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Etxebarria A, Yun DJ, Blum M, Ye Y, Sun M, Lee KJ, Su H, Muñoz-Márquez MÁ, Ross PN, Crumlin EJ. Revealing In Situ Li Metal Anode Surface Evolution upon Exposure to CO 2 Using Ambient Pressure X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:26607-26613. [PMID: 32423200 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c04282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Because they deliver outstanding energy density, next-generation lithium metal batteries (LMBs) are essential to the advancement of both electric mobility and portable electronic devices. However, the high reactivity of metallic lithium surfaces leads to the low electrochemical performance of many secondary batteries. Besides, Li deposition is not uniform, which has been attributed to the low ionic conductivity of the anode surface. In particular, lithium exposure to CO2 gas is considered detrimental due to the formation of carbonate on the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). In this work, we explored the interaction of Li metal with CO2 gas as a function of time using ambient pressure X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to clarify the reaction pathway and main intermediates involved in the process during which oxalate formation has been detected. Furthermore, when O2 gas is part of the surrounding environment with CO2 gas, the reaction pathway is bypassed to directly promote carbonate as a single product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Etxebarria
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
- Departamento de Física de la Materia Condensada, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Universidad del País Vasco, UPV/EHU, P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Dong-Jin Yun
- Analytical Engineering Group, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Suwon 440-600, South Korea
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 United States
| | - Monika Blum
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Yifan Ye
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Joint Center for Artificial Photosynthesis, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Meiling Sun
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 United States
| | - Kyung-Jae Lee
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 United States
- Department of Physics and Photon Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology (GIST), Gwangju 500-712, South Korea
| | - Hongyang Su
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 United States
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, Key Laboratory of Strongly-Coupled Quantum Matter Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Key Laboratory of Surface and Interface Chemistry and Energy Catalysis of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Miguel Ángel Muñoz-Márquez
- Centre for Cooperative Research on Alternative Energies (CIC energiGUNE), Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA), Alava Technology Park, Albert Einstein 48, 01510 Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain
| | - Philip N Ross
- Materials Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ethan J Crumlin
- Advanced Light Source, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720 United States
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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McKelvy ML, Britt TR, Davis BL, Gillie JK, Lentz LA, Leugers A, Nyquist RA, Putzig CL. Infrared Spectroscopy. Anal Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1021/a1960003c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marianne L. McKelvy
- Analytical Sciences Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, Michigan Division, Midland, Michigan 48667
| | - Thomas R. Britt
- Analytical Sciences Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, Michigan Division, Midland, Michigan 48667
| | - Bradley L. Davis
- Analytical Sciences Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, Michigan Division, Midland, Michigan 48667
| | - J. Kevin Gillie
- Analytical Sciences Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, Michigan Division, Midland, Michigan 48667
| | - L. Alice Lentz
- Analytical Sciences Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, Michigan Division, Midland, Michigan 48667
| | - Anne Leugers
- Analytical Sciences Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, Michigan Division, Midland, Michigan 48667
| | - Richard A. Nyquist
- Analytical Sciences Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, Michigan Division, Midland, Michigan 48667
| | - Curtis L. Putzig
- Analytical Sciences Laboratory, The Dow Chemical Company, Michigan Division, Midland, Michigan 48667
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