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Atta AM, Azzam EMS, Alenezi KM, El Moll H, Mechi L, El-Sofany WI. New Epoxy and Hardener System Based on an Imidazolium Ionic Liquid as an Anticorrosive Coating for Steel in the Marine Environment. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:16315-16326. [PMID: 37179644 PMCID: PMC10173445 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c00979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
The large sizes of cations and anions of organic salts are the driving force for the application of ionic liquids (organic salts) in harsh salty conditions. Moreover, the formation of crosslinked ionic liquid networks as anti-rust and anticorrosion protective films on the substrate surfaces repels seawater salt and water vapor from their surface to prevent corrosion. In this respect, an imidazolium epoxy resin and polyamine hardener as ionic liquids were prepared by the condensation of either pentaethylenehexamine or ethanolamine with glyoxal and p-hydroxybenzaldehyde or formalin in acetic acid as a catalyst. The hydroxyl and phenol groups of the imidazolium ionic liquid were reacted with epichlorohydrine in the presence of NaOH as a catalyst to prepare polyfunctional epoxy resins. The chemical structure, nitrogen content, amine value, epoxy equivalent weight, thermal characteristics, and stability of the imidazolium epoxy resin and polyamine hardener were evaluated. Moreover, their curing and thermomechanical properties were investigated to confirm the formation of homogeneous, elastic, and thermally stable cured epoxy networks. The corrosion inhibition and salt spray resistance of the uncured and cured imidazolium epoxy resin and polyamine as coatings for steel in seawater were evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayman M. Atta
- Petroleum
Application Department, Egyptian Petroleum
Research Institute, Nasr City, 11727 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eid. M. S. Azzam
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University
of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalaf M. Alenezi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University
of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Hani El Moll
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University
of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Lassaad Mechi
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University
of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
| | - Walaa I. El-Sofany
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Sciences, University
of Ha’il, Ha’il 81451, Kingdom
of Saudi Arabia
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2
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Livi S, Baudoux J, Gérard JF, Duchet-Rumeau J. Ionic Liquids: A Versatile Platform for the Design of a Multifunctional Epoxy Networks 2.0 Generation. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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3
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Shim Y, Shim M, Kim DS. A Computer Simulation Study of Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Poly(Ionic Liquid)s. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12050450. [PMID: 35629776 PMCID: PMC9143233 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12050450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Thermal and mechanical properties of poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs), an epoxidized ionic liquid-amine network, are studied via molecular dynamics simulations. The poly(ionic liquid)s are designed with two different ionic liquid monomers, 3-[2-(Oxiran-2-yl)ethyl]-1-{4-[(2-oxiran-2-yl)ethoxy]phenyl}imidazolium (EIM2) and 1-{4-[2-(Oxiran-2-yl)ethyl]phenyl}-3-{4-[2-(oxiran-2-yl)ethoxy]benzyl}imidazolium (EIM1), each of which is networked with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine, paired with different anions, bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (TFSI−) and chloride (Cl−). We investigate how ionic liquid monomers with high ionic strength affect structures of the cross-linked polymer networks and their thermomechanical properties such as glass transition temperature (Tg) and elastic moduli, varying the degree of cross-linking. Strong electrostatic interactions between the cationic polymer backbone and anions build up their strong structures of which the strength depends on their molecular structures and anion size. As the anion size decreases from TFSI− to Cl−, both Tg and elastic moduli of the PIL increase due to stronger electrostatic interactions present between their ionic moieties, making it favorable for the PIL to organize with stronger bindings. Compared to the EIM2 monomer, the EIM1 monomers and TFSI− ions generate a PIL with higher Tg and elastic moduli. This attributes to the less flexible structure of the EIM1 monomer for the chain rotation, in which steric hindrance by ring moieties in the EIM1-based PIL enhances their structural rigidity. The π-π stacking structures between the rings are found to increase in EIM1-based PIL compared to the EIM2-based one, which becomes stronger with smaller Cl− ion rather than TFSI−. The effect of the degree of the cross-linking on thermal and mechanical properties is also examined. As the degree of cross-linking decreases from 100% to 60%, Tg also decreases by a factor of 10–20%, where the difference among the given PILs becomes decreased with a lower degree of cross-linking. Both the Young’s (E) and shear (G) moduli of all the PILs decrease with degree of cross-linking, which the reduction is more significant for the PIL generated with EIM2 monomers. Transport properties of anions in PILs are also studied. Anions are almost immobilized globally with very small structural fluctuations, in which Cl− presents lower diffusivity by a factor of ~2 compared to TFSI− due to their stronger binding to the cationic polymer backbone.
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4
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Wanghofer F, Wolfberger A, Wolfahrt M, Schlögl S. Cross-Linking and Evaluation of the Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of Epoxy Based Poly(ionic Liquid) Thermosets. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3914. [PMID: 34833212 PMCID: PMC8620924 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ionic liquids) (PILs) and ionenes are polymers containing ionic groups in their repeating units. The unique properties of these polymers render them as interesting candidates for a variety of applications, such as gas separation membranes and polyelectrolytes. Due to the vast number of possible structures, numerous synthesis protocols to produce monomers with different functional groups for task-specific PILs are reported in literature. A difunctional epoxy-IL resin was synthesized and cured with multifunctional amine and anhydride hardeners and the thermal and thermomechanical properties of the networks were assessed via differential scanning calorimetry and dynamic mechanical analysis. By the selection of suitable hardeners, the glass transition onset temperature (Tg,onset) of the resulting networks was varied between 18 °C and 99 °C. Copolymerization of epoxy-IL with diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A (DGEBA) led to a further increase of the Tg,onset. The results demonstrate the potential of epoxy chemistry for tailorable PIL networks, where the hardener takes the place of the ligands without requiring an additional synthesis step and can be chosen from a broad range of commercially available compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Archim Wolfberger
- Polymer Competence Center Leoben GmbH, Roseggerstraße 12, 8700 Leoben, Austria; (F.W.); (M.W.); (S.S.)
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5
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Selective membrane separation of CO2 using novel epichlorohydrin-amine-based crosslinked protic ionic liquids: Crosslinking mechanism and enhanced salting-out effect. J CO2 UTIL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2021.101473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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6
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Friess K, Izák P, Kárászová M, Pasichnyk M, Lanč M, Nikolaeva D, Luis P, Jansen JC. A Review on Ionic Liquid Gas Separation Membranes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:97. [PMID: 33573138 PMCID: PMC7911519 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Ionic liquids have attracted the attention of the industry and research community as versatile solvents with unique properties, such as ionic conductivity, low volatility, high solubility of gases and vapors, thermal stability, and the possibility to combine anions and cations to yield an almost endless list of different structures. These features open perspectives for numerous applications, such as the reaction medium for chemical synthesis, electrolytes for batteries, solvent for gas sorption processes, and also membranes for gas separation. In the search for better-performing membrane materials and membranes for gas and vapor separation, ionic liquids have been investigated extensively in the last decade and a half. This review gives a complete overview of the main developments in the field of ionic liquid membranes since their first introduction. It covers all different materials, membrane types, their preparation, pure and mixed gas transport properties, and examples of potential gas separation applications. Special systems will also be discussed, including facilitated transport membranes and mixed matrix membranes. The main strengths and weaknesses of the different membrane types will be discussed, subdividing them into supported ionic liquid membranes (SILMs), poly(ionic liquids) or polymerized ionic liquids (PILs), polymer/ionic liquid blends (physically or chemically cross-linked 'ion-gels'), and PIL/IL blends. Since membrane processes are advancing as an energy-efficient alternative to traditional separation processes, having shown promising results for complex new separation challenges like carbon capture as well, they may be the key to developing a more sustainable future society. In this light, this review presents the state-of-the-art of ionic liquid membranes, to analyze their potential in the gas separation processes of the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karel Friess
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.F.); (P.I.); (M.L.)
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Pavel Izák
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.F.); (P.I.); (M.L.)
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Magda Kárászová
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Mariia Pasichnyk
- Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Chemical Process Fundamentals, Rozvojová 135, 165 02 Prague, Czech Republic; (M.K.); (M.P.)
| | - Marek Lanč
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Technická 5, 166 28 Prague, Czech Republic; (K.F.); (P.I.); (M.L.)
| | - Daria Nikolaeva
- Materials & Process Engineering, UCLouvain, Place Sainte Barbe 2, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; (D.N.); (P.L.)
| | - Patricia Luis
- Materials & Process Engineering, UCLouvain, Place Sainte Barbe 2, 1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; (D.N.); (P.L.)
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7
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Influence of Anion Structure on Thermal, Mechanical and CO 2 Solubility Properties of UV-Cross-Linked Poly(ethylene glycol) Diacrylate Iongels. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10030046. [PMID: 32192181 PMCID: PMC7143667 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Iongel-based CO2 separation membranes were prepared by fast (< 1 min) UV-initiated polymerization of poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) in the presence of different ionic liquids (ILs) with the [C2mim]+ cation and anions such as [TFSI]-, [FSI]-, [C(CN)3]- and [B(CN)4]-. The four ILs were completely miscible with the non-ionic PEGDA network. Transparent and free-standing iongels containing between 60 and 90 %wt of IL were obtained and characterized by diverse techniques (FTIR, TGA, DSC, DMTA, SEM, CO2 solubility and pure gas permeability). The thermal and mechanical stability of the iongels, as well as CO2 solubility, were found to be strictly dependent on the IL content and the anion's nature. The TGA results indicated that the iongels mostly follow the thermal profile of the respective neat ILs. The DMTA analysis revealed that the iongels based on fluorinated anions have higher storage modulus than those of cyano-functionalized anions. Conversely, the PEGDA-C(CN)3 iongels presented the highest CO2 solubility values ranging from 72 to 80 mmol/g. Single CO2 permeabilities of 583 ± 29 Barrer and ideal CO2/N2 selectivities of 66 ± 3 were obtained with the PEGDA-70 C(CN)3 iongel membrane. This work demonstrates that the combination of PEGDA with high contents of the best performing ILs is a promising and simple strategy, opening up new possibilities in the design of high-performance iongel membranes for CO2 separation.
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8
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Long Y, Liu S, Ma X, Lu L, He Y, Deng Y. One-pot synthesis of 1-butylpyrrolidine and its derivatives from aqueous ammonia and 1,4-butandiol over CuNiPd/ZSM-5 catalysts. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj02224a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A straightforward and economical route for 1-butylpyrrolidine over CuNiPd/ZSM-5 catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Long
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Shimin Liu
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Xiangyuan Ma
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Liujin Lu
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Yude He
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
| | - Youquan Deng
- Centre for Green Chemistry and Catalysis
- State Key Laboratory for Oxo Synthesis and Selective Oxidation
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication
- Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
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9
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Jourdain A, Obadia MM, Duchet-Rumeau J, Bernard J, Serghei A, Tournilhac F, Pascault JP, Drockenmuller E. Comparison of poly(ethylene glycol)-based networks obtained by cationic ring opening polymerization of neutral and 1,2,3-triazolium diepoxy monomers. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py01923e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The properties of two cross-linked epoxy networks obtained by ring opening polymerization of a synthetic diepoxy 1,2,3-triazolium and a commercial poly(ethylene glycol)diglycidyl ether using benzylamine trifluoroborate as cationic initiator are compared.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mona M. Obadia
- Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
- Lyon
| | | | - Julien Bernard
- Univ Lyon
- INSA Lyon
- CNRS
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
- Lyon
| | - Anatoli Serghei
- Lyon
- Université Lyon 1
- CNRS
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
- Lyon
| | - François Tournilhac
- Molecular
- Macromolecular Chemistry
- and Materials
- ESPCI Paris
- PSL Research University
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10
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Radchenko AV, Duchet-Rumeau J, Gérard JF, Baudoux J, Livi S. Cycloaliphatic epoxidized ionic liquids as new versatile monomers for the development of shape memory PIL networks by 3D printing. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00704h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Efficient synthesis of cycloaliphatic epoxy IL monomers followed by thermal curing to obtain shape-memory hydrophobic PIL networks is reported for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jérôme Baudoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie Moléculaire et Thio-organique
- ENSICAEN
- Université de Normandie
- CNRS
- 14050 Caen
| | - Sébastien Livi
- Université de Lyon
- CNRS
- UMR 5223
- Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères
- INSA Lyon
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11
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Yin J, Zhang C, Yu Y, Hao T, Wang H, Ding X, Meng J. Tuning the microstructure of crosslinked Poly(ionic liquid) membranes and gels via a multicomponent reaction for improved CO2 capture performance. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2019.117405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Vollas A, Chouliaras T, Deimede V, Ioannides T, Kallitsis J. New Pyridinium Type Poly(Ionic Liquids) as Membranes for CO₂ Separation. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:polym10080912. [PMID: 30960837 PMCID: PMC6403706 DOI: 10.3390/polym10080912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 08/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New pyridinium based PILs have been prepared by modification of their precursors based on high molecular weight aromatic polyethers bearing main chain pyridine units. The proposed methodology involves the conversion of the precursors to their ionic analogues via N-methylation reaction, followed by anion exchange methathesis reaction to result in PILs with the desirable anions (tetrafluoroborate and bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide). These PILs show excellent thermal stability, excellent mechanical properties, and most importantly can form very thin, free standing films with minimum thickness of 3 μm. As expected, the PIL containing the TFSI− anion showed improved CO2 and CH4 permeabilities compared to its analogue containing the BF4−. PIL-IL composites membranes have also been prepared using the same PIL and different percentages of pyridinium based IL where it was shown that the membrane with the highest IL weight percentage (45 wt %) showed the highest CO2 permeability (11.8 Barrer) and a high CO2/CH4 ideal selectivity of 35 at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Valadoula Deimede
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Theophilos Ioannides
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (FORTH/ICE-HT), GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
| | - Joannis Kallitsis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
- Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Institute of Chemical Engineering Sciences (FORTH/ICE-HT), GR-26504 Patras, Greece.
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13
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Lee S, Park SC, Kim TY, Kang SW, Kang YS. Direct molecular interaction of CO2 with KTFSI dissolved in Pebax 2533 and their use in facilitated CO2 transport membranes. J Memb Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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14
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Chisca S, Torsello M, Avanzato M, Xie Y, Boi C, Nunes SP. Highly porous polytriazole ion exchange membranes cast from solutions in non-toxic cosolvents. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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15
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Friess K, Lanč M, Pilnáček K, Fíla V, Vopička O, Sedláková Z, Cowan MG, McDanel WM, Noble RD, Gin DL, Izak P. CO2/CH4 separation performance of ionic-liquid-based epoxy-amine ion gel membranes under mixed feed conditions relevant to biogas processing. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2017.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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16
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Dai Z, Ansaloni L, Gin DL, Noble RD, Deng L. Facile fabrication of CO2 separation membranes by cross-linking of poly(ethylene glycol) diglycidyl ether with a diamine and a polyamine-based ionic liquid. J Memb Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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17
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Jiang L, Hu K, Liu Z, Yuan Y, Zhou C, Lei J. Aliphatic Diamide as Novel Asphalt-Modified Epoxy Curing Agent for Enhanced Performance. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/adv.21726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Kai Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Zhimeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Ye Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Changlin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
| | - Jingxin Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering; Polymer Research Institute of Sichuan University; Chengdu 610065 China
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18
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Cowan MG, Gin DL, Noble RD. Poly(ionic liquid)/Ionic Liquid Ion-Gels with High "Free" Ionic Liquid Content: Platform Membrane Materials for CO2/Light Gas Separations. Acc Chem Res 2016; 49:724-32. [PMID: 27046045 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.5b00547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The recycling or sequestration of carbon dioxide (CO2) from the waste gas of fossil-fuel power plants is widely acknowledged as one of the most realistic strategies for delaying or avoiding the severest environmental, economic, political, and social consequences that will result from global climate change and ocean acidification. For context, in 2013 coal and natural gas power plants accounted for roughly 31% of total U.S. CO2 emissions. Recycling or sequestering this CO2 would reduce U.S. emissions by ca. 1800 million metric tons-easily meeting the U.S.'s currently stated CO2 reduction targets of ca. 17% relative to 2005 levels by 2020. This situation is similar for many developed and developing nations, many of which officially target a 20% reduction relative to 1990 baseline levels by 2020. To make CO2 recycling or sequestration processes technologically and economically viable, the CO2 must first be separated from the rest of the waste gas mixture-which is comprised mostly of nitrogen gas and water (ca. 85%). Of the many potential separation technologies available, membrane technology is particularly attractive due to its low energy operating cost, low maintenance, smaller equipment footprint, and relatively facile retrofit integration with existing power plant designs. From a techno-economic standpoint, the separation of CO2 from flue gas requires membranes that can process extremely high amounts of CO2 over a short time period, a property defined as the membrane "permeance". In contrast, the membrane's CO2/N2 selectivity has only a minor effect on the overall cost of some separation processes once a threshold permeability selectivity of ca. 20 is reached. Given the above criteria, the critical properties when developing membrane materials for postcombustion CO2 separation are CO2 permeability (i.e., the rate of CO2 transport normalized to the material thickness), a reasonable CO2/N2 selectivity (≥20), and the ability to be processed into defect-free thin-films (ca. 100-nm-thick active layer). Traditional polymeric membrane materials are limited by a trade-off between permeability and selectivity empirically described by the "Robeson upper bound"-placing the desired membrane properties beyond reach. Therefore, the investigation of advanced and composite materials that can overcome the limitations of traditional polymeric materials is the focus of significant academic and industrial research. In particular, there has been substantial work on ionic-liquid (IL)-based materials due to their gas transport properties. This review provides an overview of our collaborative work on developing poly(ionic liquid)/ionic liquid (PIL/IL) ion-gel membrane technology. We detail developmental work on the preparation of PIL/IL composites and describe how this chemical technology was adapted to allow the roll-to-roll processing and preparation of membranes with defect-free active layers ca. 100 nm thick, CO2 permeances of over 6000 GPU, and CO2/N2 selectivity of ≥20-properties with the potential to reduce the cost of CO2 removal from coal-fired power plant flue gas to ca. $15 per ton of CO2 captured. Additionally, we examine the materials developments that have produced advanced PIL/IL composite membranes. These advancements include cross-linked PIL/IL blends, step-growth PIL/IL networks with facilitated transport groups, and PIL/IL composites with microporous additives for CO2/CH4 separations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Cowan
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Douglas L. Gin
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Richard D. Noble
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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19
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Ly Nguyen TK, Obadia MM, Serghei A, Livi S, Duchet-Rumeau J, Drockenmuller E. 1,2,3-Triazolium-Based Epoxy-Amine Networks: Ion-Conducting Polymer Electrolytes. Macromol Rapid Commun 2016; 37:1168-74. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201600018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2016] [Revised: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Khanh Ly Nguyen
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; INSA, Lyon, CNRS; Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223; F-69003 Lyon France
| | - Mona Marie Obadia
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; INSA, Lyon, CNRS; Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223; F-69003 Lyon France
| | - Anatoli Serghei
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; INSA, Lyon, CNRS; Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223; F-69003 Lyon France
| | - Sébastien Livi
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; INSA, Lyon, CNRS; Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223; F-69003 Lyon France
| | - Jannick Duchet-Rumeau
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; INSA, Lyon, CNRS; Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223; F-69003 Lyon France
| | - Eric Drockenmuller
- Univ Lyon, Université Lyon 1; INSA, Lyon, CNRS; Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, UMR 5223; F-69003 Lyon France
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Saurín N, Sanes J, Carrión FJ, Bermúdez MD. Self-healing of abrasion damage on epoxy resin controlled by ionic liquid. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra05503f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A conventional epoxy resin thermoset has been modified with ionic liquid concentrations from 7 to 12 wt% to obtain softer, more ductile materials with self-healing ability for surface abrasion damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Saurín
- Grupo de Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales y Fabricación
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
- 30202-Cartagena
- Spain
| | - J. Sanes
- Grupo de Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales y Fabricación
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
- 30202-Cartagena
- Spain
| | - F. J. Carrión
- Grupo de Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales y Fabricación
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
- 30202-Cartagena
- Spain
| | - M. D. Bermúdez
- Grupo de Ciencia de Materiales e Ingeniería Metalúrgica
- Departamento de Ingeniería de Materiales y Fabricación
- Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena
- 30202-Cartagena
- Spain
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21
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Tomé LC, Marrucho IM. Ionic liquid-based materials: a platform to design engineered CO2 separation membranes. Chem Soc Rev 2016; 45:2785-824. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cs00510h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This review provides a judicious assessment of the CO2 separation efficiency of membranes using ionic liquid-based materials and highlights breakthroughs and key challenges in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliana C. Tomé
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
| | - Isabel M. Marrucho
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier
- Universidade Nova de Lisboa
- 2780-157 Oeiras
- Portugal
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22
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Fixed-site-carrier facilitated transport of carbon dioxide through ionic-liquid-based epoxy-amine ion gel membranes. J Memb Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2015.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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