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Sun S, Choe J, Cho J. Photo-triggered NO release of nitrosyl complexes bearing first-row transition metals and therapeutic applications. Chem Sci 2024; 15:20155-20170. [PMID: 39583571 PMCID: PMC11580031 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc06820c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2024] [Accepted: 11/06/2024] [Indexed: 11/26/2024] Open
Abstract
In biological systems, nitric oxide (NO) is a crucial signaling molecule that regulates a wide range of physiological and pathological processes. Given the significance of NO, there has been considerable interest in delivering NO exogenously, particularly through light as a non-invasive therapeutic approach. However, due to the high reactivity and instability of NO under physiological conditions, directly delivering NO to targeted sites remains challenging. In recent decades, photo-responsive transition metal-nitrosyl complexes, especially based on first-row transition metals such as Mn, Fe, and Co, have emerged as efficient NO donors, offering higher delivery efficiency and quantum yields than heavy metal-nitrosyl complexes under light exposure. This review provides a comprehensive overview of current knowledge and recent developments in the field of photolabile first-row transition metal-nitrosyl complexes, focusing on the structural and electronic properties, photoreactivity, photodissociation mechanisms, and potential therapeutic applications. By consolidating the key features of photoactive nitrosyl complexes, the review offers deeper insights and highlights the potential of first-row transition metal-nitrosyl complexes as versatile tools for photo-triggered NO delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungwon Sun
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Jisu Choe
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeheung Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Carbon Neutrality, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) Ulsan 44919 Republic of Korea
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2
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Martinez AC, Tye OJ, Frazier CM, Bartz JA. Vector Correlations in the 225 nm Photodissociation of Co(CO) 3NO. J Phys Chem A 2023; 127:71-77. [PMID: 36595592 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c06549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Metal nitrosyls are fascinating compounds because they undergo significant geometry changes in the excited state. The volatile compound, Co(CO)3NO, is a model for understanding the excited-state behavior. In this experiment, Co(CO)3NO was photodissociated in a DC-sliced velocity mapping ion imaging apparatus with 1 + 1' resonance-enhanced multiphoton ionization (REMPI) detection of the nascent NO. Ion images were collected for different linear polarization of the dissociation and probe lasers to determine the vector correlations in the photodissociation. The fastest NO products arise from an excitation parallel to the dissociating Co-NO bond. The Co-NO bond bends in the excited state, producing an NO photoproduct with angular momentum that is also aligned in the laboratory frame. The μ-v-J vector correlations were measured and are consistent with the orientation μ||v⊥J caused by an excited-state Co-NO bend prior to dissociation. Slower NO photoproducts emerge with smaller vector correlations stemming from fragmentation, parent or fragment rotation, or intersystem crossing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron C Martinez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kalamazoo College, 1200 Academy Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan49006, United States
| | - Oliver J Tye
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kalamazoo College, 1200 Academy Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan49006, United States
| | - Caelan M Frazier
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kalamazoo College, 1200 Academy Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan49006, United States
| | - Jeffrey A Bartz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Kalamazoo College, 1200 Academy Street, Kalamazoo, Michigan49006, United States
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3
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Dey A, Confer AM, Vilbert AC, Moënne-Loccoz P, Lancaster KM, Goldberg DP. A Nonheme Sulfur-Ligated {FeNO} 6 Complex and Comparison with Redox-Interconvertible {FeNO} 7 and {FeNO} 8 Analogues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:13465-13469. [PMID: 30125450 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201806146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
A nonheme {FeNO}6 complex, [Fe(NO)(N3PyS)]2+ , was synthesized by reversible, one-electron oxidation of an {FeNO}7 analogue. This complex completes the first known series of sulfur-ligated {FeNO}6-8 complexes. All three {FeNO}6-8 complexes are readily interconverted by one-electron oxidation/reduction. A comparison of spectroscopic data (UV/Vis, NMR, IR, Mössbauer, X-ray absorption) provides a complete picture of the electronic and structural changes that occur upon {FeNO}6 -{FeNO}8 interconversion. Dissociation of NO from the new {FeNO}6 complex is shown to be controlled by solvent, temperature, and photolysis, which is rare for a sulfur-ligated {FeNO}6 species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Dey
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Alex M Confer
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Avery C Vilbert
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Pierre Moënne-Loccoz
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, 97239, USA
| | - Kyle M Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - David P Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
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4
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Dey A, Confer AM, Vilbert AC, Moënne‐Loccoz P, Lancaster KM, Goldberg DP. A Nonheme Sulfur‐Ligated {FeNO}
6
Complex and Comparison with Redox‐Interconvertible {FeNO}
7
and {FeNO}
8
Analogues. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201806146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha Dey
- Department of Chemistry The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Alex M. Confer
- Department of Chemistry The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
| | - Avery C. Vilbert
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - Pierre Moënne‐Loccoz
- Division of Environmental and Biomolecular Systems Oregon Health and Science University Portland OR 97239 USA
| | - Kyle M. Lancaster
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology Cornell University Ithaca NY 14853 USA
| | - David P. Goldberg
- Department of Chemistry The Johns Hopkins University Baltimore MD 21218 USA
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5
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Speelman AL, White CJ, Zhang B, Alp EE, Zhao J, Hu M, Krebs C, Penner-Hahn J, Lehnert N. Non-heme High-Spin {FeNO} 6-8 Complexes: One Ligand Platform Can Do It All. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:11341-11359. [PMID: 30107126 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b06095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Heme and non-heme iron-nitrosyl complexes are important intermediates in biology. While there are numerous examples of low-spin heme iron-nitrosyl complexes in different oxidation states, much less is known about high-spin (hs) non-heme iron-nitrosyls in oxidation states other than the formally ferrous NO adducts ({FeNO}7 in the Enemark-Feltham notation). In this study, we present a complete series of hs-{FeNO}6-8 complexes using the TMG3tren coligand. Redox transformations from the hs-{FeNO}7 complex [Fe(TMG3tren)(NO)]2+ to its {FeNO}6 and {FeNO}8 analogs do not alter the coordination environment of the iron center, allowing for detailed comparisons between these species. Here, we present new MCD, NRVS, XANES/EXAFS, and Mössbauer data, demonstrating that these redox transformations are metal based, which allows us to access hs-Fe(II)-NO-, Fe(III)-NO-, and Fe(IV)-NO- complexes. Vibrational data, analyzed by NCA, directly quantify changes in Fe-NO bonding along this series. Optical data allow for the identification of a "spectator" charge-transfer transition that, together with Mössbauer and XAS data, directly monitors the electronic changes of the Fe center. Using EXAFS, we are also able to provide structural data for all complexes. The magnetic properties of the complexes are further analyzed (from magnetic Mössbauer). The properties of our hs-{FeNO}6-8 complexes are then contrasted to corresponding, low-spin iron-nitrosyl complexes where redox transformations are generally NO centered. The hs-{FeNO}8 complex can further be protonated by weak acids, and the product of this reaction is characterized. Taken together, these results provide unprecedented insight into the properties of biologically relevant non-heme iron-nitrosyl complexes in three relevant oxidation states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Speelman
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - Corey J White
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - E Ercan Alp
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Jiyong Zhao
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Michael Hu
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Carsten Krebs
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , The Pennsylvania State University , University Park , Pennsylvania 16802 , United States
| | - James Penner-Hahn
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
| | - Nicolai Lehnert
- Department of Chemistry and Department of Biophysics , University of Michigan , Ann Arbor , Michigan 48109-1055 , United States
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6
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Kumar S, Gupta R. Cobalt Complexes Catalyze Reduction of Nitro Compounds: Mechanistic Studies. ChemistrySelect 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201701378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sushil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi - 110 007 India
| | - Rajeev Gupta
- Department of Chemistry; University of Delhi; Delhi - 110 007 India
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7
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Speelman AL, Zhang B, Krebs C, Lehnert N. Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of a High-Spin {FeNO}(6) Complex with an Iron(IV)-NO(-) Electronic Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:6685-8. [PMID: 27101151 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201601742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Although the interaction of low-spin ferric complexes with nitric oxide has been well studied, examples of stable high-spin ferric nitrosyls (such as those that could be expected to form at typical non-heme iron sites in biology) are extremely rare. Using the TMG3 tren co-ligand, we have prepared a high-spin ferric NO adduct ({FeNO}(6) complex) via electrochemical or chemical oxidation of the corresponding high-spin ferrous NO {FeNO}(7) complex. The {FeNO}(6) compound is characterized by UV/Visible and IR spectroelectrochemistry, Mössbauer and NMR spectroscopy, X-ray crystallography, and DFT calculations. The data show that its electronic structure is best described as a high-spin iron(IV) center bound to a triplet NO(-) ligand with a very covalent iron-NO bond. This finding demonstrates that this high-spin iron nitrosyl compound undergoes iron-centered redox chemistry, leading to fundamentally different properties than corresponding low-spin compounds, which undergo NO-centered redox transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy L Speelman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Carsten Krebs
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Nicolai Lehnert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, 930 N University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.
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8
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Speelman AL, Zhang B, Krebs C, Lehnert N. Structural and Spectroscopic Characterization of a High‐Spin {FeNO}
6
Complex with an Iron(IV)−NO
−
Electronic Structure. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201601742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amy L. Speelman
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan 930 N University Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Carsten Krebs
- Department of Chemistry, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology The Pennsylvania State University University Park PA 16802 USA
| | - Nicolai Lehnert
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan 930 N University Avenue Ann Arbor MI 48109 USA
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9
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Das UK, Daifuku SL, Gorelsky SI, Korobkov I, Neidig ML, Le Roy JJ, Murugesu M, Baker RT. Mononuclear, Dinuclear, and Trinuclear Iron Complexes Featuring a New Monoanionic SNS Thiolate Ligand. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:987-97. [PMID: 26741465 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.5b02833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The new tridentate ligand, S(Me)N(H)S = 2-(2-methylthiophenyl)benzothiazolidine, prepared in a single step from commercial precursors in excellent yield, undergoes ring-opening on treatment with Fe(OTf)2 in the presence of base affording a trinuclear iron complex, [Fe3(μ2-S(Me)NS(-))4](OTf)2 (1) which is fully characterized by structural and spectroscopic methods. X-ray structural data reveal that 1 contains four S(Me)NS(-) ligands meridionally bound to two pseudooctahedral iron centers each bridged by two thiolates to a distorted tetrahedral central iron. The combined spectroscopic (UV-vis, Mössbauer, NMR), magnetic (solution and solid state), and computational (DFT) studies indicate that 1 includes a central, high-spin Fe(II) (S = 2) with two low-spin (S = 0) peripheral Fe(II) centers. Complex 1 reacts with excess PMePh2, CNxylyl (2,6-dimethylphenyl isocyanide), and P(OMe)3 in CH3CN to form diamagnetic, thiolate-bridged, dinuclear Fe(II) complexes {[Fe(μ-S(Me)NS(-))L2]2}(OTf)2 (2-4). These complexes are characterized by elemental analysis; (1)H NMR, IR, UV-vis, and Mössbauer spectroscopy; and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Interestingly, addition of excess P(OMe)3 to complex 1 in CH2Cl2 produces primarily the diamagnetic, mononuclear Fe(II) complex, {Fe(S(Me)NS(-))[P(OMe)3]3}(OTf) (5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Uttam K Das
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Stephanie L Daifuku
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Serge I Gorelsky
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Ilia Korobkov
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Michael L Neidig
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester , Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Jennifer J Le Roy
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - Muralee Murugesu
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
| | - R Tom Baker
- Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences and Centre for Catalysis Research and Innovation, University of Ottawa , Ottawa, Ontario K1N 6N5, Canada
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10
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Nakae T, Hirotsu M, Aono S, Nakajima H. Visible-light-induced release of CO by thiolate iron(iii) carbonyl complexes bearing N,C,S-pincer ligands. Dalton Trans 2016; 45:16153-16156. [DOI: 10.1039/c6dt03399g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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11
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Tyagi N, Singh O, Singh UP, Ghosh K. Nitric oxide (NO) reactivity studies on mononuclear iron(ii) complexes supported by a tetradentate Schiff base ligand. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra21659e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Mononuclear iron(ii) complexes were synthesised and characterized from tetradentate ligands. The reactivity of NO afforded ligand nitrated iron(ii) complex along with the in situ formation of an unstable nitrosylated iron complex which was monitored by UV-vis spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nidhi Tyagi
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee 247667
- India
| | - Ovender Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee 247667
- India
| | - Udai P. Singh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee 247667
- India
| | - Kaushik Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
- Roorkee 247667
- India
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12
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Abstract
The coordination chemistry of metal nitrosyls has expanded rapidly in the past decades due to major advances of nitric oxide and its metal compounds in biology. This review article highlights advances made in the area of multinuclear metal nitrosyl complexes, including Roussin's salts and their ester derivatives from 2003 to present. The review article focuses on isolated multinuclear metal nitrosyl complexes and is organized into different sections by the number of metal centers and bridging ligands.
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13
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Fang YX, Ao YF, Wang DX, Zhao L, Wang MX. Synthesis, structure and transition metal ion complexation property of lariat azacalix[4]pyridines. Tetrahedron 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2015.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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14
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Widger LR, Jiang Y, McQuilken AC, Yang T, Siegler MA, Matsumura H, Moënne-Loccoz P, Kumar D, de Visser SP, Goldberg DP. Thioether-ligated iron(II) and iron(III)-hydroperoxo/alkylperoxo complexes with an H-bond donor in the second coordination sphere. Dalton Trans 2014; 43:7522-32. [PMID: 24705907 PMCID: PMC4319814 DOI: 10.1039/c4dt00281d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The non-heme iron complexes, [Fe(II)(N3PySR)(CH3CN)](BF4)2 () and [Fe(II)(N3Py(amide)SR)](BF4)2 (), afford rare examples of metastable Fe(iii)-OOH and Fe(iii)-OOtBu complexes containing equatorial thioether ligands and a single H-bond donor in the second coordination sphere. These peroxo complexes were characterized by a range of spectroscopic methods and density functional theory studies. The influence of a thioether ligand and of one H-bond donor on the stability and spectroscopic properties of these complexes was investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leland R Widger
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA.
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15
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McQuilken AC, Ha Y, Sutherlin KD, Siegler MA, Hodgson KO, Hedman B, Solomon EI, Jameson GNL, Goldberg DP. Preparation of non-heme {FeNO}7 models of cysteine dioxygenase: sulfur versus nitrogen ligation and photorelease of nitric oxide. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:14024-7. [PMID: 24040838 DOI: 10.1021/ja4064487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We present the synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of [Fe(NO)(N3PyS)]BF4 (3), the first structural and electronic model of NO-bound cysteine dioxygenase. The nearly isostructural all-N-donor analogue [Fe(NO)(N4Py)](BF4)2 (4) was also prepared, and comparisons of 3 and 4 provide insight regarding the influence of S vs N ligation in {FeNO}(7) species. One key difference occurs upon photoirradiation, which causes the fully reversible release of NO from 3, but not from 4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alison C McQuilken
- Department of Chemistry, The Johns Hopkins University , Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
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16
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Pluth MD, Lippard SJ. Reversible binding of nitric oxide to an Fe(III) complex of a tetra-amido macrocycle. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013; 48:11981-3. [PMID: 23133836 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc37221e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Nitric oxide binds reversibly to the Fe(III) complex of a well-developed tetra-amido macrocyclic ligand. Reaction with NO results in formation of a species consistent with an S = 1 {Fe-NO}(6) ground state as characterized by UV-vis, IR, EPR, and Mössbauer spectroscopy. The resultant nitrosyl is labile and dissociates readily upon purging with N(2), thus providing a rare example of reversible NO binding to non-heme iron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Pluth
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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17
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Gumataotao N, Kuhn ML, Hajnas N, Holz RC. Identification of an active site-bound nitrile hydratase intermediate through single turnover stopped-flow spectroscopy. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:15532-6. [PMID: 23589282 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m112.398909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Stopped-flow kinetic data were obtained for the iron-type nitrile hydratase from Rhodococcus equi TG328-2 (ReNHase) using methacrylonitrile as the substrate. Multiple turnover experiments suggest a three-step kinetic model that allows for the reversible binding of substrate, the presence of an intermediate, and the formation of product. Microscopic rate constants determined from these data are in good agreement with steady state data confirming that the stopped-flow method used was appropriate for the reaction. Single turnover stopped-flow experiments were used to identify catalytic intermediates. These data were globally fit confirming a three-step kinetic model. Independent absorption spectra acquired between 0.005 and 0.5 s of the reaction reveal a significant increase in absorbance at 375, 460, and 550 nm along with the hypsochromic shift of an Fe(3+)←S ligand-to-metal charge transfer band from 700 to 650 nm. The observed UV-visible absorption bands for the Fe(3+)-nitrile intermediate species are similar to low spin Fe(3+)-enzyme and model complexes bound by NO or N3((-)). These data provide spectroscopic evidence for the direct coordination of the nitrile substrate to the nitrile hydratase active site low spin Fe(3+) center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Gumataotao
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Loyola University Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60660, USA
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18
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The Active Site of Nitrile Hydratase: An Assembly of Unusual Coordination Features by Nature. MOLECULAR DESIGN IN INORGANIC BIOCHEMISTRY 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/430_2012_85] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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19
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Kumar D, Masitas CA, Nguyen TN, Grapperhaus CA. Bioinspired catalytic nitrile hydration by dithiolato, sulfinato/thiolato, and sulfenato/sulfinato ruthenium complexes. Chem Commun (Camb) 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cc35256g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Shearer J, Callan PE, Masitas CA, Grapperhaus CA. Influence of sequential thiolate oxidation on a nitrile hydratase mimic probed by multiedge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Inorg Chem 2012; 51:6032-45. [PMID: 22591049 DOI: 10.1021/ic202453c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Nitrile hydratases (NHases) are Fe(III)- and Co(III)-containing hydrolytic enzymes that convert nitriles into amides. The metal-center is contained within an N(2)S(3) coordination motif with two post-translationally modified cysteinates contained in a cis arrangement, which have been converted into a sulfinate (R-SO(2)(-)) and a sulfenate (R-SO(-)) group. Herein, we utilize Ru L-edge and ligand (N-, S-, and P-) K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopies to probe the influence that these modifications have on the electronic structure of a series of sequentially oxidized thiolate-coordinated Ru(II) complexes ((bmmp-TASN)RuPPh(3), (bmmp-O(2)-TASN)RuPPh(3), and (bmmp-O(3)-TASN)RuPPh(3)). Included is the use of N K-edge spectroscopy, which was used for the first time to extract N-metal covalency parameters. We find that upon oxygenation of the bis-thiolate compound (bmmp-TASN)RuPPh(3) to the sulfenato species (bmmp-O(2)-TASN)RuPPh(3) and then to the mixed sulfenato/sulfinato speices (bmmp-O(3)-TASN)RuPPh(3) the complexes become progressively more ionic, and hence the Ru(II) center becomes a harder Lewis acid. These findings are reinforced by hybrid DFT calculations (B(38HF)P86) using a large quadruple-ζ basis set. The biological implications of these findings in relation to the NHase catalytic cycle are discussed in terms of the creation of a harder Lewis acid, which aids in nitrile hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Shearer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.
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Fry NL, Mascharak PK. Photolability of NO in designed metal nitrosyls with carboxamido-N donors: a theoretical attempt to unravel the mechanism. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:4726-35. [PMID: 22388493 DOI: 10.1039/c2dt12470j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
During the past few years, photoactive metal nitrosyls (NO complexes of metals) have drawn attention as potential drugs for delivery of nitric oxide (NO) to biological targets under the control of light. Major success in this area has been achieved with designed metal nitrosyls derived from ligands that contain carboxamide group(s). A number of iron, manganese and ruthenium {MNO}(6) nitrosyls of such kind exhibit excellent NO photolability under low-power visible and near-IR light. The results of theoretical studies on these NO-donors have provided insight into (a) the electronic transitions that lead to photorelease of NO and (b) the structural features of the ligands that dictate the sensitivity of the nitrosyls to light of specific wavelengths. In addition, the results have afforded clear understanding of the electronic configurations of the various nitrosyls. This article highlights these results in a coherent manner. Good matches between the predicted and observed spectral features and NO photolability strongly suggest that theoretical studies should be an integral part of the smart design of such NO-donors in the future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole L Fry
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA
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Fry NL, Zhao XP, Mascharak PK. Density functional theory studies on a designed photoactive {FeNO}6 nitrosyl and the corresponding photoinactive {FeNO}7 species: Insight into the origin of NO photolability. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2010.12.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Stasicka Z. Transition metal complexes as solar photocatalysts in the environment. ADVANCES IN INORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-385904-4.00004-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Masitas CA, Kumar M, Mashuta MS, Kozlowski PM, Grapperhaus CA. Controlled sulfur oxygenation of the ruthenium dithiolate (4,7-bis-(2'-methyl-2'-mercaptopropyl)-1-thia-4,7-diazacyclononane)RuPPh(3) under limiting O(2) conditions yields thiolato/sulfinato, sulfenato/sulfinato, and bis-sulfinato derivatives. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:10875-81. [PMID: 20973591 DOI: 10.1021/ic101221z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The ruthenium(II) dithiolate complex (bmmp-TASN)RuPPh(3) (1) reacts with O(2) under limiting conditions to yield isolable sulfur oxygenated derivatives as a function of reaction time. With this approach, a family of sulfur-oxygenates has been prepared and isolated without the need for O-atom transfer agents or column chromatography. Addition of 5 equiv of O(2) to 1 yields the thiolato/sulfinato complex (bmmp-O(2)-TASN)RuPPh(3) (2) in 70% yield within 5 min. Increasing the reaction time to 12 h yields the sulfenato/sulfinato derivative (bmmp-O(3)-TASN)RuPPh(3) (3) in 82% yield. Longer reaction times and/or additional O(2) exposure yield the bis-sulfinato complex (bmmp-O(4)-TASN)RuPPh(3) (4). All products remain in the Ru(II) oxidation state under the conditions employed. Stoichiometric hydrolysis of acetonitrile to acetamide by 2 and 3 is observed in mixed acetonitrile, methanol, PIPES buffer (pH = 7.0) mixtures. The Ru(III)/(II) reduction potential of -0.85 V (versus ferrocenium/ferrocene) for 1 shifts to -0.39 and -0.26 V for 2 and 3, respectively, because of the decreased donor ability of sulfur upon oxygenation. X-ray diffraction studies reveal a decrease in Ru-S bond distances upon oxygenation by 0.045(1) and 0.158(1) Å for the sulfenato and sulfinato donors, respectively. Conversely, sulfur-oxygenation increases the Ru-P bond distance by 0.061(1) Å from 1 to 2 and an additional 0.027(1) Å from 2 to 3. Density functional theory investigations using the BP86 and B3LYP functionals with a LANL2DZ basis set for Ru and the 6-31G(d) basis set for all other atoms reveal a direct correlation between the oxygenation level and the Ru-P distance with an increase of 0.031 Å per O-atom.
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Affiliation(s)
- César A Masitas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292, United States
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Shearer J, Callan PE, Amie J. Use of metallopeptide based mimics demonstrates that the metalloprotein nitrile hydratase requires two oxidized cysteinates for catalytic activity. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:9064-77. [PMID: 20831172 PMCID: PMC3570060 DOI: 10.1021/ic101765h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nitrile hydratases (NHases) are non-heme Fe(III) or non-corrin Co(III) containing metalloenzymes that possess an N(2)S(3) ligand environment with nitrogen donors derived from amidates and sulfur donors derived from cysteinates. A closely related enzyme is thiocyanate hydrolase (SCNase), which possesses a nearly identical active-site coordination environment as CoNHase. These enzymes are redox inactive and perform hydrolytic reactions; SCNase hydrolyzes thiocyanate anions while NHase converts nitriles into amides. Herein an active CoNHase metallopeptide mimic, [Co(III)NHase-m1] (NHase-m1 = AcNH-CCDLP-CGVYD-PA-COOH), that contains Co(III) in a similar N(2)S(3) coordination environment as CoNHase is reported. [Co(III)NHase-m1] was characterized by electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), gel-permeation chromatography (GPC), Co K-edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy (Co-S: 2.21 Å; Co-N: 1.93 Å), vibrational, and optical spectroscopies. We find that [Co(III)NHase-m1] will perform the catalytic conversion of acrylonitrile into acrylamide with up to 58 turnovers observed after 18 h at 25 °C (pH 8.0). FTIR data used in concert with calculated vibrational data (mPWPW91/aug-cc-TZVPP) demonstrates that the active form of [Co(III)NHase-m1] has a ligated SO(2) (ν = 1091 cm(-1)) moiety and a ligated protonated SO(H) (ν = 928 cm(-1)) moiety; when only one oxygenated cysteinate ligand (i.e., a mono-SO(2) coordination motif) or the bis-SO(2) coordination motif are found within [Co(III)NHase-m1] no catalytic activity is observed. Calculations of the thermodynamics of ligand exchange (B3LYP/aug-cc-TZVPP) suggest that the reason for this is that the SO(2)/SO(H) equatorial ligand motif promotes both water dissociation from the Co(III)-center and nitrile coordination to the Co(III)-center. In contrast, the under- or overoxidized motifs will either strongly favor a five coordinate Co(III)-center or strongly favor water binding to the Co(III)-center over nitrile binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Shearer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA.
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Masitas CA, Mashuta MS, Grapperhaus CA. Asymmetric Oxygenation of a Ruthenium Dithiolate Mimics the Mixed Sulfenato/Sulfinato Donor Sets of Nitrile Hydratase and Thiocyanate Hydrolase. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:5344-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ic100414c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- César A. Masitas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292
| | - Mark S. Mashuta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky 40292
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