1
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Jin W, Zhang W, Tudi A, Wang L, Zhou X, Yang Z, Pan S. Fluorine-Driven Enhancement of Birefringence in the Fluorooxosulfate: A Deep Evaluation from a Joint Experimental and Computational Study. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2003594. [PMID: 34085784 PMCID: PMC8336506 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202003594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Understanding and exploring the functional modules (FMs) consisting of local atomic groups can promote the development of the materials with functional performances. Oxygen-containing tetrahedral modules are popular in deep-ultraviolet (DUV) optical materials, but their weak optical anisotropy is adverse to birefringence. Here, the fluorooxosulfate group is proved as a new birefringence-enhanced FM for the first time. The birefringence of fluorooxosulfates can be 4.8-15.5 times that of sulfates with the same metal cations while maintaining a DUV band gap. The polarizing microscope measurement confirms the birefringence enhancement by using the millimeter crystals experimentally. The theoretical studies from micro and macro levels further reveal a novel universal strategy that the fluorine induced anisotropic electronic distribution in fluorooxo-tetrahedral group is responsible for the enhancement of birefringence. This study will guide the future discovery of DUV optical materials with enlarged birefringence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Jin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special EnvironmentsXinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry of CASXinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices40‐1 South Beijing RoadUrumqi830011China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Wenyao Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special EnvironmentsXinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry of CASXinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices40‐1 South Beijing RoadUrumqi830011China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Abudukadi Tudi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special EnvironmentsXinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry of CASXinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices40‐1 South Beijing RoadUrumqi830011China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Liying Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China
| | - Xin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular PhysicsNational Center for Magnetic Resonance in WuhanWuhan Institute of Physics and MathematicsInnovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special EnvironmentsXinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry of CASXinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices40‐1 South Beijing RoadUrumqi830011China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Shilie Pan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special EnvironmentsXinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry of CASXinjiang Key Laboratory of Electronic Information Materials and Devices40‐1 South Beijing RoadUrumqi830011China
- Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics EngineeringUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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2
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You D, Zhou B, Hirai M, Gabbaï FP. Distiboranes based on ortho-phenylene backbones as bidentate Lewis acids for fluoride anion chelation. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:4949-4957. [PMID: 33988214 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob00536g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As part of our efforts in the chemistry of main group platforms that support anion sensing and transport, we are now reporting the synthesis of anitmony-based bidentate Lewis acids featuring the o-C6F4 backbone. These compounds can be easily accessed by reaction of the newly synthesized o-C6F4(SbPh2)2 (5) with o-chloranil or octafluorophenanthra-9,10-quinone, affording the corresponding distiboranes 6 and 7 of general formula o-C6F4(SbPh2(diolate))2 with diolate = tetrachlorocatecholate for 6 and octafluorophenanthrene-9,10-diolate for 7, respectively. While 6 is very poorly soluble, its octafluorophenanthrene-9,10-diolate analog 7 readily dissolves in CH2Cl2 and undergoes swift conversion into the corresponding fluoride chelate complex [7-μ2-F]- which has been isolated as a [nBu4N]+ salt. The o-C6H4 analog of 7, referred to as 8, has also been prepared. Although less Lewis acidic than 7, 8 also forms a very stable fluoride chelate complex ([8-μ2-F]-). Altogether, our experiental results, coupled with computational analyses and fluoride anion affinity calculations, show that 7 and 8 are some of the strongest antimony-based fluoride anion chelators prepared to date. Another notable aspect of this work concerns the use of the octafluorophenanthrene-9,10-diolate ligand and its ablity to impart advantageous solubility and Lewis acidity properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di You
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Benyu Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Masato Hirai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - François P Gabbaï
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
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3
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Goreshnik E, Mazej Z. Crystal structures of isotypic ASb2F11 (A = Rb+, Tl+, O2+) and β-NH4Sb2F11, and the crystal structure of the low-temperature α-NH4Sb2F11. J Fluor Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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4
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Tavčar G, Goreshnik E. One dimensional group 12 metal undecafluoridoditantalates. J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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5
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Michałowski T, Malinowski PJ, Grochala W. Synthesis, crystal structures, and selected properties of metal fluorosulfates(VI). J Fluor Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2016.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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6
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Michałowski T, Mazej Z, Budzianowski A, Jagličić Z, Leszczyński PJ, Grochala W. Unexpectedly Complex Crystalline Phases in the MSO
3
F–Ag(SO
3
F)
2
Phase Diagram (M = Na, K, Rb, Cs). Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Michałowski
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteur 1, 02‐093 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Z. Mazej
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova 39, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, http://k1.ijs.si/en/ http://www.ijs.si/ijsw/JSI
| | - A. Budzianowski
- CENT, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02‐089 Warsaw, Poland, http://ltnfm.icm.edu.pl/
| | - Z. Jagličić
- University of Ljubljana, Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering and Institute of Mathematics, Physics and Mechanics, Jadranska 19, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - P. J. Leszczyński
- CENT, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02‐089 Warsaw, Poland, http://ltnfm.icm.edu.pl/
| | - W. Grochala
- CENT, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 93, 02‐089 Warsaw, Poland, http://ltnfm.icm.edu.pl/
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7
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Hirai M, Gabbaï FP. Squeezing fluoride out of water with a neutral bidentate antimony(V) Lewis acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1205-9. [PMID: 25424599 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201410085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Because of hydration, fluoride ions in water typically elude complexation by neutral Lewis acids. Here, we show how this limitation can be overcome with a bidentate Lewis acid containing two antimony(V) centers. This derivative (2) is obtained by the simple reaction of 4,5-bis(diphenylstibino)-9,9-dimethylxanthene (1) with two equivalents of 3,4,5,6-tetrachlorobenzoquinone (o-chloranil). It features two square-pyramidal stiborane units oriented in a face-to-face fashion. Titration experiments show that this new bidentate Lewis acid binds fluoride in aqueous solutions containing 95% water with a binding constant (K) of 700±30 M(-1). The structure of the fluoride adduct confirms fluoride anion chelation between the two antimony centers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masato Hirai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 (USA) http://www.chem.tamu.edu/rgroup/gabbai/
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8
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Hirai M, Gabbaï FP. Squeezing Fluoride out of Water with a Neutral Bidentate Antimony(V) Lewis Acid. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201410085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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9
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The missing crystal structures of fluorosulfates of monovalent cations: M(I)SO3F, M=Na, Rb and Tl. J Fluor Chem 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2012.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Tavčar G, Mazej Z. Crystal structures of mixed oxonium–cadmium(II) salts with [SbF6]−/[Sb2F11]− anions: From complex chains to layers and three-dimensional frameworks. Inorganica Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2011.07.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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11
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Enomoto T, Matsumoto K, Hagiwara R. Properties of fluorosulfate-based ionic liquids and geometries of (FO2SOH)OSO2F− and (FO2SOH)2O2SOF−. Dalton Trans 2011; 40:12491-9. [DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11014d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Enomoto
- Graduate School of Energy Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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12
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Seelbinder R, Goetz N, Weber J, Minkwitz R, Kornath A. The Protonation of HSO3F: Preparation and Characterization of Fluorodihydroxyoxosulfonium Hexafluoroantimonate [H2SO3F]+[SbF6]−. Chemistry 2009; 16:1026-32. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200900764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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13
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Xu Q, Tsumori N, Jiang L, Kondo M, Arakawa R. Carbonyldinitrosyltris(fluorosulfato)tungstate(II) and -molybdate(II) anions: synthesis, spectroscopy, and density functional theory calculations. Chem Asian J 2007; 2:599-608. [PMID: 17465406 DOI: 10.1002/asia.200600430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Carbonyldinitrosyltris(fluorosulfato)tungstate(II) and -molybdate-(II) anions, [fac-M(CO)(NO)2(SO3F)3]- (M=W, Mo), which are novel weakly coordinating anions that contain a metal carbonyl/nitrosyl moiety, have been generated in fluorosulfonic acid and completely characterized by multinuclear NMR, IR, and Raman spectroscopy as well as ESI mass spectrometry. ESI MS measurements performed for the first time on a superacidic solution system unambiguously reveal the formation of the monoanionic, mononuclear W and Mo complexes formulated as [M(CO)(NO)2(SO3F)3]- (M=W, Mo). Multinuclear NMR spectroscopic studies at natural abundance and 13C and 15N enrichment clearly indicate the presence of one CO ligand, two equivalent NO ligands, and two types of nonequivalent SO3F- groups in a 2:1 ratio. The IR and Raman spectra reveal that the two equivalent NO ligands have a cis conformation, thus indicating a fac structure. Density functional calculations at the B3LYP level of theory predict that these anions have a singlet ground state (1A) with a Cs symmetry along with C-O and N-O vibrational frequencies that are in agreement with the experimental observations. Mulliken population analysis shows that the monovalent negative charge is dispersed on the bulky sphere, the surface of which is covered by all the negatively charged O and F atoms with charge densities much lower than SO3F-, suggesting that [fac-M(CO)(NO)2(SO3F)3]- (M=W, Mo) are weakly nucleophilic and poorly coordinating anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Xu
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Ikeda, Osaka, Japan.
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14
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Benkič P, Brooke Jenkins HD, Ponikvar M, Mazej Z. Synthesis and Characterisation of Alkali Metal and Thallium Polyfluoroantimonates, ASb
n
F
5
n
+1
(
n
= 2, 3). Eur J Inorg Chem 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200500856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Primož Benkič
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jamova 39, SI‐1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Fax: +386‐1‐477‐3155
| | - H. Donald Brooke Jenkins
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, West Midlands, United Kingdom, Fax: +44‐2476‐466747
| | - Maja Ponikvar
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jamova 39, SI‐1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Fax: +386‐1‐477‐3155
| | - Zoran Mazej
- Jožef Stefan Institute, Department of Inorganic Chemistry and Technology, Jamova 39, SI‐1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia, Fax: +386‐1‐477‐3155
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15
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Bernhardt E, Bach C, Bley B, Wartchow R, Westphal U, Sham IHT, von Ahsen B, Wang C, Willner H, Thompson RC, Aubke F. Homoleptic, sigma-bonded octahedral [M(CO)(6)](2+) cations of iron(II), ruthenium(II), and osmium(II). Part 1: Syntheses, thermochemical and vibrational characterizations, and molecular structures as [Sb(2)F(11)](-) and [SbF(6)](-) salts. A comprehensive, comparative study. Inorg Chem 2005; 44:4189-205. [PMID: 15934748 DOI: 10.1021/ic040115u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Homoleptic octahedral, superelectrophilic sigma-bonded metal carbonyl cations of the type [M(CO)(6)](2+) (M = Ru, Os) are generated in the Bronsted-Lewis conjugate superacid HF/SbF(5) by reductive carbonylation of M(SO(3)F)(3) (M = Ru, Os) or OsF(6). Thermally stable salts form with either [Sb(2)F(11)](-) or [SbF(6)](-) as anion, just as for the previously reported [Fe(CO)(6)](2+) cation. The latter salts are generated by oxidative (XeF(2)) carbonylation of Fe(CO)(5) in HF/SbF(5). A rationale for the two diverging synthetic approaches is provided. The thermal stabilities of [M(CO)(6)][SbF(6)](2) salts, studied by DSC, range from 180 degrees C for M = Fe to 350 degrees C for M = Os before decarbonylation occurs. The two triads [M(CO)(6)][SbF(6)](2) and [M(CO)(6)][Sb(2)F(11)](2) (M = Fe, Ru, Os) are extensively characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and vibrational and (13)C NMR spectroscopy, aided by computational studies of the cations. The three [M(CO)(6)][SbF(6)](2) salts (M = Fe, Ru, Os) crystallize in the tetragonal space group P4/mnc (No. 128), whereas the corresponding [Sb(2)F(11)](-) salts are monoclinic, crystallizing in space group P2(1)/n (No. 14). In both triads, the unit cell parameters are nearly invariant of the metal. Bond parameters for the anions [SbF(6)](-) and [Sb(2)F(11)](-) and their vibrational properties in the two triads are completely identical. In all six salts, the structural and vibrational properties of the [M(CO)(6)](2+) cations (M = Fe, Ru, Os) are independent of the counteranion and for the most part independent of M and nearly identical. Interionic C...F contacts are similarly weak in all six salts. Metal dependency is noted only in the (13)C NMR spectra, in the skeletal M-C vibrations, and to a much smaller extent in some of the C-O stretching fundamentals (A(1g) and T(1u)). The findings reported here are unprecedented among metal carbonyl cations and their salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Bernhardt
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
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16
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Mazej Z, Benkič P. Copper(I) hexafluoroantimonate – an example of a compound with CuI in a solely fluorine environment. J Fluor Chem 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2005.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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17
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Recent achievements in the synthesis and characterization of metal hexafluorantimonates and hexafluoroaurates. J Fluor Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2004.09.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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18
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Willner H, Aubke F. σ-Bonded Metal Carbonyl Cations and Their Derivatives: Syntheses and Structural, Spectroscopic, and Bonding Principles. Organometallics 2003. [DOI: 10.1021/om030312l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helge Willner
- FB 9, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gausstrasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Friedhelm Aubke
- FB 9, Anorganische Chemie, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gausstrasse 20, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z1, Canada
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19
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von Ahsen B, Bach C, Berkei M, Köckerling M, Willner H, Hägele G, Aubke F. Cationic carbonyl complexes of rhodium(I) and rhodium(III): syntheses, vibrational spectra, NMR studies, and molecular structures of tetrakis(carbonyl)rhodium(I) heptachlorodialuminate and -gallate, [Rh(CO)4][Al2Cl7] and [Rh(CO)4][Ga2Cl7]. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:3801-14. [PMID: 12793817 DOI: 10.1021/ic0206903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dimeric rhodium(I) bis(carbonyl) chloride, [Rh(CO)(2)(mu-Cl)](2), is found to be a useful and convenient starting material for the syntheses of new cationic carbonyl complexes of both rhodium(I) and rhodium(III). Its reaction with the Lewis acids AlCl(3) or GaCl(3) produces in a CO atmosphere at room temperature the salts [Rh(CO)(4)][M(2)Cl(7)] (M = Al, Ga), which are characterized by Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal data for [Rh(CO)(4)][Al(2)Cl(7)]: triclinic, space group Ponemacr; (No. 2); a = 9.705(3), b = 9.800(2), c = 10.268(2) A; alpha = 76.52(2), beta = 76.05(2), gamma = 66.15(2) degrees; V = 856.7(5) A(3); Z = 2; T = 293 K; R(1) [I > 2sigma(I)] = 0.0524, wR(2) = 0.1586. Crystal data for [Rh(CO)(4)][Ga(2)Cl(7)]: triclinic, space group Ponemacr; (No. 2); a = 9.649(1), b = 9.624(1), c = 10.133(1) A; alpha = 77.38(1), beta = 76.13(1), gamma = 65.61(1) degrees; V = 824.4(2) A(3); Z = 2; T = 143 K; R(1) [I > 2sigma(I)] = 0.0358, wR(2) = 0.0792. Structural parameters for the square planar cation [Rh(CO)(4)](+) are compared to those of isoelectronic [Pd(CO)(4)](2+) and of [Pt(CO)(4)](2+). Dissolution of [Rh(CO)(2)Cl](2) in HSO(3)F in a CO atmosphere allows formation of [Rh(CO)(4)](+)((solv)). Oxidation of [Rh(CO)(2)Cl](2) by S(2)O(6)F(2) in HSO(3)F results in the formation of ClOSO(2)F and two seemingly oligomeric Rh(III) carbonyl fluorosulfato intermediates, which are easily reduced by CO addition to [Rh(CO)(4)](+)((solv)). Controlled oxidation of this solution with S(2)O(6)F(2) produces fac-Rh(CO)(3)(SO(3)F)(3) in about 95% yield. This Rh(III) complex can be reduced by CO at 25 degrees C in anhydrous HF to give [Rh(CO)(4)](+)((solv)); addition of SbF(5) at -40 degrees C to the resulting solution allows isolation of [Rh(CO)(4)][Sb(2)F(11)], which is found to have a highly symmetrical (D(4)(h)()) [Sb(2)F(11)](-) anion. Oxidation of [Rh(CO)(2)Cl](2) in anhydrous HF by F(2), followed in a second step by carbonylation in the presence of SbF(5), is found to be a simple, straightforward route to pure [Rh(CO)(5)Cl][Sb(2)F(11)](2), which has previously been structurally characterized by us. All new complexes are characterized by vibrational and NMR spectroscopy. Assignment of the vibrational spectra and interpretation of the structural data are supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta von Ahsen
- Fakultät 4, Anorganische Chemie, Gerhard Mercator Universität Duisburg, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany
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20
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Kühn-Velten J, Bodenbinder M, Bröchler R, Hägele G, Aubke F. A 19F nuclear magnetic resonance study of the conjugate BrønstedLewis superacid HSO3FSbF5. Part II. CAN J CHEM 2002. [DOI: 10.1139/v02-139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Solutions of SbF5 in HSO3F with xSbF5 = 0.012 to 0.405 are studied by 500 MHz 1H NMR (299 K) and 471 MHz 19F NMR (213250 K), using NMR tubes fitted with fluoropolymer lining. The initial process during dissolution is the fast solvolysis of monomeric SbF5 in HSO3F according to SbF5 + nHSO3F [Formula: see text] SbF5 n(SO3F)n + nHF (n = 1, 2). All HF formed during solvolysis will no longer be removed by reaction with glass, but will remain in the superacid system. Besides participation in the fast formation of various fluoro-fluorosulfato anions [SbF6 n(SO3F)n] (n = 0, 1, 2) and acidium ions [H2X]+(solv.) (X= F, SO3F), HF is involved in slow-exchange reactions of the type [SbF6 n(SO3F)n](solv.) + HF [Formula: see text] [SbF7 n(SO3F)n 1](solv.) + HSO3F (n = 1, 2) detected because of a delay of 3 months between sample preparation and measurements and confirmed by repeating theses measurements after a further 3 months. There are three notable differences to our earlier study, affecting concentrations of the fluoro-fluorosulfato antimonate anions observed: (i) in dilute solutions [SbF6] is formed in high concentrations (34.776.1%), with [Sb2F11] now clearly detected at intermediate to high SbF5 concentrations (up to 5.8%); (ii) bis-fluorosulfato anions (cis-, trans-[SbF4(SO3F)2]) are found in much lower concentrations only, which decrease further with time, while tris-fluorosulfato anions ([SbF3(SO3F)3]) are now no longer observed; (iii) these reduced concentrations of poly-fluorosulfato anions in dilute solutions are responsible for the formation of fewer µ-SO3F-oligomers at lower concentrations, when more SbF5 is added. As a consequence, the HSO3FSbF5 magic acid system is now less complex than found previously and only seven anionic species are clearly observed. Key words: superacids, antimony(V) fluoroanions, 1H NMR, 19F NMR, solvolysis.
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21
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McLain SE, Benmore CJ, Turner JFC. The structure of liquid fluorosulfuric acid investigated by neutron diffraction. J Chem Phys 2002. [DOI: 10.1063/1.1495395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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22
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Cunin F, Deudon C, Favier F, Mula B, Pascal JL. First anhydrous gold perchlorato complex: ClO(2)Au(ClO(4))(4). Synthesis and molecular and crystal structure analysis. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:4173-8. [PMID: 12160405 DOI: 10.1021/ic020161z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chlorine trioxide, Cl(2)O(6), reacts with Au metal, AuCl(3), or HAuCl(4).nH(2)O to yield the well-defined chloryl salt, ClO(2)Au(ClO(4))(4). The crystal and molecular structure of ClO(2)Au(ClO(4))(4) was solved by a Rietveld analysis of powder X-ray diffraction data. The salt crystallizes in a monoclinic cell, space group C2/c, with cell parameters a = 15.074(5), b = 5.2944(2), and c = 22.2020(2) A and beta = 128.325(2) degrees. The structure displays discrete ClO(2)(+) ions lying in channels formed by Au(ClO(4))(4)(-) stacks. Au is located in a distorted square planar environment: Au-O = 1.87 and 2.06 A. [ClO(4)] groups are monodentate with ClO(b) = 1.53 and ClO(t) = 1.39 A (mean distances; O(b), oxygen bonded to Au; O(t), free terminal oxygen). A full vibrational study of the Au(ClO(4))(4)(-) anion is supported by DFT calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédérique Cunin
- LAMMI, UMR CNRS 5072, Case Courrier 15, Université de Montpellier 2, F-34095 Montpellier Cedex 5, France
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von Ahsen B, Berkei M, Henkel G, Willner H, Aubke F. The synthesis, vibrational spectra, and molecular structure of [Ir(CO)(6)][SbF(6)](3).4HF - the first structurally characterized salt with a tripositive, homoleptic metal carbonyl cation and the first example of a tetrahedral hydrogen-bonded (HF)(4) cluster. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:8371-9. [PMID: 12105918 DOI: 10.1021/ja011639l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The reductive carbonylation of IrF(6) in a dilute solution of SbF(5) in anhydrous HF (1:6 by volume) produces surprisingly at 25 degrees C and 1.5 atm CO the complex salt [Ir(CO)(6)][SbF(6)](3).4HF, while [Ir(CO)(6)][Sb(2)F(11)](3) is obtained in liquid SbF(5) under similar conditions. Vibrational spectra in the CO stretching range for both salts and [Ir(CO)(6)](3+)((solv)) are identical within error limits, and nu(CO)(av) is with 2269 cm(-1) the highest average stretching frequency so far observed for octahedral metal carbonyl cations. A vibrational assignment supported by DFT calculations is presented, and the vibrational fundamentals are compared to those of [Os(CO)(6)](2+). The molecular structure of [Ir(CO)(6)][SbF(6)](3).4HF is determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Crystal data for [Ir(CO)(6)][SbF(6)](3).4HF: rhombohedral, R3c (No. 161), a = 14.630(4) A, c = 18.377(7) A, V = 3406.4(18) A(3), Z = 6, T = 150 K, R(1) = 0.0338 [I > 2sigma (I)], wR(2) = 0.0797). The average Ir-C bond length in the octahedral [Ir(CO)(6)](3+) cation is with 2.029(10) the longest observed for iridium carbonyl derivatives, consistent with the absence of Ir --> CO pi-back-bonding. The four solvate HF molecules form a tetrahedron via long, asymmetric, and partly delocalized hydrogen bonds with F-F edge lengths of 2.857 (3x) and 2.914 (3x) A. There is no precedent for a polyhedral (HF)(n) cluster in the gas, liquid, or solid phase. The four F atoms of the (HF)(4) cluster are coordinated to the C atoms of the six CO ligands of the cation, which again is without precedent. The coordination of one of the F atoms to three C atoms in a iso-tridentate mode with contact distances C-F(8) of 2.641(10) A is most unusual. The observed tight C-F coordination in [Ir(CO)(6)][SbF(6)](3).4HF provides conclusive evidence for the presence of electrophilic carbon in the cation and illustrates how superelectrophilic cations such as [Ir(CO)(6)](3+) are solvent stabilized in the conjugate Brønsted-Lewis superacid HF-SbF(5).
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Affiliation(s)
- Britta von Ahsen
- Fakultät 4, Anorganische Chemie, Gerhard-Mercator-Universität Duisburg, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany
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Willner H, Bodenbinder M, Bröchler R, Hwang G, Rettig SJ, Trotter J, von Ahsen B, Westphal U, Jonas V, Thiel W, Aubke F. Superelectrophilic tetrakis(carbonyl)palladium(II)- and -platinum(II) undecafluorodiantimonate(V), [Pd(CO)4][Sb(2)F(11)]2 and [Pt(CO)4][Sb(2)F(11)]2: syntheses, physical and spectroscopic properties, their crystal, molecular, and extended structures, and density functional calculations: an experimental, computational, and comparative study . J Am Chem Soc 2001; 123:588-602. [PMID: 11456571 DOI: 10.1021/ja002360s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The salts [M(CO)(4)][Sb(2)F(11)](2), M = Pd, Pt, are prepared by reductive carbonylation of Pd[Pd(SO(3)F)(6)], Pt(SO(3)F)(4) or PtF(6) in liquid SbF(5), or HF-SbF(5). The resulting moisture-sensitive, colorless solids are thermally stable up to 140 degrees C (M = Pd) or 200 degrees C (M = Pt). Their thermal decompositions are studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Single crystals of both salts are suitable for an X-ray diffraction study at 180 K. Both isostructural salts crystallize in the monoclinic space group P2(1)/c (No. 14). The unit cell volume of [Pt(CO)(4)][Sb(2)F(11)](2) is smaller than that of [Pd(CO)(4)][Sb(2)F(11)](2) by about 0.4%. The cations [M(CO)(4)](2+), M = Pd, Pt, are square planar with only very slight angular and out-of-plane deviations from D(4)(h)() symmetry. The interatomic distances and bond angles for both cations are essentially identical. The [Sb(2)F(11)](-) anions in [M(CO)(4)][Sb(2)F(11)](2,) M = Pd, Pt, are not symmetry-related, and both pairs differ in their Sb-F-Sb bridge angles and their dihedral angles. There are in each salt four to five secondary interionic C- -F contacts per CO group. Of these, two contacts per CO group are significantly shorter than the sum of the van der Waals radii by 0.58 - 0.37 A. In addition, structural, and spectroscopic details of recently synthesized [Rh(CO)(4)][Al(2)Cl(7)] are reported. The cations [Rh(CO)(4)](+) and [M(CO)(4)](2+), M = Pd, Pt, are characterized by IR and Raman spectroscopy. Of the 16 vibrational modes (13 observable, 3 inactive) 10 (Pd, Pt) or 9 (Rh), respectively, are found experimentally. The vibrational assignments are supported by DFT calculations, which provide in addition to band positions also intensities of IR bands and Raman signals as well as internal force constants for the cations. (13)C NMR measurements complete the characterization of the square planar metal carbonyl cations. The extensive characterization of [M(CO)(4)][Sb(2)F(11)](2), M = Pd, Pt, reported here, allows a comparison to linear and octahedral [M(CO)(n)()][Sb(2)F(11)](2) salts [M = Hg (n = 2); Fe, Ru, Os (n = 6)] and their derivatives, which permit a deeper understanding of M-CO bonding in the solid state for superelectrophilic cations with [Sb(2)F(11)](-) or [SbF(6)](-) as anions.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Willner
- Contribution from the Fachbereich 6, Anorganische Chemie, Gerhard-Mercator-Universität GH Duisburg, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany.
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von Ahsen B, Wartchow R, Willner H, Jonas V, Aubke F. Bis(carbonyl)platinum(II) Derivatives: Molecular Structure of cis-Pt(CO)2(SO3F)2, Complete Vibrational Analysis of cis-Pt(CO)2Cl2, and Attempted Synthesis of cis-Pt(CO)2F2. Inorg Chem 2000. [DOI: 10.1021/ic000280j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Britta von Ahsen
- Fachbereich 6, Anorganische Chemie, Gerhard Mercator Universität-GH-Duisburg, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, San Diego Super Computer Centre, MC 0505, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, California 92093-0505, and Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Rudolf Wartchow
- Fachbereich 6, Anorganische Chemie, Gerhard Mercator Universität-GH-Duisburg, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, San Diego Super Computer Centre, MC 0505, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, California 92093-0505, and Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Helge Willner
- Fachbereich 6, Anorganische Chemie, Gerhard Mercator Universität-GH-Duisburg, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, San Diego Super Computer Centre, MC 0505, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, California 92093-0505, and Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Volker Jonas
- Fachbereich 6, Anorganische Chemie, Gerhard Mercator Universität-GH-Duisburg, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, San Diego Super Computer Centre, MC 0505, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, California 92093-0505, and Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
| | - Friedhelm Aubke
- Fachbereich 6, Anorganische Chemie, Gerhard Mercator Universität-GH-Duisburg, Lotharstrasse 1, D-47048 Duisburg, Germany, Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität Hannover, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, San Diego Super Computer Centre, MC 0505, 9500 Gilman Drive, San Diego, California 92093-0505, and Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T1Z1, Canada
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Bröchler R, Sham IH, Bodenbinder M, Schmitz V, Rettig SJ, Trotter J, Willner H, Aubke F. The synthesis and the molecular structure of hexakis(carbonyl)hexafluoroantimonato(V)tungsten(II) undecafluorodiantimonate(V), [W(CO)6(FSbF5)][Sb2F11]. Inorg Chem 2000; 39:2172-7. [PMID: 12526531 DOI: 10.1021/ic991331j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of tungsten hexacarbonyl, W(CO)6, with antimony(V) fluoride, SbF5, in the conjugate Brønsted-Lewis superacid HF-SbF5 at 40 degrees C produces quantitatively the salt [W(CO)6(FSbF5)][Sb2F11] as the main product. The observed 2e- oxidation without any loss of CO is unprecedented. The cation [W(CO)6(FSbF5)]+ is seven coordinated with a distorted C2v capped trigonal prismatic structure. [W(CO)6(FSbF5)][Sb2F11] crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P21 (No. 4). a = 8.2051(12) A, b = 16.511(3) A, c = 8.1432(2) A, beta = 111.5967(6) degrees, V = 1025.8(2) A3, Z = 2. Number of reflections measured = 9112, unique 4410. Residuals on F, I > 3 sigma (I): R (Rw) = 0.023 (0.023). In the [W(CO)6(FSbF5)]+ cation the FSbF5 group is very tightly coordinated to tungsten with the bridging fluorine nearly equidistant from W and Sb. The details of the molecular structure are compared to those to polymeric [[Mo(CO)4]2(cis-mu-F2SbF4)3]x[Sb2F11]x reported by us very recently.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bröchler
- Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1 Canada
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Willner H, Bach C, Wartchow R, Wang C, Rettig SJ, Trotter J, Jonas V, Thiel W, Aubke F. Syntheses, molecular structures, and vibrational spectra of chloropentacarbonylrhodium(III) and -iridium(III) undecafluorodiantimonate(V), [Rh(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2 and [Ir(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2: an experimental and density functional study. Inorg Chem 2000; 39:1933-42. [PMID: 11428113 DOI: 10.1021/ic9911926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The reactions of either bis(mu-chloro)tetracarbonyldirhodium(I), [Rh(CO)2(mu-Cl)]2, or chlorotricarbonyliridium(I), [Ir(CO)3Cl]n, in the conjugate Brønsted-Lewis superacid HF-SbF5 and in a CO atmosphere, produce [Rh(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2 or [Ir(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2, respectively. In these oxidative carbonylation reactions, antimony(V) fluoride functions as an oxidizing agent. The reduced product is identified as 6SbF3.5SbF5. [Rh(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2 is obtained in the form of single crystals. Crystal data: monoclinic, space group P2(1) (No. 4); a = 9.721(1), b = 12.602(1), c = 10.538(1) A; beta = 106.51(1) degrees; V = 1237.7(2) A3; Z = 2; T = 300 K; R1 [I > 3 sigma (I)] = 0.0367, wR2 = 0.0739. Single crystals of [Ir(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2 are produced in small amounts from a solution of mer-Ir(CO)3(SO3F)3 in magic acid, HSO3F-SbF5. The possible source of chlorine will be discussed. Crystal data for [Ir-(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2: monoclinic, space group P2(1) (No. 4); a = 9.686(2), b = 12.585(2), c = 10.499(2) A; beta = 106.59(2) degrees; V = 1226.5(4) A3; Z = 2; T = 294 K; R1[I > 3 sigma (I)] = 0.032, Rw = 0.031. The bond lengths and bond angles are nearly identical in the two isostructural salts; however, the cell volume of [Ir(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2 is slightly smaller than that of [Rh(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2. The cations (point group C4v) feature unusually long M-C bonds (M = Rh, Ir) and correspondingly short CO bonds, as well as high CO stretching wavenumbers and high CO stretching force constants. The [Sb2F11]- anions are not symmetry related, and their dihedral and bridge angles differ slightly in both salts. There are significant interionic contacts in [Ir(CO)5Cl][Sb2F11]2 exclusively of the C-F type (about 2 for each C atom of the five carbonyl groups) resulting in extended structures. The vibrational spectra for both [M(CO)5Cl]2+ cations (M = Rh, Ir) are assigned with the help of density functional calculations, which also provide intensities for IR and Raman bands. While [Rh(CO)5Cl]2+ is the first cationic carbonyl derivative of Rh(III), the vibrational and structural parameters for [Ir(CO)5Cl]2+ are compared to data for [Ir(CO)6]3+ and mer-Ir(CO)3(SO3F)3.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Willner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
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Zhang D, Heubes M, Hägele G, Aubke F. A 19F nuclear magnetic resonance study of the conjugate Brönsted-Lewis superacid HSO3F-SbF5. Part 1. CAN J CHEM 1999. [DOI: 10.1139/v99-182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The Brönsted-Lewis superacid HSO3F-SbF5 or "magic acid" is re-investigated by modern 19F NMR methods over a wide concentration range. The system is found to be considerably more complex than had been assumed previously. A total of 13 different anions are identified of which only five have previously been identified in magic acid. With increasing SbF5 contents the concentration of monomeric anions like [SbF6]-, [SbF5(SO3F)]-, cis- and trans-[SbF4(SO3F)2]-, and mer-[SbF3(SO3F)3]- gradually decreases. Except for [Sb2F11]-, which is present in very small concentrations only, the formation of oligomers involves exclusively μ-fluorosulfato bridges. In addition to donor (SO3F)- and acceptor (SbF5) complex formation to give [SbF5(SO3F)]- and possibly ligand redistribution, the solvolysis of SbF5 or SbF4(SO3F) in HSO3F appears to be the principal formation reaction for polyfluorosulfatofluoroantimonate(V) anions. In glass (NMR tubes) the solvolysis product HF is converted to the oxonium ion [H3O]+, which has previously been identified by 1H NMR and structurally characterized as [H3O][Sb2F11] by us.Key words: magic acid, conjugate superacid, fluorosulfuric acid, 19F NMR spectra.
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Bröchler R, Freidank D, Bodenbinder M, Sham IHT, Willner H, Rettig SJ, Trotter J, Aubke F. Synthesis and Structure of [{Mo(CO)(4)}(2)(cis-&mgr;-F(2)SbF(4))(3)](x)()[Sb(2)F(11)](x)(): An Ionic Coordination Polymer. Inorg Chem 1999; 38:3684-3687. [PMID: 11671126 DOI: 10.1021/ic981439j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The oxidation of molybdenum hexacarbonyl, Mo(CO)(6), by antimony(V) fluoride, SbF(5), at 60 degrees C in an excess of liquid SbF(5), produces polymeric [{Mo(CO)(4)}(2)(cis-&mgr;-F(2)SbF(4))(3)](x)()[Sb(2)F(11)](x)() as the main product. Recrystallization from HF-SbF(5) produces orange prismatic crystals, suitable for a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study. Crystals of [{Mo(CO)(4)}(2)(cis-&mgr;-F(2)SbF(4))(3)](x)()[Sb(2)F(11)](x)() are monoclinic, space group P2(1)/c (No. 14), a = 9.234(4) Å, b = 13.858(3) Å, c = 25.790(3) Å, beta = 90.532(2) degrees, V = 3300.1(12) Å(3), and Z = 4. The structure was solved by the Patterson method and refined with anisotropic thermal parameters to R = 0.048 and R(w)() = 0.047 (on F, 472 variables, 5116 observations with I >/= 3sigma(I)). In the polymeric cation, two pyramidal Mo(CO)(4) groups are linked by bridging, iso-bidentate F(2)SbF(4) groups first into eight-membered rings, which are then further linked into polymeric chains. The bridging F(2)SbF(4) groups and the [Sb(2)F(11)](-) anion are involved in significant intermolecular and interionic F.C contacts to the C atoms of the Mo(CO)(4) groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raimund Bröchler
- Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6T 1Z1, Canada, and Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany
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Bernhardt E, Bley B, Wartchow R, Willner H, Bill E, Kuhn P, Sham IHT, Bodenbinder M, Bröchler R, Aubke F. Hexakis(carbonyl)iron(II) Undecafluorodiantimonate(V), [Fe(CO)6][Sb2F11]2, and -Hexafluoroantimonate(V), [Fe(CO)6][SbF6]2, Their Syntheses, and Spectroscopic and Structural Characterization by Single Crystal X-ray Diffraction and Normal Coordinate Analysis. J Am Chem Soc 1999. [DOI: 10.1021/ja990958y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Bernhardt
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Bianca Bley
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Rudolf Wartchow
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Helge Willner
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Eckhard Bill
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Peter Kuhn
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Iona H. T. Sham
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Matthias Bodenbinder
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Raimund Bröchler
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Friedhelm Aubke
- Contribution from the Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstr. 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, Max Planck Institut für Strahlenchemie, Stiftstrasse 34−36, D-45470 Mülheim, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, B. C., V6T 1Z1, Canada
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Conjugate Brönsted–Lewis superacids in fluorosulfuric acid—Hammett acidity function and electrical conductivity studies of Ta(V), Nb(V) and Sb(V) Lewis acids. J Fluor Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0022-1139(98)00097-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Willner H, Aubke F. Homoleptische Carbonylkomplex-Kationen der elektronenreichen Metalle: Bildung in supersauren Medien sowie spektroskopische und strukturelle Charakterisierung. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 1997. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.19971092204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Abstract
The formyl cation, HCO+, has long been believed to be an important intermediate in the chemistry of carbon monoxide (CO) in acidic environments, but its spectroscopic observation in solution has been elusive. This species was generated by the reaction of CO with the liquid superacid hydrofluoric acid-antimony pentafluoride (HF-SbF5) under pressure and was observed by nuclear magnetic resonance and infrared spectroscopy. Equilibria between CO in the gas phase, CO dissolved in HF-SbF5, the SbF5 adduct of formyl fluoride, and HCO+ associated with several equilibrating anions of the type [SbxF5x+1]- are proposed to describe the system.
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Bley B, Willner H, Aubke F. Synthesis and Spectroscopic Characterization of Hexakis(carbonyl)iron(II) Undecafluorodiantimonate(V), [Fe(CO)6][Sb2F11]2. Inorg Chem 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9608105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca Bley
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver B. C. Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Helge Willner
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver B. C. Canada V6T 1Z1
| | - Friedhelm Aubke
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie der Universität, Callinstrasse 9, D-30167 Hannover, Germany, and Department of Chemistry, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver B. C. Canada V6T 1Z1
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