranted as it can provide building units with well-defined magnetic orientation and strength. We envision that the through-barrier processes observed herein, such as quantum tunneling, can be mitigated by formation of larger clusters and molecule-based materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Hilgar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California - San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093 , USA .
| | - M G Bernbeck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California - San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093 , USA .
| | - B S Flores
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California - San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093 , USA .
| | - J D Rinehart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California - San Diego , La Jolla , CA 92093 , USA .
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8
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Bar AK, Kalita P, Singh MK, Rajaraman G, Chandrasekhar V. Low-coordinate mononuclear lanthanide complexes as molecular nanomagnets. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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9
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Liu JL, Chen YC, Tong ML. Symmetry strategies for high performance lanthanide-based single-molecule magnets. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:2431-2453. [PMID: 29492482 DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00266a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 639] [Impact Index Per Article: 106.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Toward promising candidates of quantum information processing, the rapid development of lanthanide-based single-molecule magnets (Ln-SMMs) highlights design strategies in consideration of the local symmetry of lanthanide ions. In this review, crystal-field theory is employed to demonstrate the electronic structures according to the semiquantitative electrostatic model. Then, specific symmetry elements are analysed for the elimination of transverse crystal fields and quantum tunnelling of magnetization (QTM). In this way, high-performance Ln-SMMs can be designed to enable extremely slow relaxation of magnetization, namely magnetic blocking; however, their practical magnetic characterization becomes increasingly challenging. Therefore, we will attempt to interpret the experimental behaviours and clarify some issues in detail. Finally, representative Ln-SMMs with specific local symmetries are summarized in combination with the discussion on the symmetry strategies, and some of the underlying questions are put forward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun-Liang Liu
- MOE Key Lab of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510275, P. R. China.
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10
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Alessandri R, Zulfikri H, Autschbach J, Bolvin H. Crystal Field in Rare‐Earth Complexes: From Electrostatics to Bonding. Chemistry 2018; 24:5538-5550. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Alessandri
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS Université Toulouse III 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
- Present address: Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials and Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Habiburrahman Zulfikri
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS Université Toulouse III 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
- Present address: MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology University of Twente, P.O. Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Jochen Autschbach
- Department of Chemistry University at Buffalo, State University of New York Buffalo NY 14260-3000 USA
| | - Hélène Bolvin
- Laboratoire de Chimie et Physique Quantiques, CNRS Université Toulouse III 118 route de Narbonne 31062 Toulouse France
- Hylleraas Center for Quantum Molecular Sciences Department of Chemistry University of Oslo Oslo Norway
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11
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Gupta T, Singh MK, Rajaraman G. Role of Ab Initio Calculations in the Design and Development of Lanthanide Based Single Molecule Magnets. TOP ORGANOMETAL CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/3418_2018_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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12
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13
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Ungur L, Chibotaru LF. Ab Initio Crystal Field for Lanthanides. Chemistry 2017; 23:3708-3718. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liviu Ungur
- Theory of Nanomaterials Group, Department of Chemistry, and; Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry -INPAC; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
- Theoretical Chemistry Group; Department of Chemistry; Lund University; Getingevagen 60 22100 Lund Sweden
| | - Liviu F. Chibotaru
- Theory of Nanomaterials Group, Department of Chemistry, and; Institute of Nanoscale Physics and Chemistry -INPAC; Katholieke Universiteit Leuven; Celestijnenlaan 200F 3001 Leuven Belgium
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14
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Meng YS, Jiang SD, Wang BW, Gao S. Understanding the Magnetic Anisotropy toward Single-Ion Magnets. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:2381-2389. [PMID: 27768294 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.6b00222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 282] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Single-molecule magnets (SMMs) can retain their magnetization status preferentially after removal of the magnetic field below a certain temperature. The unique property, magnetic bistable status, enables the molecule-scale SMM to become the next-generation high-density information storage medium. SMMs' new applications are also involved in high-speed quantum computation and molecular spintronics. The development of coordination chemistry, especially in transition metal (3d) and lanthanide (4f) complexes, diversifies SMMs by introducing new ones. In both 3d and 4f SMMs, the ligands play a fundamental role in determining the SMMs' magnetic properties. The strategies for rationally designing and synthesizing high-performance SMMs require a comprehensive understanding of the effects of a crystal field. In this Account, we focus mainly on the magneto-structural correlations of 4f or 3d single-ion magnets (SIMs), within which there is only one spin carrier. These one-spin carrier complexes benefit from getting rid of exchange interactions and relatively large distances of magnetic centers in the lattice, providing the ease to construct high-performance SIMs from the crystal field perspective. We will briefly introduce the crystal field approach for 4f or 3d complexes and then the magnetic anisotropy analysis via the displaced-charge electrostatic model. This idea has been proposed for years, and the related work is also highlighted. The angular-resolved magnetometry method, predominating in determining the magnetic anisotropic axes direction, is discussed. We also give a brief introduction of the quantum chemistry ab initio method, which has shown to be powerful in understanding the magnetic anisotropy and low-lying states. In the constructing and characterizing part, we give an overview of the SIMs based on lanthanide and transition ions, reported by our group in the past 5 years. In the 4f-SIMs survey, we discuss how β-diketonates and cyclomultienes, and their combination, as ligands to influence magnetic anisotropy and provide some suggestion on designing SIMs based on different lanthanide ions. In the 3d-SIMs survey, we fully discuss the correlation between zero-field-splitting parameter D and molecular geometrical angle parameters. Finally, we lay out the challenges and further development of SIMs. We hope the understanding we provide about single-ion magnetic properties will be helpful to design high-performance SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Shan Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory
of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials
Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Da Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory
of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials
Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory
of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials
Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory
of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials
Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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15
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Sun L, Zhang S, Qiao C, Chen S, Yin B, Wang W, Wei Q, Xie G, Gao S. Fine-Tuning of the Coordination Environment To Regulate the Magnetic Behavior in Solvent/Anion-Dependent DyIII Compounds: Synthesis, Structure, Magnetism, and Ab Initio Calculations. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:10587-10596. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Sheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Chengfang Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Utilization of Tailings Resources,
College of Chemical Engineering and Modern Materials, Shangluo University, Shangluo 726000, P. R. China
| | - Sanping Chen
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Bing Yin
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Wenyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Qing Wei
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Gang Xie
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
| | - Shengli Gao
- Key Laboratory of Synthetic and Natural Functional Molecule
Chemistry of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials
Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710127, China
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16
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Funes AV, Carrella L, Rentschler E, Alborés P. Exploring the Slow Relaxation of the Magnetization in CoIII
-Decorated {DyIII
2
} Units. Chemistry 2016; 22:14308-18. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201602681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro V. Funes
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE (CONICET); Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria C1428EHA Buenos Aires Argentina
| | - Luca Carrella
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Eva Rentschler
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry; Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz; Duesbergweg 10-14 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Pablo Alborés
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica; Analítica y Química Física/INQUIMAE (CONICET); Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales; Universidad de Buenos Aires; Pabellón 2, Ciudad Universitaria C1428EHA Buenos Aires Argentina
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17
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Aravena D, Venegas-Yazigi D, Ruiz E. Single-Molecule Magnet Properties of Transition-Metal Ions Encapsulated in Lacunary Polyoxometalates: A Theoretical Study. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:6405-13. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Aravena
- Departamento
de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y
Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40,
Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
| | - Diego Venegas-Yazigi
- Departamento
de Química de los Materiales, Facultad de Química y
Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Casilla 40,
Correo 33, Santiago, Chile
- Centro
Para El Desarrollo de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, CEDENNA, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eliseo Ruiz
- Departament
de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica and Institut
de Química Teòrica i Computacional, Universitat de Barcelona, Diagonal 645, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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18
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Lim KS, Baldoví JJ, Lee WR, Song JH, Yoon SW, Suh BJ, Coronado E, Gaita-Ariño A, Hong CS. Switching of Slow Magnetic Relaxation Dynamics in Mononuclear Dysprosium(III) Compounds with Charge Density. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:5398-404. [PMID: 27186802 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The symmetry around a Dy ion is recognized to be a crucial parameter dictating magnetization relaxation dynamics. We prepared two similar square-antiprismatic complexes, [Dy(LOMe)2(H2O)2](PF6) (1) and Dy(LOMe)2(NO3) (2), where LOMe = [CpCo{P(O)(O(CH3))2}3], including either two neutral water molecules (1) or an anionic nitrate ligand (2). We demonstrated that in this case relaxation dynamics is dramatically affected by the introduction of a charged ligand, stabilizing the easy axis of magnetization along the nitrate direction. We also showed that the application of either a direct-current field or chemical dilution effectively stops quantum tunneling in the ground state of 2, thereby increasing the relaxation time by over 3 orders of magnitude at 3.5 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Soo Lim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - José J Baldoví
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Woo Ram Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwa Song
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Won Yoon
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of Korea , Buchon 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Byoung Jin Suh
- Department of Physics, The Catholic University of Korea , Buchon 420-743, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Alejandro Gaita-Ariño
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol), Universidad de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, E-46980 Paterna, Spain
| | - Chang Seop Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University , Seoul 136-713, Republic of Korea
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19
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Lucaccini E, Briganti M, Perfetti M, Vendier L, Costes JP, Totti F, Sessoli R, Sorace L. Relaxation Dynamics and Magnetic Anisotropy in a Low-Symmetry Dy(III) Complex. Chemistry 2016; 22:5552-62. [PMID: 26960531 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201505211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The magnetic behaviour of a Dy(LH)3 complex (LH(-) is the anion of 2-hydroxy-N'-[(E)-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)methylidene]benzhydrazide) was analysed in depth from both theoretical and experimental points of view. Cantilever torque magnetometry indicated that the complex has Ising-type anisotropy, and provided two possible directions for the easy axis of anisotropy due to the presence of two magnetically non-equivalent molecules in the crystal. Ab initio calculations confirmed the strong Ising-type anisotropy and disentangled the two possible orientations. The computed results obtained by using ab initio calculations were then used to rationalise the composite dynamic behaviour observed for both pure Dy(III) phase and Y(III) diluted phase, which showed two different relaxation channels in zero and non-zero static magnetic fields. In particular, we showed that the relaxation behaviour at the higher temperature range can be correctly reproduced by using a master matrix approach, which suggests that Orbach relaxation is occurring through a second excited doublet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Lucaccini
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U.Schiff" and UdR INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Matteo Briganti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U.Schiff" and UdR INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro de São João Batista, 24020-141, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Mauro Perfetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U.Schiff" and UdR INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.,Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Laure Vendier
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, 205 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, F-31077, France
| | - Jean-Pierre Costes
- Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination, CNRS, 205 Route de Narbonne, Toulouse, F-31077, France
| | - Federico Totti
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U.Schiff" and UdR INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
| | - Roberta Sessoli
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U.Schiff" and UdR INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sorace
- Dipartimento di Chimica "U.Schiff" and UdR INSTM, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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20
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Meng YS, Qiao YS, Zhang YQ, Jiang SD, Meng ZS, Wang BW, Wang ZM, Gao S. Can Non-Kramers Tm(III) Mononuclear Molecules be Single-Molecule Magnets (SMMs)? Chemistry 2016; 22:4704-8. [PMID: 26777067 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201600023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, plentiful lanthanide-based (Tb(III) , Dy(III) , and Er(III) ) single-molecule magnets (SMMs) were studied, while examples of other lanthanides, for example, Tm(III) are still unknown. Herein, for the first time, we show that by rationally manipulating the coordination sphere, two thulium compounds, 1[(Tp)Tm(COT)] and 2[(Tp*)Tm(COT)] (Tp=hydrotris(1-pyrazolyl)borate; COT=cyclooctatetraenide; Tp*=hydrotris(3,5-dimethyl-1-pyrazolyl)borate), can adopt the structure of non-Kramers SMMs and exhibit their behaviors. Dynamic magnetic studies indicated that both compounds showed slow magnetic relaxation under dc field and a relatively high effective energy barrier (111 K for 1, 46 K for 2). Magnetic diluted 1 a[(Tp)Tm0.05 Y0.95 (COT)] and 2 a[(Tp*)Tm0.05 Y0.95 (COT)] even exhibited magnetic relaxation under zero dc field. Relativistic ab initio calculations combined with single-crystal angular-resolved magnetometry measurements revealed the strong easy axis anisotropy and nearly degenerated ground doublet states. The comparison of 1 and 2 highlights the importance of local symmetry for obtaining Tm SMMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Shan Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yu-Sen Qiao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Shang-Da Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Zhao-Sha Meng
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
| | - Zhe-Ming Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China.
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21
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Cardona-Serra S, Escalera-Moreno L, Baldoví JJ, Gaita-Ariño A, Clemente-Juan JM, Coronado E. SIMPRE1.2: Considering the hyperfine and quadrupolar couplings and the nuclear spin bath decoherence. J Comput Chem 2016; 37:1238-44. [PMID: 26833799 DOI: 10.1002/jcc.24313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
SIMPRE is a fortran77 code which uses an effective electrostatic model of point charges to predict the magnetic behavior of rare-earth-based mononuclear complexes. In this article, we present SIMPRE1.2, which now takes into account two further phenomena. First, SIMPRE now considers the hyperfine and quadrupolar interactions within the rare-earth ion, resulting in a more complete and realistic set of energy levels and wave functions. Second, and to widen SIMPRE's predictive capabilities regarding potential molecular spin qubits, it now includes a routine that calculates an upper-bound estimate of the decoherence time considering only the dipolar coupling between the electron spin and the surrounding nuclear spin bath. Additionally, SIMPRE now allows the user to introduce the crystal field parameters manually. Thus, we are able to demonstrate the new features using as examples (i) a Gd-based mononuclear complex known for its properties both as a single ion magnet and as a coherent qubit and (ii) an Er-based mononuclear complex. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Escalera-Moreno
- Instituto De Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad De Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - José J Baldoví
- Instituto De Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad De Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain.,Institut De Chimie Moléculaire Et Des Matériaux D'orsay, CNRS, Université De Paris Sud 11, Orsay Cedex, 91405, France
| | - Alejandro Gaita-Ariño
- Instituto De Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad De Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Juan M Clemente-Juan
- Instituto De Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad De Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto De Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) Universidad De Valencia, C/Catedrático José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980, Spain
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22
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23
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Upadhyay A, Das C, Langley SK, Murray KS, Srivastava AK, Shanmugam M. Heteronuclear Ni(ii)–Ln(iii) (Ln = La, Pr, Tb, Dy) complexes: synthesis and single-molecule magnet behaviour. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:3616-26. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt04102c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The crystal structures are reported for three heterometallic Ni2Ln and a Ni2Dy2 complex, using the Schiff base ligand 2-methoxy-6-[(E)-phenyliminomethyl] phenol. Detailed dc and ac magnetic susceptibility studies were reported for all the complexes. The complexes 3 and 4 shows frequency dependent out-of-phase susceptibility signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Apoorva Upadhyay
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Chinmoy Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Bombay
- Mumbai
- India
| | - Stuart K. Langley
- School of Science and the Environment
- Chemistry Division
- Manchester
- Metropolitan University
- Manchester
| | | | - Anant K. Srivastava
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune 411 008
- India
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24
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Edelmann FT. Lanthanides and actinides: Annual survey of their organometallic chemistry covering the year 2014. Coord Chem Rev 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2015.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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25
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Gaita-Ariño A, Prima-García H, Cardona-Serra S, Escalera-Moreno L, Rosaleny LE, Baldoví JJ. Coherence and organisation in lanthanoid complexes: from single ion magnets to spin qubits. Inorg Chem Front 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qi00296f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular magnetism is reaching a degree of development that will allow for the rational design of sophisticated systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Helena Prima-García
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | | | | | - Lorena E. Rosaleny
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
| | - José J. Baldoví
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)
- Universidad de Valencia
- 46980 Paterna
- Spain
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay
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26
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Gregson M, Chilton NF, Ariciu AM, Tuna F, Crowe IF, Lewis W, Blake AJ, Collison D, McInnes EJL, Winpenny REP, Liddle ST. A monometallic lanthanide bis(methanediide) single molecule magnet with a large energy barrier and complex spin relaxation behaviour. Chem Sci 2016; 7:155-165. [PMID: 29861976 PMCID: PMC5950554 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc03111g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 266] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We report a dysprosium(iii) bis(methanediide) single molecule magnet (SMM) where stabilisation of the highly magnetic states and suppression of mixing of opposite magnetic projections is imposed by a linear arrangement of negatively-charged donor atoms supported by weak neutral donors. Treatment of [Ln(BIPMTMS)(BIPMTMSH)] [Ln = Dy, 1Dy; Y, 1Y; BIPMTMS = {C(PPh2NSiMe3)2}2-; BIPMTMSH = {HC(PPh2NSiMe3)2}-] with benzyl potassium/18-crown-6 ether (18C6) in THF afforded [Ln(BIPMTMS)2][K(18C6)(THF)2] [Ln = Dy, 2Dy; Y, 2Y]. AC magnetic measurements of 2Dy in zero DC field show temperature- and frequency-dependent SMM behaviour. Orbach relaxation dominates at high temperature, but at lower temperatures a second-order Raman process dominates. Complex 2Dy exhibits two thermally activated energy barriers (U eff) of 721 and 813 K, the largest U eff values for any monometallic dysprosium(iii) complex. Dilution experiments confirm the molecular origin of this phenomenon. Complex 2Dy has rich magnetic dynamics; field-cooled (FC)/zero-field cooled (ZFC) susceptibility measurements show a clear divergence at 16 K, meaning the magnetic observables are out-of-equilibrium below this temperature, however the maximum in ZFC, which conventionally defines the blocking temperature, T B, is found at 10 K. Magnetic hysteresis is also observed in 10% 2Dy@2Y at these temperatures. Ab initio calculations suggest the lowest three Kramers doublets of the ground 6H15/2 multiplet of 2Dy are essentially pure, well-isolated |±15/2, |±13/2 and |±11/2 states quantised along the C[double bond, length as m-dash]Dy[double bond, length as m-dash]C axis. Thermal relaxation occurs via the 4th and 5th doublets, verified experimentally for the first time, and calculated U eff values of 742 and 810 K compare very well to experimental magnetism and luminescence data. This work validates a design strategy towards realising high-temperature SMMs and produces unusual spin relaxation behaviour where the magnetic observables are out-of-equilibrium some 6 K above the formal blocking temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Gregson
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
| | - Nicholas F Chilton
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
| | - Ana-Maria Ariciu
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK
| | - Floriana Tuna
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK
| | - Iain F Crowe
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering and Photon Science Institute , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK
| | - William Lewis
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - Alexander J Blake
- School of Chemistry , University of Nottingham , University Park , Nottingham , NG7 2RD , UK
| | - David Collison
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
| | - Eric J L McInnes
- School of Chemistry and Photon Science Institute , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK
| | - Richard E P Winpenny
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
| | - Stephen T Liddle
- School of Chemistry , The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK . ;
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27
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Dreiser J. Molecular lanthanide single-ion magnets: from bulk to submonolayers. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2015; 27:183203. [PMID: 25893740 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/18/183203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Single-ion magnets (SIMs) are mononuclear molecular complexes exhibiting slow relaxation of magnetization. They are currently attracting a lot of interest because of potential applications in spintronics and quantum information processing. However, exploiting SIMs in, e.g. molecule-inorganic hybrid devices requires a fundamental understanding of the effects of molecule-substrate interactions on the SIM magnetic properties. In this review the properties of lanthanide SIMs in the bulk crystalline phase and deposited on surfaces in the (sub)monolayer regime are discussed. As a starting point trivalent lanthanide ions in a ligand field will be described, and the challenges in characterizing the ligand field are illustrated with a focus on several spectroscopic techniques which are able to give direct information on the ligand-field split energy levels. Moreover, the dominant mechanisms of magnetization relaxation in the bulk phase are discussed followed by an overview of SIMs relevant for surface deposition. Further, a short introduction will be given on x-ray absorption spectroscopy, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism and scanning tunneling microscopy. Finally, the recent experiments on surface-deposited SIMs will be reviewed, along with a discussion of future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Dreiser
- Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, ICMP, Station 3, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland. Paul Scherrer Institut, Swiss Light Source, CH-5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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28
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Qian K, Baldoví JJ, Jiang SD, Gaita-Ariño A, Zhang YQ, Overgaard J, Wang BW, Coronado E, Gao S. Does the thermal evolution of molecular structures critically affect the magnetic anisotropy? Chem Sci 2015; 6:4587-4593. [PMID: 29568416 PMCID: PMC5851079 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc01245g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
In the absence of a critical phase transition, one can safely use the crystal structure information determined at liquid nitrogen temperature in magnetic anisotropy research.
A dysprosium based single-ion magnet is synthesized and characterized by the angular dependence of the single-crystal magnetic susceptibility. Ab initio and effective electrostatic analyses are performed using the molecular structures determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction at 20 K, 100 K and 300 K. Contrary to the common assumption, the results reveal that the structural thermal effects that may affect the energy level scheme and magnetic anisotropy below 100 K are negligible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Qian
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , P. R. China .
| | - José J Baldoví
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) , Univ. de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 , E-46980 Paterna , Spain . ;
| | - Shang-Da Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , P. R. China . .,LNCMI-CNRS , 25 rue des Martyrs BP 166 , 38042 Grenoble Cedex 9 , France .
| | - Alejandro Gaita-Ariño
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) , Univ. de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 , E-46980 Paterna , Spain . ;
| | - Yi-Quan Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , P. R. China . .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory for NSLSCS , School of Physical Science and Technology , Nanjing Normal University , Nanjing 210023 , P. R. China
| | - Jacob Overgaard
- Center for Materials Crystallography and Department of Chemistry , Aarhus University , Langelandsgade 140 , Aarhus DK-8000 , Denmark
| | - Bing-Wu Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , P. R. China .
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol) , Univ. de Valencia , C/Catedrático José Beltrán, 2 , E-46980 Paterna , Spain . ;
| | - Song Gao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Science , College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications , Peking University , Beijing , 100871 , P. R. China .
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29
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Zhang Y, Krylov D, Rosenkranz M, Schiemenz S, Popov AA. Magnetic anisotropy of endohedral lanthanide ions: paramagnetic NMR study of MSc 2N@C 80- Ih with M running through the whole 4f row. Chem Sci 2015; 6:2328-2341. [PMID: 29308147 PMCID: PMC5645780 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00154d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Paramagnetic and variable temperature 13C and 45Sc nuclear magnetic resonance studies are performed for nitride clusterfullerenes MSc2N@C80 with icosahedral Ih(7) carbon cage, where M runs through all lanthanides forming nitride clusters. The influence of the endohedral lanthanide ions on the NMR spectral pattern is carefully followed, and dramatic differences are found in peak positions and line widths. Thus, 13C lines broaden from 0.01-0.02 ppm in diamagnetic MSc2N@C80 molecules (M = La, Y, Lu) to several ppm in TbSc2N@C80 and DySc2N@C80. Direction of the paramagnetic shift depends on the shape of the 4f electron density in corresponding lanthanide ions. In TmSc2N@C80 and ErSc2N@C80 with prolate 4f-density of lanthanide ions, 13C signals are shifted down-field, whereas 45Sc peaks are shifted up-field versus diamagnetic values. In all other MSc2N@C80 molecules lanthanide ions have oblate-shaped 4f electron density, and the lanthanide-induced shift is negative for 13C and positive for 45Sc peaks. Analysis of the pseudocontact and contact contributions to chemical shifts revealed that the pseudocontact term dominates both in 13C and 45Sc NMR spectra, although contact shifts for 13C signals are also considerable. Point charge computations of the ligand field splitting are performed to explain experimental results, and showed reasonable agreement with experimental pseudocontact shifts. Nitrogen atom bearing large negative charge and located close to the lanthanide ion results in large magnetic anisotropy of lanthanide ions in nitride clusterfullerenes with quasi-uniaxial ligand field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Zhang
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research , 01069 Dresden , Germany .
| | - D Krylov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research , 01069 Dresden , Germany .
| | - M Rosenkranz
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research , 01069 Dresden , Germany .
| | - S Schiemenz
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research , 01069 Dresden , Germany .
| | - A A Popov
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research , 01069 Dresden , Germany .
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30
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Abstract
Historical developments, trends, pitfalls and strategies in improving f-element single molecule magnets are described.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Joris van Slageren
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
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31
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Jiang SD, Qin SX. Prediction of the quantized axis of rare-earth ions: the electrostatic model with displaced point charges. Inorg Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qi00052a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
An electrostatic model with displaced point charges to predict the quantized axis of rare-earth ions is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Da Jiang
- 1. Physikalisches Institut
- Universität Stuttgart
- D-70569 Stuttgart
- Germany
- LNCMI-CNRS
| | - Si-Xue Qin
- Institute for Theoretical Physics
- Johann Wolfgang Goethe Universität
- D-60438 Frankfurt am Main
- Germany
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32
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Gao F, Yang FL, Zhu GZ, Zhao Y. Syntheses, structures, and magnetic properties of homodinuclear lanthanide complexes based on dinucleating Schiff base ligands. Dalton Trans 2015; 44:20232-41. [DOI: 10.1039/c5dt03580e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two series of homodinuclear lanthanide(iii) complexes were synthesized and characterized. Magnetic studies reveal the weakly antiferromagnetic coupling between paramagnetic Ln ions and enhanced relaxation of magnetization for Dy2 complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Feng-Lei Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Guang-Zhou Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials
- Jiangsu Normal University
- Xuzhou 221116
- P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Nanjing National Laboratory of Microstructures
- Nanjing University
- Nanjing 210093
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33
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Soussi K, Jung J, Pointillart F, Le Guennic B, Lefeuvre B, Golhen S, Cador O, Guyot Y, Maury O, Ouahab L. Magnetic and photo-physical investigations into DyIII and YbIII complexes involving tetrathiafulvalene ligand. Inorg Chem Front 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5qi00087d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three TTF-based complexes have been elaborated using β-diketonate DyIII and YbIII precursors. [Yb(tta)3(L)]·2CH2Cl2 enlarges the scarce series of redox-active luminescent single-molecule magnets with correlation between emissive and magnetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Soussi
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1
- Université de Rennes 1
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - J. Jung
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1
- Université de Rennes 1
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - F. Pointillart
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1
- Université de Rennes 1
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - B. Le Guennic
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1
- Université de Rennes 1
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - B. Lefeuvre
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1
- Université de Rennes 1
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - S. Golhen
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1
- Université de Rennes 1
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - O. Cador
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1
- Université de Rennes 1
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
| | - Y. Guyot
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1
- Institut Lumière Matière
- UMR 5306 CNRS-Université Lyon 1
- 69622 Villeurbanne Cedex
- France
| | - O. Maury
- Laboratoire de Chimie de l'ENS-LYON-UMR 5182
- 69364 Lyon Cedex 07
- France
| | - L. Ouahab
- Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes UMR 6226 CNRS-UR1
- Université de Rennes 1
- 35042 Rennes Cedex
- France
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