Novel Multiple-Acidic Ionic Liquids: Catalysts for Environmentally Friendly Benign Synthesis of trans-β-Nitrostyrenes under Solvent-Free Conditions

An ionic liquid gel: a heterogeneous catalyst for Erlenmeyer–Plochl and Henry reactions

Agar gel entrapped [Bmim]OH has been prepared and employed as an efficient heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of β-nitro alcohols and azlactones.

Catalytic Ionic-Liquid Membranes: The Convergence of Ionic-Liquid Catalysis and Ionic-Liquid Membrane Separation Technologies

Membrane technologies enable the facile separation of complex mixtures of gases, vapours, liquids and/or solids under mild conditions. Simultaneous chemical transformations can also be achieved in membranes by using catalytically active membrane materials or embedded catalysts, in so-called membrane reactors. A particular class of membranes containing or composed of ionic liquids (ILs) or polymeric ionic liquids (pILs) have recently emerged. These membranes often exhibit superior transport and separation properties to those of classical polymeric membranes. ILs and pILs have also been extensively studied as separation solvents, catalysts and co-catalysts in similar applications for which membranes are employed. In this review, after introducing ILs and their applications in catalysis, catalytic membranes and recent advances in membrane separation processes based on ILs are described. Finally, the nascent concept of catalytic IL membranes is highlighted, in which catalytically active ILs/pILs are incorporated into membrane technologies to act as a catalytic separation layer.

Ionic liquid [Dabco-H][AcO] as a highly efficient and recyclable catalyst for the synthesis of various bisenol derivatives via domino Knoevenagel–Michael reaction in aqueous media

An efficient, green and reusable catalystic system for the synthesis of various bisenol derivatives is presented.

Cinchona alkaloid and di-tert-butyldicarbonate–DMAP promoted efficient synthesis of (E)-nitroolefins

A simple and efficient metal-free methodology for the synthesis of β-nitroolefins has been developed from arylidinemalononitrile using bifunctional cinchona alkaloid along with di-tert-butyldicarbonate–DMAP in high yields with total selectivity.

Highly efficient and recyclable copper based ionic liquid catalysts for amide synthesis

Copper based ionic liquids have been successfully prepared for the synthesis of primary, secondary and tertiary amides under mild reaction conditions.

Cinchona alkaloid-based chiral catalysts act as highly efficient multifunctional organocatalysts for the asymmetric conjugate addition of malonates to nitroolefins

New pentaerythritol tetrabromide-based chiral quaternary ammonium salts acting as organocatalysts (7a and 7b) have been prepared and used as organocatalysts for enantioselective Michael addition reactions between various nitroolefins and Michael donors (malonates) under mild reaction conditions, such as lower concentration of base and catalyst and room temperature, with very good chemical yields (up to 97%) and ee's (up to 99%).

A quaternary ammonium salt [H-dabco][AcO]: as a recyclable and highly efficient catalyst for the one-pot synthesis of β-phosphonomalonates

A recyclable catalyst for one-pot synthesis of β-phosphonomalonates via tandem Knoevenagel–phospha-Michael reaction.

An environmentally benign protocol for aqueous synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyrans catalyzed by cost-effective ionic liquid

A mild, efficient, and environmentally benign protocol for the synthesis of tetrahydrobenzo[b]pyran derivatives in the presence of readily accessible, biodegradable, and choline hydroxide based ionic liquid as catalyst has been established. The key features of the reported methodology include good to excellent yields of desired products, simple work-up procedure and good recyclability of catalysts, which may be a practical alternative to the existing conventional processes for the preparation of 4-H pyrans to cater to the requirements of academia as well as industry.

Ionic tagged amine supported on magnetic nanoparticles: synthesis and application for versatile catalytic Knoevenagel condensation in water

Propylamine modified with imidazolium ionic moiety grafted onto magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) was prepared and evaluated as a catalyst for Knoevenagel condensation in water at room temperature.

Combined phase behavior, dynamic light scattering, viscosity and spectroscopic investigations of a pyridinium-based ionic liquid-in-oil microemulsion

Proposed model, phase diagram and variation in size (d), viscosity (η) and fluorescence intensity (FI) for 1-butyl-4-methyl pyridinium tetrafluoroborate ([b4mpy][BF4])–(Tween 20 + n-pentanol)–n-heptane ionic liquid-in-oil-microemulsion system.