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Pan B, Karadaghi LR, Brutchey RL, Malmstadt N. A Multistep, Multicomponent Extraction and Separation Microfluidic Route to Recycle Water-Miscible Ionic Liquid Solvents. Ind Eng Chem Res 2024; 63:489-497. [PMID: 38223501 PMCID: PMC10785803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c03312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Recycling ionic liquid (IL) solvents can reduce the lifecycle cost of these expensive solvents. Liquid-liquid extraction is the most straightforward approach to purify IL solvents and is typically performed with an immiscible washing agent (e.g., water). Herein, we describe a recycling route for water-miscible ILs in which direct recycling is usually challenging. We use hydrophobic ILs as accommodating agents to draw the water-miscible IL from the aqueous washing stream. A biphasic slug flow of the mixed ILs and water is then separated by using a membrane. The water-miscible IL can then be drawn out from the mixed IL phase with acidified water and dried under vacuum. Both the water-miscible IL and the accommodating agent are then recycled. Here, we demonstrated a proof-of-concept of this process by recycling 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium trifluoromethanesulfonate (BMIM-OTf) in the presence of the accommodating agent 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide (BMIM-NTf2) and acidified water. We then demonstrated the capacity to recycle 1-butyl-1-methylpyrrolidinium triflate (BMPYRR-OTf) from a realistic synthetic application: Pt nanoparticle synthesis in the water-miscible IL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Pan
- Mork
Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089-1211, United States
| | - Lanja R. Karadaghi
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 840 Downey Way, Los Angeles, California 90089-0744, United States
| | - Richard L. Brutchey
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 840 Downey Way, Los Angeles, California 90089-0744, United States
| | - Noah Malmstadt
- Mork
Family Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Southern California, 925 Bloom Walk, Los Angeles, California 90089-1211, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Southern California, 840 Downey Way, Los Angeles, California 90089-0744, United States
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, University of
Southern California, 1042 Downey Way, Los Angeles, California 90089-0260, United States
- USC
Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, University
of Southern California, 1441 Eastlake Ave, Los Angeles, California 90033, United States
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2
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Mou M, Patel A, Mallick S, Thapaliya BP, Paranthaman MP, Mugumya JH, Rasche ML, Gupta RB, Saleh S, Kothe S, Baral E, Pandey GP, Lopez H, Jiang M. Scalable Advanced Li(Ni 0.8Co 0.1Mn 0.1)O 2 Cathode Materials from a Slug Flow Continuous Process. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:42408-42417. [PMID: 36440126 PMCID: PMC9685780 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Li[Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1]O2 (LNCMO811) is the most studied cathode material for next-generation lithium-ion batteries with high energy density. However, available synthesis methods are time-consuming and complex, restricting their mass production. A scalable manufacturing process for producing NCM811 hydroxide precursors is vital for commercialization of the material. In this work, a three-phase slug flow reactor, which has been demonstrated for its ease of scale-up, better synthetic control, and excellent uniform mixing, was developed to control the initial stage of the coprecipitation of NCM811 hydroxide. Furthermore, an equilibrium model was established to predict the yield and composition of the final product. The homogeneous slurry from the slug flow system was obtained and then transferred into a ripening vessel for the necessary ripening process. Finally, the lithium-nickel-cobalt-manganese oxide was obtained through the calcination of the slug flow-derived precursor with lithium hydroxide, having a tap density of 1.3 g cm-3 with a well-layered structure. As-synthesized LNCMO811 shows a high specific capacity of 169.5 mAh g-1 at a current rate of 0.1C and a long cycling stability of 1000 cycling with good capacity retention. This demonstration provides a pathway toward scaling up the cathode synthesis process for large-scale battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyao Mou
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Arjun Patel
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Sourav Mallick
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Bishnu P. Thapaliya
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee37831, United States
| | | | - Jethrine H. Mugumya
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Michael L. Rasche
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Ram B. Gupta
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Selma Saleh
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Sophie Kothe
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Ena Baral
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Gaind P. Pandey
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
| | - Herman Lopez
- Zenlabs
Energy Inc., Fremont, California94538, United States
| | - Mo Jiang
- Department
of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia23219, United States
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3
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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Wen L, Kong W, Yang Y, Zhu J, Liu F, Jin Y. Study of Temperature on the Corrosion Behavior of Antibacterial Steel by a Large-Scale Multiphase Flow Corrosion Test Loop. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7472. [PMID: 36363079 PMCID: PMC9655750 DOI: 10.3390/ma15217472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The System #2 flow loop used in this study is a 4-inch-diameter, high-temperature, high-pressure system. In situ corrosion and electrochemical measurements were performed using a homemade flat corrosion specimen and a three-electrode probe. The experiment results show that temperature has an accelerated influence on the corrosion of antibacterial alloy steel. With the increase of temperature and the presence of O2 in the environment, a loose and porous corrosion product film was formed on the surface of the resistant steel, which made it easier for the corrosion medium to enter the corrosion product film from the pore, thus accelerating the corrosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunan Zhang
- National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yongqiang Zhang
- Research Institute of Shaanxi Yanchang Petroleum (Group) Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710065, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Carbon Dioxide Sequestration and Enhanced Oil Recovery, Xi’an 710065, China
| | - Lei Wen
- National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Kong
- National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yinghua Yang
- National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jinyang Zhu
- National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fuhai Liu
- National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Jin
- National Center for Materials Service Safety, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
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4
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Numbering-up liquid-liquid systems in microfluidic reactors: a parametric study. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.05.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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5
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Schwarz CA, Mendelawi M, Agar DW. Kreuz‐Gegenstrom‐Verschaltung zum Numbering‐up der Pfropfenströmung zu Extraktionszwecken. CHEM-ING-TECH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.202100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Andreas Schwarz
- Technische Universität Dortmund Fakultät für Bio- und Chemieingenieurwesen, Lehrstuhl für Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Emil-Figge-Straße 66 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - Mehdy Mendelawi
- Technische Universität Dortmund Fakultät für Bio- und Chemieingenieurwesen, Lehrstuhl für Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Emil-Figge-Straße 66 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
| | - David W. Agar
- Technische Universität Dortmund Fakultät für Bio- und Chemieingenieurwesen, Lehrstuhl für Chemische Verfahrenstechnik Emil-Figge-Straße 66 44227 Dortmund Deutschland
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6
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7
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Design, Fundamental Principles of Fabrication and Applications of Microreactors. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8080891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study highlights the development of small-scale reactors, in the form of microstructures with microchannel networking. Microreactors have achieved an impressive reputation, regarding chemical synthesis ability and their applications in the engineering, pharmaceutical, and biological fields. This review elaborates on the fabrication, construction, and schematic fundamentals in the design of the microreactors and microchannels. The materials used in the fabrication or construction of the microreactors include silicon, polymer, and glass. A general review of the application of microreactors in medical, biological, and engineering fields is carried out and significant improvements in these areas are reported. Finally, we highlight the flow patterns, mixing, and scaling-up of multiphase microreactor developments, with emphasis on the more significant industrial applications.
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8
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Lattice-Boltzmann Simulation and Experimental Validation of a Microfluidic T-Junction for Slug Flow Generation. CHEMENGINEERING 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/chemengineering3020048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
We investigate the interaction of two immiscible fluids in a head-on device geometry, where both fluids are streaming opposite to each other. The simulations are based on the two-dimensional (2D) lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) using the Rothman and Keller (RK) model. We validate the LBM code with several benchmarks such as the bubble test, static contact angle, and layered flow. For the first time, we simulate a head-on device by forcing periodicity and a volume force to induce the flow. From low to high flow rates, three main flow patterns are observed in the head-on device, which are dripping-squeezing, jetting-shearing, and threading. In the squeezing regime, the flow is steady and the droplets are equal. The jetting-shearing flow is not as stable as dripping-squeezing. Moreover, the formation of droplets is shifted downstream into the main channel. The last flow form is threading, in which the immiscible fluids flow parallel downstream to the outlet. In contrast to other studies, we select larger microfluidic channels with 1-mm channel width to achieve relatively high volumetric fluxes as used in chemical synthesis reactors. Consequently, the capillary number of the flow regimes is smaller than 10−5. In conclusion, the simulation compares well to experimental data.
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9
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Madane K, Kulkarni AA. Pressure equalization approach for flow uniformity in microreactor with parallel channels. Chem Eng Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2017.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Xie T, Chen M, Xu C, Chen J. Two-Stage Feedback Miniextractor with High-Throughput via Selective Dimension Scale-Out. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b02952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tingliang Xie
- Institute
of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Minxuan Chen
- Institute
of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
- College
of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Beijing 102249, P.R. China
| | - Cong Xu
- Institute
of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute
of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center
of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P.R. China
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11
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and
New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced
Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tingliang Xie
- Institute of Nuclear and
New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced
Nuclear Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
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13
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López-Guajardo E, Ortiz-Nadal E, Montesinos-Castellanos A, Nigam KDP. Process Intensification of Biodiesel Production Using a Tubular Micro-Reactor (TMR): Experimental and Numerical Assessment. CHEM ENG COMMUN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/00986445.2016.1277521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Enrique López-Guajardo
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, México
| | - Enrique Ortiz-Nadal
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, México
| | | | - Krishna D. P. Nigam
- Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Tecnologico de Monterrey, Campus Monterrey, Monterrey, México
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, Delhi, India
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14
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Antweiler N, Gatberg S, Jestel G, Franzke J, Agar DW. Noninvasive Sensor for the Detection of Process Parameters for Multiphase Slug Flows in Microchannels. ACS Sens 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.6b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolai Antweiler
- Department
of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Reaction
Engineering, Technical University of Dortmund 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Sascha Gatberg
- Department
of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Reaction
Engineering, Technical University of Dortmund 44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Günther Jestel
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften − ISAS − e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Joachim Franzke
- Leibniz-Institut für Analytische Wissenschaften − ISAS − e.V., 44139 Dortmund, Germany
| | - David W. Agar
- Department
of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Chemical Reaction
Engineering, Technical University of Dortmund 44227 Dortmund, Germany
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15
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16
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Antweiler N, Gatberg S, Franzke J, Agar DW. Neue kosteneffektive Mess- und Regeltechnik für das Numbering-up von reaktiven Pfropfenströmungen in Mikrokanälen. CHEM-ING-TECH 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/cite.201500032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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17
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Kilcher E, Freymond S, Vanoli E, Marti R, Schmidt G, Abele S. Continuous Process for Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Bisalkylation of Cyclopentadiene for the Synthesis of Spiro[2.4]hepta-4,6-diene. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.5b00046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Elia Kilcher
- HES-SO Haute école spécialisée de Suisse occidentale, Haute école d’ingénierie et d’architecture de Fribourg, Institut Chemical Technology, Bd Pérolles 80, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Freymond
- HES-SO Haute école spécialisée de Suisse occidentale, Haute école d’ingénierie et d’architecture de Fribourg, Institut Chemical Technology, Bd Pérolles 80, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Ennio Vanoli
- HES-SO Haute école spécialisée de Suisse occidentale, Haute école d’ingénierie et d’architecture de Fribourg, Institut Chemical Technology, Bd Pérolles 80, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Roger Marti
- HES-SO Haute école spécialisée de Suisse occidentale, Haute école d’ingénierie et d’architecture de Fribourg, Institut Chemical Technology, Bd Pérolles 80, CH-1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Gunther Schmidt
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gewerbestrasse 16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Abele
- Actelion Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Gewerbestrasse 16, CH-4123 Allschwil, Switzerland
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18
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Zhang Y, Born SC, Jensen KF. Scale-Up Investigation of the Continuous Phase-Transfer-Catalyzed Hypochlorite Oxidation of Alcohols and Aldehydes. Org Process Res Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/op500158h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanjie Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Stephen C. Born
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Klavs F. Jensen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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19
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20
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Al-Rawashdeh M, Yue F, Patil NG, Nijhuis TA, Hessel V, Schouten JC, Rebrov EV. Designing flow and temperature uniformities in parallel microchannels reactor. AIChE J 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.14443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ma'moun Al-Rawashdeh
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven 5600 MB The Netherlands
| | - Fangyuan Yue
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven 5600 MB The Netherlands
| | - Narendra G. Patil
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven 5600 MB The Netherlands
| | - T. A. Nijhuis
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven 5600 MB The Netherlands
| | - Volker Hessel
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven 5600 MB The Netherlands
| | - Jaap C. Schouten
- Dept. of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Laboratory of Chemical Reactor Engineering; Eindhoven University of Technology; Eindhoven 5600 MB The Netherlands
| | - Evgeny V. Rebrov
- Reactor and Process Engineering; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen's University Belfast; Belfast BT9 5AG U.K
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21
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Nightingale AM, Demello JC. Segmented flow reactors for nanocrystal synthesis. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2013; 25:1813-1821. [PMID: 23135743 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201203252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In the past decade microreactors have emerged as a compelling technology for the highly controlled synthesis of colloidal nanocrystals, offering multiple advantages over conventional batch synthesis methods (including improved levels of control, reproducibility, and automation). Initial work in the field employed simple continuous phase reactors that manipulate miscible streams of a single reagent phase. Recently, however, there has been increasing interest in segmented flow reactors that use an immiscible fluid to divide the reagent phase into discrete slugs or droplets. Key advantages of segmented flow include the elimination of velocity dispersion (a significant cause of polydispersity) and greatly reduced susceptibility to reactor fouling. In this progress report we review the operation of segmented flow microreactors, their application to the controlled synthesis of nanocrystals, and some of the principal challenges that must be addressed before they can become a mainstream technology for the controlled production of nanomaterials.
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22
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Peela NR, Lee IC, Vlachos DG. Design and Fabrication of a High-Throughput Microreactor and Its Evaluation for Highly Exothermic Reactions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/ie302093u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nageswara Rao Peela
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, and Catalysis
Center for Energy Innovation, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Ivan C. Lee
- Sensors and Electron Devices
Directorate, US Army Research Laboratory, 2800 Powder Mill Road, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Dionisios G. Vlachos
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular
Engineering, Center for Catalytic Science and Technology, and Catalysis
Center for Energy Innovation, University of Delaware, 150 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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23
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Cervera-Padrell AE, Skovby T, Kiil S, Gani R, Gernaey KV. Active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) production involving continuous processes – A process system engineering (PSE)-assisted design framework. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2012; 82:437-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2012.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Accepted: 07/03/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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24
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Gernaey KV, Cervera-Padrell AE, Woodley JM. A perspective on PSE in pharmaceutical process development and innovation. Comput Chem Eng 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.compchemeng.2012.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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25
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Cervera-Padrell AE, Morthensen ST, Lewandowski DJ, Skovby T, Kiil S, Gernaey KV. Continuous Hydrolysis and Liquid–Liquid Phase Separation of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Intermediate Using a Miniscale Hydrophobic Membrane Separator. Org Process Res Dev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/op200242s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert E. Cervera-Padrell
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229,
DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sofie T. Morthensen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229,
DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Daniel J. Lewandowski
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229,
DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tommy Skovby
- Chemical Production Development, H. Lundbeck A/S, Oddenvej 182, DK-4500 Nykoebing Sj., Denmark
| | - Søren Kiil
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229,
DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Krist V. Gernaey
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229,
DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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26
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Cervera-Padrell AE, Nielsen JP, Jønch Pedersen M, Müller Christensen K, Mortensen AR, Skovby T, Dam-Johansen K, Kiil S, Gernaey KV. Monitoring and Control of a Continuous Grignard Reaction for the Synthesis of an Active Pharmaceutical Ingredient Intermediate Using Inline NIR spectroscopy. Org Process Res Dev 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/op2002563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Albert E. Cervera-Padrell
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jesper P. Nielsen
- Chemical Production Development, H. Lundbeck A/S, Oddenvej 182, DK-4500 Nykoebing Sj.,
Denmark
| | - Michael Jønch Pedersen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kim Müller Christensen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Asmus R. Mortensen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Tommy Skovby
- Chemical Production Development, H. Lundbeck A/S, Oddenvej 182, DK-4500 Nykoebing Sj.,
Denmark
| | - Kim Dam-Johansen
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Søren Kiil
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Krist V. Gernaey
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical
Engineering, Technical University of Denmark (DTU), Building 229, DK-2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Scheiff F, Mendorf M, Agar D, Reis N, Mackley M. The separation of immiscible liquid slugs within plastic microchannels using a metallic hydrophilic sidestream. LAB ON A CHIP 2011; 11:1022-1029. [PMID: 21279200 DOI: 10.1039/c0lc00442a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes experiments and related modelling on a new method for separating aqueous phase slugs from the surrounding organic matrix phase in segmented two phase flow in a plastic microcapillary film (MCF). Kerosene or paraffin oil was metered through a plastic capillary of 630 microns diameter and aqueous phase slugs were generated within the capillary by the continuous sidestream injection of water. It was found that the resulting aqueous phase slugs formed in the MCF could be subsequently easily separated from the organic phase by piercing the downstream sidewall of the plastic capillary with a hydrophilic metal hypodermic needle to draw off an aqueous sidestream. Optical scrutiny of the phase separation process indicated that two distinct disengagement mechanisms are involved, in which the metal needle tip either remains submerged in the aqueous phase or becomes periodically exposed to the organic phase at certain stages of the segregation process. The separation efficiency, i.e. the degree of residual phase cross-contamination, was determined as a function of both the sidestream needle angle and the depth of needle penetration into the capillary for a given flow rate and phase ratio. It was established that the separation efficiency was very sensitive to the downstream pressure balance between the organic mainstream flow in the plastic capillary and the aqueous sidestream flow through the needle. A mathematical model for the pressure balance conditions was developed by making certain simplifying assumptions and taking the Laplace interfacial pressure into account. The model predictions agreed surprisingly well with the experimental findings, thus providing circumstantial evidence for the validity of the insights into the phase separation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Scheiff
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, TU University of Dortmund, Germany
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