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Zhao H. Viscosity B-coefficients and standard partial molar volumes of amino acids, and their roles in interpreting the protein (enzyme) stabilization. Biophys Chem 2006; 122:157-83. [PMID: 16690201 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2006.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2006] [Accepted: 03/17/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
This review systematically surveys the viscosity B-coefficients and standard partial molar volumes of amino acids at various temperatures as these data are quite important for interpreting the hydration and other properties of peptides and proteins. The effect of organic solutes and various ions on the viscometric and volumetric properties of amino acids has also been discussed in terms of their kosmotropic ('structure-making') effects on the hydration of amino acids. The comparison of these effects on the amino acid hydration enables us to have a better understanding of the influence of organic solute and salt on the protein stabilization. In addition, the viscometric and volumetric behaviors of amino acid ions (cations and anions) are also summarized because these ions have recently been incorporated as part of novel ionic liquids, which have wide applications in biocatalysis and protein stabilization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Zhao
- Chemistry Program, Savannah State University, Savannah, GA 31404, USA.
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2
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Houyou N, Pau-Roblot C, Roscher A. 15N relaxation and quantification of 15N-labelled metabolites in cell extracts. CR CHIM 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crci.2005.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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3
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Jiang J, Renshaw JC, Sarsfield MJ, Livens FR, Collison D, Charnock JM, Eccles H. Solution chemistry of uranyl ion with iminodiacetate and oxydiacetate: A combined NMR/EXAFS and potentiometry/calorimetry study. Inorg Chem 2003; 42:1233-40. [PMID: 12588161 DOI: 10.1021/ic020460o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The solution chemistry of uranyl ion with iminodiacetate (IDA) and oxydiacetate (ODA) was investigated using NMR and EXAFS spectroscopies, potentiometry, and calorimetry. From the NMR and EXAFS data and depending on stoichiometry and pH, three types of metal:ligand complex were identified in solution in the pH range 3-7: 1:1 and 1:2 monomers; a 2:2 dimer. From NMR and EXAFS data for the IDA system and previous studies, we propose the three complex types are [UO(2)(IDA)(H(2)O)(2)], [UO(2)(IDA)(2)](2)(-), and [(UO(2))(2)(IDA)(2)(mu-OH)(2)](2)(-). From EXAFS spectroscopy, similar 1:1, 2:2, and 1:2 complexes are found for the ODA system, although (13)C NMR spectroscopy was not a useful probe in this system. For the 1:1 and 1:2 complexes in solution, EXAFS spectroscopy is ambiguous because the data can be fitted with either a long U-N/O(ether) value (ca. 2.9 A) suggesting 1,7-coordination of the ligand or a U-C interaction at a similar distance, consistent with terminal bidentate coordination. However, the NMR data of the IDA system suggest that 1,7-coordination is the more likely. The stability constants of the three complexes were determined by potentiometric titrations; the log beta values are 9.90 +/-, 16.42 +/-, and 10.80 +/- for the 1:1, 1:2, and 2:2 uranyl-IDA complexes, respectively, and 5.77 +/-, 7.84 +/-, and 4.29 +/- for the 1:1, 1:2, and 2:2 uranyl-ODA complexes, respectively. The thermodynamic constants for the complexes were calculated from calorimetric titrations; the enthalpy changes (kJ mol(-)(1)) and entropy changes (J K(-)(1) mol(-)(1)) of complexation for the 1:1, 1:2, and 2:2 complexes respectively are the following. IDA: 12 +/- 2, 230 +/- 8; 8 +/- 2, 151 +/- 9; -33 +/- 3, -283 +/- 11. ODA: 26 +/- 2, 198 +/- 12; 20 +/- 2, 106 +/- 8; -24 +/- 2; -219 +/- 8.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jiang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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Scharff AM, Egsgaard H, Hansen PE, Rosendahl L. Exploring symbiotic nitrogen fixation and assimilation in pea root nodules by in vivo 15N nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2003; 131:367-78. [PMID: 12529544 PMCID: PMC166816 DOI: 10.1104/pp.015156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2002] [Revised: 10/07/2002] [Accepted: 10/07/2002] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen (N) fixation and assimilation in pea (Pisum sativum) root nodules were studied by in vivo (15)N nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) by exposing detached nodules to (15)N(2) via a perfusion medium, while recording a time course of spectra. In vivo (31)P NMR spectroscopy was used to monitor the physiological state of the metabolically active nodules. The nodules were extracted after the NMR studies and analyzed for total soluble amino acid pools and (15)N labeling of individual amino acids by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A substantial pool of free ammonium was observed by (15)N NMR to be present in metabolically active, intact nodules. The ammonium ions were located in an intracellular environment that caused a remarkable change in the in vivo (15)N chemical shift. Alkalinity of the ammonium-containing compartment may explain the unusual chemical shift; thus, the observations could indicate that ammonium is located in the bacteroids. The observed (15)N-labeled amino acids, glutamine/glutamate and asparagine (Asn), apparently reside in a different compartment, presumably the plant cytoplasm, because no changes in the expected in vivo (15)N chemical shifts were observed. Extensive (15)N labeling of Asn was observed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, which is consistent with the generally accepted role of Asn as the end product of primary N assimilation in pea nodules. However, the Asn (15)N amino signal was absent in in vivo (15)N NMR spectra, which could be because of an unfavorable nuclear Overhauser effect. gamma-Aminobutyric acid accumulated in the nodules during incubation, but newly synthesized (15)N gamma-aminobutyric acid seemed to be immobilized in metabolically active pea nodules, which made it NMR invisible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Marie Scharff
- Risoe National Laboratory, Plant Research Department, Roskilde University, Roskilde, Denmark DK-4000.
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Gard JK, Feng PC, Hutton WC. Nuclear magnetic resonance timecourse studies of glyphosate metabolism by microbial soil isolates. Xenobiotica 1997; 27:633-44. [PMID: 9253141 DOI: 10.1080/004982597240235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
1. Triple Resonance Isotope EDited nmr spectroscopy (TRIED) has been developed to detect and examine minute levels of glyphosate metabolites in microbial soil isolates. Using stable isotopic labelling (13C and 15N), TRIED allows the simultaneous detection of multiple metabolites in crude matrices at submicrogram levels. An improvement over earlier techniques where milligrams are needed, TRIED can detect 500 ng of triply labelled compound in a crude sample (1:14,000 mass ratio) in just hours. 2. TRIED is used here to compare the kinetics and metabolic pathways of glyphosate metabolism by two strains of Ochrobactrum anthropi, LBAA and S5. Both LBAA and S5 appear to metabolize glyphosate primarily via the aminomethylphosphonate (AMPA) pathway, since no detectable levels of glycine or sarcosine are observed in the media or lysates of either microbe. The formation of N-methylAMPA is common to the metabolism of both microorganisms, but N-acetylAMPA is observed only in LBAA. N-methylacetamide is detected predominantly in media and lysates of S5, although some evidence also points to the formation of this metabolite in LBAA. 3. Results are consistent with conventional radioactive tracer studies. TRIED nmr provides more specific structural information complementary to radiolabel methods. Both nmr and radioactivity studies show S5 glyphosate metabolism to be much slower than that of LBAA.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K Gard
- Monsanto Corporate Research, Chesterfield, MO, USA
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Longo N, Franchi-Gazzola R, Bussolati O, Dall'Asta V, Nucci FA, Spisni A, Gazzola GC. Glycine transport by cultured human fibroblasts. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 1988; 152:617-22. [PMID: 3365244 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-291x(88)80083-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The transport of glycine was studied in cultured human fibroblasts. The amino acid entered the cell by Na+-dependent and Na+-independent mechanisms. Na+-independent glycine (0.1 mM) transport was less than 10% of total uptake and occurred by a mechanism formally indistinguishable from diffusion. Two distinct routes contributed to Na+-dependent glycine transport. The first route was identified with system A because it was inhibited by MeAIB and underwent adaptive regulation. The second route was identified with system ASC as it was inhibited by L-alanine, but not by MeAIB. Kinetic analysis revealed that the two systems operated glycine transport with the same Km of 1.6 mM, a value unusually high for system ASC.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Longo
- Istituto di Patologia Generale, Università di Parma, Italy
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Naulet N, Tomé D, Martin GJ. 15N NMR studies of amino acids and their reaction products with formaldehyde. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1983. [DOI: 10.1002/omr.1270210909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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11
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17O-NMR. of Enriched Acetic Acid, Glycine, Glutamic Acid and Aspartic Acid in Aqueous Solution. II. Relaxation Studies. Helv Chim Acta 1982. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.19820650613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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13
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Valentine B, Amour T, Walter R, Fiat D. pH dependence of oxygen-17 chemical shifts and linewidths of l-alanine and glycine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1980. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2364(80)90323-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Levy GC, Godwin AD, Hewitt JM, Sutcliffe C. Natural abundance 15N and 13C spectroscopy. Aminobenzoic acids, substituted anilines, and related compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1978. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2364(78)90013-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Llinás M, Wüthrich K. A nitrogen-15 spin-lattice relaxation study of alumichrome. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 532:29-40. [PMID: 620055 DOI: 10.1016/0005-2795(78)90444-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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16
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PMR study of conformational changes in leucine, isoleucine, and valine. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 1978. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00519616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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17
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18
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London RE, Walker TE, Whaley TW, Matwiyoff NA. Nitrogen-15 n.m.r. studies of13C,15N labeled arginine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1270091011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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19
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Lambert JB, Netzel DA. Nitrogen-15 and carbon-13 spin-lattice relaxation in trans-azobenzene and n-butyl nitrite. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1016/0022-2364(77)90218-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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20
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van de Weijer P, Meer DVD. 1H n.m.r. investigation on the site of hydration in the asymmetric diazanaphthalenes. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1977. [DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1270090205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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21
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Schuster P, Wolschann P, Tortschanoff K. Dynamics of proton transfer in solution. MOLECULAR BIOLOGY, BIOCHEMISTRY, AND BIOPHYSICS 1977; 24:107-90. [PMID: 333268 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-81117-3_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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22
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Levy GC, Holloway CE, Rosanske RC, Hewitt JM, Bradley CH. Natural abundance nitrogen-15 n.m.r. spectroscopy. Spin-lattice relaxation in organic compounds. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1976. [DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1270081211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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23
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Blomberg F, Maurer W, Rüterjans H. 15N nuclear magnetic resonance investigations on amino acids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 1976; 73:1409-13. [PMID: 5722 PMCID: PMC430304 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.73.5.1409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
15N nuclear magnetic resonance investigations of some amino acids were carried out in order to check the applicability of this method to biological problems. Because the natural abundance of the 15N isotope is not sufficient to get readable spectra in a reasonable time, 95% 15N isotope-enriched samples were used for the measurements. Besides the chemical shift values, the line widths, and the nuclear Overhauser enhancement factors, spin lattice relaxation times of the correspondent 15N resonances were measured as functions of pH had temperature.
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24
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Kostromina NA, Konunova TB, Gulya AP, Venichenko AS. Study on the structure of certain amino acids by PMR. THEOR EXP CHEM+ 1976. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00523876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Cohen EA, Shiller AM, Chan SI, Manatt SL. The14N NMR linewidth versus pH profiles for several amino acids. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1975. [DOI: 10.1002/mrc.1270071210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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26
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Hawkes GE, Randall EW, Bradley CH. Theory and practice for studies for peptides by 15N nuclear magnetic resonance at natural abundance: gramicidin S. Nature 1975; 257:767-72. [PMID: 52845 DOI: 10.1038/257767a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The low-abundance isotope of nitrogen, 15N, is now accessible to study by the latest high resolution nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. Structure and motion in polypeptides of moderate size may now be usefully investigated in this way.
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27
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Suzuki T, Yamaguchi T, Imanari M. 15N FT NMR spectra of amino acids in natural abundance. pH dependence of 15N chemical shifts for L-arginine. Tetrahedron Lett 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)93140-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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