1
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Wu X, Smet E, Brandi F, Raikwar D, Zhang Z, Maes BUW, Sels BF. Advancements and Perspectives toward Lignin Valorization via O-Demethylation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202317257. [PMID: 38128012 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202317257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Lignin represents the largest aromatic carbon resource in plants, holding significant promise as a renewable feedstock for bioaromatics and other cyclic hydrocarbons in the context of the circular bioeconomy. However, the methoxy groups of aryl methyl ethers, abundantly found in technical lignins and lignin-derived chemicals, limit their pertinent chemical reactivity and broader applicability. Unlocking the phenolic hydroxyl functionality through O-demethylation (ODM) has emerged as a valuable approach to mitigate this need and enables further applications. In this review, we provide a comprehensive summary of the progress in the valorization of technical lignin and lignin-derived chemicals via ODM, both catalytic and non-catalytic reactions. Furthermore, a detailed analysis of the properties and potential applications of the O-demethylated products is presented, accompanied by a systematic overview of available ODM reactions. This review primarily focuses on enhancing the phenolic hydroxyl content in lignin-derived species through ODM, showcasing its potential in the catalytic funneling of lignin and value-added applications. A comprehensive synopsis and future outlook are included in the concluding section of this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Ewoud Smet
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Francesco Brandi
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Deepak Raikwar
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Zhenlei Zhang
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bert U W Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Bert F Sels
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
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2
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Ruan H, Xu Z, Kumar A, Feng M, Lipton AS, Walter ED, Gieleciak R, Paudel HP, Duan Y, Yang B. Elucidating the Reaction Pathways of Veratrylglycero-β-Guaiacyl Ether Degradation over Metal-Free Solid Acid Catalyst with Hydrogen. CHEMSUSCHEM 2023; 16:e202202001. [PMID: 36527279 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202202001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Efficient cleavage of β-O-4 bonds in lignin to high-yield aromatic compounds for the potential production of fuels and chemicals is vital for the economics of the modern biorefinery industry. This work is distinct in that a detailed mechanistic analysis of the reaction pathways of veratrylglycero-β-guaiacyl ether (VGE) catalyzed by transition-metal-free solid acid zeolite in aqueous conditions at high hydrogen pressure has been performed. VGE degradation produced high monomers yields (≈87 %), including guaiacol (48.2 %), 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)ethanol (10.3 %), 1-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-propanol (6.1 %), 3,4-dimethoxyphenylpropanol (4.7 %), 3,4-dimethoxycinnamyl alcohol (4.1 %), and 1,2-dimethoxy-4-propylbenzene (2 %). The products were identified and confirmed by the in situ solid-state magic angle spinning (MAS) 13 C NMR spectroscopy in real-time conditions and the two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC). A variety of products reveal the crucial role of hydrogen, water, and acid sites for heterolytic cleavage of the β-O-4 bond in VGE. Decarbonylation, hydrogenolysis, hydrogenation, and dehydration reaction pathways are proposed and further validated using first-principles calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ruan
- Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Zhangyang Xu
- Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Maoqi Feng
- Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Andrew S Lipton
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Eric D Walter
- Earth and Biological Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
| | - Rafal Gieleciak
- Natural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY Devon One Oil Patch Drive, Devon, AB, T9G 1 A8, Canada
| | - Hari P Paudel
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15236, USA
| | - Yuhua Duan
- National Energy Technology Laboratory, United States Department of Energy, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, 15236, USA
| | - Bin Yang
- Bioproducts, Sciences, and Engineering Laboratory, Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, Washington, 99354, USA
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3
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Jeantelot G, Følkner SP, Manegold JIS, Ingebrigtsen MG, Jensen VR, Le Roux E. Selective Hydrodeoxygenation of Lignin-Derived Phenols to Aromatics Catalyzed by Nb 2O 5-Supported Iridium. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:31561-31566. [PMID: 36092594 PMCID: PMC9453801 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c04314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The dominating catalytic approach to aromatic hydrocarbons from renewables, deoxygenation of phenol-rich depolymerized lignin bio-oils, is hard to achieve: hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of phenols typically leads to the loss of aromaticity and to non-negligible fractions of cyclohexanones and cyclohexanols. Here, we report a catalyst, niobia-supported iridium nanoparticles (Ir@Nb2O5), which combines full conversion in the HDO of lignin-derived phenols with appreciable and tunable selectivity for aromatics (25-95%) under mild conditions (200-300 °C, 2.5-10 bar of H2). A simple approach to the removal of Brønsted-acidic sites via Hünig's base prevents coking and allows reaction conditions (T > 225 °C, 2.5 bar of H2), promoting high yields of aromatic hydrocarbons.
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4
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Kim KH, Jin X, Ji A, Aui A, Mba-Wright M, Yoo CJ, Choi JW, Ha JM, Kim CS, Yoo CG, Choi JW. Catalytic conversion of waste corrugated cardboard into lactic acid using lanthanide triflates. WASTE MANAGEMENT (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 144:41-48. [PMID: 35306464 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2022.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 03/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The efficient strategy for waste conversion and resource recovery is of great interest in the sustainable bioeconomy context. This work reports on the catalytic upcycling of waste corrugated cardboard (WCC) into lactic acid using lanthanide triflates catalysts. WCC, a primary contributor to municipal solid wastes, has been viewed as a feedstock for producing a wide range of renewable products. Hydrothermal conversion of WCC was carried out in the presence of several lanthanide triflates. The reaction with erbium(III) triflate (Er(OTf)3) and ytterbium(III) triflate (Yb(OTf)3) resulted in high lactic acid yields, 65.5 and 64.3 mol%, respectively. In addition, various monomeric phenols were readily obtained as a co-product stream, opening up opportunities in waste management and resource recovery. Finally, technoeconomic analysis was conducted based on the experimental results, which suggests a significant economic benefit of chemocatalytic upcycling of WCC into lactic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang Ho Kim
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Department of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, 2424 Main Mall, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Xuanjun Jin
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
| | - Anqi Ji
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Alvina Aui
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Mark Mba-Wright
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50010, USA
| | - Chun-Jae Yoo
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Wook Choi
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Myeong Ha
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Soo Kim
- Clean Energy Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Geun Yoo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA; The Michael M. Szwarc Polymer Research Institute, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA
| | - Joon Weon Choi
- Graduate School of International Agricultural Technology, Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Republic of Korea
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5
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Wu X, Liao Y, Bomon J, Tian G, Bai ST, Van Aelst K, Zhang Q, Vermandel W, Wambacq B, Maes BUW, Yu J, Sels BF. Lignin-First Monomers to Catechol: Rational Cleavage of C-O and C-C Bonds over Zeolites. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202102248. [PMID: 34927813 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202102248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A catalytic route is developed to synthesize bio-renewable catechol from softwood-derived lignin-first monomers. This process concept consists of two steps: 1) O-demethylation of 4-n-propylguaiacol (4-PG) over acidic beta zeolites in hot pressurized liquid water delivering 4-n-propylcatechol (4-PC); 2) gas-phase C-dealkylation of 4-PC providing catechol and propylene over acidic ZSM-5 zeolites in the presence of water. With large pore sized beta-19 zeolite as catalyst, 4-PC is formed with more than 93 % selectivity at nearly full conversion of 4-PG. The acid-catalyzed C-dealkylation over ZSM-5 zeolite with medium pore size gives a catechol yield of 75 %. Overall, around 70 % catechol yield is obtained from pure 4-PG, or 56 % when starting from crude 4-PG monomers obtained from softwood by lignin-first RCF biorefinery. The selective cleavage of functional groups from biobased platform molecules through a green and sustainable process highlights the potential to shift feedstock from fossil oil to biomass, providing drop ins for the chemicals industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Wu
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Yuhe Liao
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, 510640, P.R. China
| | - Jeroen Bomon
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - Guilong Tian
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Shao-Tao Bai
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, P.R. China
| | - Korneel Van Aelst
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Qiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Walter Vermandel
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Ben Wambacq
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
| | - Bert U W Maes
- Organic Synthesis Division, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium
| | - Jihong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry; International Center of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
| | - Bert F Sels
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven, 3001, Belgium
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6
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Rahaman MS, Tulaphol S, Molley A, Mills K, Hossain MA, Yelle D, Maihom T, Sathitsuksanoh N. Metal triflate formation of C 12-C 22 phenolic compounds by the simultaneous C-O breaking and C-C coupling of benzyl phenyl ether. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:17390-17396. [PMID: 34792048 DOI: 10.1039/d1dt02136b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Catalytic pathways to produce high carbon number compounds from benzyl phenyl ether require multiple steps to break the aryl etheric carbon-oxygen bonds; these steps are followed by energy-intensive processes to remove oxygen atoms and/or carbon-carbon coupling. Here, we show an upgrading strategy to transform benzyl phenyl ether into large phenolic (C12-C22) compounds by a one-step C-O breaking and C-C coupling catalyzed by metal triflates under a mild condition (100 °C and 1 bar). Hafnium triflate was the most selective for the desired products. In addition, we measured the effect of solvent polarity on the catalytic performance. Solvents with a polarity index of less than 3.4 promoted the catalytic activity and selectivity to C12-C22 phenolic products. These C12-C22 phenolic compounds have potential applications for phenol-formaldehyde polymers, diesel/jet fuels, and liquid organic hydrogen carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarttrawut Tulaphol
- Sustainable Polymer & Innovative Composite Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand
| | - Ashten Molley
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Kyle Mills
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Md Anwar Hossain
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA.
| | - Daniel Yelle
- USDA, Forest Products Laboratory, Madison, WI, 53726, USA
| | - Thana Maihom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Liberal Arts and Science, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Nakhon Pathom 73140, Thailand
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7
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Ji M, Chang C, Wu X, Zhu C. Photocatalytic intermolecular carboarylation of alkenes by selective C-O bond cleavage of diarylethers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:9240-9243. [PMID: 34519298 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc04038c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Disclosed herein is a novel radical-mediated intermolecular carboarylation of alkenes by cleaving inert C-O bonds. The strategically designed arylbenzothiazolylether diazonium salts are harnessed as dual-function reagents. A vast array of alkenes are proven to be suitable substrates. The benzothiazolyl moiety in the products serves as the formyl precursor, and the OH residue provides the cross-coupling site for further product elaboration, indicating the robust transformability of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meishan Ji
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Chenyang Chang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Xinxin Wu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Chen Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China. .,Key Laboratory of Synthetic Chemistry of Natural Substances, Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Science, 345 Lingling Road, Shanghai 200032, China
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8
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Arturi K, Rohrbach T, Vogel F, Bjelić S. High Yields of Aromatic Monomers from Acidolytic Oxidation of Kraft Lignin in a Biphasic System. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c01776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Arturi
- Energy and Environment Division, Laboratory for Bioenergy and Catalysis, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Rohrbach
- Energy and Environment Division, Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
| | - Frédéric Vogel
- Energy and Environment Division, Laboratory for Bioenergy and Catalysis, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
- Institute of Bioenergy and Resource Efficiency, University of Applied Sciences Northwestern Switzerland (FHNW), Klosterzelgstrasse 2, 5210 Windisch, Switzerland
| | - Saša Bjelić
- Energy and Environment Division, Laboratory for Bioenergy and Catalysis, Paul Scherrer Institute, Forschungsstrasse 111, 5232 Villigen PSI, Switzerland
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9
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Selective demethoxylation of guaiacol to alkylphenols in supercritical methanol over a HT-MoS2 catalyst. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Margarita C, Villo P, Tuñon H, Dalla-Santa O, Camaj D, Carlsson R, Lill M, Ramström A, Lundberg H. Zirconium-catalysed direct substitution of alcohols: enhancing the selectivity by kinetic analysis. Catal Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cy01219c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Kinetic analysis was used as a tool for rational optimization of catalytic direct substitution of alcohols to enable selective formation of ethers, thioethers, and Friedel–Crafts alkylation products using a moisture-tolerant and commercially available Zr complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiana Margarita
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Piret Villo
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hernando Tuñon
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oscar Dalla-Santa
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - David Camaj
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Robin Carlsson
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Malin Lill
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anja Ramström
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Teknikringen 30, S-10044 Stockholm, Sweden
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11
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Qiu Z, Li CJ. Transformations of Less-Activated Phenols and Phenol Derivatives via C–O Cleavage. Chem Rev 2020; 120:10454-10515. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zihang Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry and FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke Street West, Montreal, Quebec H3A 0B8, Canada
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12
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Product Distribution of Chemical Product Using Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin. BULLETIN OF CHEMICAL REACTION ENGINEERING & CATALYSIS 2020. [DOI: 10.9767/bcrec.15.2.7249.432-453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Lignin depolymerization is a very promising process which can generate value-added products from lignin raw materials. The main objective of lignin depolymerization is to convert the complex molecules of lignin into small molecules. Nevertheless, lignin is natural polymer which the molecules of lignin are extremely complicated due to their natural variability, and it will be a big challenge to depolymerize lignin, particularly high water yield. The various technology and methods are developed to depolymerize lignin into biofuels or bio chemical products including acid/base/metallic catalyzed lignin depolymerization, pyrolysis of lignin, hydroprocessing, and gasification. The distribution and yield of chemical products depend on the reaction operation condition, type of lignin and kind of catalyst. The reactor type, product distributions and specific chemicals (benzene, toluene, xylene, terephthalic acid) production of lignin depolymerization are intensive discussed in this review. Copyright © 2020 by Authors, Published by BCREC Group. This is an open access article under the CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).
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13
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Guan W, Tsang CW, Lin CSK, Len C, Hu H, Liang C. A review on high catalytic efficiency of solid acid catalysts for lignin valorization. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2020; 298:122432. [PMID: 31767425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 11/12/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
It is imminent to develop renewable resources to replace fossil-derived energies as fossil resources are on the brink of exhaustion. Lignin is one of the major components of lignocellulosic biomass, which is a natural amorphous three-dimensional polymer with abundant C-O bonds and aromatic structure. Hence, valorization of lignin into high value-added liquid fuels and chemicals is regarded as a promising strategy to mitigate fossil resource shortages. Solid acid catalysts are extensively studied due to environmentally friendly in terms of the ease of separation, recovery and reduced amount of wastes. Hence, this review focuses on summarizing the recent progress of catalytic valorization of lignin over different kinds of solid acid catalysts including zeolites, heteropolyacids, metal oxides, amorphous SiO2-Al2O3, metal phosphates, and Lewis acid. Based on reviewing of current progress of lignin conversion, the challenges and future prospects are emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixiang Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chi-Wing Tsang
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Technological and Higher Education Institute of Hong Kong, 20A Tsing Yi Road, Tsing Yi, Hong Kong China
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong China
| | - Christophe Len
- Chimie ParisTech, PSL Research University, CNRS, Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences, 11 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Haoquan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Changhai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
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14
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Wu MY, Lin JT, Xu ZQ, Hua TC, Lv YC, Liu YF, Pei RH, Wu Q, Liu MH. Selective catalytic degradation of a lignin model compound into phenol over transition metal sulfates. RSC Adv 2020; 10:3013-3019. [PMID: 35496085 PMCID: PMC9048635 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09706f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal salts were employed as the catalysts to improve the selective degradation of the α-O-4 lignin model compound (benzyl phenyl ether (BPE)) in the solvothermal system. The results concluded that most of the transition metal salts could enhance BPE degradation. Among which, NiSO4·6H2O exhibited the highest performance on BPE degradation (90.8%) for 5 h and phenol selectivity (53%) for 4 h at 200 °C. In addition, the GC-MS analysis indicated that the intermediates during BPE degradation included a series of aromatic compounds, such as phenol, benzyl methyl ether and benzyl alcohol. Furthermore, the mechanisms for BPE degradation and phenol selectivity in the NiSO4·6H2O system involved the synergetic effects between the acid catalysis and coordination catalysis, which caused the effective and selective cleavage of the C–O bonds. An efficient method for degradation of benzyl phenyl ether using NiSO4·6H2O as catalyst.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ya Wu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Jian-Tao Lin
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Zhuang-Qin Xu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Tian-Ci Hua
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Yuan-Cai Lv
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Rui-Han Pei
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Ming-Hua Liu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
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15
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Oregui-Bengoechea M, Agirre I, Iriondo A, Lopez-Urionabarrenechea A, Requies JM, Agirrezabal-Telleria I, Bizkarra K, Barrio VL, Cambra JF. Heterogeneous Catalyzed Thermochemical Conversion of Lignin Model Compounds: An Overview. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2019; 377:36. [PMID: 31728773 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-019-0260-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Thermochemical lignin conversion processes can be described as complex reaction networks involving not only de-polymerization and re-polymerization reactions, but also chemical transformations of the depolymerized mono-, di-, and oligomeric compounds. They typically result in a product mixture consisting of a gaseous, liquid (i.e., mono-, di-, and oligomeric products), and solid phase. Consequently, researchers have developed a common strategy to simplify this issue by replacing lignin with simpler, but still representative, lignin model compounds. This strategy is typically applied to the elucidation of reaction mechanisms and the exploration of novel lignin conversion approaches. In this review, we present a general overview of the latest advances in the principal thermochemical processes applied for the conversion of lignin model compounds using heterogeneous catalysts. This review focuses on the most representative lignin conversion methods, i.e., reductive, oxidative, pyrolytic, and hydrolytic processes. An additional subchapter on the reforming of pyrolysis oil model compounds has also been included. Special attention will be given to those research papers using "green" reactants (i.e., H2 or renewable hydrogen donor molecules in reductive processes or air/O2 in oxidative processes) and solvents, although less environmentally friendly chemicals will be also considered. Moreover, the scope of the review is limited to those most representative lignin model compounds and to those reaction products that are typically targeted in lignin valorization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikel Oregui-Bengoechea
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Ion Agirre
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Aitziber Iriondo
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Alexander Lopez-Urionabarrenechea
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jesus M Requies
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Iker Agirrezabal-Telleria
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Kepa Bizkarra
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - V Laura Barrio
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Jose F Cambra
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, University of the Basque Country EHU/UPV, Plaza Ingeniero Torres Quevedo 1, 48013, Bilbao, Spain
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16
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Zhang J, Lombardo L, Gözaydın G, Dyson PJ, Yan N. Single-step conversion of lignin monomers to phenol: Bridging the gap between lignin and high-value chemicals. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(18)63132-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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17
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Cao D, Zeng H, Li CJ. Formal Cross-Coupling of Diaryl Ethers with Ammonia by Dual C(Ar)–O Bond Cleavages. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b02214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huiying Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC H3A 0B8, Canada
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18
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Alternatives for Chemical and Biochemical Lignin Valorization: Hot Topics from a Bibliometric Analysis of the Research Published During the 2000–2016 Period. Processes (Basel) 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/pr6080098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
A complete bibliometric analysis of the Scopus database was performed to identify the research trends related to lignin valorization from 2000 to 2016. The results from this analysis revealed an exponentially increasing number of publications and a high relevance of interdisciplinary collaboration. The simultaneous valorization of the three main components of lignocellulosic biomass (cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin) has been revealed as a key aspect and optimal pretreatment is required for the subsequent lignin valorization. Research covers the determination of the lignin structure, isolation, and characterization; depolymerization by thermal and thermochemical methods; chemical, biochemical and biological conversion of depolymerized lignin; and lignin applications. Most methods for lignin depolymerization are focused on the selective cleavage of the β-O-4 linkage. Although many depolymerization methods have been developed, depolymerization with sodium hydroxide is the dominant process at industrial scale. Oxidative conversion of lignin is the most used method for the chemical lignin upgrading. Lignin uses can be classified according to its structure into lignin-derived aromatic compounds, lignin-derived carbon materials and lignin-derived polymeric materials. There are many advances in all approaches, but lignin-derived polymeric materials appear as a promising option.
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19
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Promoting Effect of Boron on the Stability and Activity of Ni/Mo2C Catalyst for Hydrogenation of Alkali Lignin. Catal Letters 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10562-018-2395-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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20
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Zeng H, Cao D, Qiu Z, Li CJ. Palladium-Catalyzed Formal Cross-Coupling of Diaryl Ethers with Amines: Slicing the 4-O
-5 Linkage in Lignin Models. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Dawei Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Zihang Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
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21
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Zeng H, Cao D, Qiu Z, Li CJ. Palladium-Catalyzed Formal Cross-Coupling of Diaryl Ethers with Amines: Slicing the 4-O
-5 Linkage in Lignin Models. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:3752-3757. [PMID: 29384588 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Zeng
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Dawei Cao
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
| | - Zihang Qiu
- Department of Chemistry and FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
| | - Chao-Jun Li
- The State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry; Lanzhou University; 222 Tianshui Road Lanzhou 730000 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry and FQRNT Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis; McGill University; 801 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal Quebec H3A 0B8 Canada
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22
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Wang H, Wang H, Kuhn E, Tucker MP, Yang B. Production of Jet Fuel-Range Hydrocarbons from Hydrodeoxygenation of Lignin over Super Lewis Acid Combined with Metal Catalysts. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:285-291. [PMID: 29136337 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201701567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Super Lewis acids containing the triflate anion [e.g., Hf(OTf)4 , Ln(OTf)3 , In(OTf)3 , Al(OTf)3 ] and noble metal catalysts (e.g., Ru/C, Ru/Al2 O3 ) formed efficient catalytic systems to generate saturated hydrocarbons from lignin in high yields. In such catalytic systems, the metal triflates mediated rapid ether bond cleavage through selective bonding to etheric oxygens while the noble metal catalyzed subsequent hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) reactions. Near theoretical yields of hydrocarbons were produced from lignin model compounds by the combined catalysis of Hf(OTf)4 and ruthenium-based catalysts. When a technical lignin derived from a pilot-scale biorefinery was used, more than 30 wt % of the hydrocarbons produced with this catalytic system were cyclohexane and alkylcyclohexanes in the jet fuel range. Super Lewis acids are postulated to strongly interact with lignin substrates by protonating hydroxyl groups and ether linkages, forming intermediate species that enhance hydrogenation catalysis by supported noble metal catalysts. Meanwhile, the hydrogenation of aromatic rings by the noble metal catalysts can promote deoxygenation reactions catalyzed by super Lewis acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongliang Wang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
- Current address: Center of Biomass Engineering/College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, PR China
| | - Huamin Wang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
| | - Eric Kuhn
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Melvin P Tucker
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, Washington State University, Richland, WA, 99354, USA
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23
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24
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Podschun J, Saake B, Lehnen R. Catalytic demethylation of organosolv lignin in aqueous medium using indium triflate under microwave irradiation. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Decomposition of a β-O-4 lignin model compound over solid Cs-substituted polyoxometalates in anhydrous ethanol: acidity or redox property dependence? CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(17)62854-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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26
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Wang JK, Seibert M. Prospects for commercial production of diatoms. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2017; 10:16. [PMID: 28115988 PMCID: PMC5241979 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-017-0699-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In this review, a simple procedure that portends the open-pond growth of commercially viable diatoms is discussed. We examined a number of topics relevant to the production and harvesting of diatoms as well as topics concerning the production of bioproducts from diatoms. Among the former topics, we show that it is currently possible to continuously grow diatoms and control the presence of invasive species without chemical toxins at an average annual yield of 132 MT dry diatoms ha-1 over a period of almost 5 years, while maintaining the dominancy of the optimal diatom species on a seasonal basis. The dominant species varies during the year. The production of microalgae is essentially agriculture, but without the ability to control invasive species in the absence of herbicides and insecticides, pollution and production costs would be prohibitive. Among the latter topics are the discussions of whether it is better to produce lipids and then convert them to biofuels or maximize the production of diatom biomass and then convert it to biocrude products using, for example, hydrothermal processes. It is becoming increasingly evident that without massive public support, the commercial production of microalgal biofuels alone will remain elusive. While economically competitive production of biofuels from diatoms will be difficult, when priority is given to multiple high-value products, including wastewater treatment, and when biofuels are considered co-products in a systems approach to commercial production of diatoms, an economically competitive process will become more likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaw-Kai Wang
- Shenzhen Jawkai Bioengineering R&D Center, Inc., Building #9, Marine Biotech Industrial Park, Dapeng District, Shenzhen, 518120 China
| | - Michael Seibert
- National Renewable Energy Laboratory, BioEnergy Science and Technology Directorate, Golden, CO 80401 USA
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27
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Jastrzebski R, Constant S, Lancefield CS, Westwood NJ, Weckhuysen BM, Bruijnincx PCA. Tandem Catalytic Depolymerization of Lignin by Water-Tolerant Lewis Acids and Rhodium Complexes. CHEMSUSCHEM 2016; 9:2074-9. [PMID: 27440544 PMCID: PMC5129541 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201600683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2016] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is an attractive renewable feedstock for aromatic bulk and fine chemicals production, provided that suitable depolymerization procedures are developed. Here, we describe a tandem catalysis strategy for ether linkage cleavage within lignin, involving ether hydrolysis by water-tolerant Lewis acids followed by aldehyde decarbonylation by a Rh complex. In situ decarbonylation of the reactive aldehydes limits loss of monomers by recondensation, a major issue in acid-catalyzed lignin depolymerization. Rate of hydrolysis and decarbonylation were matched using lignin model compounds, allowing the method to be successfully applied to softwood, hardwood, and herbaceous dioxasolv lignins, as well as poplar sawdust, to give the anticipated decarbonylation products and, rather surprisingly, 4-(1-propenyl)phenols. Promisingly, product selectivity can be tuned by variation of the Lewis-acid strength and lignin source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Jastrzebski
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Constant
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher S Lancefield
- School of Chemistry and Biomedical Science Research Complex, University of St. Andrews and EaStCHEM, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas J Westwood
- School of Chemistry and Biomedical Science Research Complex, University of St. Andrews and EaStCHEM, North Haugh, St. Andrews, Fife, KY16 9ST, United Kingdom
| | - Bert M Weckhuysen
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pieter C A Bruijnincx
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584 CG, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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28
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Güvenatam B, Heeres EH, Pidko EA, Hensen EJ. Lewis acid-catalyzed depolymerization of soda lignin in supercritical ethanol/water mixtures. Catal Today 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2015.08.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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29
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Güvenatam B, Heeres EH, Pidko EA, Hensen EJ. Decomposition of lignin model compounds by Lewis acid catalysts in water and ethanol. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2015.09.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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30
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Li C, Zhao X, Wang A, Huber GW, Zhang T. Catalytic Transformation of Lignin for the Production of Chemicals and Fuels. Chem Rev 2015; 115:11559-624. [PMID: 26479313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1000] [Impact Index Per Article: 111.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Changzhi Li
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
| | - Xiaochen Zhao
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
| | - George W Huber
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China.,Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison , Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laborotary of Catalysis, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023, China
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31
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Selective activation of the C–O bonds in lignocellulosic biomass for the efficient production of chemicals. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(15)60923-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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32
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Jin S, Xiao Z, Chen X, Wang L, Guo J, Zhang M, Liang C. Cleavage of Lignin-Derived 4-O-5 Aryl Ethers over Nickel Nanoparticles Supported on Niobic Acid-Activated Carbon Composites. Ind Eng Chem Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/ie504600f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shaohua Jin
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials
and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Zihui Xiao
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials
and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Xiao Chen
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials
and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials
and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Jin Guo
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials
and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Miao Zhang
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials
and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Changhai Liang
- Laboratory
of Advanced Materials
and Catalytic Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
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33
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Zhang B, Li C, Dai T, Huber GW, Wang A, Zhang T. Microwave-assisted fast conversion of lignin model compounds and organosolv lignin over methyltrioxorhenium in ionic liquids. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra18738a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Fast depolymerization of β-O-4 model compounds and organosolv lignin to aromatic chemicals over methyltrioxorhenium in ionic liquids without oxidant/reducing agent under microwave irradiation is developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Changzhi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Tao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - George W. Huber
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Aiqin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis
- Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Dalian 116023
- China
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