1
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Gupta J, Tomovska R, Aguirre M. Overcoming Challenges of Incorporation of Biobased Dibutyl Itaconate in (Meth)acrylic Waterborne Polymers. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:5310-5320. [PMID: 39083753 PMCID: PMC11323018 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.4c00739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/24/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Polymeric derivatives of itaconic acid are gaining interest as biobased alternatives to petroleum-based monomers due to their versatility, renewable nature, commercial availability, and cost-effectiveness. Itaconate ester monomer's challenges incorporating in (meth)acrylic waterborne polymers are the low propagation rate, unfavorable reactivity ratios, and the depropagation process. To overcome these challenges, the seeded semibatch emulsion polymerization of 100% biobased dibutyl itaconate, methyl methacrylate, and butyl acrylate was investigated at different temperatures. Consequently, 30 wt % DBI was successfully incorporated within waterborne (meth)acrylates in short reaction times (4 h), obtaining high DBI incorporation (>90%). The results demonstrate that DBI incorporation influences the instantaneous monomer conversion, polymer's microstructure, and mechanical properties. By incorporating a biobased itaconate cross-linker, kinetics and mechanical characteristics of the polymers were improved. This combined approach can be implemented without altering industrial processes, resolving the commercialization dilemma for itaconate monomers to synthesize high-performance biobased polymers for adhesive and coating industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Gupta
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Aplikatua Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Radmila Tomovska
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Aplikatua Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Plaza Euskadi 5, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Miren Aguirre
- POLYMAT,
Kimika Aplikatua Saila, Kimika Fakultatea, University of the Basque Country UPV-EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Zentroa, Tolosa Hiribidea 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
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2
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Jones GR, Wang HS, Parkatzidis K, Whitfield R, Truong NP, Anastasaki A. Reversed Controlled Polymerization (RCP): Depolymerization from Well-Defined Polymers to Monomers. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:9898-9915. [PMID: 37127289 PMCID: PMC10176471 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Controlled polymerization methods are well-established synthetic protocols for the design and preparation of polymeric materials with a high degree of precision over molar mass and architecture. Exciting recent work has shown that the high end-group fidelity and/or functionality inherent in these techniques can enable new routes to depolymerization under relatively mild conditions. Converting polymers back to pure monomers by depolymerization is a potential solution to the environmental and ecological concerns associated with the ultimate fate of polymers. This perspective focuses on the emerging field of depolymerization from polymers synthesized by controlled polymerizations including radical, ionic, and metathesis polymerizations. We provide a critical review of current literature categorized according to polymerization technique and explore numerous concepts and ideas which could be implemented to further enhance depolymerization including lower temperature systems, catalytic depolymerization, increasing polymer scope, and controlled depolymerization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glen R Jones
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hyun Suk Wang
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Kostas Parkatzidis
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Richard Whitfield
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Nghia P Truong
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Athina Anastasaki
- Laboratory for Polymeric Materials, Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
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3
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Martinez MR, Schild D, De Luca Bossa F, Matyjaszewski K. Depolymerization of Polymethacrylates by Iron ATRP. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Dirk Schild
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Ferdinando De Luca Bossa
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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4
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Martinez MR, De Luca Bossa F, Olszewski M, Matyjaszewski K. Copper(II) Chloride/Tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine-Catalyzed Depolymerization of Poly(n-butyl methacrylate). Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael R. Martinez
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Ferdinando De Luca Bossa
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Mateusz Olszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
| | - Krzysztof Matyjaszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, United States
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5
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Nasresfahani A, Hutchinson RA. Deterministic Approach to Estimate Functionality of Chains Produced by Radical Copolymerization in the Presence of Secondary Reactions. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Nasresfahani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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6
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Laki S, A. Shamsabadi A, Riazi H, Grady MC, Rappe AM, Soroush M. Experimental and Mechanistic Modeling Study of Self-Initiated High-Temperature Polymerization of Ethyl Acrylate. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Laki
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Ahmad A. Shamsabadi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Hossein Riazi
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Michael C. Grady
- Axalta Coating Systems, Global Innovation
Center, Navy Yard, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19112, United States
| | - Andrew M. Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Masoud Soroush
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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7
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Hernández‐Ortiz JC, Van Steenberge PHM, Duchateau JNE, Toloza C, Schreurs F, Reyniers M, Marin GB, D'hooge DR. The Relevance of Multi‐Injection and Temperature Profiles to Design Multi‐Phase Reactive Processing of Polyolefins. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201900035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guy B. Marin
- Laboratory for Chemical TechnologyGhent University Technologiepark 914 B‐9052 Ghent Belgium
| | - Dagmar R. D'hooge
- Laboratory for Chemical TechnologyGhent University Technologiepark 914 B‐9052 Ghent Belgium
- Centre for Textile Science and EngineeringGhent University Technologiepark 907 B‐9052 Ghent Belgium
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8
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Van Steenberge PHM, Hutchinson RA. Design of 2‐hydroxyethyl methacrylate‐functional macromonomer dispersants by semi‐batch cobalt chain transfer polymerization. AIChE J 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.16723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dupuis Hall Queen's University Kingston Ontario Canada
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9
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Tsagkalias IS, Vlachou A, Verros GD, Achilias DS. Effect of Graphene oxide or Functionalized Graphene Oxide on the Copolymerization Kinetics of Styrene/n-butyl Methacrylate. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11060999. [PMID: 31167490 PMCID: PMC6630914 DOI: 10.3390/polym11060999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanocomposite materials based on copolymers of styrene and n-butyl methacrylate with either graphene oxide (GO) or functionalized graphene oxide (F-GO) were synthesized using the in-situ bulk radical copolymerization technique. Reaction kinetics was studied both experimentally and theoretically using a detailed kinetic model also taking into account the effect of diffusion-controlled phenomena on the reaction kinetic rate constants. It was found that the presence of GO results in lower polymerization rates accompanied by the synthesis of copolymers having higher average molecular weights. In contrast, the presence of F-GO did not seem to significantly alter the conversion vs time curves, whereas it results in slightly lower average molecular weights. The first observation was attributed to side reactions of the initiator primary radicals with the hydroxyl groups on the surface of GO, resulting in lower initiator efficiency, whereas the second to grafted structures formed from copolymer macromolecules on the F-GO surface. The copolymerization model predictions including MWD data were found to be in satisfactory agreement with the experimental data. At least four adjustable parameters were employed and their best-fit values were provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis S Tsagkalias
- Laboratory of Polymer and Dyes Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Afrodite Vlachou
- Laboratory of Polymer and Dyes Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - George D Verros
- Laboratory of Polymer and Dyes Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Dimitris S Achilias
- Laboratory of Polymer and Dyes Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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10
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Zhang M, Hutchinson RA. Modeling the Synthesis of Butyl Methacrylate Macromonomer by Sequential ATRP‐CCTP. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201800062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Zhang
- Department of Chemical EngineeringQueen’s University 19 Division St., Dupuis Hall Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical EngineeringQueen’s University 19 Division St., Dupuis Hall Kingston Ontario K7L 3N6 Canada
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11
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Hernández-Ortiz JC, Van Steenberge PHM, Duchateau JNE, Toloza C, Schreurs F, Reyniers MF, Marin GB, D’hooge DR. Sensitivity Analysis of Single-Phase Isothermal Free Radical-Induced Grafting of Polyethylene. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201800036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Guy B. Marin
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology; Ghent University; Technologiepark 914 B-9052 Ghent Belgium
| | - Dagmar R. D’hooge
- Laboratory for Chemical Technology; Ghent University; Technologiepark 914 B-9052 Ghent Belgium
- Centre for Textile Science and Engineering; Ghent University; Technologiepark 907 B-9052 Ghent Belgium
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12
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Nasresfahani A, Hutchinson RA. Modeling the Distribution of Functional Groups in Semibatch Radical Copolymerization: An Accelerated Stochastic Approach. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b01943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Amin Nasresfahani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
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13
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Schier JES, Zhang M, Grady MC, Hutchinson RA. Modeling of Semibatch Solution Radical Copolymerization of Butyl Methacrylate and 2-Hydroxyethyl Acrylate. MACROMOL REACT ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/mren.201800008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan E. S. Schier
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; 19 Division St Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Min Zhang
- Axalta Coating Systems; Wilmington DE 19803 USA
| | | | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; 19 Division St Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
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14
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Tsagkalias IS, Papadopoulou S, Verros GD, Achilias DS. Polymerization Kinetics of n-Butyl Methacrylate in the Presence of Graphene Oxide Prepared by Two Different Oxidation Methods with or without Functionalization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.7b03781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis S. Tsagkalias
- Laboratory of Polymer and
Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Symela Papadopoulou
- Laboratory of Polymer and
Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - George D. Verros
- Laboratory of Polymer and
Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
| | - Dimitris S. Achilias
- Laboratory of Polymer and
Color Chemistry and Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Greece
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15
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Hernández-Ortiz JC, Van Steenberge PHM, Reyniers MF, Marin GB, D'hooge DR, Duchateau JNE, Remerie K, Toloza C, Vaz AL, Schreurs F. Modeling the reaction event history and microstructure of individual macrospecies in postpolymerization modification. AIChE J 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.15842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Julio C. Hernández-Ortiz
- Ghent University, Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT); Technologiepark 914, B-9052 Gent; Belgium
| | - Paul H. M. Van Steenberge
- Ghent University, Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT); Technologiepark 914, B-9052 Gent; Belgium
| | - Marie-Françoise Reyniers
- Ghent University, Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT); Technologiepark 914, B-9052 Gent; Belgium
| | - Guy B. Marin
- Ghent University, Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT); Technologiepark 914, B-9052 Gent; Belgium
| | - Dagmar R. D'hooge
- Ghent University, Laboratory for Chemical Technology (LCT); Technologiepark 914, B-9052 Gent; Belgium
- Ghent University, Centre for Textile Science and Engineering; Technologiepark 907, B-9052 Gent; Belgium
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16
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Dorschner D, Jung W, Riahinezhad M, Duever TA, Penlidis A. Case studies with mathematical modeling of free-radical multi-component bulk/solution polymerizations: Part 2. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2017.1312678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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17
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An experimental and theoretical study of butyl methacrylatein situradical polymerization kinetics in the presence of graphene oxide nanoadditive. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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18
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Saeb MR, Mohammadi Y, Pakdel AS, Penlidis A. Molecular Architecture Manipulation in Free Radical Copolymerization: An Advanced Monte Carlo Approach to Screening Copolymer Chains with Various Comonomer Sequence Arrangements. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201500096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Saeb
- Department of Resin and Additives; Institute for Color Science and Technology; P.O. Box 16765-654 Tehran Iran
| | - Yousef Mohammadi
- Petrochemical Research and Technology Company (NPC-rt); National Petrochemical Company (NPC); P.O. Box 14358-84711 Tehran Iran
| | - Amir Saeid Pakdel
- Department of Resin and Additives; Institute for Color Science and Technology; P.O. Box 16765-654 Tehran Iran
| | - Alexander Penlidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute for Polymer Research (IPR); University of Waterloo; Waterloo Ontario N2L 3G1 Canada
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19
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Siddiqui MN, Redhwi HH, Verros GD, Achilias DS. Evaluating the Role of Nanomontmorillonite in Bulk in Situ Radical Polymerization Kinetics of Butyl Methacrylate through a Simulation Model. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie501360j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - George D. Verros
- Laboratory of Organic Chemical Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitris S. Achilias
- Laboratory of Organic Chemical Technology, Department of Chemistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 541 24 Thessaloniki, Greece
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20
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Ali Parsa M, Kozhan I, Wulkow M, Hutchinson RA. Modeling of Functional Group Distribution in Copolymerization: A Comparison of Deterministic and Stochastic Approaches. MACROMOL THEOR SIMUL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/mats.201300156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Ali Parsa
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
| | - Iurii Kozhan
- CiT GmbH; Harry-Wilters Ring 27 26180 Rastede Germany
- FU Berlin; Institute of Mathematics; Arnimallee 6 14195 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Queen's University; Kingston ON K7L 3N6 Canada
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21
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Liang K, Rooney TR, Hutchinson RA. Solvent Effects on Kinetics of 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate Semibatch Radical Copolymerization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ie4027549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Dupuis Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Thomas R. Rooney
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Dupuis Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University, Dupuis Hall, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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22
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Wang W, Hutchinson RA. Free-Radical Acrylic Polymerization Kinetics at Elevated Temperatures. Chem Eng Technol 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ceat.201000234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Wang W, Hutchinson RA. A comprehensive kinetic model for high-temperature free radical production of styrene/methacrylate/acrylate resins. AIChE J 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.12258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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24
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Wang W, Nikitin AN, Hutchinson RA. Consideration of Macromonomer Reactions in n
-Butyl Acrylate Free Radical Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2009; 30:2022-7. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.200900445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 08/17/2009] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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25
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Liang K, Dossi M, Moscatelli D, Hutchinson RA. An Investigation of Free-Radical Copolymerization Propagation Kinetics of Styrene and 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate. Macromolecules 2009. [DOI: 10.1021/ma901355u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Liang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dupuis Hall, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Marco Dossi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Davide Moscatelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Materiali e Ingegneria Chimica “Giulio Natta”, Politecnico di Milano, 20131 Milano, Italy
| | - Robin A. Hutchinson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Dupuis Hall, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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