1
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Steinke SJ, Dunbar MN, Amalfi Suarez MA, Turro C. Ru(II) Complexes with Absorption in the Photodynamic Therapy Window: 1O 2 Sensitization, DNA Binding, and Plasmid DNA Photocleavage. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11450-11458. [PMID: 38823006 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
Two Ru(II) complexes, [Ru(pydppn)(bim)(py)]2+ [2; pydppn = 3-(pyrid-2'-yl)-4,5,9,16-tetraaza-dibenzo[a,c]naphthacene; bim = 2,2'-bisimidazole; py = pyridine] and [Ru(pydppn)(Me4bim)(py)]2+ [3; Me4bim = 2,2'-bis(4,5-dimethylimidazole)], were synthesized and characterized, and their photophysical properties, DNA binding, and photocleavage were evaluated and compared to [Ru(pydppn)(bpy)(py)]2+ (1; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine). Complexes 2 and 3 exhibit broad 1MLCT (metal-to-ligand charge transfer) transitions with maxima at ∼470 nm and shoulders at ∼525 and ∼600 nm that extend to ∼800 nm. These bands are red-shifted relative to those of 1, attributed to the π-donating ability of the bim and Me4bim ligands. A strong signal at 550 nm is observed in the transient absorption spectra of 1-3, previously assigned as arising from a pydppn-centered 3ππ* state, with lifetimes of ∼19 μs for 1 and 2 and ∼270 ns for 3. A number of methods were used to characterize the mode of binding of 1-3 to DNA, including absorption titrations, thermal denaturation, relative viscosity changes, and circular dichroism, all of which point to the intercalation of the pydpppn ligand between the nucleobases. The photocleavage of plasmid pUC19 DNA was observed upon the irradiation of 1-3 with visible and red light, attributed to the sensitized generation of 1O2 by the complexes. These findings indicate that the bim ligand, together with pydppn, serves to shift the absorption of Ru(II) complexes to the photodynamic therapy window, 600-900 nm, and also extend the excited state lifetimes for the efficient production of cytotoxic singlet oxygen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean J Steinke
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Marilyn N Dunbar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - M Agustina Amalfi Suarez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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2
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Lanquist AP, Gupta S, Al-Afyouni KF, Al-Afyouni M, Kodanko JJ, Turro C. Trifluoromethyl substitution enhances photoinduced activity against breast cancer cells but reduces ligand exchange in Ru(ii) complex. Chem Sci 2021; 12:12056-12067. [PMID: 34667571 PMCID: PMC8457392 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03213e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of five ruthenium complexes containing triphenyl phosphine groups known to enhance both cellular penetration and photoinduced ligand exchange, cis-[Ru(bpy)2(P(p-R-Ph)3)(CH3CN)]2+, where bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine and P(p-R-Ph)3 represent para-substituted triphenylphosphine ligands with R = -OCH3 (1), -CH3 (2) -H (3), -F (4), and -CF3 (5), were synthesized and characterized. The photolysis of 1-5 in water with visible light (λ irr ≥ 395 nm) results in the substitution of the coordinated acetonitrile with a solvent molecule, generating the corresponding aqua complex as the single photoproduct. A 3-fold variation in quantum yield was measured with 400 nm irradiation, Φ 400, where 1 is the most efficient with a Φ 400 = 0.076(2), and 5 the least photoactive complex, with Φ 400 = 0.026(2). This trend is unexpected based on the red-shifted metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) absorption of 1 as compared to that of 5, but can be correlated to the substituent Hammett para parameters and pK a values of the ancillary phosphine ligands. Complexes 1-5 are not toxic towards the triple negative breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 in the dark, but 3 and 5 are >4.2 and >19-fold more cytotoxic upon irradiation with blue light, respectively. A number of experiments point to apoptosis, and not to necrosis or necroptosis, as the mechanism of cell death by 5 upon irradiation. These findings provide a foundation for understanding the role of phosphine ligands on photoinduced ligand substitution and show the enhancement afforded by -CF3 groups on photochemotherapy, which will aid the future design of photocages for photochemotherapeutic drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin P Lanquist
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Sayak Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University Detroit MI 48208 USA
| | - Kathlyn F Al-Afyouni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Malik Al-Afyouni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
| | - Jeremy J Kodanko
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University Detroit MI 48208 USA
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University Columbus OH 43210 USA
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3
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Mukherjee A, Bhattacharya S. Dual utility of a single diphosphine-ruthenium complex: a precursor for new complexes and, a pre-catalyst for transfer-hydrogenation and Oppenauer oxidation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:15617-15631. [PMID: 35481203 PMCID: PMC9029466 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01594j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The diphosphine-ruthenium complex, [Ru(dppbz)(CO)2Cl2] (dppbz = 1,2-bis(diphenylphosphino)benzene), where the two carbonyls are mutually cis and the two chlorides are trans, has been found to serve as an efficient precursor for the synthesis of new complexes. In [Ru(dppbz)(CO)2Cl2] one of the two carbonyls undergoes facile displacement by neutral monodentate ligands (L) to afford complexes of the type [Ru(dppbz)(CO)(L)Cl2] (L = acetonitrile, 4-picoline and dimethyl sulfoxide). Both the carbonyls in [Ru(dppbz)(CO)2Cl2] are displaced on reaction with another equivalent of dppbz to afford [Ru(dppbz)2Cl2]. The two carbonyls and the two chlorides in [Ru(dppbz)(CO)2Cl2] could be displaced together by chelating mono-anionic bidentate ligands, viz. anions derived from 8-hydroxyquinoline (Hq) and 2-picolinic acid (Hpic) via loss of a proton, to afford the mixed-tris complexes [Ru(dppbz)(q)2] and [Ru(dppbz)(pic)2], respectively. The molecular structures of four selected complexes, viz. [Ru(dppbz)(CO)(dmso)Cl2], [Ru(dppbz)2Cl2], [Ru(dppbz)(q)2] and [Ru(dppbz)(pic)2], have been determined by X-ray crystallography. In dichloromethane solution, all the complexes show intense absorptions in the visible and ultraviolet regions. Cyclic voltammetry on the complexes shows redox responses within 0.71 to -1.24 V vs. SCE. [Ru(dppbz)(CO)2Cl2] has been found to serve as an excellent pre-catalyst for catalytic transfer-hydrogenation and Oppenauer oxidation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aparajita Mukherjee
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University Kolkata-700 032 India +91-33-24146223
| | - Samaresh Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry Section, Jadavpur University Kolkata-700 032 India +91-33-24146223
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4
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Sales DK, Simplício LM, da Silva CD, Enju CM, Silva VB, Paulo TDF, Santos IP, Quadros HC, Meira CS, Soares MB, Lopes LGDF, de Sousa EH, de Sá DS. A bis-indazolic ruthenium(II) complex: Reactivity and biological studies on cancer cells. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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5
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Domingo-Legarda P, Casado-Sánchez A, Marzo L, Alemán J, Cabrera S. Photocatalytic Water-Soluble Cationic Platinum(II) Complexes Bearing Quinolinate and Phosphine Ligands. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:13845-13857. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leyre Marzo
- Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Alemán
- Organic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Silvia Cabrera
- Inorganic Chemistry Department, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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6
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Malladi S, Yarasi S, Sastry GN. Exploring the potential of iron to replace ruthenium in photosensitizers: a computational study. J Mol Model 2018; 24:341. [PMID: 30460519 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3870-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In an effort to replace the widely used ruthenium metal complexes with low-cost, earth abundant iron complexes as photosensitizers for dye-sensitized solar cell (DSSC) applications, herein we report the computational design of heteroleptic iron complexes (FC1-3) coordinated with benzimidazole-phenylcarbene (C^N) ligands. DFT and TDDFT calculations predicted the stronger σ-donating and π-accepting nature of phenyl carbene ligands substituted with electron-withdrawing CF3, donating -N(CH3)2, and benzothiazine annulation than the imidazole carbene ligands (FC4); consequently, the metal-ligand bond distances and interactions that influence the ordering of charge transfer states with respect to metal centered states are altered in FC1-3 complexes. Detailed analysis based on energy decomposition analysis, spin density distribution analysis, and ab initio ligand field theory parameters were enabled to understand the nature of heteroleptic ligand interactions with the rest of the metal complex. The results from the study shed light on the judicious choice of ligands, as the same non-innocent ligand that is experimentally proven as favorable for Ru-dyes (TC1) is found to be detrimental for Fe-dyes (FC1). Among the complexes studied, the FC3 complex is a promising sensitizer for DSSC with 1,3MLCT energy level well separated from 3,5MC, thereby preventing the deactivation of MLCT. The outcome of the study is therefore an important step toward the development of photosensitizers based on iron metal. Graphical abstract Potential photosensitzers based on earth-abundant, low cost iron metal have been designed for dye sensitized solar cell applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Srikanth Malladi
- Center for Molecular Modeling, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India
| | - Soujanya Yarasi
- Center for Molecular Modeling, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India. .,AcSIR - Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
| | - G Narahari Sastry
- Center for Molecular Modeling, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500007, India. .,AcSIR - Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, New Delhi, India.
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7
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Novel ruthenium azo-quinoline complexes with enhanced photonuclease activity in human cancer cells. Eur J Med Chem 2017; 139:1016-1029. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2017.08.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2017] [Revised: 08/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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8
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Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Tian N, Li C, Wang X. Ru(II)-Complex-Based DNA Photocleaver Having Intense Absorption in the Phototherapeutic Window. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:1865-1873. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b02459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Qianxiong Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Na Tian
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Chao Li
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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9
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El-Sonbati A, Diab M, El-Bindary A, Shoair A, Beshry N. Thermal properties, geometrical structures, antimicrobial activity and DNA binding of supramolecular azo dye complexes. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2016.02.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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10
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Zhang Y, Zhou Q, Zheng Y, Li K, Jiang G, Hou Y, Zhang B, Wang X. DNA Photocleavage by Non-innocent Ligand-Based Ru(II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2016; 55:4296-300. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.6b00028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Qianxiong Zhou
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yue Zheng
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Ke Li
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
- Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Guoyu Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Yuanjun Hou
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Baowen Zhang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
| | - Xuesong Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials,
Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P.R. China
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11
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Fernando A, Shrestha TB, Liu Y, Malalasekera AP, Yu J, McLaurin EJ, Turro C, Bossmann SH, Aikens CM. Insights from Theory and Experiment on the Photochromic spiro-Dihydropyrrolo-Pyridazine/Betaine System. J Phys Chem A 2016; 120:875-83. [PMID: 26812493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.5b10020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
We elucidated the photochromic spiro-4a,5-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-b]pyridazine/betaine (DPP/betaine) system by comparing state-of-the-art density functional theory calculations with nanosecond/millisecond UV-vis absorption spectroscopy, as well as steady-state absorption and cyclization kinetics. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations are employed to examine the transformations occurring after photoexcitation. This study shows that the photochromic spiro-4a,5-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-b]pyridazine and spiro-1,8a-dihydroindolizine (DHI) systems react according to similar pathways. However, notable differences exist. Although photoexcitation of the spiro-DPP system also leads to cis-betaines, which then isomerize to trans-betaines, we found two distinct classes of cis isomers (cis-betaine rotamer-1 and cis-betaine rotamer-2), which do not exist in spiro-1,8a-dihydroindolizine. Similar to our previous study on the spiro-DHI/betaine system, a complicated potential-energy landscape between cis and trans isomers exists in the spiro-DPP system, consisting of a network of transition states and intermediates. Because the spiro-DPP/betaine is even more complicated than the spiro-DHI/betaine system, (substituted) photochromic systems featuring a 4a,5-dihydropyrrolo[1,2-b]pyridazine functional unit will require thorough in silico design to function properly as logical gates or in devices for information storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amendra Fernando
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , 213 CB Building, 1212 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Tej B Shrestha
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , 213 CB Building, 1212 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States.,Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University , Coles Hall 228, 1600 Denison Avenue, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Yao Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Aruni P Malalasekera
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , 213 CB Building, 1212 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Jing Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , 213 CB Building, 1212 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Emily J McLaurin
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , 213 CB Building, 1212 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University , 100 W. 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Stefan H Bossmann
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , 213 CB Building, 1212 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
| | - Christine M Aikens
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University , 213 CB Building, 1212 Mid-Campus Drive North, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States
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12
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Heidary DK, Howerton BS, Glazer EC. Coordination of Hydroxyquinolines to a Ruthenium Bis-dimethyl-phenanthroline Scaffold Radically Improves Potency for Potential as Antineoplastic Agents. J Med Chem 2014; 57:8936-46. [DOI: 10.1021/jm501043s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- David K. Heidary
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Brock S. Howerton
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Edith C. Glazer
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Kentucky, 505 Rose Street, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
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13
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Bellinger-Buckley S, Chang TC, Bag S, Schweinfurth D, Zhou W, Torok B, Sarkar B, Tsai MK, Rochford J. Exploring the Noninnocent Character of Electron Rich π-Extended 8-Oxyquinolate Ligands in Ruthenium(II) Bipyridyl Complexes. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:5556-67. [DOI: 10.1021/ic5002623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Bellinger-Buckley
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Tse-Cing Chang
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Number 88, Section 4, Ting-Chow
Road, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan ROC
| | - Seema Bag
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - David Schweinfurth
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie,
Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse
34-36, Berlin, Germany
| | - Weihong Zhou
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Bela Torok
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
| | - Biprajit Sarkar
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie,
Anorganische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstrasse
34-36, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ming-Kang Tsai
- Department
of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Number 88, Section 4, Ting-Chow
Road, Taipei, 11677 Taiwan ROC
| | - Jonathan Rochford
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts—Boston, 100 Morrissey Boulevard, Boston, Massachusetts 02125, United States
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14
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Perera AS, Wang H, Basel MT, Pokhrel MR, Gamage PS, Kalita M, Wendel S, Sears B, Welideniya D, Liu Y, Turro C, Troyer DL, Bossmann SH. Channel blocking of MspA revisited. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:308-315. [PMID: 23214433 DOI: 10.1021/la3037296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Porin A from Mycobacterium smegmatis (MspA) is a highly stable, octameric channel protein, which acts as the main transporter of electrolytes across the cell membrane. MspA features a narrow, negatively charged constriction zone, allowing stable binding of various analytes thereby blocking the channel. Investigation of channel blocking of mycobacterial porins is of significance in developing alternate treatment methods for tuberculosis. The concept that ruthenium(II)quaterpyridinium complexes have the capability to act as efficient channel blockers for MspA and related porins, emerged after very high binding constants were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography and steady-state luminescence studies. Consequently, the interactions between the ruthenium(II) complex RuC2 molecules and MspA, leading to RuC2@MspA assemblies, have been studied utilizing time-resolved absorption/emission, atomic force microscopy, dynamic light scattering, ζ potential measurements, and isothermal titration calorimetry. The results obtained provide evidence for the formation of clusters/large aggregates of RuC2 and MspA. The results are of interest with respect to utilizing prospective channel blockers in porins. The combination of results from conceptually different techniques shed some light onto the chemical nature of MspA-channel blocker interactions thus contributing to the development of a paradigm for channel blocking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayomi S Perera
- Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States.
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15
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Shrestha TB, Kalita M, Pokhrel MR, Liu Y, Troyer DL, Turro C, Bossmann SH, Dürr H. Maleimide-functionalized photochromic spirodihydroindolizines. J Org Chem 2012; 78:1903-9. [PMID: 23095100 DOI: 10.1021/jo301894s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two photochromic spirodihydroindolizine/betaine systems for tethering to peptides and proteins via a maleimide function have been prepared. The absorption spectra of the betaines are in the red region of the visible spectrum and in the near-IR spectral domain, which are suitable energies of light for future in vivo applications. The half-times of cyclization have been determined for both DHI/betaine systems. The findings are consistent with a thermal barrier of varying size between the transoid and cisoid conformers of the betaines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tej B Shrestha
- Department of Anatomy & Physiology, Kansas State University, Coles 130, Manhattan, Kansas 66506, United States.
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16
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Alfredo NV, Jalapa NE, Morales SL, Ryabov AD, Le Lagadec R, Alexandrova L. Light-Driven Living/Controlled Radical Polymerization of Hydrophobic Monomers Catalyzed by Ruthenium(II) Metalacycles. Macromolecules 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3014383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nelson Vargas Alfredo
- Instituto de Investigaciones
en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria,
04510, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Noel Espinosa Jalapa
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria,
04510, México
D.F., Mexico
| | - Salvador Lopez Morales
- Instituto de Investigaciones
en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria,
04510, México D.F., Mexico
| | - Alexander D. Ryabov
- Department of
Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University,
4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh,
Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Ronan Le Lagadec
- Instituto de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria,
04510, México
D.F., Mexico
| | - Larissa Alexandrova
- Instituto de Investigaciones
en Materiales, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria,
04510, México D.F., Mexico
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17
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El Ojaimi M, Thummel RP. Polydentate Analogues of 8-Hydroxyquinoline and Their Complexes with Ruthenium. Inorg Chem 2011; 50:10966-73. [DOI: 10.1021/ic201524j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maya El Ojaimi
- Department of Chemistry, 136 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
| | - Randolph P. Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, 136 Fleming Building, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003, United States
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18
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Lutterman DA, Lazinski-Melanson LA, Asher Y, Johnston DH, Gallucci JC, Turro C. Effect of intraligand π-delocalization on the photophysical properties of two new Ru(II) complexes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2010.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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19
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Sears RB, Joyce LE, Turro C. Electronic tuning of ruthenium complexes by 8-quinolate ligands. Photochem Photobiol 2010; 86:1230-6. [PMID: 20946357 DOI: 10.1111/j.1751-1097.2010.00814.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A series of Ru(II) complexes were synthesized with the deprotonated forms of the ligands 8-hydroxyquinoline (quo(-)) and 5-NO(2)-8-hydroxyquinoline (5-NO(2)-quo(-)) as analogs to the prototypical complex [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine). Electrochemistry, spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations were utilized to investigate the electronic tuning of the occupied t(2g)-type orbitals of the metal center with variation in the ligation sphere. The maximum of the lowest energy absorption of complexes containing one, two and three 8-quinolate ligands progressively redshifts from 452 nm in [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+) to 510 nm in [Ru(bpy)(2)(quo)](+), 515 nm in [Ru(bpy)(quo)(2)] and 540 nm in [Ru(quo)(3)](-) in water. This bathochromic shift results from the increase in energy of the occupied t(2g)-type orbital across the series afforded by coordination of each subsequent quo(-) ligand to the Ru(II) center. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations along with electrochemical analysis reveals that the lowest energy transition has contributions in the highest occupied molecular orbital from both the quo(-) ligand and the metal, such that the lowest energy transition is not from an orbital that is purely metal-centered in character as in [Ru(bpy)(3)](2+).
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Affiliation(s)
- R Bryan Sears
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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20
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Cruz A, Kirgan R, Siam K, Heiland P, Rillema D. Photochemical and photophysical properties of ruthenium(II) bis-bipyridine bis-nitrile complexes: Photolability. Inorganica Chim Acta 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2010.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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21
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Sun Y, El Ojaimi M, Hammitt R, Thummel RP, Turro C. Effect of Ligands with Extended π-System on the Photophysical Properties of Ru(II) Complexes. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:14664-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jp102613n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - Maya El Ojaimi
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - Richard Hammitt
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - Randolph P. Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210 and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204
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22
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Joyce LE, Aguirre JD, Angeles-Boza AM, Chouai A, Fu PKL, Dunbar KR, Turro C. Photophysical Properties, DNA Photocleavage, and Photocytotoxicity of a Series of Dppn Dirhodium(II,II) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:5371-6. [DOI: 10.1021/ic100588d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren E. Joyce
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - J. Dafhne Aguirre
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | | | - Abdellatif Chouai
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Patty K.-L. Fu
- Governors State University, University Park, Illinois 60484
| | - Kim R. Dunbar
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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23
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Sun Y, Collins SN, Joyce LE, Turro C. Unusual Photophysical Properties of a Ruthenium(II) Complex Related to [Ru(bpy)2(dppz)]2+. Inorg Chem 2010; 49:4257-62. [DOI: 10.1021/ic9025365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yujie Sun
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | | | - Lauren E. Joyce
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210
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24
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Santana MD, García-Bueno R, García G, Pérez J, García L, Monge M, Laguna A. Luminescence of five-coordinated nickel(ii) complexes with substituted-8-hydroxyquinolines and macrocyclic ligands. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:1797-806. [DOI: 10.1039/b917994a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Dolores Santana
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Murcia, 30071, Murcia, Spain.
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25
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Alberding BG, Chisholm MH, Gallucci JC, Gustafson TL, Reed CR, Turro C. Concerning the photophysical properties of Re24+ and Re26+ carboxylate compounds. Dalton Trans 2010; 39:11587-93. [DOI: 10.1039/c0dt00968g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Byabartta P. Ruthenium(II)-arylazoimidazole-8-hydroxyquinolinate complexes: Synthesis, spectral study (H, C, COSY, HMQC-NMR) and redox properties. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023609090101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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27
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Leung CF, Wong CY, Ko CC, Yuen MC, Wong WT, Wong WY, Lau TC. 8-Quinolinolato complexes of ruthenium(II) and (III). Inorganica Chim Acta 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2008.05.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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28
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Liu Y, Hammitt R, Lutterman DA, Joyce LE, Thummel RP, Turro C. Ru(II) Complexes of New Tridentate Ligands: Unexpected High Yield of Sensitized 1O2. Inorg Chem 2008; 48:375-85. [DOI: 10.1021/ic801636u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yao Liu
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
| | - Richard Hammitt
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
| | - Daniel A. Lutterman
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
| | - Lauren E. Joyce
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
| | - Randolph P. Thummel
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
| | - Claudia Turro
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, and Department of Chemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-5003
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29
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Synthesis and characterization of a new fluorene ligand and its complexes with cobalt(II), copper(II), and ruthenium(II). TRANSIT METAL CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11243-008-9062-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Shrestha TB, Melin J, Liu Y, Dolgounitcheva O, Zakrzewski VG, Pokhrel MR, Gogritchiani E, Ortiz JV, Turró C, Bossmann SH. New insights in the photochromic spiro-dihydroindolizine/betaine-system. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2008; 7:1449-56. [DOI: 10.1039/b814151g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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31
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Jasimuddin S, Byabartta P, Mostafa G, Liou JC, Lu TH, Sinha C. The synthesis, spectroscopic properties and electrochemistry of (8-quinolinolato)-bis-{1-alkyl-2- (arylazoimidazole)}ruthenium(ii) hexafluorophosphate: single crystal X-ray structure of [ru(q)(meaaime)2](PF6)·CH2Cl2 [Q = 8-quinolinolate, meaaime = 1-methyl-2-( p-tolylazoimidazole)]. J COORD CHEM 2006. [DOI: 10.1080/00958970410001662426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S.K. Jasimuddin
- a Department of Chemistry , The University of Burdwan , Burdwan, 713104, W.B., India
| | - P. Byabartta
- a Department of Chemistry , The University of Burdwan , Burdwan, 713104, W.B., India
| | - G. Mostafa
- b Department of Physics , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - J.-C. Liou
- b Department of Physics , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - T.-H. Lu
- b Department of Physics , National Tsing Hua University , Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan, ROC
| | - C. Sinha
- a Department of Chemistry , The University of Burdwan , Burdwan, 713104, W.B., India
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Angeles-Boza AM, Bradley PM, Fu PKL, Shatruk M, Hilfiger MG, Dunbar KR, Turro C. Photocytotoxicity of a new Rh2(II,II) complex: increase in cytotoxicity upon irradiation similar to that of PDT agent hematoporphyrin. Inorg Chem 2006; 44:7262-4. [PMID: 16212337 DOI: 10.1021/ic0500715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
A new type of heteroleptic dirhodium complex cis-[Rh(2)(mu-O2CCH3)2-(bpy)(dppz)]2+ (3) was synthesized and its potential as a photodynamic therapy (PDT) agent was investigated. Although 27% hypochromicity of the absorption of 3 in the near-UV and visible regions is observed in the presence of duplex DNA, relative viscosity measurements reveal that the complex does not intercalate between the DNA bases. The DNA photocleavage with visible light by 3 proceeds via both oxygen dependent and independent mechanisms, and it is more efficient than that of related complexes. The increase in the cytotoxicity of 3 towards human skin cells is similar to that of hematoporphyrin, a key ingredient in a PDT drug currently in use. This feature makes this complex a useful candidate for further PDT studies.
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Stipa P. Radical cations from dipyridinium derivatives: a combined EPR and DFT study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2006; 64:653-9. [PMID: 16388981 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2005.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2005] [Revised: 07/19/2005] [Accepted: 08/01/2005] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The monoelectronic reduction of 1,1'-dimethyl-2,2'-dicyano-4,4'-bipyridinium (DCMV++) bis-methylsulphate, conducted directly in the cavity of the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectrometer at room temperature and in DMSO solution, gave the signal of the corresponding radical cation (DCMV.+) whose interpretation has been carried out with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations run at different levels. The model chemistries considered yielded in general hyperfine coupling constants (hfcc) in good agreement with the experimental ones, except for the methyl protons directly bonded to the pyridinium nitrogens. The use of various computational methods accounting for solvent-solute interactions did not give significant improvements with respect to the gas phase results, while the geometry optimizations performed showed that the two pyridinium rings are coplanar in the radical cation but staggered in the parent dication, although the corresponding energy barrier involved is very low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Stipa
- Dipartimento di Scienze dei Materiali e della Terra, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 60131 Ancona, Italy.
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34
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Byrnes MJ, Chisholm MH, Gallucci JA, Liu Y, Ramnauth R, Turro C. Observation of 1MLCT and 3MLCT excited states in quadruply bonded Mo2 and W2 complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2006; 127:17343-52. [PMID: 16332084 DOI: 10.1021/ja055136h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of the series of quadruply bonded M(2)(O(2)C-Ar)(4) [M = Mo, Ar = phenyl (ph), 1-naphthalene (1-nap), 2-naphthalene (2-nap), 9-anthracene (9-an), 1-pyrene (1-py), and 2-pyrene (2-py); M = W, Ar = ph, 2-nap] complexes were investigated. The lowest energy absorption of the complexes is attributed to a metal-to-ligand charge transfer (1)MLCT transition from the metal-based delta HOMO to the pi* O(2)C-Ar LUMO. The Mo(2)(O(2)C-Ar)(4) complexes exhibit weak short-lived emission (<10 ns) and a nonemissive, long-lived (40-76 mus) excited state detected by transient absorption spectroscopy. The short- and long-lived species are attributed to the (1)MLCT and (3)MLCT excited states, respectively, based on the large Stokes shift, vibronic progression in the low-temperature emission spectrum, and solvent dependence. Comparisons are made to the W(2)(O(2)C-Ar)(4) complexes, which are easier to oxidize and exhibit greater spin-orbit coupling than the Mo(2) systems. From the excited-state energy of the emissive (1)MLCT state and the electrochemical properties of the complexes, it is predicted that this excited state should be a powerful reducing agent. The crystal and molecular structure of Mo(2)(O(2)C-9-an)(4) is also reported together with electronic structure calculations employing density functional theory. To our knowledge, this is the first observation of MLCT excited states in quadruply bonded complexes. In addition, the photophysical properties of the present systems parallel those of organic aromatic molecules and may be viewed as metal-mediated organics. The introduction of the M(2) delta orbital in the complexes in conjugation with the organic pi-system of the ligands affords the opportunity to tune the excited-state energies and redox potentials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew J Byrnes
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18th Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210-1185, USA
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35
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Kan Y, Yang G, Yang S, Zhang M, Lan Y, Su Z. Theoretical study on characteristics of structure and vibrational frequency of spiro-linked complex Zn(PyIm)2 (PyIm = 2(2′-pyridine)-imidazole) in excited state. Chem Phys Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2005.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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36
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Slugovc C, Koppitz A, Pogantsch A, Stelzer F. Halogenation of Ru(COD)(8-quinolinolate)2 and Ru(COD)(5-formyl-8-quinolinolate)2. Inorganica Chim Acta 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2005.03.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Hirao T, Shiori J, Okahata N. Ruthenium–Bipyridine Complex-Catalyzed Photo-Induced Reduction of Nitrobenzenes with Hydrazine. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2004. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.77.1763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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38
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Bradley PM, Smith LT, Eglin JL, Turro C. Direct Observation of the Luminescence from the 3δδ* Excited State of Re2Cl2(p-OCH3form)4. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:7360-2. [PMID: 14606825 DOI: 10.1021/ic034513t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
There are only a few reports on the measurement of the energy of the low-lying (3)deltadelta state of quadruply bonded bimetallic complexes, and the direct observation of the (1)deltadelta excited electronic state was only recently reported. In the quadruply bonded bimetallic complexes reported to date, luminescence arises from their (1)deltadelta excited state, and the (3)deltadelta state is nonemissive. Here we report the luminescence of Re(2)Cl(2)(p-OCH(3)form)(4) [p-OCH(3)form = (p-CH(3)OC(6)H(4))NCHN(p-CH(3)OC(6)H(4))(-)] observed upon 400-460 nm excitation with maxima at 820 nm (CH(2)Cl(2), tau = 1.4 micros) and 825 nm (CH(3)CN, tau = 1.3 micros) at 298 K. From the large Stokes shift, the vibronic progression at 77 K, the quenching by O(2), the long lifetime, and the calculated energy of the (3)deltadelta state, the luminescence of Re(2)Cl(2)(p-OCH(3)form)(4) and the corresponding transient absorption signal are assigned as arising from the (3)deltadelta ((3)A(2u)) excited state of the complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Bradley
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, USA
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39
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Kunkely H, Vogler A. Optical properties of zinc(II) 5,7-diiodo-8-quinolinolate in solution. Phosphorescence under ambient conditions. Chem Phys Lett 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0009-2614(03)00981-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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40
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Brissard M, Convert O, Gruselle M, Guyard-Duhayon C, Thouvenot R. Enantiospecific synthesis of delta and lambda [Ru(bpy)(2)ppy](+) and [Ru(bpy)(2)quo](+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, ppy = phenylpyridine-H(+), quo = 8-hydroxyquinolate): (1)H and (13)C NMR studies and X-ray structure determination of rac-[Ru(bpy)(2)quo]PF(6). Inorg Chem 2003; 42:1378-85. [PMID: 12588178 DOI: 10.1021/ic026121c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, we describe the enantiospecific synthesis and the complete characterization of the two hexacoordinated ruthenium(II) monocations [Ru(bpy)(2)ppy](+) and [Ru(bpy)(2)quo](+) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine, ppy = phenylpyridine-H(+), quo = 8-hydroxyquinolate) in their enantiomeric Delta and Lambda forms. The corresponding enantiomeric excesses (ee's) are determined by (1)H NMR using pure Delta-Trisphat (tris(tetrachlorobenzenedialato)phosphate(V) anion) as a chiral (1)H NMR shift reagent. A complete (1)H and (13)C NMR study has been carried out on rac-[Ru(bpy)(2)ppy]PF(6) and rac-[Ru(bpy)(2)quo]PF(6). Additionally, the X-ray molecular structure of rac-[Ru(bpy)(2)quo]PF(6) is reported; this latter species crystallizes in the monoclinic C2/c space group (a = 22.079 A, b = 16.874 A, c = 17.533 A, alpha = 90 degrees, beta = 109.08 degrees, gamma = 90 degrees ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel Brissard
- Laboratoire de Chimie Inorganique et Matériaux Moléculaires, UMR CNRS 7071, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 4 Place Jussieu, Case Courrier 42, F-75252 Paris Cedex 05, France
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41
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Suzuki T, Kuchiyama T, Kishi S, Kaizaki S, Takagi HD, Kato M. Ruthenium(II) complexes containing 8-(dimethylphosphino)quinoline (Me(2)Pqn): preparation, crystal structures, and electrochemical and spectroscopic properties of [Ru(bpy or phen)(3)(-)(n)(Me(2)Pqn)(n)](PF(6))(2) (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline; n = 1, 2, or 3). Inorg Chem 2003; 42:785-95. [PMID: 12562192 DOI: 10.1021/ic020344l] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several new ruthenium(II) complexes containing 8-(dimethylphosphino)quinoline (Me(2)Pqn) were synthesized, and their structures and electrochemical/spectroscopic properties have been investigated. In addition to the mono(Me(2)Pqn) complex [Ru(bpy or phen)(2)(Me(2)Pqn)](PF(6))(2) (1 or 1'; bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine; phen = 1,10-phenanthroline), the geometrical isomers trans(P)- and C(1)-[Ru(bpy)(Me(2)Pqn)(2)](PF(6))(2) (tP-2 and C(1)-2) and mer- and fac-[Ru(Me(2)Pqn)(3)](PF(6))(2) (m-3 and f-3) were also selectively synthesized and isolated. It was found that complexes tP-2 and m-3 were converted quantitatively to the corresponding C(1)-2 and f-3 isomers, respectively, by irradiation of light corresponding to the MLCT transition energy. The strong trans influence of the Me(2)P- donor group of Me(2)Pqn was confirmed by the X-ray structural analyses for 1, tP-2, m-3, and f-3. Cyclic voltammetry of a series of complexes, [Ru(bpy)(3)](PF(6))(2), 1, C(1)-2, and f-3, exhibited a reversible one-electron oxidation wave and two or three one-electron reduction waves. The oxidation potentials of the complexes gave a large positive shift with increasing number of coordinated Me(2)Pqn molecules, indicating a larger pi-acceptability of the Me(2)P- group compared with bpy or qn. Complex f-3 in EtOH/MeOH (4:1) glass at 77 K exhibited an intense long-lived (tau = 920 microseconds) emission arising from the quinoline-based (3)(pi-pi) excited state. In contrast, the mixed-ligand complexes 1, 1', and C(1)-2 showed a characteristic dual emission, giving a double-exponential emission decay, and the dual emission originates from both the bpy-based (3)MLCT and the quinoline-based (3)(pi-pi) emitting states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takayoshi Suzuki
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka 560-0043, Japan.
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42
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Suzuki T, Kuchiyama T, Kishi S, Kaizaki S, Kato M. Preparation, Crystal Structures, Electrochemical and Spectroscopic Properties of Bis(2,2′-bipyridine)ruthenium(II) Complexes Containing 8-(Diphenylphosphino)quinoline or 2-(Diphenylphosphino)pyridine. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 2002. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.75.2433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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43
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Leventis N, Rawaswdeh AMM, Zhang G, Elder IA, Sotiriou-Leventis C. Tuning the redox chemistry of 4-benzoyl-N-methylpyridinium cations through para substitution. Hammett linear free energy relationships and the relative aptitude of the two-electron reduced forms for H-bonding. J Org Chem 2002; 67:7501-10. [PMID: 12375985 DOI: 10.1021/jo020489+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In anhydrous CH3CN a series of nine 4-(4-substituted-benzoyl)-N-methylpyridinium cations (substituent: -OCH3, -CH3, -H, -SCH3, -Br, -Ctbd1;CH, -CHO, -NO2, and -(+)S(CH3)2) demonstrate two chemically reversible, well-separated one-electron (1-e) reductions in the same potential range as other main stream redox catalysts such as quinones and viologens. Hammett linear free energy plots yield excellent correlation between the E(1/2) values of both waves and the substituent constants sigma(p)(-)(X). The reaction constants for the two 1-e reductions are rho(1) = 2.60 and rho(2) = 3.31. The lower rho(1) value is associated with neutralization of the pyridinium ring, and the higher rho(2) value with the negative charge developing during the 2nd-e reduction. Structure-function correlations point to a purely inductive role for substitution in both 1-e reductions. The case of the 4-(4-nitrobenzoyl)-N-methylpyridinium cation is particularly noteworthy, because the 4-nitrobenzoyl moiety undergoes reduction before the 2nd reduction of the 4-benzoyl-N-methylpyridinium system. Correlation of the third wave of this compound with the 2nd-e reduction of the others yields sigma(p)(-NO)2*- = -0.97 +/- 0.02, thus placing the -NO2-* group among the strongest electron donors. Solvent deuterium isotope effects and maps of the electrostatic potential (via PM3 calculations) as a function of substitution support that 2-e reduced forms develop H-bonding with proton donors (e.g., CH3OH) via the O-atom. The average number of CH3OH molecules entering the H-bonding association increases with e-donating substituents. H-bonding shifts the 2nd reduction wave closer to the first one. This has important practical implications, because it increases the equilibrium concentration of the 2-e reduced form from disproportionation of the 1-e reduced form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Leventis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Missouri-Rolla, Rolla, Missouri 65409, USA.
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Fu PKL, Bradley PM, van Loyen D, Dürr H, Bossmann SH, Turro C. DNA photocleavage by a supramolecular Ru(II)-viologen complex. Inorg Chem 2002; 41:3808-10. [PMID: 12132903 DOI: 10.1021/ic020136t] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
A novel Ru(II) complex possessing two sequentially linked viologen units, Ru-V(1)-V(2)(6+), was synthesized and characterized. Upon excitation of the Ru(II) unit (lambda(exc) = 532 nm, fwhm approximately 10 ns), a long-lived charge-separated (CS) state is observed (tau = 1.7 micros) by transient absorption spectroscopy. Unlike Ru(bpy)(3)(2+), which cleaves DNA upon photolysis through the formation of reactive oxygen species, such as (1)O(2) and O(2)(-), the photocleavage of plasmid DNA by Ru-V(1)-V(2)(6+) is observed both in air and under N(2) atmosphere (lambda(irr) > 395 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Patty K-L Fu
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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45
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Klassen DM, DelPup RV. Excited state properties of mixed phosphine 2-(2'-pyridyl)quinoline complexes of ruthenium(II). Inorg Chem 2002; 41:3155-60. [PMID: 12054994 DOI: 10.1021/ic010846j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mixed ligand complexes of the type Ru(pq)(2)(PP)(2+) (pq = 2,2'-pyridylquinoline and PP = one bidentate or two monodentate phosphine ligands) have been prepared from the appropriate phosphine and Ru(pq)(2)Cl(2). The room temperature absorption spectra and low temperature (77 K) emission spectra, emission lifetimes, and quantum yields have been measured for the series of complexes and compared with those of Ru(pq)(3)(2+) and analogous Ru(bpy)(2)(PP)(2+) complexes (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) where possible. Emission spectra have been fit using a single mode Franck-Condon analysis. The visible absorption bands and emission bands are assigned to MLCT transitions that are blue shifted relative to Ru(pq)(3)(2+), while the emission lifetimes and quantum yields are increased. The trends in the nonradiative rate constants, k(nr), are described in terms of the energy gap, E(0), and the Huang-Rhys factor, S(M), which were obtained from the spectral fittings, and are correlated with the phosphine ligand structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Klassen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, McMurry University, Abilene, Texas 79697, USA.
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46
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Chryssou K, Catalano V, Kurtaran R, Falaras P. Synthesis and characterization of bdmppdcbpyRu (II) complex for dye-sensitized solar cells [where bdmpp is 2,6-bis(3,5-dimethyl-N-pyrazoyl)pyridine and dcbpy is 2,2′-bipyridine-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid]. Inorganica Chim Acta 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s0020-1693(01)00735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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47
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Brissard M, Amouri H, Gruselle M, Thouvenot R. Dédoublement et détermination des excès énantiomériques des complexes de ruthéniumII hexacoordinés 〚Ru(bpy)2ppy〛+ et 〚Ru(bpy)2Quo〛+ (bpy = bipyridine, ppy = phénylpyridine, Quo = 8-quinolate) utilisés comme templates dans la construction de réseaux anioniques tridimensionnels. CR CHIM 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1631-0748(02)01305-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Leventis N, Elder IA, Gao X, Bohannan EW, Sotiriou-Leventis C, Rawashdeh AMM, Overschmidt TJ, Gaston KR. The Redox Chemistry of 4-Benzoyl-N-methylpyridinium Cations in Acetonitrile with and without Proton Donors: The Role of Hydrogen Bonding. J Phys Chem B 2001. [DOI: 10.1021/jp0107199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Leventis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri at Rolla, 142 Schrenk Hall, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010
| | - Ian A. Elder
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri at Rolla, 142 Schrenk Hall, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010
| | - Xuerong Gao
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri at Rolla, 142 Schrenk Hall, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010
| | - Eric W. Bohannan
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri at Rolla, 142 Schrenk Hall, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010
| | | | - Abdel Monem M. Rawashdeh
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri at Rolla, 142 Schrenk Hall, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010
| | - Travis J. Overschmidt
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri at Rolla, 142 Schrenk Hall, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010
| | - Kimberly R. Gaston
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Missouri at Rolla, 142 Schrenk Hall, Rolla, Missouri 65409-0010
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Bradley PM, Bursten BE, Turro C. Excited-state properties of Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4)(L)(2) (L = CH(3)OH, THF, PPh(3), py). Inorg Chem 2001; 40:1376-9. [PMID: 11300845 DOI: 10.1021/ic0009573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The photophysical properties of Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4)(L)(2) (L = CH(3)OH, THF = tetrahydrofuran, PPh(3) = triphenylphosphine, py = pyridine) were explored upon excitation with visible light. Time-resolved absorption shows that all the complexes possess a long-lived transient (3.5-5.0 micros) assigned as an electronic excited state of the molecules, and they exhibit an optical transition at approximately 760 nm whose position is independent of axial ligand. No emission from the Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4)(L)(2) (L = CH(3)OH, THF, PPh(3), py) systems was detected, but energy transfer from Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4)(PPh(3))(2) to the (3)pipi excited state of perylene is observed. Electron transfer from Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4)(PPh(3))(2) to 4,4'-dimethyl viologen (MV(2+)) and chloro-p-benzoquinone (Cl-BQ) takes place with quenching rate constants (k(q)) of 8.0 x 10(6) and 1.2 x 10(6) M(-1) s(-1) in methanol, respectively. A k(q) value of 2 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1) was measured for the quenching of the excited state of Rh(2)(O(2)CCH(3))(4)(PPh(3))(2) by O(2) in methanol. The observations are consistent with the production of an excited state with excited-state energy, E(00), between 1.34 and 1.77 eV.
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Affiliation(s)
- P M Bradley
- Department of Chemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus 43210, USA
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