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Połomski D, DiBlasi NA, Dardenne K, Gaona X, Czerwinski K, Chotkowski M. Choline chloride-formic acid mixture as a medium for the reduction of pertechnetates - electrochemical and spectroscopic studies. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:1819-1826. [PMID: 36601876 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05398e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The physicochemical properties of a choline chloride (ChCl) and formic acid (FA) mixture (1 : 2 molar ratio) have been studied over a broad range of temperatures (-140 to 60 °C). Differential scanning calorimetry has shown that the examined system remains in the liquid state at very low temperatures - a glass transition is observed in the range of -125 °C to -90 °C. The kinematic viscosity, ionic conductivity and the width of the electrochemical window determined for this system revealed its beneficial electrochemical properties. This indicates the suitability of ChCl : FA electrolytes in electrochemical measurements. In this non-aqueous electrolyte, electrochemical reduction of Tc(VII) ions has been studied for the first time. Cyclic voltammetry and chronopotentiometry experiments revealed that the electroreduction of pertechnetates is a multi-path process which leads to the formation of a Tc(IV) ionic form. X-Ray absorption spectroscopy of the latter revealed its structure as a TcCl62- complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Damian Połomski
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Nicole A DiBlasi
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Kathy Dardenne
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | - Xavier Gaona
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Nuclear Waste Disposal, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, 76344, Germany
| | | | - Maciej Chotkowski
- University of Warsaw, Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089, Warsaw, Poland.
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Arı H, Büyükmumcu Z, Özpozan T. Vibrational spectroscopic study of isotopic effect on TcX3+ and TcX3OH (X: O, S and Se) by DFT. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.03.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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3
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Balasekaran SM, Sattelberger AP, Hagenbach A, Poineau F. Expanding the Chemistry of Rhenium Metal-Metal Bonded Fluoro Complexes: Facile Preparation and Characterization of Paddlewheel Complexes. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:319-325. [PMID: 29219297 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b02519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Quadruply bonded rhenium(III) dimers with the stoichiometry Re2L4F2 (1, L = hexahydro-2H-pyrimido[1,2a]pyrimidinate (hpp-); 2, L = diphenyl formamidinate (dpf-)) were prepared from the solid-state melt reactions (SSMRs) between (NH4)2[Re2F8]·2H2O and HL. Those compounds were characterized in the solid state by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and in solution by UV-visible spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The compound [Re2(hpp)4F2]PF6 (3) was prepared from the one-electron oxidation of Re2(hpp)4F2 with [Cp2Fe]PF6. Compounds 1-3 are isostructural with the corresponding chloro derivatives. In solution, compound 1 undergoes two one-electron oxidations. Comparison with its higher halogen homologues reveals that Re2(hpp)4F2 (1) is more easily oxidized than its chloro and bromo analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alfred P Sattelberger
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States.,Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory , Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Adelheid Hagenbach
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie University Berlin , Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Frederic Poineau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
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Childs BC, Braband H, Lawler K, Mast DS, Bigler L, Stalder U, Forster PM, Czerwinski KR, Alberto R, Sattelberger AP, Poineau F. Ditechnetium Heptoxide Revisited: Solid-State, Gas-Phase, and Theoretical Studies. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:10445-10452. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b01683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Henrik Braband
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Laurent Bigler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Urs Stalder
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Roger Alberto
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse
190, Zürich CH-8057, Switzerland
| | - Alfred P. Sattelberger
- Office of the Director, Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
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Mariappan Balasekaran S, Todorova TK, Pham CT, Hartmann T, Abram U, Sattelberger AP, Poineau F. Octafluorodirhenate(III) Revisited: Solid-State Preparation, Characterization, and Multiconfigurational Quantum Chemical Calculations. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:5417-21. [PMID: 27171734 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A simple method for the high-yield preparation of (NH4)2[Re2F8]·2H2O has been developed that involves the reaction of (n-Bu4N)2[Re2Cl8] with molten ammonium bifluoride (NH4HF2). Using this method, the new salt [NH4]2[Re2F8]·2H2O was prepared in ∼90% yield. The product was characterized in solution by ultraviolet-visible light (UV-vis) and (19)F nuclear magnetic resonance ((19)F NMR) spectroscopies and in the solid-state by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Multiconfigurational CASSCF/CASPT2 quantum chemical calculations were performed to investigate the molecular and electronic structure, as well as the electronic absorption spectrum of the [Re2F8](2-) anion. The metal-metal bonding in the Re2(6+) unit was quantified in terms of effective bond order (EBO) and compared to that of its [Re2Cl8](2-) and [Re2Br8](2-) analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tanya K Todorova
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Processus Biologiques, UMR 8229 CNRS, UPMC-Paris 6, Collège de France , 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75231 Paris Cedex 05, France
| | - Chien Thang Pham
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Hartmann
- Department of Engineering, University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Ulrich Abram
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin , D-14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alfred P Sattelberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States.,Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Frederic Poineau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas , Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
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Vilarrubias P. Electronic structure and spectroscopy of homoleptic compounds of dimolybdenum using TDDFT. CAN J CHEM 2016. [DOI: 10.1139/cjc-2015-0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Ten compounds of dimolybdenum are studied using density functional theory and time-dependent density functional theory. The energy of the strongest symmetry-allowed bands is calculated. The results are then compared with experimental data, when available. The PW91 functional gives results for geometry and for the energy of the δ→δ* band that show good agreement with experimental data. However, the B3LYP functional gives more realistic values for the whole spectrum when the results are compared with experimental data. Finally, the different values of energy of these bands are explained analyzing the molecular orbitals involved in these transitions. Some ligands can act as an unsaturated system in conjugation with the delta bond, modifying the energies of the electronic transitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pere Vilarrubias
- Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament d’Ensenyament, IES Castelló d’Empuries, Carrer Rentadors 6, Castelló d’Empuries, 17486 Girona (Spain)
- Generalitat de Catalunya, Departament d’Ensenyament, IES Castelló d’Empuries, Carrer Rentadors 6, Castelló d’Empuries, 17486 Girona (Spain)
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Synthesis and X-ray crystal structure of the dirhenium complex Re2(i-C3H7COO)4Cl2 and its interactions with the DNA purine nucleobases. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 153:114-120. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 06/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Blanchard PER, Reynolds E, Kennedy BJ, Ling CD, Zhang Z, Thorogood G, Cowie BCC, Thomsen L. An unconventional method for measuring the Tc L3-edge of technetium compounds. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2014; 21:1275-1281. [PMID: 25343795 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577514014891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Tc L3-edge XANES spectra have been collected on powder samples of SrTcO3 (octahedral Tc(4+)) and NH4TcO4 (tetrahedral Tc(7+)) immobilized in an epoxy resin. Features in the Tc L3-edge XANES spectra are compared with the pre-edge feature of the Tc K-edge as well as other 4d transition metal L3-edges. Evidence of crystal field splitting is obvious in the Tc L3-edge, which is sensitive to the coordination number and oxidation state of the Tc cation. The Tc L3 absorption edge energy difference between SrTcO3 (Tc(4+)) and NH4TcO4 (Tc(7+)) shows that the energy shift at the Tc L3-edge is an effective tool for studying changes in the oxidation states of technetium compounds. The Tc L3-edge spectra are compared with those obtained from Mo and Ru oxide standards with various oxidation states and coordination environments. Most importantly, fitting the Tc L3-edge to component peaks can provide direct evidence of crystal field splitting that cannot be obtained from the Tc K-edge.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emily Reynolds
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Brendan J Kennedy
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Chris D Ling
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Zhaoming Zhang
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Gordon Thorogood
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, Lucas Heights, NSW 2234, Australia
| | - Bruce C C Cowie
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
| | - Lars Thomsen
- Australian Synchrotron, 800 Blackburn Road, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia
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Poineau F, Forster PM, Todorova TK, Johnstone EV, Kerlin WM, Gagliardi L, Czerwinski KR, Sattelberger AP. A Decade of Dinuclear Technetium Complexes with Multiple Metal-Metal Bonds. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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11
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Todorova TK, Poineau F, Forster PM, Gagliardi L, Czerwinski KR, Sattelberger AP. Molecular and electronic structure of Tc2(O2CCH3)2Cl4 studied by multiconfigurational quantum chemical methods. Polyhedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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12
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Johnstone EV, Poineau F, Starkey J, Hartmann T, Forster PM, Ma L, Hilgar J, Rodriguez EE, Farmand R, Czerwinski KR, Sattelberger AP. Synthetic and coordination chemistry of the heavier trivalent technetium binary halides: uncovering technetium triiodide. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:14309-16. [PMID: 24295331 DOI: 10.1021/ic402278c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Technetium tribromide and triiodide were obtained from the reaction of the quadruply Tc-Tc-bonded dimer Tc2(O2CCH3)4Cl2 with flowing HX(g) (X = Br, I) at elevated temperatures. At 150 and 300 °C, the reaction with HBr(g) yields TcBr3 crystallizing with the TiI3 structure type. The analogous reactions with flowing HI(g) yield TcI3, the first technetium binary iodide to be reported. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) measurements show the compound to be amorphous at 150 °C and semicrystalline at 300 °C. X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy indicates TcI3 to consist of face-sharing TcI6 octahedra. Reactions of technetium metal with elemental iodine in a sealed Pyrex ampules in the temperature range 250-400 °C were performed. At 250 °C, no reaction occurred, while the reaction at 400 °C yielded a product whose PXRD pattern matches the one of TcI3 obtained from the reaction of Tc2(O2CCH3)4Cl2 and flowing HI(g). The thermal stability of TcBr3 and TcI3 was investigated in Pyrex and/or quartz ampules at 450 °C under vacuum. Technetium tribromide decomposes to Na{[Tc6Br12]2Br} in a Pyrex ampule and to technetium metal in a quartz ampule; technetium triiodide decomposes to technetium metal in a Pyrex ampule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik V Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada-Las Vegas , Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
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Shtemenko NI, Chifotides HT, Domasevitch KV, Golichenko AA, Babiy SA, Li Z, Paramonova KV, Shtemenko AV, Dunbar KR. Synthesis, X-ray structure, interactions with DNA, remarkable in vivo tumor growth suppression and nephroprotective activity of cis-tetrachloro-dipivalato dirhenium(III). J Inorg Biochem 2013; 129:127-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2013.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Poineau F, Johnstone EV, Sattelberger AP, Czerwinski KR. Characterization of TcCl4 and β-TcCl3 by X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-013-2743-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Poineau F, Weck PF, Burton-Pye BP, Denden I, Kim E, Kerlin W, German KE, Fattahi M, Francesconi LC, Sattelberger AP, Czerwinski KR. Reactivity of HTcO4 with methanol in sulfuric acid: Tc-sulfate complexes revealed by XAFS spectroscopy and first principles calculations. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:4348-52. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt32951h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ferrier M, Kerlin WM, Poineau F, Sattelberger AP, Czerwinski KR. Recent developments in the synthetic chemistry of technetium disulfide. Dalton Trans 2013; 42:15540-3. [DOI: 10.1039/c3dt52079j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Poineau F, Johnstone EV, Forster PM, Ma L, Sattelberger AP, Czerwinski KR. Probing the presence of multiple metal-metal bonds in technetium chlorides by X-ray absorption spectroscopy: implications for synthetic chemistry. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:9563-70. [PMID: 22906536 DOI: 10.1021/ic3014859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The cesium salts of [Tc(2)X(8)](3-) (X = Cl, Br), the reduction product of (n-Bu(4)N)[TcOCl(4)] with (n-Bu(4)N)BH(4) in THF, and the product obtained from reaction of Tc(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4)Cl(2) with HCl(g) at 300 °C have been characterized by extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) spectroscopy. For the [Tc(2)X(8)](3-) anions, the Tc-Tc separations found by EXAFS spectroscopy (2.12(2) Å for both X = Cl and Br) are in excellent agreement with those found by single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) measurements (2.117[4] Å for X = Cl and 2.1265(1) Å for X = Br). The Tc-Tc separation found by EXAFS in these anions is slightly shorter than those found in the [Tc(2)X(8)](2-) anions (2.16(2) Å for X = Cl and Br). Spectroscopic and SCXRD characterization of the reduction product of (n-Bu(4)N)[TcOCl(4)] with (n-Bu(4)N)BH(4) are consistent with the presence of dinuclear species that are related to the [Tc(2)Cl(8)](n-) (n = 2, 3) anions. From these results, a new preparation of (n-Bu(4)N)(2)[Tc(2)Cl(8)] was developed. Finally, EXAFS characterization of the product obtained from reaction of Tc(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4)Cl(2) with HCl(g) at 300 °C indicates the presence of amorphous α-TcCl(3). The Tc-Tc separation (i.e., 2.46(2) Å) measured in this compound is consistent with the presence of Tc═Tc double bonds in the [Tc(3)](9+) core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Poineau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States.
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Poineau F, Forster PM, Todorova TK, Gagliardi L, Sattelberger AP, Czerwinski KR. Multi-configurational quantum chemical studies of the Tc2X8(n-) (X = Cl, Br; n = 2, 3) anions. Crystallographic structure of octabromoditechnetate(3-). Dalton Trans 2012; 41:2869-72. [PMID: 22258182 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt11952h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The [Cs((2 + x))][H(3)O((1 - x))]Tc(2)Br(8)·4.6H(2)O (x = 0.221) salt has been synthesized and characterized by single crystal XRD. Multi-configurational quantum chemical calculations on Tc(2)X(8)(n-) (X = Cl, Br; n = 2, 3) have been performed and indicate the π component in the Tc-Tc bond to be stronger for n = 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Poineau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89154, USA.
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Ferrier M, Weck PF, Poineau F, Kim E, Stebbins A, Ma L, Sattelberger AP, Czerwinski KR. First evidence for the formation of technetium oxosulfide complexes: synthesis, structure and characterization. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:6291-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c2dt30063j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Poineau F, Malliakas CD, Weck PF, Scott BL, Johnstone EV, Forster PM, Kim E, Kanatzidis MG, Czerwinski KR, Sattelberger AP. Technetium Dichloride: A New Binary Halide Containing Metal–Metal Multiple Bonds. J Am Chem Soc 2011; 133:8814-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ja201788m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Poineau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada—Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Christos D. Malliakas
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Philippe F. Weck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada—Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Brian L. Scott
- Materials Physics and Applications Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Erik V. Johnstone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada—Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Paul M. Forster
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada—Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Eunja Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada—Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Mercouri G. Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Materials Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Kenneth R. Czerwinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada—Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
| | - Alfred P. Sattelberger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada—Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, United States
- Energy Engineering and Systems Analysis Directorate, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Spectroscopic and structural characterization of reduced technetium species in acetate media. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-011-1000-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Takagi N, Krapp A, Frenking G. On the nature of homo- and hetero-dinuclear metal–metal quadruple bonds — Analysis of the bonding situation and benchmarking DFT against wave function methods. CAN J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1139/v10-078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Homo- and hetero-dimetallic (d–d)8 analogues of the formally quadruply bonded [Re2Cl8]2– system with the general formula [MM′Cl8]x (M, M′ = Tc, Re, Ru, Os, Rh, Ir and x = –2, –1, 0, +1, +2) have been calculated with the density functional theory (DFT) functionals SVWN, BLYP, BP86, PBE, OLYP, OPBE, HCTH, B3LYP, O3LYP, X3LYP, BH&HLYP, TPSS, VSXC, TPPSh, and ab initio methods (CASPT2, CCSD(T)) using basis sets of triple-ζ quality. The performance of the functionals for the description of the metal–metal bond distance and the bond dissociation energy as well as the singlet–triplet gap was evaluated with respect to ab initio data at the CASPT2 level. Generally, the generalized gradient approximation (GGA) functionals, BLYP, BP86, and PBE, show good performance in the description of the metal–metal bond distance and for the dissociation energy. Hybrid functionals are not to be used for compounds of the type discussed here as they lead to increasingly too short and too weak bonds with the amount of exact exchange included. All functionals underestimate the singlet–triplet gap, with the GGA functionals BLYP, BP86, PBE being the closest to the CASPT2 values. The bonding situations of the [MM′Cl8]x compounds were analyzed at the DFT level (BP86) using the natural bond orbital (NBO) method and the energy decomposition analysis. The M–M bond in homodimetallic compounds, [MMCl8]x, becomes weaker from group 7 to group 8 to group 9 metals and the bond is weaker for 4d metal systems than for 5d transition metal compounds. The M–M bonds have approximately 50% covalent and 50% electrostatic character and the covalent contribution is dominated by the π orbitals, whereas the δ orbitals do not contribute significantly to the covalent bonding. Heterodimetallic systems, [MM′Cl8]x, have significantly stronger metal–metal bonds than the homodimetallic compounds. This comes from weaker Pauli repulsion and stronger electrostatic attraction. The most stable heterodimetallic bonds are observed for 5d–5d metal pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nozomi Takagi
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-35039 Marburg, Germany
- Senter for teoretisk og beregningsorientert kjemi, Kjemisk institutt, Universitetet i Oslo, Postboks 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Andreas Krapp
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-35039 Marburg, Germany
- Senter for teoretisk og beregningsorientert kjemi, Kjemisk institutt, Universitetet i Oslo, Postboks 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
| | - Gernot Frenking
- Fachbereich Chemie, Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-35039 Marburg, Germany
- Senter for teoretisk og beregningsorientert kjemi, Kjemisk institutt, Universitetet i Oslo, Postboks 1033 Blindern, 0315 Oslo, Norway
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Borin AC, Paulo Gobbo J, Roos BO. Electronic structure and chemical bonding in the ground states of Tc2 and Re2. Mol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970802712555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Poineau F, Forster PM, Todorova TK, Gagliardi L, Sattelberger AP, Czerwinski KR. Structural, spectroscopic, and multiconfigurational quantum chemical investigations of the electron-rich metal-metal triple-bonded Tc(2)X(4)(PMe(3))(4) (X = Cl, Br) complexes. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:6646-54. [PMID: 20557033 DOI: 10.1021/ic100641j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The compounds Tc(2)Cl(4)(PMe(3))(4) and Tc(2)Br(4)(PMe(3))(4) were formed from the reaction between (n-Bu(4)N)(2)Tc(2)X(8) (X = Cl, Br) and trimethylphosphine. The Tc(II) dinuclear species were characterized by single-crystal XRD, UV-visible spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry techniques, and the results are compared to those obtained from density functional theory and multiconfigurational (CASSCF/CASPT2) quantum chemical studies. The compound Tc(2)Cl(4)(PMe(3))(4) crystallizes in the monoclinic space group C2/c [a = 17.9995(9) A, b = 9.1821(5) A, c = 17.0090(9) A, beta = 115.4530(10) degrees ] and is isostructural to M(2)Cl(4)(PMe(3))(4) (M = Re, Mo, W) and to Tc(2)Br(4)(PMe(3))(4). The metal-metal distance (2.1318(2) A) is similar to the one found in Tc(2)Br(4)(PMe(3))(4) (2.1316(5) A). The calculated molecular structures of the ground states are in excellent agreement with the structures determined experimentally. Calculations of effective bond orders for Tc(2)X(8)(2-) and Tc(2)X(4)(PMe(3))(4) (X = Cl, Br) indicate stronger pi bonds in the Tc(2)(4+) core than in Tc(2)(6+) core. The electronic spectra were recorded in benzene and show a series of low intensity bands in the range 10 000-26 000 cm(-1). Assignment of the bands as well as computing their excitation energies and intensities were performed at both TD-DFT and CASSCF/CASPT2 levels of theory. Calculations predict that the lowest energy band corresponds to the delta* --> sigma* transition, the difference between calculated and experimental values being 228 cm(-1) for X = Cl and 866 cm(-1) for X = Br. The next bands are attributed to delta* --> pi*, delta --> sigma*, and delta --> pi* transitions. The cyclic voltammograms exhibit two reversible waves and indicate that Tc(2)Br(4)(PMe(3))(4) exhibits more positive oxidation potentials than Tc(2)Cl(4)(PMe(3))(4.) This phenomenon is discussed and ascribed to stronger metal (d) to halide (d) back bonding in the bromo complex. Further analysis indicates that Tc(II) dinuclear species containing pi-acidic phosphines are more difficult to oxidize, and a correlation between oxidation potential and phosphine acidity was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Poineau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154, USA.
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Yoshimura T, Ikai T, Takayama T, Sekine T, Kino Y, Shinohara A. Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Electrochemical Properties, and Electronic Structures of Octahedral Hexatechnetium(III) Clusters [Tc6Q8(CN)6]4− (Q = S, Se). Inorg Chem 2010; 49:5876-82. [DOI: 10.1021/ic1000717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Yoshimura
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Takuya Ikai
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Takayama
- Department of Chemistry, Daido University, Nagoya, Aichi 457-8530, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Sekine
- Center for the Advancement of Higher Education, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8576, Japan
| | - Yasushi Kino
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Atsushi Shinohara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
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Poineau F, Hartmann T, Weck PF, Kim E, Silva GWC, Jarvinen GD, Czerwinski KR. Structural Studies of Technetium−Zirconium Alloys by X-ray Diffraction, High-Resolution Electron Microscopy, and First-Principles Calculations. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:1433-8. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9016257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederic Poineau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Thomas Hartmann
- Harry Reid Center for Environmental Studies, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Philippe F. Weck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | - Eunja Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
| | | | - Gordon D. Jarvinen
- G. T. Seaborg Institute, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545
| | - Kenneth R. Czerwinski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
- Harry Reid Center for Environmental Studies, University of Nevada Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada 89154
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Poineau F, Rodriguez EE, Weck PF, Sattelberger AP, Forster P, Hartmann T, Mausolf E, Silva GWC, Jarvinen GD, Cheetham AK, Czerwinski KR. Review of technetium chemistry research conducted at the University of Nevada Las Vegas. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-009-0226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Poineau F, Gagliardi L, Forster PM, Sattelberger AP, Czerwinski KR. Crystal structure of octabromoditechnetate(iii) and a multi-configurational quantum chemical study of the δ→δ* transition in quadruply bonded [M2X8]2− dimers (M = Tc, Re; X = Cl, Br). Dalton Trans 2009:5954-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b902106j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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