1
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Li H, Wang J, Jiao L, Hao E. BODIPY-based photocages: rational design and their biomedical application. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5770-5789. [PMID: 38752310 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01412j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Photocages, also known as photoactivated protective groups (PPGs), have been utilized to achieve controlled release of target molecules in a non-invasive and spatiotemporal manner. In the past decade, BODIPY fluorophores, a well-established class of fluorescent dyes, have emerged as a novel type of photoactivated protective group capable of efficiently releasing cargo species upon irradiation. This is due to their exceptional properties, including high molar absorption coefficients, resistance to photochemical and thermal degradation, multiple modification sites, favorable uncaging quantum yields, and highly adjustable spectral properties. Compared to traditional photocages that mainly absorb UV light, BODIPY-based photocages that absorb visible/near-infrared (Vis/NIR) light offer advantages such as deeper tissue penetration and reduced bio-autofluorescence, making them highly suitable for various biomedical applications. Consequently, different types of photoactivated protective groups based on the BODIPY skeleton have been established. This highlight provides a comprehensive overview of the strategies employed to construct BODIPY photocages by substituting leaving groups at different positions within the BODIPY fluorophore, including the meso-methyl position, boron position, 2,6-position, and 3,5-position. Furthermore, the application of these BODIPY photocages in biomedical fields, such as fluorescence imaging and controlled release of active species, is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Li
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Medicinal and Food Homologous Natural Resources Exploration, Department of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei, 230601, China.
| | - Lijuan Jiao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, China.
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2
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Ansteatt S, Uthe B, Mandal B, Gelfand RS, Dunietz BD, Pelton M, Ptaszek M. Engineering giant excitonic coupling in bioinspired, covalently bridged BODIPY dyads. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:8013-8027. [PMID: 36876508 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05621f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Strong excitonic coupling in photosynthetic systems is believed to enable efficient light absorption and quantitative charge separation, motivating the development of artificial multi-chromophore arrays with equally strong or even stronger excitonic coupling. However, large excitonic coupling strengths have typically been accompanied by fast non-radiative recombination, limiting the potential of the arrays for solar energy conversion as well as other applications such as fluorescent labeling. Here, we report giant excitonic coupling leading to broad optical absorption in bioinspired BODIPY dyads that have high photostability, excited-state lifetimes at the nanosecond scale, and fluorescence quantum yields of nearly 50%. Through the synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, and computational modeling of a series of dyads with different linking moieties, we show that the strongest coupling is obtained with diethynylmaleimide linkers, for which the coupling occurs through space between BODIPY units with small separations and slipped co-facial orientations. Other linkers allow for broad tuning of both the relative through-bond and through-space coupling contributions and the overall strength of interpigment coupling, with a tradeoff observed in general between the strength of the two coupling mechanisms. These findings open the door to the synthesis of molecular systems that function effectively as light-harvesting antennas and as electron donors or acceptors for solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ansteatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
| | - Brian Uthe
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
| | - Bikash Mandal
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
| | - Rachel S Gelfand
- Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
| | - Barry D Dunietz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242, USA.
| | - Matthew Pelton
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA. .,Department of Physics, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
| | - Marcin Ptaszek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250, USA.
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3
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Avellanal-Zaballa E, Gartzia-Rivero L, Arbeloa T, Bañuelos J. Fundamental photophysical concepts and key structural factors for the design of BODIPY-based tunable lasers. INT REV PHYS CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/0144235x.2022.2096772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Teresa Arbeloa
- Dpto. Química Física, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jorge Bañuelos
- Dpto. Química Física, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV-EHU), Bilbao, Spain
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4
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Wang M, Zhang G, Bobadova-Parvanova P, Smith KM, Vicente MGH. Syntheses and Investigations of Conformationally Restricted, Linker-Free α-Amino Acid-BODIPYs via Boron Functionalization. J Org Chem 2021; 86:18030-18041. [PMID: 34807610 PMCID: PMC8689652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c02328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of α-amino acid-BODIPY derivatives were synthesized using commercially available N-Boc-l-amino acids, via boron functionalization under mild conditions. The mono-linear, mono-spiro, and di-amino acid-BODIPY derivatives were obtained using an excess of basic (histidine, lysine, and arginine), acidic (aspartic acid), polar (tyrosine, serine), and nonpolar (methionine) amino acid residues, in yields that ranged from 37 to 66%. The conformationally restricted mono-spiro- and di-amino acid-BODIPYs display strong absorptions in the visible spectral region with high molar extinction coefficients and significantly enhanced fluorescence quantum yields compared with the parent BF2-BODIPY. Cellular uptake and cytotoxicity studies using the human HEp2 cell line show that both the presence of an N,O-bidentate spiro-ring and basic amino acids (His and Arg) increase cytotoxicity and enhance cellular uptake. Among the series of BODIPYs tested, the spiro-Arg- and spiro-His-BODIPYs were found to be the most cytotoxic (IC50 ∼ 22 μM), while the spiro-His-BODIPY was the most efficiently internalized, localizing preferentially in the cell lysosomes, ER, and mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maodie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Guanyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Petia Bobadova-Parvanova
- Department of Chemistry and Fermentation Sciences, Appalachian State University, Boone, North Carolina 28607, United States
| | - Kevin M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - M Graça H Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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5
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Ansteatt S, Meares A, Ptaszek M. Amphiphilic Near-IR-Emitting 3,5- Bis(2-Pyrrolylethenyl)BODIPY Derivatives: Synthesis, Characterization, and Comparison with Other (Hetero)Arylethenyl-Substituted BODIPYs. J Org Chem 2021; 86:8755-8765. [PMID: 34129326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c00586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A series of 3,5-bis(hetero)arylethenyl-substituted BODIPY derivatives have been prepared by Knoevenagel-type condensation of alkyl-substituted BODIPY with the corresponding aldehydes. 2-Pyrrolylethenyl-substituted derivatives feature near-IR emission (λem > 700 nm) with a high fluorescence quantum yield. Both the emission maxima and fluorescence quantum yields are relatively insensitive to solvent polarity, contrary to the corresponding near-IR-emitting 4-(N,N-dimethylaminophenyl)ethenyl derivatives. Alkylation at the N-pyrrolic position of the ethenyl substituent allows for the installation of the hydrophilic PEG group and afforded amphiphilic BODIPY derivatives. Overall, 2-pyrrolylethenyl-substituted BODIPY derivatives appear to be versatile fluorophores with potential applications in near-IR imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ansteatt
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, Maryland, United States
| | - Adam Meares
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, Maryland, United States
| | - Marcin Ptaszek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore County, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore 21250, Maryland, United States
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6
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Ragab SS. Synthesis and photolysis of new BODIPY derivatives with chelated boron centre. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424621500516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
New borondipyromethene (BODIPY) derivatives chelated at the boron centre with different catecholate and salicylate ligands were synthesized via substituting the fluoride atoms with the aid of aluminum chloride that activates the boron-fluoride bond for substitution. The photophysical properties of the novel BODIPYs were investigated by normalized UV-vis absorption as well as the fluorescence emission spectra. Moreover, the fluorescence quantum yields of the chelated BODIPYs were also calculated and the ultraviolet irradiation of the salicylate derivatives was studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherif S. Ragab
- Photochemistry Department, Chemical Industries Research Division, National Research Centre (NRC). El behouth Street, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, FL 33146-0431, USA
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7
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Uriel C, Permingeat C, Ventura J, Avellanal-Zaballa E, Bañuelos J, García-Moreno I, Gómez AM, Lopez JC. BODIPYs as Chemically Stable Fluorescent Tags for Synthetic Glycosylation Strategies towards Fluorescently Labeled Saccharides. Chemistry 2020; 26:5388-5399. [PMID: 31999023 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201905780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
A series of fluorescent boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY, 4,4-difluoro-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene) dyes have been designed to participate, as aglycons, in synthetic oligosaccharide protocols. As such, they served a dual purpose: first, by being incorporated at the beginning of the process (at the reducing-end of the growing saccharide moiety), they can function as fluorescent glycosyl tags, facilitating the detection and purification of the desired glycosidic intermediates, and secondly, the presence of these chromophores on the ensuing compounds grants access to fluorescently labeled saccharides. In this context, a sought-after feature of the fluorescent dyes has been their chemical robustness. Accordingly, some BODIPY derivatives described in this work can withstand the reaction conditions commonly employed in the chemical synthesis of saccharides; namely, glycosylation and protecting-group manipulations. Regarding their photophysical properties, the BODIPY-labeled saccharides obtained in this work display remarkable fluorescence efficiency in water, reaching quantum yield values up to 82 %, as well as notable lasing efficiencies and photostabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Uriel
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Caterina Permingeat
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Ventura
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Jorge Bañuelos
- Dpto. Química Física, Universidad del País Vasco (UPV/EHU), Aptdo. 644, 48080, Bilbao, Spain
| | | | - Ana M Gómez
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Cristobal Lopez
- Instituto de Química Organica General (IQOG-CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006, Madrid, Spain
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8
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9
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Wang M, Zhang G, Bobadova-Parvanova P, Merriweather AN, Odom L, Barbosa D, Fronczek FR, Smith KM, Vicente MGH. Synthesis and Investigation of Linker-Free BODIPY–Gly Conjugates Substituted at the Boron Atom. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:11614-11621. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b01474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maodie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Guanyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | | | - Ashley N. Merriweather
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Lilian Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Rockhurst University, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, United States
| | - David Barbosa
- Department of Chemistry, Rockhurst University, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, United States
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Kevin M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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10
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Wang Z, Cheng C, Kang Z, Miao W, Liu Q, Wang H, Hao E. Organotrifluoroborate Salts as Complexation Reagents for Synthesizing BODIPY Dyes Containing Both Fluoride and an Organo Substituent at the Boron Center. J Org Chem 2019; 84:2732-2740. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b03145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoyun Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Zhengxin Kang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Wei Miao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Qingyun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266510, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Erhong Hao
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
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11
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Clarke RG, Hall MJ. Recent developments in the synthesis of the BODIPY dyes. ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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12
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Zhang G, Wang M, Fronczek FR, Smith KM, Vicente MGH. Lewis-Acid-Catalyzed BODIPY Boron Functionalization Using Trimethylsilyl Nucleophiles. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:14493-14496. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Maodie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Kevin M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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13
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Bellomo C, Chaari M, Cabrera‐González J, Blangetti M, Lombardi C, Deagostino A, Viñas C, Gaztelumendi N, Nogués C, Nuñez R, Prandi C. Carborane‐BODIPY Dyads: New Photoluminescent Materials through an Efficient Heck Coupling. Chemistry 2018; 24:15622-15630. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bellomo
- Department of Chemistry University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Mahdi Chaari
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) Campus de la UAB 08193-Bellatera Barcelona Spain
- Laboratoire des Sciences des Matériaux et de l'Environnement Faculté des Sciences de Sfax Université de Sfax B.P. 1171 3000 Sfax Tunisie
| | - Justo Cabrera‐González
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) Campus de la UAB 08193-Bellatera Barcelona Spain
| | - Marco Blangetti
- Department of Chemistry University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | - Chiara Lombardi
- Department of Chemistry University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
| | | | - Clara Viñas
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) Campus de la UAB 08193-Bellatera Barcelona Spain
| | - Nerea Gaztelumendi
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193-Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Carme Nogués
- Departament de Biologia Cellular, Fisiologia i Immunologia Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona 08193-Bellaterra Barcelona Spain
| | - Rosario Nuñez
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Barcelona (ICMAB-CSIC) Campus de la UAB 08193-Bellatera Barcelona Spain
| | - Cristina Prandi
- Department of Chemistry University of Turin Via P. Giuria 7 10125 Torino Italy
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14
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LaMaster DJ, Kaufman NEM, Bruner AS, Vicente MGH. Structure Based Modulation of Electron Dynamics in meso-(4-Pyridyl)-BODIPYs: A Computational and Synthetic Approach. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6372-6380. [PMID: 30016866 PMCID: PMC6693353 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b05153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The effects of structural modification on the electronic structure and electron dynamics of cationic meso-(4-pyridyl)-BODIPYs were investigated. A library of 2,6-difunctionalized meso-(4-pyridyl)-BODIPYs bearing various electron-withdrawing substituents was designed, and DFT calculations were used to model the redox properties, while TDDFT was used to determine the effects of functionalization on the excited states. Structural modification was able to restructure the low-lying molecular orbitals to effectively inhibit d-PeT. A new meso-(4-pyridyl)-BODIPY bearing 2,6-dichloro groups was synthesized and shown to exhibit enhanced charge recombination fluorescence. The fluorescence enhancement was determined to be the result of functionalization modulating the kinetics of the excited state dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J. LaMaster
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Nichole E. M. Kaufman
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Adam S. Bruner
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
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15
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Wang M, Vicente MG, Mason D, Bobadova-Parvanova P. Stability of a Series of BODIPYs in Acidic Conditions: An Experimental and Computational Study into the Role of the Substituents at Boron. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:5502-5510. [PMID: 29876538 PMCID: PMC5981294 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes have been extensively investigated in recent years for a variety of bioanalytical and bioimaging applications. The success of these applications relies on the stability of BODIPYs, particularly under acidic conditions. In this work, the stability of a series of 4,4'-disubstituted BODIPYs (-F, -CN, -Ph, -Me, -OMe) toward addition of excess trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) was studied systematically and comprehensively through 11B and 1H NMR, UV-vis, fluorescence, thin layer chromatography, mass spectrometry, and infrared. The results indicate that 4,4'-dicyano-BODIPY 2 is the most stable among this series and remains unchanged even 3 days after addition of excess TFA. On the other hand, 4,4'-dimethyl-BODIPY 3 and 4,4'-dimethoxy-BODIPY 5 are the least stable, toward addition of TFA, and the 4,4'-diphenyl and 4,4'-difluoro-BODIPYs 1 and 4 were found to have intermediate stability. The experimental analysis and comparison with theoretical calculations indicate that the 4,4'-dicyano-BODIPY 2 has the greater aromaticity of the series, as evaluated by the BLA parameter, decreased charge on boron, and upon TFA addition it forms an unusually stable BODIPY 2···TFA complex. On the other hand, all other BODIPYs decompose within hours after TFA addition. Computational modeling demonstrates that 4,4'-dicyano substitution increases aromaticity and stabilizes the B-N bond, resulting in the most stable compound from the series studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maodie Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - M. Graça
H. Vicente
- Department
of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Deanna Mason
- Department
of Chemistry, Rockhurst University, Kansas City, Missouri 64110, United States
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16
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Nguyen AL, Griffin KE, Zhou Z, Fronczek FR, Smith KM, Vicente MGH. Syntheses of 1,2,3-triazole-BODIPYs bearing up to three carbohydrate units. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj00041g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BODIPYs bearing up to three glucose units were synthesized and their cytotoxicity and uptake investigated in human HEp2 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex L. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
| | | | - Zehua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
| | | | - Kevin M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry
- Louisiana State University
- Baton Rouge
- USA
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17
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Zou J, Yin Z, Ding K, Tang Q, Li J, Si W, Shao J, Zhang Q, Huang W, Dong X. BODIPY Derivatives for Photodynamic Therapy: Influence of Configuration versus Heavy Atom Effect. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:32475-32481. [PMID: 28875695 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b07569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Heavy atom effect and configuration are important for BODIPY derivatives to generate singlet oxygen (1O2) for photodynamic therapy. Herein, a series of BODIPY derivatives with different halogens were synthesized. 1O2 quantum yields (QYs) and MTT assay confirm that incorporation of more heavy atoms onto dimeric BODIPY cannot effectively enhance the 1O2 QYs. Rather, the dark toxicity increases. This phenomenon can be attributed to the competition of heavy atom effect and configuration of dimeric BODIPY. In addition the BODIPY derivative with two iodine atoms (BDPI) owns the highest 1O2 QYs (73%) and the lowest phototoxicity IC50 (1 μM). Furthermore, an in vivo study demonstrates that BDPI NPs can effectively inhibit tumor growth and can be used as a promising threanostic agent for photodynamic therapy in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Zou
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Zhihui Yin
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kaikai Ding
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qianyun Tang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiewei Li
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Weili Si
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jinjun Shao
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiaochen Dong
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics (KLOFE) & Institute of Advanced Materials (IAM), Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Centre for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University (NanjingTech) , 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing 211816, China
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18
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Meares A, Satraitis A, Akhigbe J, Santhanam N, Swaminathan S, Ehudin M, Ptaszek M. Amphiphilic BODIPY-Hydroporphyrin Energy Transfer Arrays with Broadly Tunable Absorption and Deep Red/Near-Infrared Emission in Aqueous Micelles. J Org Chem 2017; 82:6054-6070. [PMID: 28516773 PMCID: PMC5873324 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BODIPY-hydroporphyrin energy transfer arrays allow for development of a family of fluorophores featuring a common excitation band at 500 nm, tunable excitation band in the deep red/near-infrared window, and tunable emission. Their biomedical applications are contingent upon retaining their optical properties in an aqueous environment. Amphiphilic arrays containing PEG-substituted BODIPY and chlorins or bacteriochlorins were prepared and their optical and fluorescence properties were determined in organic solvents and aqueous surfactants. The first series of arrays contains BODIPYs with PEG substituents attached to the boron, whereas in the second series, PEG substituents are attached to the aryl at the meso positions of BODIPY. For both series of arrays, excitation of BODIPY at 500 nm results in efficient energy transfer to and bright emission of hydroporphyrin in the deep-red (640-660 nm) or near-infrared (740-760 nm) spectral windows. In aqueous solution of nonionic surfactants (Triton X-100 and Tween 20) arrays from the second series exhibit significant quenching of fluorescence, whereas properties of arrays from the first series are comparable to those observed in polar organic solvents. Reported arrays possess large effective Stokes shift (115-260 nm), multiple excitation wavelengths, and narrow, tunable deep-red/near-IR fluorescence in aqueous surfactants, and are promising candidates for a variety of biomedical-related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Meares
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, 21250 Maryland, United States
| | - Andrius Satraitis
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, 21250 Maryland, United States
| | - Joshua Akhigbe
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, 21250 Maryland, United States
| | - Nithya Santhanam
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, 21250 Maryland, United States
| | - Subramani Swaminathan
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, 21250 Maryland, United States
| | - Melanie Ehudin
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, 21250 Maryland, United States
| | - Marcin Ptaszek
- University of Maryland, Baltimore County , 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, 21250 Maryland, United States
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19
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Stachelek P, Alsimaree AA, Alnoman RB, Harriman A, Knight JG. Thermally-Activated, Delayed Fluorescence in O,B,O- and N,B,O-Strapped Boron Dipyrromethene Derivatives. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:2096-2107. [PMID: 28245114 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.6b11131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A small series of boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes has been synthesized whereby the boron atom is constrained in a five-membered ring formed from either o-dihydroxypyridine or o-aminophenol. In the latter case, the amino group has been converted into the corresponding amide derivative so as to curtail the possibility for light-induced charge transfer from strap to BODIPY. These compounds are weakly emissive in fluid solution but cleavage of the strap, by treatment with a photoacid generator, restores strong fluorescence. Surprisingly, the same compounds remain weakly fluorescent in a rigid glass at 80 K where light-induced charge transfer is most unlikely. In fluid solution, the fluorescence quantum yield increases with increasing temperature due to a thermally activated step but does not correlate with the thermodynamics for intramolecular charge transfer. It is proposed that the strap causes rupture of the potential energy surface for the excited state, creating traps that provide new routes by which the wave packet can return to the ground state. Access to the trap from the excited state is reversible, leading to the delayed emission. Analysis of the temperature dependent emission intensities allows estimation of the kinetic parameters associated with entering and leaving the trap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Stachelek
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, ‡School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Abdulrahman A Alsimaree
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, ‡School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Rua B Alnoman
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, ‡School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Anthony Harriman
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, ‡School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
| | - Julian G Knight
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, ‡School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University , Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, United Kingdom
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20
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Nguyen AL, Wang M, Bobadova-Parvanova P, Do Q, Zhou Z, Fronczek FR, Smith KM, Vicente MGH. Synthesis and properties ofB-cyano-BODIPYs. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2017. [DOI: 10.1142/s108842461650125x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A series of boron-functionalized BODIPY dyes with cyano groups were prepared from their corresponding BF2derivatives using SnCl4/TMSCN at room temperature for 10 min. Replacement of the fluorines by cyano groups reduces the B–N bond lengths, decreases the charge on boron, and causes characteristic [Formula: see text]B NMR chemical shifts. The 4,4[Formula: see text]-dicyano-BODIPYs show significantly enhanced stability to acidic conditions (excess TFA) and, with one exception, enhanced fluorescence quantum yields. Furthermore, the B(CN)2-BODIPYs were non-cytotoxic to HEp2 cells, both in the dark and upon exposure to light (1.5 J/cm[Formula: see text], and rapidly accumulated within cells, localizing mainly in the lysosomes, ER and Golgi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex L. Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Maodie Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | | | - Quynh Do
- Department of Chemistry, Rockhurst University, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA
| | - Zehua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Frank R. Fronczek
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - Kevin M. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| | - M. Graça H. Vicente
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
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21
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Swavey S, Coladipietro M, Burbayea A, Krause JA. Two-Step Synthetic Route toward Asymmetric and Symmetric Boron Dipyrromethenes: Synthesis, Optical Properties, and Electrochemistry. European J Org Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201600787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shawn Swavey
- University of Dayton SupraMolecular Applied Research and Technology Center; Department of Chemistry; University of Dayton; 300 College Park 45469-2357 Dayton OH USA
| | - Michael Coladipietro
- University of Dayton SupraMolecular Applied Research and Technology Center; Department of Chemistry; University of Dayton; 300 College Park 45469-2357 Dayton OH USA
| | - Aliah Burbayea
- University of Dayton SupraMolecular Applied Research and Technology Center; Department of Chemistry; University of Dayton; 300 College Park 45469-2357 Dayton OH USA
| | - Jeanette A. Krause
- The Richard C. Elder X-ray Crystallography Facility; Department of Chemistry; University of Cincinnati; 2600 Clifton Ave 45220 Cincinnati OH USA
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22
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Pascal S, Bucher L, Desbois N, Bucher C, Andraud C, Gros CP. Synthesis, Electrochemistry, and Photophysics of Aza-BODIPY Porphyrin Dyes. Chemistry 2016; 22:4971-9. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201503522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Simon Pascal
- Univ Lyon; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie; F69364 Lyon France
| | - Léo Bucher
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne; ICMUB, UMR 6302, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870; 21078 Dijon Cedex France
| | - Nicolas Desbois
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne; ICMUB, UMR 6302, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870; 21078 Dijon Cedex France
| | - Christophe Bucher
- Univ Lyon; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie; F69364 Lyon France
| | - Chantal Andraud
- Univ Lyon; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS UMR 5182, Université Lyon 1, Laboratoire de Chimie, 46 allée d'Italie; F69364 Lyon France
| | - Claude P. Gros
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne; ICMUB, UMR 6302, 9 Avenue Alain Savary, BP 47870; 21078 Dijon Cedex France
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23
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Lipunova GN, Nosova EV, Charushin VN, Chupakhin ON. Boron(III) Complexes with N,N’- and N,O-Heterocyclic Ligands: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Properties. COMMENT INORG CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/02603594.2016.1153470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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24
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Liu B, Novikova N, Simpson MC, Timmer MSM, Stocker BL, Söhnel T, Ware DC, Brothers PJ. Lighting up sugars: fluorescent BODIPY–gluco-furanose and –septanose conjugates linked by direct B–O–C bonds. Org Biomol Chem 2016; 14:5205-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ob00726k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
O-BODIPY–glucose conjugates are linked through covalent B–O–C(glucose) bonds, and feature a rare instance of the unnatural septanose form of glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Nina Novikova
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
| | - M. Cather Simpson
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
| | - Mattie S. M. Timmer
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- New Zealand
| | - Bridget L. Stocker
- The MacDiarmid Institute for Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology
- New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - David C. Ware
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
| | - Penelope J. Brothers
- School of Chemical Sciences
- University of Auckland
- Auckland 1142
- New Zealand
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences
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25
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Weber MD, Nikolaou V, Wittmann JE, Nikolaou A, Angaridis PA, Charalambidis G, Stangel C, Kahnt A, Coutsolelos AG, Costa RD. Benefits of using BODIPY–porphyrin dyads for developing deep-red lighting sources. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:1602-5. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc06838j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses, as well as the photophysical and electrochemical characterization, of two novel BODIPY–porphyrin dyads and their first application in lighting schemes are provided.
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26
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Swavey S, Wang M. Bimetallic ruthenium(II) bridged by a dypyrromethene chromophore: DNA binding and light driven reactions within the photodynamic therapy window. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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27
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Nguyen AL, Fronczek FR, Smith KM, Vicente MGH. Synthesis of 4,4′-functionalized BODIPYs from dipyrrins. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.09.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Boens N, Verbelen B, Dehaen W. Postfunctionalization of the BODIPY Core: Synthesis and Spectroscopy. European J Org Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201500682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 234] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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