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David M, Galli E, Brown RCD, Feroci M, Vetica F, Bortolami M. 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate as suitable solvent for BF 3: the case of alkyne hydration. Chemistry vs electrochemistry. Beilstein J Org Chem 2023; 19:1966-1981. [PMID: 38169890 PMCID: PMC10760484 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.19.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
In order to replace the expensive metal/ligand catalysts and classic toxic and volatile solvents, commonly used for the hydration of alkynes, the hydration reaction of alkynes was studied in the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate (BMIm-BF4) adding boron trifluoride diethyl etherate (BF3·Et2O) as catalyst. Different ionic liquids were used, varying the cation or the anion, in order to identify the best one, in terms of both efficiency and reduced costs. The developed method was efficaciously applied to different alkynes, achieving the desired hydration products with good yields. The results obtained using a conventional approach (i.e., adding BF3·Et2O) were compared with those achieved using BF3 electrogenerated in BMIm-BF4, demonstrating the possibility of obtaining the products of alkyne hydration with analogous or improved yields, using less hazardous precursors to generate the reactive species in situ. In particular, for terminal arylalkynes, the electrochemical route proved to be advantageous, yielding preferentially the hydration products vs the aldol condensation products. Importantly, the ability to recycle the ionic liquid in subsequent reactions was successfully demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta David
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Sapienza University of Rome, via Castro Laurenziano, 7, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisa Galli
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Sapienza University of Rome, via Castro Laurenziano, 7, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Richard C D Brown
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Marta Feroci
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Sapienza University of Rome, via Castro Laurenziano, 7, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Vetica
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Martina Bortolami
- Department of Basic and Applied Sciences for Engineering (SBAI), Sapienza University of Rome, via Castro Laurenziano, 7, 00161 Rome, Italy
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2
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Wu MY, Lin JT, Xu ZQ, Hua TC, Lv YC, Liu YF, Pei RH, Wu Q, Liu MH. Selective catalytic degradation of a lignin model compound into phenol over transition metal sulfates. RSC Adv 2020; 10:3013-3019. [PMID: 35496085 PMCID: PMC9048635 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra09706f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Transition metal salts were employed as the catalysts to improve the selective degradation of the α-O-4 lignin model compound (benzyl phenyl ether (BPE)) in the solvothermal system. The results concluded that most of the transition metal salts could enhance BPE degradation. Among which, NiSO4·6H2O exhibited the highest performance on BPE degradation (90.8%) for 5 h and phenol selectivity (53%) for 4 h at 200 °C. In addition, the GC-MS analysis indicated that the intermediates during BPE degradation included a series of aromatic compounds, such as phenol, benzyl methyl ether and benzyl alcohol. Furthermore, the mechanisms for BPE degradation and phenol selectivity in the NiSO4·6H2O system involved the synergetic effects between the acid catalysis and coordination catalysis, which caused the effective and selective cleavage of the C–O bonds. An efficient method for degradation of benzyl phenyl ether using NiSO4·6H2O as catalyst.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Ya Wu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Jian-Tao Lin
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Zhuang-Qin Xu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Tian-Ci Hua
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Yuan-Cai Lv
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Yi-Fan Liu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Rui-Han Pei
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Qiong Wu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
| | - Ming-Hua Liu
- Fujian Provincial Engineering Research Center of Rural Waste Recycling Technology, College of Environment & Resources, Fuzhou University No. 2 Xueyuan Road, Shangjie Town, Minhou County Fuzhou Fujian 350116 China
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3
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Lundberg H, Tinnis F, Adolfsson H. Zirconium catalyzed amide formation without water scavenging. Appl Organomet Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Helena Lundberg
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Organic Chemistry Royal Institute of Technology SE‐10044 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Fredrik Tinnis
- Department of Organic Chemistry Stockholm University, Arrhenius Laboratory SE‐10691 Stockholm Sweden
| | - Hans Adolfsson
- Department of Chemistry Umeå University SE‐90187 Umeå Sweden
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4
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Liang R, Chen K, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Jiang H, Zhu S. Rapid Access to 2‐Methylene Tetrahydrofurans and γ‐Lactones: A Tandem Four‐Step Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016; 55:2587-91. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201511133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renxiao Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Qiaohui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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5
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Liang R, Chen K, Zhang Q, Zhang J, Jiang H, Zhu S. Rapid Access to 2‐Methylene Tetrahydrofurans and γ‐Lactones: A Tandem Four‐Step Process. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201511133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Renxiao Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Kai Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Qiaohui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jiantao Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Huanfeng Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Shifa Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
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6
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Investigation on Claisen rearrangement of allyl phenyl ethers in near-critical water. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-013-1433-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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7
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Yang L, Li Y, Savage PE. Hydrolytic Cleavage of C–O Linkages in Lignin Model Compounds Catalyzed by Water-Tolerant Lewis Acids. Ind Eng Chem Res 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/ie403545n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Yang
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology and State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School
of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States
| | - Yongdan Li
- Tianjin
Key Laboratory of Applied Catalysis Science and Technology and State
Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering (Tianjin University), School
of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Phillip E. Savage
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-2136, United States
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8
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Daniel L, Rasrendra CB, Kloekhorst A, Broekhuis AA, Manurung R, Heeres HJ. Application of metal triflate catalysts for the trans-esterification of Jatropha curcas L. oil with methanol and higher alcohols. J AM OIL CHEM SOC 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s11746-013-2364-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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9
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The indium-catalysed hydration of alkynes using substoichiometric amounts of PTSA as additive. Tetrahedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2013.03.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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10
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Nairoukh Z, Avnir D, Blum J. Acid-catalyzed hydration of alkynes in aqueous microemulsions. CHEMSUSCHEM 2013; 6:430-432. [PMID: 23401485 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201200838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2012] [Revised: 12/26/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Terminal aromatic alkynes are converted rapidly into ketones in a regioselective manner by treatment of their microemulsions with 0.33 M mineral acid between 80 and 140 °C. Internal and aliphatic acetylenes are likewise hydrated, but require longer reaction periods. The products are easily isolated from the reaction mixtures by phase separation. Replacement of H2 O by D2 O leads to the formation of trideuteriomethyl ketones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zackaria Nairoukh
- Institute of Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
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11
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Abstract
We investigated the hydrolysis of anisole to phenol in high-temperature water with and without water-tolerant Lewis acid catalysis. With no catalyst present, anisole hydrolyzes to phenol in 97% yield after 24 hours at 365 °C, our experimentally determined optimal temperature and time. Experiments with varied water density and analysis of comparable literature data suggest that anisole hydrolysis is almost third order in water, when the S(N)2 mechanism dominates. Of the water-tolerant Lewis acid catalysts studied, In(OTf)(3) offered the best phenol yield. Anisole hydrolysis was first order in catalyst and first order in substrate. Introducing In(OTf)(3) catalysis lowered the activation energy for anisole hydrolysis to 31 ± 1 kcal mol(-1). Anisole hydrolysis in high-temperature water with In(OTf)(3) catalysis is competitive with other techniques in the literature based on rate and yield. In the presence of 5 mol% In(OTf)(3) catalyst, anisole hydrolyzes to phenol in 97% yield after 90 minutes at 300 °C.
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12
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Wang Y, Wang F, Song Q, Xin Q, Xu S, Xu J. Heterogeneous Ceria Catalyst with Water-Tolerant Lewis Acidic Sites for One-Pot Synthesis of 1,3-Diols via Prins Condensation and Hydrolysis Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2013; 135:1506-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ja310498c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yehong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
National
Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
National
Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Qi Song
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
National
Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Qin Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
National
Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Shutao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
National
Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian
National
Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
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13
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Lan C, Xia ZN, Li ZH, Liang RH. Metal Catalyst-Free Amination of 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzoic Acid in Superheated Water. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3184/174751912x13524831206251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
A series of N-arylanthranilic acid derivatives were synthesised by amination of 2-chloro-5-nitrobenzoic acid with various arylamine in superheated water with potassium carbonate as base. Good yields were achieved within 2-3 h at 150-190 °C. The results indicated that this metal catalyst-free method is a simple, environmentally-friendly and efficient synthesis of N-phenylanthranilic acid derivatives. Furthermore, it will work with an alkylamine and phenol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Lan
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Zhi-Ning Xia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Zheng-Hua Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
| | - Rong-Hui Liang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400044, P. R. China
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14
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Synthesis of 2-(arylamino)nicotinic acids in high-temperature water. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s11164-012-0494-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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15
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Levine RB, Bollas AA, Durham MD, Savage PE. Triflate-catalyzed (trans)esterification of lipids within carbonized algal biomass. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 111:222-229. [PMID: 22401713 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2011] [Revised: 02/02/2012] [Accepted: 02/12/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
This study demonstrates the utility of rare-earth metal triflate catalysts (i.e., Sc(OTf)(3) and In(OTf)(3)) in the (trans)esterification of oleic acid as well as the lipids contained within carbonized algal biomass using ethanol in the presence of water. Both catalysts are highly active between 200 and 235°C with an ethanol:fatty acid (EtOH:FA) molar ratio of 10-20:1 and showed a high tolerance for moisture. Lipids within hydrochars produced by reacting Chlorella protothecoides paste (25% solids) in high temperature water (220-250°C) were successfully converted into fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE). The highest FAEE yields (85-98%) were obtained when hydrochars were reacted for 60 min at 215°C with about 11-13 mol% Sc(OTf)(3), a 17-19:1 EtOH:FA molar ratio, and without water. FAEE yields remained as high as 93% in the presence of 9 wt.% water. Our preliminary results warrant further work to optimize triflate-catalyzed in situ (trans)esterification at low catalyst and ethanol loadings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert B Levine
- University of Michigan, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2300 Hayward Drive, 3074 HH Dow, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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