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Tsubonouchi Y, Inaba K, Hoshino N, Hirahara M, Chandra D, Zahran ZN, Yagi M. Configurationally Nonselective Aquation of a Mononuclear Ru(II) Chloro Complex to Aquo Complex Isomers with Distinctive Aspects in Photoisomerization, Redox, and Catalytic Water Oxidation. Inorg Chem 2023; 62:17654-17667. [PMID: 37850902 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
distal-[Ru(EtOtpy)(pynp)Cl]+ (d-EtO1Cl) (EtOtpy = 4'-ethoxy-2,2':6',2″-terpyridine, pynp = 2-(2-pyridyl)-1,8-naphthyridine), and distal/proximal-[Ru(EtOtpy)(pynp)OH2]2+ (d/p-EtO1H2O) complexes were newly synthesized to investigate the synergistic influence of the geometric configuration coupled with substituent introduction of an ethoxy (EtO) group on the physicochemical properties and reactions of the Ru(II) complexes. Configurationally nonselective aquation of d-EtO1Cl was uniquely observed to form d/p-EtO1H2O isomers in water, in contrast to configurationally selective aquation of distal-[Ru(tpy)(pynp)Cl]+ (d-1Cl, tpy = 2,2':6',2″-terpyridine) without the EtO group [Yamazaki, H. . J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2011, 133, 8846-8849].The kinetic profiles of the aquation reactions of d-EtO1Cl were well analyzed using a sequential reversible reaction model assuming the reversible interconversion between d/p-EtO1H2O isomers via d-EtO1Cl. The observed equilibrium constant (Kiso) of isomerization between p/d-EtO1H2O was calculated from the kinetic analysis as Kiso = 0.45, which is consistent with the final concentration ratio (1:0.43) of p/d-EtO1H2O generated in the aquation reaction of d-EtO1Cl. The irreversible photoisomerization from d-EtO1H2O to p-EtO1H2O was observed in water with an internal quantum yield (Φ) of 0.44% at 520 nm. Electrochemical measurements showed that d-EtO1H2O undergoes a 2-step oxidation reaction of 1H+-coupled 1e- processes of RuII-OH2/RuIII-OH and RuIII-OH/RuIV═O at pH 1.3-9.7, whereas p-EtO1H2O undergoes a 1-step oxidation reaction of a 2H+-coupled 2e- process of RuII-OH2/RuIV═O in the pH range of 1.8-11.5. Any redox potential of d/p-EtO1H2O isomers was decreased by the electro-donating EtO substitution, compared with distal/proximal-[Ru(tpy)(pynp)OH2]2+ (d/p-1H2O). The turnover frequency (kO2 = 1.7 × 10-2 s-1) of d-EtO1H2O for water oxidation catalysis is higher than that (3.5 × 10-4 s-1) of p-EtO1H2O by a factor of 48.6. The kO2 value (1.7 × 10-2 s-1) for d-EtO1H2O is 4.5-fold higher than those of d-1H2O (3.8 × 10-3 s-1). The higher kO2 value of d-EtO1H2O compared with d-1H2O could be explained by the fast oxidation rate from RuIV═O to RuV═O involved in the rate-determining step due to the electron-donating EtO group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Tsubonouchi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Keisuke Inaba
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Norihisa Hoshino
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masanari Hirahara
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Omiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Debraj Chandra
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Zaki N Zahran
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yagi
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-2, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
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Carrillo U, Francés-Monerris A, Marri AR, Cebrián C, Gros PC. Substituent-Induced Control of fac/ mer Isomerism in Azine-NHC Fe(II) Complexes. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:525-536. [PMID: 36855530 PMCID: PMC9955161 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.2c00038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The stereoselective synthesis of geometrical iron(II) complexes bearing azine-NHC ligands is described. Facial and meridional selectivity is achieved as a function of the steric demand of the azine unit, with no remarkable influence of the carbene nature. More specifically, meridional complexes are obtained upon selecting bulky 5-mesityl-substituted pyridyl coordinating units. Unexpectedly, increase of the steric hindrance in the α position with respect to the N coordinating atom results in an exclusive facial configuration, which is in stark contrast to the meridional selectivity induced by other reported α-substituted bidentate ligands. Investigation of the structure and the optical and electrochemical properties of the here-described complexes has revealed the non-negligible effect of the fac/mer ligand configuration around the metal center.
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Fredin LA, Wallenstein J, Sundin E, Jarenmark M, Barbosa de Mattos DF, Persson P, Abrahamsson M. Excited State Dynamics of Bistridentate and Trisbidentate Ru II Complexes of Quinoline-Pyrazole Ligands. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:16354-16363. [PMID: 31800221 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three homoleptic ruthenium(II) complexes, [Ru(Q3PzH)3]2+, [Ru(Q1Pz)3]2+, and [Ru(DQPz)2]2+, based on the quinoline-pyrazole ligands, Q3PzH (8-(3-pyrazole)-quinoline), Q1Pz (8-(1-pyrazole)-quinoline), and DQPz (bis(quinolinyl)-1,3-pyrazole), have been spectroscopically and theoretically investigated. Spectral component analysis, transient absorption spectroscopy, density functional theory calculations, and ligand exchange reactions with different chlorination agents reveal that the excited state dynamics for Ru(II) complexes with these biheteroaromatic ligands differ significantly from that of traditional polypyridyl complexes. Despite the high energy and low reorganization energy of the excited state, nonradiative decay dominates even at liquid nitrogen temperatures, where triplet metal-to-ligand-charge-transfer emission quantum yields range from 0.7 to 3.8%, and microsecond excited state lifetimes are observed. In contrast to traditional polypyridyl complexes where ligand exchange is facilitated by expansion of the metal-ligand bonds to stabilize a metal-centered state, photoinduced ligand exchange occurs in the bidentate complexes despite no substantial MC state population, while the tridentate complex is extremely photostable despite an activated decay route, highlighting the versatile photochemistry of nonpolypyridine ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Fredin
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Center , Lund University , Box 124, SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Joachim Wallenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE-41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Elin Sundin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE-41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Martin Jarenmark
- Department of Geology , Lund University , Solvegatan 12 , SE-22362 , Lund , Sweden
| | - Deise F Barbosa de Mattos
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE-41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Theoretical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Chemical Center , Lund University , Box 124, SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Maria Abrahamsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Chalmers University of Technology , SE-41296 Gothenburg , Sweden
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Fredin LA, Persson P. Influence of Triplet Surface Properties on Excited-State Deactivation of Expanded Cage Bis(tridentate)Ruthenium(II) Complexes. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:5293-5299. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b02927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A. Fredin
- Chemistry Department, Theoretical Chemistry Division, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Chemistry Department, Theoretical Chemistry Division, Lund University, Box 124, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
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Abstract
This review article represents a survey of the synthetic strategies leading to pyrazolyl quinolines.
The synthetic methods are divided into two main groups based on the type of starting reagents: 1)
From quinoline ring onto a pyrazole scaffold, 2) From pyrazole ring onto a quinoline scaffold. Also,
some medical applications of pyrazolyl quinoline derivatives are mentioned such as anticancer, cell proliferative
disorder, glucose transport inhibitors, anti-inflammatory, and inhibitors of leukotriene production
for the treatment of cardiovascular. The main purpose of this review is to present a survey of the
literature on the synthetic approaches of pyrazolyl quinolines and provide useful and up-to-date data for
organic and medicinal chemist since such compound has not been previously reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizk E. Khidre
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Diaa A. Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia
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Orrego-Hernández J, Portilla J. Synthesis of Dicyanovinyl-Substituted 1-(2-Pyridyl)pyrazoles: Design of a Fluorescent Chemosensor for Selective Recognition of Cyanide. J Org Chem 2017; 82:13376-13385. [PMID: 29171269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b02460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A fluorescence "turn-off" probe has been designed and successfully applied to detect cyanide (CN-) based on a Michael-type nucleophilic addition reaction and intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism. For this research, a family of 3-aryl-4-(2,2-dicyanovinyl)-1-(2-pyridinyl)pyrazoles as donor-π-acceptor (D-π-A) systems have been synthesized in 58-66% overall yield, by a three-step synthesis sequence starting from p-substituted acetophenones. The substituted p-methoxyphenyl showed good fluorescence emission and large Stokes shifts in different solvents due to its greater ICT. Likewise, this probe evidenced high selectivity and sensitivity and fast recognition for CN- with a detection limit of 6.8 μM. HRMS analysis, 1H NMR titration experiments, and TD-DFT calculations were performed to confirm the mechanism of detection and fluorescence properties of the chemodosimeter of CN-. Additionally, fluorescent test paper was conveniently used to detect cyanide in aqueous solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Orrego-Hernández
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes , Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
| | - Jaime Portilla
- Bioorganic Compounds Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Universidad de los Andes , Carrera 1 No. 18A-10, Bogotá 111711, Colombia
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Fredin LA, Allison TC. Predicting Structures of Ru-Centered Dyes: A Computational Screening Tool. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:2135-43. [PMID: 26982657 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b00921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSCs) represent a means for harvesting solar energy to produce electrical power. Though a number of light harvesting dyes are in use, the search continues for more efficient and effective compounds to make commercially viable DSCs a reality. Computational methods have been increasingly applied to understand the dyes currently in use and to aid in the search for improved light harvesting compounds. Semiempirical quantum chemistry methods have a well-deserved reputation for giving good quality results in a very short amount of computer time. The most recent semiempirical models such as PM6 and PM7 are parametrized for a wide variety of molecule types, including organometallic complexes similar to DSC chromophores. In this article, the performance of PM6 is tested against a set of 20 molecules whose geometries were optimized using a density functional theory (DFT) method. It is found that PM6 gives geometries that are in good agreement with the optimized DFT structures. In order to reduce the differences between geometries optimized using PM6 and geometries optimized using DFT, the PM6 basis set parameters have been optimized for a subset of the molecules. It is found that it is sufficient to optimize the basis set for Ru alone to improve the agreement between the PM6 results and the DFT results. When this optimized Ru basis set is used, the mean unsigned error in Ru-ligand bond lengths is reduced from 0.043 to 0.017 Å in the set of 20 test molecules. Though the magnitude of these differences is small, the effect on the calculated UV/vis spectra is significant. These results clearly demonstrate the value of using PM6 to screen DSC chromophores as well as the value of optimizing PM6 basis set parameters for a specific set of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa A Fredin
- Chemical Informatics Research Group, Chemical Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8320, United States
| | - Thomas C Allison
- Chemical Informatics Research Group, Chemical Science Division, Material Measurement Laboratory, National Institute of Standards and Technology , 100 Bureau Drive, Stop 8320, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899-8320, United States
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Jarenmark M, Carlström G, Fredin LA, Hedberg Wallenstein J, Doverbratt I, Abrahamsson M, Persson P. Diastereomerization Dynamics of a Bistridentate RuII Complex. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:3015-22. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joachim Hedberg Wallenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Maria Abrahamsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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Wallenstein JH, Sundberg J, McKenzie CJ, Abrahamsson M. Emissive Ruthenium–Bisdiimine Complexes with Chelated Thioether Donors. Eur J Inorg Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201501256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Hedberg Wallenstein
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden, http://https://www.chalmers.se/en/Staff/Pages/abmaria.aspx
| | - Jonas Sundberg
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Christine J. McKenzie
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, 5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Maria Abrahamsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chalmers University of Technology, 41296 Göteborg, Sweden, http://https://www.chalmers.se/en/Staff/Pages/abmaria.aspx
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Hedberg Wallenstein J, Fredin LA, Jarenmark M, Abrahamsson M, Persson P. Chemical consequences of pyrazole orientation in RuII complexes of unsymmetric quinoline–pyrazole ligands. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:11723-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt01070a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Chemical consequences of pyrazole orientation in RuII complexes of unsymmetric quinoline–pyrazole ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lisa A. Fredin
- Theoretical Chemistry Division
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Center
- Lund University
- SE-22100 Lund
| | - Martin Jarenmark
- Centre for Analysis and Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry Chemical Center
- Lund University
- SE-22100 Lund
- Sweden
| | - Maria Abrahamsson
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Chalmers University of Technology
- SE-41296 Gothenburg
- Sweden
| | - Petter Persson
- Theoretical Chemistry Division
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Center
- Lund University
- SE-22100 Lund
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