1
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The effect of the rate of photoinduced electron transfer on the photodecarboxylation efficiency in phthalimide photochemistry. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2020.113109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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2
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Abstract
Unlike numerous known examples of exciplexes (products of charge formation reactions), we reported recently that cationic exciplexes (products of charge shift reactions) can be formed with N-methylisoquinolinium as an excited acceptor and alkyl benzene donors. We have now synthesized five intramolecular analogues (isoquinolinium linked by a trimethylene tether to alkyl benzenes) that proved to be well suited to demonstrating that emissive exciplexes can be formed in water from purely organic components. Three conformers (anti, gauche, and folded) leading to electron transfer were identified using a combination of absorption spectroscopy, fluorometry, and time-correlated single photon counting. The hydrophobicity of the donor moiety was found to enhance the formation of the folded conformer, which leads directly to exciplex formation. Electronic coupling matrix elements between ground, charge-transfer, and locally excited states were determined from correlations between radiative rate constants and average emission frequencies. The charge transfer (CT) character of the exciplexes (88-97%) was calculated from the electronic coupling. In spite of such a high CT character in a highly polar solvent, exciplex fluorescence quantum yields up to 0.03 and lifetimes up to 17 ns were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph P Dinnocenzo
- Department of Chemistry , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York 14627 , United States
| | - Analuz Mark
- Department of Chemistry , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York 14627 , United States
| | - Samir Farid
- Department of Chemistry , University of Rochester , Rochester , New York 14627 , United States
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3
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Bertocchi MJ, Zhang XF, Bajpai A, Moorthy JN, Weiss RG. Fluorescence quenching of sterically-graded pyrene molecules by N,N-dialkylanilines. Exciplexes or locally excited states? J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2017.06.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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4
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Russ B, Robb MJ, Popere BC, Perry EE, Mai CK, Fronk SL, Patel SN, Mates TE, Bazan GC, Urban JJ, Chabinyc ML, Hawker CJ, Segalman RA. Tethered tertiary amines as solid-state n-type dopants for solution-processable organic semiconductors. Chem Sci 2016; 7:1914-1919. [PMID: 29899915 PMCID: PMC5966797 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc04217h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2015] [Accepted: 12/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A scarcity of stable n-type doping strategies compatible with facile processing has been a major impediment to the advancement of organic electronic devices. Localizing dopants near the cores of conductive molecules can lead to improved efficacy of doping. We and others recently showed the effectiveness of tethering dopants covalently to an electron-deficient aromatic molecule using trimethylammonium functionalization with hydroxide counterions linked to a perylene diimide core by alkyl spacers. In this work, we demonstrate that, contrary to previous hypotheses, the main driver responsible for the highly effective doping observed in thin films is the formation of tethered tertiary amine moieties during thin film processing. Furthermore, we demonstrate that tethered tertiary amine groups are powerful and general n-doping motifs for the successful generation of free electron carriers in the solid-state, not only when coupled to the perylene diimide molecular core, but also when linked with other small molecule systems including naphthalene diimide, diketopyrrolopyrrole, and fullerene derivatives. Our findings help expand a promising molecular design strategy for future enhancements of n-type organic electronic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boris Russ
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of California , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA
| | - Maxwell J Robb
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
| | - Bhooshan C Popere
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA .
| | - Erin E Perry
- Materials Department , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93117 , USA . ;
| | - Cheng-Kang Mai
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
| | - Stephanie L Fronk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
| | - Shrayesh N Patel
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA .
- Materials Department , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93117 , USA . ;
| | - Thomas E Mates
- Materials Department , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93117 , USA . ;
| | - Guillermo C Bazan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
- Materials Department , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93117 , USA . ;
| | - Jeffrey J Urban
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , 1 Cyclotron Road , Berkeley , CA 94720 , USA
| | - Michael L Chabinyc
- Materials Department , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93117 , USA . ;
| | - Craig J Hawker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA
- Materials Department , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93117 , USA . ;
| | - Rachel A Segalman
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93106 , USA .
- Materials Department , University of California , Santa Barbara , CA 93117 , USA . ;
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Sahu PK, Das SK, Sarkar M. Studies on intramolecular electron transfer reaction in donor–spacer–acceptor systems in room-temperature ionic liquids. J Mol Liq 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2015.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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6
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Rusu MC, Dută I, Didilescu AC, Vrapciu AD, Hostiuc S, Anton E. Precursor and interstitial Cajal cells in the human embryo liver. ROMANIAN JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY AND EMBRYOLOGY 2015; 13:1093-105. [PMID: 24969977 DOI: 10.1039/c4pp00073k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Interstitial Cajal Cells (ICCs) were only proven in human adult hepatic tissue. The immune phenotypes of various cell types in the human embryonic liver (HEL) are scarcely described. It was hypothesized that in HEL ICCs are present and distinctive to the precursor/progenitor cells populations. It was aimed and performed a qualitative study of HEL by use of antibodies against CD117/c-kit, CD31, CD34, CD90, CD105, DOG1, Ki67, and adiponectin. Five human embryos of 23-29 mm were used. Blasts and hematopoietic cells were comprising the two major cell populations in late stage embryos. The general population of blasts in the HEL was CD34-/CD105, although scarce CD117/c-kit+ and CD90+ such cells were found. Hematopoietic precursors were Ki67+. Adiponectin-positive plasmalemmas were found mostly in blasts. Endothelia were CD31+/CD34+. Interstitial cells with moniliform prolongations were found; such cells were scarcely CD117/c-kit+ but consistently DOG1+. They were diagnosed as ICCs but based on the morphology of their prolongations they can be equally viewed as being telocytes (TCs). Further studies should better correlate the precursor cell-types and immune phenotypes during human liver organogenesis. Liver ICCs and/or TCs should be also investigated in the human fetal liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mugurel Constantin Rusu
- Discipline of Anatomy, Faculty of Dental Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania;
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7
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Kanosue K, Ando S. Fluorescence emissions of imide compounds and end-capped polyimides enhanced by intramolecular double hydrogen bonds. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:30659-69. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cp05055c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Enhancement of the fluorescence quantum yield of imide compounds by introducing intramolecular double hydrogen bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Kanosue
- Department of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
| | - Shinji Ando
- Department of Chemistry & Materials Science
- Tokyo Institute of Technology
- Tokyo 152-8552
- Japan
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8
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Nishiuchi E, Mori T, Inoue Y. Control of Conformer Population and Product Selectivity and Stereoselectivity in Competitive Photocyclization/Rearrangement of Chiral Donor–Acceptor Dyad. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:8082-5. [DOI: 10.1021/ja302768w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emi Nishiuchi
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tadashi Mori
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yoshihisa Inoue
- Department
of Applied Chemistry, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamada-oka, Suita 565-0871, Japan
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9
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Pang W, Zhang XF, Zhou J, Yu C, Hao E, Jiao L. Modulating the singlet oxygen generation property of meso-β directly linked BODIPY dimers. Chem Commun (Camb) 2012; 48:5437-9. [PMID: 22531223 DOI: 10.1039/c2cc30915g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, X-ray analysis and singlet oxygen generation properties of a set of meso-β directly linked BODIPYs with the meso-aryl group (φ(1)) and meso-BODIPY component (φ(2)) free to rotate or constrained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weidong Pang
- Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Laboratory of Molecule-Based Materials, School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China 241000
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Abraham S, Atvars TDZ, Weiss RG. Effects of Temperature and Alkyl Groups of Poly(Alkyl methacrylate)s on Inter- and Intramolecular Interactions of Excited Singlet States of Pyrenyl Guest Molecules. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:12221-33. [DOI: 10.1021/jp105461r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shibu Abraham
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057-1227, and Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Teresa D. Z. Atvars
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057-1227, and Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Richard G. Weiss
- Department of Chemistry, Georgetown University, Washington, D.C. 20057-1227, and Instituto de Química, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Caixa Postal 6154, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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11
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Wu H, Wang H, Xue L, Shi Y, Li X. Hindered Intramolecular Electron Transfer in Room-Temperature Ionic Liquid. J Phys Chem B 2010; 114:14420-5. [DOI: 10.1021/jp101240a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixia Wu
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Haixia Wang
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lin Xue
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yan Shi
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Xiyou Li
- Key Lab of Colloid and Interface Chemistry of Education Ministry, Department of Chemistry, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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12
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Siqintuya, Sueishi Y, Yamamoto S. Solvent-dependent intramolecular exciplex formation of N-benzyl-N-methylamine and N,N-dibenzylamine. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2007. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2006.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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13
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Serpa C, Gomes PJS, Arnaut LG, de Melo JS, Formosinho SJ. Temperature Dependence of Ultra-Exothermic Charge Recombinations. Chemphyschem 2006; 7:2533-9. [PMID: 17072943 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200600467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
We measured the temperature dependence (from +32 to -50 degrees C) of charge-recombination rates between contact radical ion pairs in isopropyl ether. In the systems selected for this study, aromatic hydrocarbon cations are the electron acceptors and the fumaronitrile anion is the electron donor. Nearly quantitative electron transfers occur at all temperatures. The charge recombinations have excess exothermicities of -60 kcal mol(-1) and exhibit a very weak temperature dependence. Our observations emphasize the absence of solvent effects and the relevance of nuclear tunneling in charge recombinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Serpa
- Department of Chemistry, University of Coimbra, 3000-535 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Boens N, De Feyter S, Hofkens J, Viaene L, Van der Auweraer M. Frans De Schryver: forty years of photochemistry and photophysics. Chemphyschem 2005; 6:2215-7. [PMID: 16273573 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200500424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noel Boens
- Division of Molecular and Nanomaterials, Chemistry Department, K.U.Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Okamoto H, Yamaji M, Satake K, Tobita S, Kimura M. Triplet-Sensitized Photolysis of the Photoisomer of a 2,11-Diaza[3,3](9,10)anthracenoparacyclophane: An Adiabatic Cycloreversion and a [2πa + 2πa + 2σs] Rearrangement in a Triplet State of the Biplanophane System. J Org Chem 2004; 69:7860-8. [PMID: 15527262 DOI: 10.1021/jo048757m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The triplet-sensitized photoreactions of the title biplanophane system 6, the photoisomer of a 2,11-diaza[3,3](9,10)anthracenoparacyclophane derivative 5, were investigated by stationary and laser-flash photolyses using xanthone (XT) and benzophenone (BP) as triplet sensitizers. When photoisomer 6 underwent XT-sensitized irradiation, a triplet cyclophane 5 and a novel polycyclic product 7 were obtained via an adiabatic cycloreversion and a formal [2pia + 2pia + 2sigmas] rearrangement, respectively. The maximum quantum yield for the formation of cyclophane 5 (0.69) and the upper-limit efficiency for the formation of polycycle 7 (0.31) were determined by laser photolysis techniques. For BP-sensitized photolysis of photoisomer 6, oxetane 8, in addition to triplet cyclophane 5 and polycycle 7, was formed by a Paterno-Buchi reaction. The quenching rate constant (k(q)) of triplet BP by photoisomer 6 (3.4 x 10(8) dm(3) mol(-)(1) s(-)(1)) was found to be 1 order of magnitude smaller than that for XT (5.0 x 10(9) dm(3) mol(-)(1) s(-)(1)). On the basis of the relationship between k(q) and the triplet donor-acceptor energy gap, the triplet energy level of photoisomer 6 was estimated to be approximately 71 kcal mol(-)(1). The photochemical and the photophysical processes involved in the sensitized photolyses are summarized in an energetic reaction diagram and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideki Okamoto
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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16
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Galindo F, Isabel Burguete M, Luis SV. Photophysical study of a cyclophane displaying intramolecular exciplex emission. Chem Phys 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2004.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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17
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Xie G, Nakamura M, Sueishi Y, Yamamoto S. Separation into polar and hydrogen-bonding factors of the effects of alcohols on the emission spectrum of 4-phenyl-1-N,N-dimethylaminobutane in THF. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(03)00340-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Galindo F, Becerril J, Isabel Burguete M, Luis SV, Vigara L. Synthesis and study of a cyclophane displaying dual fluorescence emission: a novel ratiometric sensor for carboxylic acids in organic medium. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2003.12.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Lor M, Jordens S, De Belder G, Schweitzer G, Fron E, Viaene L, Cotlet M, Weil T, Müllen K, Verhoeven JW, Van der Auweraer M, De Schryver FC. Direct proof of electron transfer in a rigid first generation triphenyl amine core dendrimer substituted with a peryleneimide acceptor. Photochem Photobiol Sci 2003; 2:501-10. [PMID: 12803072 DOI: 10.1039/b212450e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The combination of nanosecond transient absorption experiments and single photon timing experiments proved the occurrence of an electron transfer process in the triphenyl amine core dendrimer, N1P1, by demonstrating the presence of an ion-pair absorption for N1P1 in solvents of medium polarity. By means of femtosecond transient absorption measurements the rise time of this ion-pair absorption dominated by the radical anion absorption could be determined, resulting in a value of 180 ps in MeTHF and 138 ps in THF. Furthermore, in femtosecond fluorescence upconversion as well as in monochromatic femtosecond transient absorption, a few ps component was resolved which was assigned to a vibrational and solvent relaxation process of the locally excited singlet state of the peryleneimide.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lor
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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21
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Lor M, Thielemans J, Viaene L, Cotlet M, Hofkens J, Weil T, Hampel C, Müllen K, Verhoeven JW, Van Der Auweraer M, De Schryver FC. Photoinduced electron transfer in a rigid first generation triphenylamine core dendrimer substituted with a peryleneimide acceptor. J Am Chem Soc 2002; 124:9918-25. [PMID: 12175254 DOI: 10.1021/ja020448v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The electron-transfer process of a first generation dendrimer with a triphenylamine core substituted with one peryleneimide chromophore at the rim (N1P1) was investigated by steady-state and time-resolved spectroscopic techniques in two different solvents of medium and low polarity. Single photon counting experiments showed a fast charge separation and a thermally activated back reaction, which is uncommon for a polyaryl bridge or long-distance through-space electron transfer. The four exponential fluorescence decay can be traced to the presence of two subsets of molecules, which are constitutional isomers of N1P1. Although formally N1P1 resembles a donor-bridge-acceptor compound, detailed analysis of the data shows that the electron transfer occurs by a through-space mechanism. This amine core dendrimer has peculiar and unique characteristics resulting in the observation of efficient back transfer and delayed peryleneimide fluorescence in diethyl ether at 293 K and very long-lived charge recombination luminescence at 77 K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Lor
- Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001 Heverlee, Belgium
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Yamamoto S, Sumida T. Multi-component emission spectra in toluene–diamine systems. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(02)00147-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Yamamoto S, Guobin X, Nakamura M, Sueishi Y. Effects of 1-Butanol on Emission Spectrum of 4-Phenyl-1-N,N-dimethylaminobutane in THF: Separation into Polar and Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions. CHEM LETT 2002. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.2002.760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Abstract
The photochemistry of isomeric 2-furyliden- and benzylidenoxindoles (2H-indol-2-ones) is examined. In solution E-Z isomerization is the only process via the excited singlet state (which fluoresces in glassy solution at 77 K and not at room temperature). In the crystalline state, the two (Z) derivatives are photostable, in accordance with the prediction based on the structural determination of the furylidene derivative, which adopts the unreactive Schmidt's gamma type arrangement. The (E) furylidene derivative (1a) gives efficiently (Phi = 0.3) the head-to-tail dimer, as indicated by the crystal structure, which is of the reactive alpha type, in full accord with the topochemical principles. In contrast, the corresponding benzylidene (1b) derivative reacts sluggishly (Phi < 0. 01) and mainly gives polymers, despite the fact that crystal structure determination shows that it likewise pertains to the alpha type and complies with the topochemical rules. The difference in reactivity is explained on the basis of (i) the twist of the phenyl ring with respect to the indole plane, and (ii) the higher overall cohesion energy and the lower interaction energy between facing molecules, as found from the charge density analysis for the crystals of 1b in comparison to those of 1a. This evidences a further stringent requirement for the occurrence of topochemical photodimerizations.
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Kawakami J, Furuta T, Nakamura J, Uchida A, Iwamura M. Correlation of Exciplex Formation with Ground State Conformations in Flexible Bichromophoric Esters: 2-(1-Pyrenyl)ethylp-Cyanobenzoate and Its Model Compounds. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1999. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.72.47] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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27
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Lewis FD, Wagner-Brennan JM, Denari JM. Intramolecular Electron Transfer in Donor−Spacer−Acceptor Systems with Alkylamide Spacers. J Phys Chem A 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jp972597j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Frederick D. Lewis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
| | | | - John M. Denari
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113
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Photochemical synthesis of medium-ring azalactams from N-(aminoalkyl)-2-stilbenecarboxamides. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(97)00294-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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29
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Bearpark MJ, Deumal M, Robb MA, Vreven T, Yamamoto N, Olivucci M, Bernardi F. Modeling Photochemical [4 + 4] Cycloadditions: Conical Intersections Located with CASSCF for Butadiene + Butadiene. J Am Chem Soc 1997. [DOI: 10.1021/ja962576n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J. Bearpark
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K., and Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician' dell' Universitá di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Merce Deumal
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K., and Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician' dell' Universitá di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Michael A. Robb
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K., and Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician' dell' Universitá di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Thom Vreven
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K., and Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician' dell' Universitá di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Naoko Yamamoto
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K., and Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician' dell' Universitá di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Massimo Olivucci
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K., and Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician' dell' Universitá di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Fernando Bernardi
- Contribution from the Department of Chemistry, King's College London, Strand, London WC2R 2LS, U.K., and Dipartimento di Chimica ‘G. Ciamician' dell' Universitá di Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
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Excimer fluorescence from acridine and diaza-heterocyclic hydrocarbons in non-polar media at low temperatures. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(96)04382-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Schneider S, Rehaber H, Schüβlbauer W, Lewis F, Yoon B. Formation and decay of intramolecular exciplexes and bond homolysis of ((N,N-dimethylamino)methyl) arenes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s1010-6030(96)04357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Photoaddition reactions of amines with aryl olefins and arenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1996. [DOI: 10.1016/s1061-8937(96)80003-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
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Sakuragi H, Itoh H. Enhancement of reactivity of the ester carbonyl group by interchromophoric links in photochemical cycloadditions. Intermediacy and roles of plural intramolecular exciplexes. RESEARCH ON CHEMICAL INTERMEDIATES 1995. [DOI: 10.1163/156856795x00611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Quenching of fluorescence in a series of covalently linked porphyrin-dinitrobenzene compounds. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1994. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(94)80043-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Itoh H, Maruyama S, Fujii Y, Senda Y, Sakuragi H, Tokumaru K. Photochemical Cycloaddition of Phenanthrene-Fused Lactones to (E)-Anethole. Structural Effects and Dual Collapse Processes of an Exciplex Leading to Cycloadducts. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1993. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.66.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Lewis FD, Dasharatha Reddy G, Bassani D, Schneider S, Gahr M. Photophysical and photochemical behavior of intermolecular and intramolecular styrene—amine exciplexes. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 1992. [DOI: 10.1016/1010-6030(92)85046-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Itoh H, Maruyama S, Fujii Y, Senda Y, Sakuragi H, Tokumaru K. Structural Effects on Photochemical Intermolecular Cycloaddition of Phenanthrenecarboxylic Lactones. Dual Collapse Processes of an Exciplex Leading to Cycloadducts. CHEM LETT 1991. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.1991.1683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Muramatsu T, Ikegami Y, Hanaya K, Onodera S. The Thermal and Photochemical Behavior of the Cyclomers Derived from 1,1′-(1,3-Propanediyl)bis(pyridinyl) Diradicals. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1990. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.63.1413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Sakuragi H, Tokumaru K, Itoh H, Terakawa K, Kikuchi K, Caldwell RA, Hsu CC. Photochemical and Photophysical Behavior ofp-Methoxyphenyl alkenyl Phenanthrenecarboxylates. I. Structure and Competitive Formation of Intramolecular Cycloaddition Products. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1990. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.63.1049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Sakuragi H, Tokumaru K, Itoh H, Terakawa K, Kikuchi K, Caldwell RA, Hsu CC. Photochemical and Photophysical Behavior ofp-Methoxyphenylalkenyl Phenanthrenecarboxylates. II. Kinetic Investigation of Intramolecular Cycloaddition. BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN 1990. [DOI: 10.1246/bcsj.63.1058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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Todesco R, Put J. Intramolecular excimer formation in 2-(1-naphthyl)-ethyl 1-naphthylmethyl ether: kinetic and thermodynamic results. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1986. [DOI: 10.1016/0047-2670(86)87104-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hara K, Obara K. Effect of pressure on the formation of the intramolecular excited complex state in 4-(9-anthrylmethyl)-N,N-dimethylaniline. Chem Phys Lett 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0009-2614(85)80412-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Intramolecular monomer and excimer fluorescence with dipyrenylpropanes: double-exponential versus triple-exponential decays. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1985. [DOI: 10.1016/0047-2670(85)87035-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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